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Computer Task 4
How to use the finite element method in dynamic eigen value analysis
TMHL62
Bhanoday Reddy (870701-t337) Bhave049@student.liu.se

1 Scope : This problem deals with the calculation of the lower most eigen frequencys for a given blade in a compressor in a gas turbine .which can help in modifying the geometry of the blade to reduce the resonance Aim : To perform the eigen value analysis on the blade done at five different speeds of rotation in the interval from 0 to 9600 rpm.And to see that the eigen frequencys should not coincide with any of the 4 lower most mulstipes of speed of rotation. And to sujjest the change in geometry if the eigen frequencys are too close to the multiples of speed of rotation. Here in this task the sub space interation technique is used .The advantage of this method is that it uses the reduced problem along with the iterative strategy to obtain exactly the lower modes of generalized eigen problem. This method is widely used for large scale finite element calculations.In this method the load vectors are selected and trial vectors are calculated These trial vectors are used to form a reduced problem which is solved and the new patters are calculated from the inertial forces engendered by the eigen vectors of the reduced problem.With these load patterns the process is repeated until the convergence is achieved

2 The analytical solution

The analytical calculation is done for a flat rectangular plate of dimension 0.1x0.1 m with the constant thickness 0.01 m. From the KTHS book of formulas the angular speed is given by =(1/a2)*(D/(*h))1/2---------1 D=(E*h3)/12(1-2) H=thickness=0.01 m =density =4540 =poisons ratio=0.22 E=youngs modulus=103Mpa

We get the constants 1=3.494,2 =8.547;3 =21.44 By applying these values in 1 and we get the angular velocitys as

1=4.924E03 rad/sec 2=12.046E03 rad/sec 3=30.2175E03 rad/sec From the angular velocitys eigen frequencys can be calculated by =(/2) 1=784.076 2 =11918.152 3=4811.70 These are the eigen frequencys obtained from the analytical solution done by using the formula from the Kths hand book.

b.Analysis in Trinistas The flat rectangular plate is modeled in trintas od dimensions 0.1x0.1 m with constant thickness od 0.01 m which is fixed along one edge and free along the other end. And the dynamic eigen value analysis is performed A volume load of 2r is applied along the plate The analysis is done for the following angular velocitys 1=4.924E03 rad/sec 2=12.046E03 rad/sec 3=30.2175E03 rad/sec We get the following Eigen frequencys for the different angular velocitys 1= 1154 ; 2= 2187; 3= 5017

A comparision of the eigen frequecys calculated from the analytical results and the trinitas has been plotted below.

From the plot we can say that the frequencys obtained in the trinitas and the analytical are similar.

3 Campbell diagram The blade is modeled with the inner radius of ri=220 mm and the outer radius ro of 440 mm. the axial elongation of the blade is 100mm at every position in the radial direction. The blade is twisted by 20 at the inner radius and by 36 in the outer radius. The thickness of the blade is given as 10 mm. Boundary conditions The blade is fixed along one edge and is free along the other edge and the volume load is applied at 4 different speeds of rotations and the dynamic eigen value frequency is done in trinitas.

We get the following Campbell diagram showing the 4 lower most eigen freqencys of the blade at the 5 different speeds of rotations.And the the plot aslo shows the 4 multiples of speed of rotation.In this plot we can observe that one of the lower most eigen frequencys are very close to the multiples of rotation which increases the chances of resonsnce in the working speed of roataion between 7600 rpm -9600 rpm.

So the change in the geometry is needed to rectify the problem and reduce the chances of resonance

4.4 Changes in the geometry to reduce the resonance effect

Campbell diagram for the modified geometry

This is the campbell diagram obtained after some changes in the geometry of the blade.We can see that the eigen frequencys are not intersecting with the multiples of speeds of rotations This increase in the thinckness can effect the streese caused due to the rotational stresses caused due to the centrifugal forces.So the vonmises streeses are evalueated the the 2 case one beore the geometry and the one after the geometry.the following plaot is obtained.

It is observed that the stresses have reduced with the change in the geometry at the same time reducing the chances of reducing the resonance effect.