Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Peter Boisen
Chairman of European Natural Gas Vehicle Association (ENGVA) peter@boisen.se
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ENGVA, 2004
Pakistan: 1,000,000 Bangladesh: 42,200 India: 222,300 Thailand: 11,200 Malaysia: 18,300
Venezuela: 44,100 Colombia: 100,000 Indonesia: 6,600 Brazil: 1,117,900 Bolivia: 45,000 Australia: 2,100 Argentina: 1,459,300 New Zealand: 500
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ENGVA, 2004
Together these trucks consume roughly as much fuel as one million passenger cars.
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ENGVA, 2004
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ENGVA, 2004
Source: Fordonsgas
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ENGVA, 2004
Methane now accounts for 0,50 % of the Swedish road fuels. This figure would grow to 2 % in 2010 with an annual growth of 35 %.
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ENGVA, 2004
EU-15 THEORETICAL BIOMETHANE POTENTIAL 1200 TWH. THE TOTAL USE OF ROAD FUELS IS ABOUT 3200 TWH OR 275 MTOE)
The German Wuppertal institute in January 2006 released an estimate that up to 20 % of all road fuels by 2030 could be replaced by biomethane
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ENGVA, 2004
Ethanol (wheat)
Methane (maize)
MWh/ha
RME (rape)
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
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ENGVA, 2004
waste
set-aside forest
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
ENGVA, 2004
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ENGVA, 2004
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ENGVA, 2004
sludge
sludge
MSW
Purification plant
96-98% bio-methane
Digestion tank
(non-contaminated organic waste)
Natural gas
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ENGVA, 2004
Vehicles
The possibility to inject produced biomethane into the natural gas grid, and then withdraw a similar volume at another point on the grid provides essential synergies and economic advantages. Whether the methane molecules used in the car are of fossil or renewable origin makes no difference in the engine.
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LNG production facilities in Malm 27 MSEK ( 4.9 MM AUD) LNG production facilities in Gteborg 80 MSEK (14.4 MM AUD) 20 LNG trailers 54 MSEK ( 9.7 MM AUD) 24 LCNG stations 89 MSEK (16.0 MM AUD) TOTAL (2,4 TWh LNG) 250 MSEK (45.0 MM AUD)
(1 SEK ~ 0.18 AUD) Quote from recent study made by Vattenfall Power Consultant
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ENGVA, 2004
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ENGVA, 2004
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ENGVA, 2004
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INCENTIVES
The Swedish taxes on vehicle fuels are: - petrol 0,552 SEK/kWh (AUD 0,099/kWh or 0.87/l) - diesel 0,368 SEK/kWh (AUD 0,066/kWH or 0.65/l) - NG 0,112 SEK/kWh (AUD 0,020/kWh or 0.20/Nm3) - biomethane 0 (meaning AUD 0.20/Nm3 less than NG) NGVs from 2006 enjoy a slight annual road tax advantage over petrol vehicles, which in turn have a significant advantage vs diesel vehicles Concerning income tax payable by users of company cars NGVs and hybrids from 2006 enjoy a 40 % reduction (E85 cars a 20 % reduction) of the taxable value, but max 16000 SEK, which in practise means an annual tax reduction by 8000 SEK ( 870) The doubled company car tax benefit for NGVs in 2006, in combination with a continually improved refuelling infrastructure, about 30 % lower fuelling costs, and the exemption from the Stockholm congestion tax, has meant booming sales. Flex fuel (E85) cars, NGVs, and hybrids together now account for 15 % of the new car sales in Sweden! On the second hand car market NGVs disappear as fast as they are offered for sale. In this context lower fuelling costs, avoided congestion tax in Stockholm, and free parking benefits in many cities are the three main drivers.
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CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS BEHIND BOOMING SWEDISH MARKET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CARS
European strategies for reduced oil dependance via biofuels and other alternative fuels Local action driven by national, regional and municipal initiatives Leadership qualities among different stakeholders government, fuel distributors, car industry, and NGOs
Biogas Cities is a Swedish initiative allowing cities to share experiences in a search for best practise. BiogasMax is a new EU project 2006-2009 where experiences from many countries are shared.
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ENGVA, 2004
WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY
The EU target for 20 % alternative fuels in 2020, with some 15 % made up of gaseous fuels, means a need for 45-50 million specially adapted vehicles (on average 3 million/year) . Over the next 15 years we would in Europe need average annual sales exceeding 3 million vehicles of all different types to realize this ambition. Continued fast NG infrastructure development is required in order to realize the alternative fuel targets. Large NG filling stations could also reform methane into hydrogen used in hythaneTM or for use in hydrogen powered ICE or FC vehicles. Strong new suppliers of NGV components will also be the suppliers of gas system components used in future H2/FC vehicles. The development of a large market for methane powered vehicles with a gradually increased share of biomethane will thus, in contrast to bioethanol and biodiesel, support future offers of fuel cell vehicles.