Trigonometric Functions Getting the value of in radian measure { cos |-1 cos 1 } { sec | sec -1 or sec 1} = s r wherein s is the

arc length and r is the radius length y an angle is in standard position if its vertex is at the { tan | tan R} { cot | cot R} origin and the initial side is lying on the x-axis y let (x,y) be a point other than the origin on the terminal Converting from Degrees to Radian side of an angle in the standard position C=2 r Cofunction Identities states that for any acute angle 360=2 y the distance from the point to the origin is r= x2 +y2 then the following are true: 180= y the six trigonometric functions of are defined as sin = cos (90- ) cos = sin (90- ) tan = cot (90- ) follows: csc = sec (90- ) sec = csc (90- ) cot = sec (90- ) Common Conversions from Radians to Degrees and y csc = r y SINe CoSeCant sin = r vice versa x r cos = r sec = x COSine SECant y x Trigonometric Function Values of Special Angles tan = x cot = y TANgent COTangent Angle sin cos tan 1 3 3 30 2 3 2 Coterminal angles are angles with the same initial and 2 2 1 45 terminal sides but of different amounts of rotation 2 2 1 Quadrantal angles are angles with terminal sides on an 3 60 3 2 2 axis Unit circle is a circle with a radius of 1 and the origin A reference angle for an angle is the position made being its center by the terminal side of the angle and the x-axis sin cos tan csc sec cot = =180= -180 =3600 0 1 0 1 Quadrant 1 2 3 4 90 1 0 1 0 180 270 0 -1 -1 0 0 -1 cot = cos -1 0 Radian measure y an angle with its vertex at the center of a circle that intercepts an arc on the circle equal in length to the radius of the circle has a measure of 1 radian

Quotient Identities tan = sin

cos

sin

Reciprocal Identities sin = 1 csc cos = 1 sec Pythagorean Identities 2 cos2 + sin2 =1 tan +1= sec2

tan = 1 cot cot2 +1= csc2 Solving Right Triangles y finding all unknowns in a right triangle Angle of Elevation/Depression The line of sight of an object P from an observation point O is the line segment from O to P. If the object P is above/below the horizontal ray OA, then the angle formed by the line of sight OP and the ray OA is called the angle of elevation/depression of object P from the observation point O.

The domain is the set of all possible values of Function Domain Since y= sin { | R} y= cos y= tan { | cos 0} tan = sin cos y= csc { | R} y= sec cot = cos sin y= cot { | sin 0} The range is the set of all resulting values of y { sin |-1 sin 1 } { csc | csc -1 or csc 1}

2] an indication if the angle is formed towards the east or clockwise; if the ship is due north, then its course is 0; due The bearing of a particular location P from an observer west east, 90; due south, 180; due west, 270. O contains two components: 1] the acute angle line OP makes with the north-south line; A course or heading of a ship or plane is the angle and formed with the initial side at the north ray measured

Sine

Cosine

Cosecant

Secant

Standard formula of sine and cosine functions: f( )=a sin b g( )=a cos b Properties of the sine and cosine functions: y the domain of the co/sine function is and the range is y|-1y1 y the maximum value of the co/sine function is 1 and the minimum value is -1 y the co/sine function is a continuous function; it has no break in its graph y the sine function is periodic The period is the length of interval needed to complete one cycle; 2 |b|

Standard formula of secant and cosecant functions: f( )=a sec b g( )=a csc b Properties of the secant and cosecant functions: y its period is given by p= 2 |b| y the domain of cosecant function is { | n b ,n Z} and (2n+1) { | b ,n Z} for secant function y y y y the range is -,- a [ a ,) it is periodic it is discontinuous the x-intercepts of f =a sin b || f =a cos b asymptotes for f =a csc b || f =a sec b

are the

The amplitude is half of the absolute difference between Translations of the graphs of secant and cosecant the maximum value and the minimum value; |a| Secant f =a sec b -h +k Cosecant g =a csc b -h +k Translations of the graphs of sine and cosine Sine Cosine f g =a sin b -h +k =a cos b -h +k Domain Range { | Secant (2n+1) b +h,n Z} Cosecant { | n b +h,n Z}

y y y y

Domain Range [- a +k, a +k] Period [h,h+p] if h>0 then the graph shifts to the right if h<0 then the graph shifts to the left if k>0 then the graph shifts upward if k<0 then the graph shifts downward