DRUG STUDY

Generic Name: Methyldopa Brand Name: Aldomet Classification: Antihypertensive Indication: Methyldopa is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Generic Name: Hyoscine Butylbromide Brand Name: Buscopan Classification: CNS Stimulant Indication: Indicated for the control of abdominal pain (colic) associated with spasmodic colic, flatulent colic. Generic Name: Hydralazine Brand Name: Apresoline Classification: Antihypertensive Indication: Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to help them dilate (widen). This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily through your veins and arteries. Contraindication: You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have coronary artery disease, or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve. Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, lupus, angina pectoris (chest pain), or if you have ever had a stroke. Nursing Consideration: You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have: coronary artery disease; or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve.

Contraindication: Have any type of heart disease, have had a heart attack or a stroke, or have kidney disease.

Contraindication: Myasthenia gravis, megacolon. Parenteral Untreated narrowangle glaucoma, prostate hypertrophy with urinary retention, mechanical stenosis of GIT, tachycardia.

Nursing Consideration: Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Methyldopa may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Use caution when rising from a sitting or lying position, especially first thing in the morning.

Nursing Consideration: - Drug compatibility should be monitored closely in patients requiring adjunctive therapy. - Avoid driving & operating machinery after parenteral administration. Avoid strict heat.

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Generic Name: Nalbuphine Brand Name: Nubain Classification: Opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic Indication: Nalbuphine is used to treat moderate to severe pain. It is also used for treating pain just after surgery or childbirth. Generic Name: Zolpidem Tartrate Brand Name: Stilnox Classification: Hypnotics and Sedatives Indication: Is used to initiate and maintain sleep in those with sleeping difficulties, also called insomnia. Generic Name: Diazepam Brand Name: Valium Classification: Anxiolytics Indication: Valium is used in the management of anxiety disorders. It may also be used to treat agitation, shakiness, and hallucinations during alcohol withdrawal and to relieve certain types of muscle pain. Contraindication: You should not use Valium if you are allergic to diazepam, or if you have: myasthenia gravis (a muscle weakness disorder); severe liver disease; narrow-angle glaucoma; a severe breathing problem; or sleep apnea (breathing stops during sleep). Nursing Consideration: Do not drink alcohol while taking Valium. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol. Valium can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

Contraindication: Tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have: asthma, COPD, or other breathing disorder; liver or kidney disease; a history of head injury or brain tumor; gallbladder disease; mental illness; or a history of drug or alcohol addiction. Nursing Consideration: Do not drink alcohol while you are using this medication. Alcohol can increase some of the side effects of nalbuphine. Nalbuphine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

Contraindication: Children <15yr; pregnancy and lactation.

Nursing Consideration: Do not take STILNOX if you have: been drinking alcohol; sleep apnoea (a condition where you temporarily stop breathing while you sleep) myasthenia gravis (a condition in which the muscles become weak and tire easily) severe liver problems acute and/or severe lung problems.

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Generic Name: Metoclopramide Brand Name: Plasil Classification: Antiemetics Indication: Management of esophageal reflux. Treatment and prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Generic Name: Metformin Hydrochloride Brand Name: Humamet Classification: Antidiabetic Agents Indication: is indicated to improve glycemic control in patients with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus where there is poor diet control; primary and secondary failure to sulfonylurea treatment and those having a trend for increasing the body weight; diabetics with an exceeding body weight. Contraindication: Renal disease or renal dysfunction, Chronic liver disease, Cardiac failure, recent myocardial infarction, Known hypersensitivity to Metformin hydrochloride, Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis. Nursing Consideration: Monitor urine and serum glucose levels frequently to determine effectiveness of drug and dosage. Generic Name: Metoprolol Brand Name: Lopressor, Toprol-XL Classification: Beta-Blockers Indication: Is used for a number of conditions including: hypertension, angina, acute myocardial infarction, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, congestive heart failure, and prevention of migraine headaches.

Contraindication: GI hemorrhage, mechanical obstruction or perforation, pheochromocytoma, and epileptics.

Contraindication: Patients with uncontrolled heart failure, metabolic acidosis, sinus bradycardia and asthma.

Nursing Consideration: Assess patient for nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and bowel sounds before and after administration. May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol and other CNS depressant while taking this medication.

Nursing Consideration: Metoprolol may worsen the symptoms of heart failure in some patients. Check with your doctor right away if you are having chest pain or discomfort; dilated neck veins; extreme fatigue; irregular breathing; an irregular heartbeat; shortness of breath; swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs; weight gain; or wheezing.

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Generic Name: Warfarin Brand Name: Coumadin, Jantoven Classification: Anticoagulant Indication: Warfarin is an anticoagulant (blood thinner). Warfarin reduces the formation of blood clots by blocking the formation of certain clotting factors. Warfarin is used to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and blood clots in veins and arteries. Contraindication: You should not take warfarin if you are allergic to it, or if you have: hemophilia or any bleeding disorder that is inherited or caused by disease; a blood cell disorder such as anemia (lack of red blood cells) or a low level of platelets in your blood; blood in your urine or stools, or if you have been coughing up blood; an infection of the lining of your heart (also called bacterial endocarditis), stomach or intestinal bleeding or ulcer; recent head injury, aneurysm, or bleeding in the brain; if you have recently had or will soon have any type of surgery (especially brain, spine, or eye surgery); or if you undergo a spinal tap or receive spinal anesthesia (epidural). Nursing Consideration: Warfarin can harm an unborn baby or cause birth defects. Do not use warfarin if you are pregnant or may become pregnant. Never take a double dose of this medication or take it together with other products that contain warfarin or coumarin. You should not take warfarin if you have a bleeding or blood cell disorder, blood in your urine or stools, an infection of the lining of your heart, stomach bleeding, bleeding in the brain, recent or upcoming surgery, or if you need a spinal tap or spinal anesthesia (epidural).