EqWorld

http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru

Exact Solutions > Linear Partial Differential Equations > Second-Order Parabolic Partial Differential Equations > Nonhomogeneous Heat (Diffusion) Equation

2 1.2. Nonhomogeneous Heat Equation w = a w + (x, t) t x2

1.2-1. Domain: < x < . Cauchy problem for the nonhomogeneous heat equation. An initial condition is prescribed: w = f (x) Solution: w(x, t) = where

at
t 0

t = 0.

f ()G(x, , t) d +

(, )G(x, , t ) d d ,

1 (x )2 G(x, , t) = exp . 4at 2 at

1.2-2. Solutions of boundary value problems in terms of the Greens function. We consider boundary value problems for the heat equation* on an interval 0 x l with the general initial condition w = f (x) at t = 0 and various homogeneous boundary conditions. The solution can be represented in terms of the Greens function as w(x, t) =
l 0

f ()G(x, , t) d +

t 0 0

(, )G(x, , t ) d d .

1.2-3. Domain: 0 x < . First boundary value problem for the heat equation. A boundary condition is prescribed: w=0 Greens function: 1 (x )2 (x + )2 G(x, , t) = exp exp 4at 4at 2 at . at x = 0.

1.2-4. Domain: 0 x < . Second boundary value problem for the heat equation. A boundary condition is prescribed: w =0 x Greens function: (x + )2 1 (x )2 + exp G(x, , t) = exp 4at 4at 2 at . at x = 0.

* Hereinafter we shell used the term heat equation to mean nonhomogeneous heat equation.

NONHOMOGENEOUS HEAT EQUATION

1.2-5. Domain: 0 x < . Third boundary value problem for the heat equation. A boundary condition is prescribed: w kw = 0 x Greens function: 1 (x )2 (x + )2 G(x, , t) = exp + exp 2k 4at 4at 2 at
0

at x = 0.

exp

(x + + )2 k d . 4at

1.2-6. Domain: 0 x l. First boundary value problem for the heat equation. Boundary conditions are prescribed: w=0 at x = 0, w=0 at x = l.

Two forms of representation of the Greens function: G(x, , t) = 2 l

sin
n=1

nx l

sin

n l

exp

an2 2 t l2 .

1 = 2 at

exp
n=

(x + + 2nl)2 (x + 2nl)2 exp 4at 4at

The rst series converges rapidly at large t and the second series at small t. 1.2-7. Domain: 0 x l. Second boundary value problem for the heat equation. Boundary conditions are prescribed: w =0 x 1 2 + l l

at x = 0,

w =0 x

at

x = l.

Two forms of representation of the Greens function: G(x, , t) = cos

n=1 n=

nx l exp

cos

n l

exp

an2 2 t l2 .

1 = 2 at

(x + 2nl)2 (x + + 2nl)2 + exp 4at 4at

The rst series converges rapidly at large t and the second series at small t. References
Budak, B. M., Samarskii, A. A., and Tikhonov, A. N., Collection of Problems on Mathematical Physics [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow, 1980. Butkovskiy, A. G., Greens Functions and Transfer Functions Handbook, Halstead PressJohn Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982. Carslaw, H. S. and Jaeger, J. C., Conduction of Heat in Solids, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1984. Tikhonov, A. N. and Samarskii, A. A., Equations of Mathematical Physics, Dover Publ., New York, 1990. Polyanin, A. D., Handbook of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and Scientists , Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2002.

Nonhomogeneous Heat (Diffusion) Equation Copyright c 2004 Andrei D. Polyanin http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/en/solutions/lpde/lpde102.pdf