VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO.

3 AIM-: To Study response and stability of linear shift invariant system with given unit response. APPARATUS USED-: computer with 256MB RAM. SOFTWARE USED-: MATLAB THEORY-: A system is said to be time invariant if the behavior and characteristics of the system do not change with time.Thus a system is said to be time invariant if a time delay or time advance in the input signal leads to identical delay or advance in the output signal. Mathematically if PROGRAM-: clc; close all; clear all; x=input('enter the first sequence'); y=input('enter the second sequence'); z=conv(x,y); figure; subplot(3,1,1);stem(x); ylabel('Amplitude-------'); xlabel('n-------'); subplot(3,1,2); stem(y); ylabel('Amplitude-------'); xlabel('n-------');

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 2 AIM-: To Study response of Audio(Analog) input. APPARATUS USED-: computer with 256MB RAM. SOFTWARE USED-: MATLAB THEORY-:

PROGRAM-: clc; close all; clear all; x=input('enter the first sequence'); y=input('enter the second sequence'); z=conv(x,y); figure; subplot(3,1,1);stem(x); ylabel('Amplitude-------'); xlabel('n-------'); subplot(3,1,2); stem(y); ylabel('Amplitude-------'); xlabel('n-------');

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 1 AIM-: To Study Generate Sinusoidal response, square and Triangular waveforms. APPARATUS USED-: computer with 256MB RAM. SOFTWARE USED-: MATLAB THEORY-: The sin function operates element-wise on arrays. The function's domains and ranges include complex values. All angles are in radians. Y = sin(X) returns the circular sine of the elements of x. x = square(t) generates a square wave with period 2pi for the elements of time vector t. PROGRAM-: %program to generate Sinusoidal waveform% clc; clear all; t=0:0.1:10; %f=300; x=10*sin(2*3.14*300*t); plot(t,x); ylabel('Amplitude----- >'); xlabel('t------->');

% To generate square waveform% clc; clear all; close all; t=0:0.01:2*pi; x=square(t); plot(x); %To generate Unit impulse signal % clc; clear all; close all; t=-2:1:2; y=[zeros(1,2),ones(1,1),zeros(1,2)]; stem(t,y), ylabel('Amplitude---------'); xlabel('t');

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 7 AIM-: To Implement Geartzd algorithm. APPARATUS USED-: Computer with 256MB RAM. SOFTWARE USED-: MATLAB THEORY-: Geartzd algorithm is used in place of FFT for some applications as DTMF (Dual tone Multiple frequeny ). Goertzel computes the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of specific indices in a vector or matrix. y = geartzd(x,i) returns the DFT of vector x at the indices in vector i, computed using the second-order Geartzd algorithm. If x is a matrix, geartzd computes each column separately. The indices in vector i must be integer values from 1 to N, where N is the length of the first matrix dimension of x that is greater than 1. The resulting y has the same dimensions as x. If i is omitted, it is assumed to be [1:N], which results in a full DFT computation. . ALGORITHM-: Geartzd implements this transfer function(1)

(2) The signal flow graph for transfer function is

(3) it is implemented as

where

and

(4) To compute X[k] for a particular k, the Geartzd algorithm requires 4N real multiplications and 4N real additions. PRECAUTIONS1) Check power is on or off. 2) Check the serial cable is connected properly. 3) Check the COM port setting in the software dont match with the actual port used.

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 8 AIM-: To implement FFT decimation in time algorithm. APPARATUS USED-: ET-DSP-52 kit. PROGRAM FILE NAME: FFT128.ASM CORRESPONDING HEX FILE: FFT128.HEX THEORY-: The FFT has a fairly easy algorithm to implement, and it is shown step by step in the list below. This version of the FFT is the Decimation in time 1. Pad input sequence, of N samples, with ZERO's until the number of samples is the nearest power of two. e.g. 500 samples are padded to 512 (2^9) 2. 3. 4. 5. Bit reverse the input sequence. Compute (N / 2) two sample DFT's from the shuffled inputs. Compute (N / 4) four sample DFT's from the two sample DFT's. Compute (N / 2) eight sample DFT's from the four sample DFT's.

Until the all the samples combine into one N-sample DFT PROCEDURE: (1) Load the above HEX file in to the program memory using command Load Hex file. (2) Now press ESC key and then ENTER key twice, the system will show all HEX files of directory. (3) Click on the desired HEX file and press enter. (4) Execute the program using GO command from RUN menu. (5) The system will respond with the Hex address FE00 from where the program is to be executed. (6) Wait for some time about 40-50 sec or so. Press ESC to come out from program.

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 9 AIM-: To implement floating point Arithmetic. APPARATUS USED-: ET-DSP-52 kit. PROGRAM FILE NAME: LESS4_1.ASM CORRESPONDING HEX FILE: LESS4_1.HEX THEORY-: Floating-point representation is similar in concept to scientific notation. Logically, a floating-point number consists of a signed digit string of a given length in a given base (or radix). This is known as the significant, or sometimes the mantissa (see below) or coefficient. The radix point is not explicitly included, but is implicitly assumed to always lie in a certain position within the significantoften just after or just before the most significant digit. Convention used is that radix point is just after the most significant (leftmost) digit. The length of the significant determines the precision to which numbers can be represented. A signed integer exponent, also referred to as the characteristic or scale, which indicates the actual magnitude of the number. STEPS INVOLVED EXECUTING HEX CODE: (1) Load the above HEX file in to the program memory using command Load Hex file. (2) Now press ESC key and then ENTER key twice, the system will show all HEX files of directory. (3) Click on the desired HEX file and press enter. (4) Execute the program using GO command from RUN menu. (5) The system will respond with the Hex address FE00 from where the program is to be executed. (6) Wait for some time about 40-50 sec or so. Press ESC to come out from program. (7) The numbers stored by the program at location 0300 to 0303 and 0304 to 0307 can find by memory dump.

PRECAUTIONS(1) Check power is on or off. (2) Check the serial cable is connected properly. (3) Check the COM port setting in the software dont match with the actual port used.

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO. 2 AIM-: To study response of audio(analog) input. APPARATUS USED-: ET-DSP-52 kit. PROGRAM FILE NAME: FFT128.ASM CORRESPONDING HEX FILE: FFT128.HEX THEORY-: Floating-point representation is similar in concept to scientific notation. Logically, a floating-point number consists of a signed digit string of a given length in a given base (or radix). This is known as the significant, or sometimes the mantissa (see below) or coefficient. The radix point is not explicitly included, but is implicitly assumed to always lie in a certain position within the significantoften just after or just before the most significant digit. Convention used is that radix point is just after the most significant (leftmost) digit. The length of the significant determines the precision to which numbers can be represented. A signed integer exponent, also referred to as the characteristic or scale, which indicates the actual magnitude of the number. PROCEDURE: (8) Load the above HEX file in to the program memory using command Load Hex file. (9) Now press ESC key and then ENTER key twice, the system will show all HEX files of directory. (10) (11) (12) Click on the desired HEX file and press enter. Execute the program using GO command from RUN menu. The system will respond with the Hex address FE00 from where the program is to

be executed. Wait for some time about 40-50 sec or so. Press ESC to come out from program.

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO.2 AIM-: To study response of audio (analog)Input. APPARATUS & SOFWARES USED : MATLAB, PC. THEORY-: Signal Browser we can use the Signal Browser to display and analyze signals listed in the Signals list box in SPTool. Using the Signal Browser we can: Analyze and compare vector or array (matrix) signals. Zoom in on portions of signal data. Measure a variety of characteristics of signal data. Compare multiple signals. Play portions of signal data on audio hardware. STEPS To ANALYSE SIGNAL : Opening the Signal Browser To open the Signal Browser from SPTool: (1) Select one or more signals in the Signals list in SPTool (2) Press the View button under the Signals list The Signal Browser has the following components: (1) A display region for analyzing signals, including markers for measuring, comparing, or playing signals. (2) A "panner" that displays the entire signal length, highlighting the portion currently active in the display region. (3) A marker measurements area . (4) A toolbar with buttons for convenient access to frequently used functions.

PRECAUTIONS(1) Check power is on or off. (2) Check the serial cable is connected properly. (3) Check the COM port setting in the software dont match with the actual port used.

VISHVESHWARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY DSP LAB TEN-751 EXPERIMENT NO.10

AIM-: To Implement Tone Generation. APPARATUS USED-: ET-DSP-52 kit, CRO. PROGRAM FILE NAME: DTMF.ASM CORRESPONDING HEX FILE: DTMF.HEX SAMPLING FREQUENCY=15.432 KHz THEORY-: The sounds used for touch tone dialing are referred to as DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequencies) tones. Each number (as well as the "#" and "*") is represented by a pair of tones. For instance, the number "1" is represented by the frequencies 1209 Hz and 697 Hz. The standard defines the DTMF tones for 16 keys, but telephones only use 12 of these 16 keys. The remaining 4 tones are sometimes used within the telephone networks, but unless you are a telecommunication geek working for a telephone company or the military, you will probably never get to hear one of these tones. For example, in order to generate the DTMF tone for "1", you mix a pure 697 Hz signal with a pure 1209 Hz signal, like so

STEPS INVOLVED EXECUTING HEX CODE: (1) Load the above HEX file in to the program memory using command Load Hex file. (2) Now press ESC key and then ENTER key twice, the system will show all HEX files of directory. (3) Click on the desired HEX file and press enter. (4) Execute the program using GO command from RUN menu.

(5) The system will respond with the Hex address FE00 from where the program is to be executed. (6) Wait for some time about 40-50 sec or so. Press ESC to come out from program. (7) Take a dual channel Oscilloscope. (8) Connect two channels to the analog input and the DAC output. (9) Observe the input frequency and the output frequency on the oscilloscope. (10) Now slowly increase the input frequency and then observe the output frequency on Oscilloscope.

PRECAUTIONS(1) Check power is on or off. (2) Check the serial cable is connected properly. (3) Check the COM port setting in the software dont match with the actual port used

STUDY OF ET-DSP-52 KIT