1511/2

SCIENCE SPM
EXCEL 2

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (20 marks)

1. (a) Setiap titik betul 1 mark

1 mark
Garisan betul dan licin

(b) The temperature of the solution increases with time 1 mark

1 mark
(c) 100 oC

(d) 102 oC / 103 oC / 104 oC 1 mark

2. (a) 0.2 1 mark

(b) (i) State of copper (II) sulfat 1 mark

(ii) Type of substance 1 mark

(c) Copper (II) sulphate conducts electricity in solution form. 1 mark

(d) Ionic compound is a substance which conducts electricity in solution form. 1 mark
3. (a) The slide from the pollutant environment, contains more dust and particles than the 1 mark
slide from the cleanest environment.

(b) Type of environment / areas of conducting the experiment. 1 mark

(c) Area A 1 mark

(d) (i) The slide contains more dust and particles. 1 mark

(ii) 1 mark
4. (a) 3.1 cm. or 3.2 cm 1 mark

(b) Correct bar chart as shown. 2 mark

Length against strip

Length / 6
cm 5
4
3
2
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 Strip

(c) (i) Acceleration 1 mark

(ii) 6 cm 1 mark
SECTION B: 30 marks

5. a. Q : cerebrum 1m
R : cerebellum 1m
b. to increase surface area 1m
c. encase in the cranium // has cerebrospinal fluid 1m
d. in-voluntary action 1m
e. blind / lost vision 1m
6. a. P: meiosis 1m
Q: mitosis 1m
b. ovaries 1m
c. identical twins 1m
d. same gender/genetic composition 1m
e. Y-chromosome 1m
7. a. haber process 1m
b. i. iron 1m
ii. to speed up reaction // as a catalyst 1m
c. i. 450oC – 550oC 1m
ii. 200 atmosphere 1m
d. nitrogen + hydrogen Æ ammonia 1m
8. a. X : fermentation 1m
Y : esterification 1m
b. X : glucose 1m
Y : ester 1m
c. Colourless // tasteless // vapourized easily 1m
d. To make perfume // food flavouring 1m
9. a. P: thermoplastic 1m
Q: thermosetting plastic 1m
b. bakelite / epoxy / melamine 1m
c. i. Q / thermosetting 1m
ii. it has cross-link between the polymers 1m
d. recycling 1m
SECTION C [20 marks]

Question Marking Scheme Mark

10. a. Hypothesis : A neutral pH value is most suitable for the growth of microorganisms. 1
b. i. Aim of the experiment
To identify the most suitable pH value for the growth of microorganisms. 1
(ii) Identification of variables
Constant variable : 1
- Type of nutrient
- Humidity/ Moisture
- Light intensity
- Surrounding temperature
- Volume of drain liquid used/microorganism
- Culture/ size of the culturing loops
- Time for incubation

Manipulated variable : pH value of the medium 1

Responding variable : Number of microorganisms colonies 1

(Max:2)
(iii) List of apparatus and material:
1 cm³ of alkali solution (pH 10)
1 cm³ acid solution (pH 5)
1 cm³ of distilled water (pH 7)
3 Petri dishes of nutrient agar
Drain liquid
Beaker
Culturing loop 1
(iv) Procedure 4
1 cm³ of alkali / acid solution + nutrient agar + culture of
microorganisms

Figure 1 : Microorganisms culturing with a different concentrations of

alkali/acid

1. 1 cm³ of alkali is added into a Petri dish of nutrient agar. (pH 10)
2. The cover of the Petri dish is labelled according to the medium used. All materials
and apparatus are sterilized.
3. Step 1-2 are repeated by using the 1 cm³ acid solution. (pH 5)
4. 1 cm³ of distilled water is added into the third Petri dish of nutrient agar and also
labeled. (This is the neutral medium)
5. At the same time, the drain liquid is cultured into the 3 different labeled Petri dishes
of steps 1-4.
6. Then, those Petri dishes are kept in room temperature (37ºC) for 24 hours in an
inverted position.
7. After 24 hours, the number of microorganisms colonies is counted on every Petri
dish.
8. The observation is recorded in a table.
(v) Tabulation of data 1
pH of the medium Number of microorganisms
colonies
5
7
10
11. a. Explain the effects of light when green plants absorb it.

* Green plants absorb light to carry out photosynthesis which is a process to make food 1
using carbon and water.
* Light energy which is absorbed by green plants is used to break up water molecules 1
into hydrogen and oxygen.
* Then the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose while oxygen is 1
released through the stomata into the air.
* The effects of light when green plants absorb it is shown in the following equation : . 1

Light
Carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen
chlorophyll

b. Identify the problem

Heavy smoke pollution prevents green plants from absorbing light which is needed to
carry out photosynthesis. 1

two methods to solve the problem

Heavy smoke is usually produced by factories and vehicles. Solutions are shown below
Pollution source Pollution control / Solution Explanation Remark:
Factories Do not build factories everywhere So that smoke will
but at selected places only. not prevent green 1 mark for
plants in most places method
from absorbing light. 1 mark for
Vehicles Use the best fuel, example petrol So that vehicles do explanation
and make sure vehicles services are not produce so much
properly managed. smoke.
Maximum:
2 methods
and 2
explanations

Choose the best method and explain your choice.

[Answer can also be any acceptable method and explanation] 1

Building factories only at selected places. This is because we cannot avoid from having
factories so at least green plants in most other places are still able to absorb light in order
to carry out photosynthesis.
12 (a) labeled diagram to show the radio transmission system. 2

microphone

Figure 3 : Radio transmission system

Explanation

1. The sound waves are changed into audio waves by the microphone. Then its amplitude 1
is increased by the amplifier.
2. The oscillator generates radio frequency carrier waves and send them to the modulator 1
where it is combined with the audio waves to produce modulated carrier waves that are
transmitted to the aerial which will convert the modulated carrier waves into radio
waves.

b. i. Identify two common characteristics of the waves.

- Both can travel through vacuum 1
- Both travel at the speed of light 1

ii Other example : Satellite, Internet (or any acceptable answer) 1

Non-example : CD player, telegraph (or any acceptable answer) 1

iii. - Construct an initial concept on how these waves are useful for transmitting information
- Radio wave is a type of electromagnetic wave that can be used in communication. 1

iv. Explain the actual concept developed

Radio waves are waves used in radio transmission that can travel through vacuum and at 1
the speed of light