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Submitted to: Izrafahd U.

Bansuan RN, MN

Submitted by: Ann Dominique M. Sabio BSN3-13B Group 6

TAHBSO
(Total Abdominal Hysterectomy Bilateral Salpingo Oophorectomy)

A total abdominal hysterectomy involves the removal of uterus and the cervix. When medically necessary, the surgeon also might remove the woman's ovaries and fallopian tubes. This procedure is known as a bilateral salpingo oophorectomy. Physicians won't usually remove these organs, however, without a very good medical reason. When a woman who is still menstruating has her ovaries removed, early menopause begins. The woman may experience the symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and mood swings. A radical hysterectomy involves the removal of the upper vagina and the pelvic lymph glands. These are major operations that require a long recovery time. The abdominal muscles need approximately six to eight weeks to recover from the surgical incision. The total abdominal hysterectomy does have a few advantages. Also known as open hysterectomies, these procedures involve a long surgical incision. But this provides the surgeon with more operating space and the ability to take a closer look at the abdominal region. The surgeon may be able to see pelvic tumors, for instance, that need to be removed.

As mentioned above, uterine fibroids, uterine prolapse, and endometriosis are common conditions that require women to get hysterectomies. Fibroids are uterine tumors that, though usually benign, can cause anemia, abnormal bleeding, and pelvic pain. Uterine prolapse refers to a condition where the ligaments and tissues surrounding the uterus are no longer strong enough to keep it in place. The uterus slides into the vagina causing pain and urinary incontinence. If the condition is severe enough, the patient may need a partial or total abdominal hysterectomy to alleviate the symptoms. While endometriosis has already been discussed, women should be aware that endometrial cancer often occurs in individuals with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25. The BMI is a calculation involving a person's height and weight and a designation above 25 indicates obesity. Many women suffering from endometrial cancer also suffer from diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Though endometriosis may occur in women who are otherwise healthy, this connection with diabetes and cardiovascular disease is ominous. Women need to take care of their health through good nutrition and physical exercise.

Like all major surgeries, a total abdominal hysterectomy has its risks. The woman may suffer from postoperative infections, for example, or ill effects from the anesthesia. Blood clots or painful scarring may occur. The surgeon may inadvertently cause other pelvic injuries during the operation. However, the operation is seldom life-threatening. When possible, some women opt for a less invasive procedure known as laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). The surgeon uses a laparoscope, a thin lighted instrument, to remove the uterus and cervix through the vagina. While less invasive, the procedure takes greater surgical skill and is a longer operation. This may cause increased difficulties with the anesthesia, but when all goes well, the recovery time is less than that of the traditional total abdominal hysterectomy. Women who under go any of these procedures need the loving support of their families and friends to help them in their physical recovery. For many women, especially those who won't be able to have children because of their health problems, the procedure also causes emotional issues. These grieving women need shoulders to cry on and compassionate understanding.

Reference:
http://www.christianet.com/menopause/totalabdominalhysterectomy.htm

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