Introduction

It is very important like future English teachers to know how to teach this foreign language to ours future students. So here we have another method which shows us one more way to teach. Sometimes it is not easy to make that the students learn a foreign language easily, probably because we do not have or we do not know a good method to teach a foreign language to them and it became a problem to us and to the students. In the history how to teach a foreign language have been changing and performance the method. The Direct Method is a proof that. It is better than Grammar Translation Method.

Objectives
To learn about the Direct Method, learn the techniques understand them to use in the future like teachers. Know everything about this method, history and how it was putting ongoing. Put into practice all the techniques learned in the Direct Method.

Direct Method (Summary)

In 1800 a revolution in language teaching philosophy took place that is seen by many as the dawn of modern foreign language teaching. This was the direct method. It was an important turning point in the history of foreign language teaching, and represented a step away from the Grammar Translation Method that was progressive and heading in the right direction. Teachers began attempting to teach foreign language in a way that was similar to first language acquisition. It incorporated different techniques designed to address all areas that The Grammar Translation Method did not namely oral communication, more spontaneous use of the language, and developing the ability to think in the target language. Some objectives of this Method is that students will learn to communicate in the target language, partly by learning how to think in that language and by not involving first language in the language learning process whatsoever. Another objective is that teachers teach to the students how to use the language spontaneously and orally and linking meaning with the target language through the use of regalia, pictures or pantomime. Features 1. Classroom instructions are conducted exclusively in the target language. 2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences are taught. 3. Oral communication skills are built up in a carefully graded progression organized around question-and-answer exchanges between teachers and students in small, intensive classes. 4. Grammar is taught inductively. 5. New teaching points are taught through modeling and practice. 6. Concrete vocabulary is taught through demonstration, objects, and pictures; abstract vocabulary is taught by association of ideas. 7. Both speech and listening comprehensions are taught. 8. Correct pronunciation and grammar are emphasized. The Direct Method is undoubtedly a highly effective method in terms of crea ting language learners who are very competent in terms of using the target language communicatively. However, as pointed out above, it requires small class sizes, motivated learners and talented teachers in order to succeed really well. Techniques and Principles

   

Reading Aloud Question and Answer Exercise Student Self-Correction Conversation Practice

 Fill-in-the-blank Exercise  Dictation  Paragraph Writing

Direct Method based on belief that: 1 Knowing a language was being able to speak it! Primacy of spoken word. New method laid great stress on correct pronunciation and target language from outset. 2 Second language learning must be an imitation of first language learning, as this is the natural way humans learn any language, and so MT has no place in FL lesson. 3 Printed word must be kept away from second language learner for as long as possible (same as first language learner, who doesn't use printed word until he has good grasp of speech). 4 The written word / writing should be delayed until after the printed word has been introduced. 5 The learning of grammar/ translating skills should be avoided because they involve the application of the MT. 6 All above items must be avoided because they hinder the acquisition of a good oral proficiency. Disadvantages of Direct Method 1 Major fallacy of Direct Method was belief that second language should be learned in way in which first language was acquired - by total immersion technique. 2 Is first language learning process really applicable to second foreign language learning at later stage First language learning is essential part of child's total growth of awareness of world around him. He starts off with blank sheet, then starts collecting/selecting organising the experience of a totally new world, perceived through his senses, by formulating a variety of pre-verbal concepts. 3 Compare learning of second language.

4 The Direct Method rejects use of the printed word - but this objection is illogical since second language learner has already mastered his reading skills. 5 Later disciples of Direct Method took it to extremes and refused to speak a single word of English in lessons. To avoid translating new words, they searched for an association between new words and the idea it stood for: 6 Successful teacher of the Direct Method needed competence in his language / stamina/ energy/ imagination/ ability and time to create own materials and courses - beyond capacity of all but gifted few.

"The method by its very nature presupposes a teacher of immense vitality, of robust health, one endowed with real fluency in the modern language he teaches. He must be resourceful in the way of gesture and tricks of facial expression, able to sketch rapidly on the board and in the language teaching day, he must be proof against linguistic fatigue". 7 Also Direct Methodists failed to grade and structure their materials adequately - no selection, grading or controlled presentation of vocabulary and structures.

Conclusion

This work has been very important for us because we learned other method to teach a foreign language. We know the history, how it was performance and now we know the techniques of this method. We also learned how to use this method to teach a foreign language.