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TECHVISION INDUSTRIES
INTRODUCTION
Tech Vision Industries (Techvision) was established in 1987 and it is one of the leading rubber products manufacturers in Pakistan with office in Faisalabad. Techvision is a well recognized and fast growing organization promoted by highly experienced and professionally qualified promoters. Its four-fold success in recent times highlighted the mass acceptance of its quality products and services. Besides its nation wide direct marketing to prominent industries/end users, Techvision has sophisticated in-house facilities for products analysis and development. Techvision is a premier manufacturer of high quality products of rubber. Techvision serves include some of the largest and most prestigious names in global business. The issues they face are complex, divers, rapidly changes, technical problems, constantly evolving and time period. Techvision matches that size and complexity with its new global industries and clients program services delivery model that harnesses the strength of our resources and orchestrates the deployment of our best people, solution and technologies so that clients can benefits from solutions that are tailored to their needs/specifications.
Techvision has also distinguished itself by defining a set of core values that guides the actions of the organizations leaders and professionals. These values stress behaviors such as open and honest communication, responsive leadership, creativity and integrity. They apply to every Techvisions performance management process. Techvision has also distinguished itself by defining a set of core values that guides the actions of the organizations leaders and professionals. These values stress behaviors such as open and honest communication, responsive leadership, creativity and integrity. They apply to every Techvisions performance management process.
Rubber Introduction
Types of Rubber
1-Latex
2-Synthetic
Latex
Latex is often described as the sap of the Hevea tree. This is not an accurate description. The sap runs deeper inside the tree, beneath the cambium. Latex runs in the latex ducts which are in a layer immediately outside the cambium. This highlights the skill of the tapper. If the cambium is cut, then the tree is damaged, because the cambium is where all the growth takes place. Too much damage to the cambium, and the tree stops growing and stops making latex. Where Does Natural Rubber Come From? Commercial natural rubber exports originate in: 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. Thailand (1 635 000) t Indonesia (1 324 000) t Malaysia (777 000) t Sri Lanka (68 000) t Commercial natural rubber latex exports originate in: Thailand (168 000) t Indonesia (26 000) t Malaysia (109 000) t Sri Lanka (3 000) t
Application
Soft Natural Rubber is used as a general purpose lining material for resistance to chemical agents and abrasion. It is generally resistant to alkalis, numerous acidic and organic chemicals and inorganic salts, and is used for lining equipment such as steel tanks, agitated vessels, agitators and related process equipment. When resistance to a combination of high temperature conditions and abrasive situations is required, SNR proves to be quite useful.
Hard Natural Rubbers are used as a lining material when resistance to a wide variety of corrosive materials at continuous elevated temperatures is required. HNR resists the low concentration, high temperature conditions generally found in water treatment facilities and other chemical environments including pickling solutions and strong acids at high temperatures.
Advantages
Soft Natural Rubber: The multiple ply construction of SNR offers the advantages of the combined physical properties that are found in both hard and soft rubbers. The soft face ply provides excellent abrasion and impact resistance, the semi-hard center ply provides maximum chemical resistance, and the soft backing ply provides maximum flexibility and adhesion to the substrate. Hard Natural Rubber The outer layer of HNR provide the outstanding corrosion resistance to a variety of corrosive materials at continuous elevated temperatures typical of the chemical resistant qualities of hard rubber. The inner layer that is bonded to the substrate is a flexible semihard rubber which resists temperature variations that can cause hard rubber linings to crack. Since HNR are applied while in the soft uncured state, they readily conform to curved surfaces and can be applied to a wide variety of complex equipment. HNR has been specially formulated for service as a corrosion resistant tank lining for use in chlorine service. When properly applied and steam cured both linings exhibit excellent adhesion bond strength. On blasted steel the 90 C peel-pull adhesion is in excess of 25 pounds per linear inch in accordance with ASTM D903.
Service Temperature
The maximum recommended operating temperature for SNR & HNR is 200 F (93C). At elevated temperatures rubber linings may harden and age prematurely, resulting in cracks and failure. It is sometimes desirable to provide thermal insulation, thereby increasing the service life of the lining. Corrosion resistant brick sheathing joined with one of the Electro Chemical corrosion resistant cements is used in conjunction with NR Linings when excessive temperatures are present.
Chemical Resistance
The information listed may be considered as a basis for recommendation, but not as a guarantee, unless sold and installed by Techvision Industries. Reference is gained from Electro Chemical Engineering & Manufacturer.
Chemical
Hydrochloric Acid Nitric Acid, 5% Nitric Acid, 10% Nitric Acid, 25% Nitric Acid, 40% Sodium Hydroxide, 25% Sodium Hypochlorite Sulfuric Acid, 5% Sulfuric Acid, 25% Sulfuric Acid, 50% Sulfuric Acid, 75% Statics referred by :
750 Broad Street P.O. Box 1107 Emmaus, Pa 18049 Port Allen, LA 70767 Phone: 610-965-9061 Phone: 225-336-0202 FAX: 610-965-2595
Remarks
Temp (F)
200 NR NR NR NR 200
pH over 9
Electro Chemical Engineering & Manufacturing Co. Electro Chemical Engineering & Manufacturing Co.
Physical Properties
SNR HNR HHNR
Specific Gravity Tensile Strength (minimum psi) Elongation (maximum) Hardness Shore "A" (after cure) Water Absorption (max by volume) (immersion for 96 hrs.@ 212 F) Color Thickness Abrasion Rsistance
Application
The installation of SNR, HNR, HHNR sheet linings is described in the following steps: 1. The metal surfaces are sand or grit blasted to a gray-white metal. 2. One coat of primer is applied immediately after blasting metal to prevent rusting. Additional coats of primer are applied, if necessary. 3. The required coats of intermediate or tie cement are applied allowing sufficient drying time so that the coat being applied does not lift the preceding coat. 4. Edges of all sheets are skived at an angle from the top surface to the bottom of the sheet. A closed skive construction commonly known as a down skive is used. 5. The sheet is wiped with the recommended solvent and allowed to dry before application. The sheet is then applied using the minimum number of seams consistent with good lining practice. Edges should overlap approximately 2" unless restricted by dimensional tolerances. During application, sheets are rolled and all seams and corners carefully stitched to eliminate all trapped air between lining and cemented surfaces. 6. Steam is required to vulcanize all natural rubber linings to produce the required physical and chemical properties and adhesion to the metal substrate.
Repair Procedures
Most defects will be blisters between lining and substrate, blow holes where the lining is actually ruptured, small cracks in the lining or physical damage which may result in a scuffed or broken lining. If a defect occurs, the defective lining is removed to a point where firm adhesion to the substrate is found, a suitable repair made with the same or equivalent lining material usually using a chemical cure method and subsequently testing the repaired areas as described in "Method of Testing".
Note
The data provided herein falls within the normal range of product properties, but they should not be used to establish specification limits nor used alone as the basis of design. Techvision Industries assumes no obligation or liability for any advice furnished by it or for results obtained with respect to these products. All such data and advice is provided gratis and Buyer assumes sole responsibility for results obtained in reliance thereon.
Commercial types of Neoprene rubber undergo changes on storage. From a practical stand point these changes result in a reduction of processibility, an increase in rate of cure, a reduction in processing safety and changes in plasticity. The effects vary considerably from one Neoprene type to another and among the general purpose types, Neoprene W has by far the least tendency to change on storage. The changes are the result of chemical reactions, and therefore are influenced markedly by the temperature of storage, elevated temperatures accelerating the phenomenon and reduced temperatures retarding them. Oxidation plays a major role in the changes that are observed to accompany the extended ageing of raw uncompounded Neoprene. Two types of oxidation occur; chain scission and creation of additional centers of reactivity. Chain scission reduces the average polymer chain length and results in a softer polymer, having a low potentiality for the development of tensile strength. In the raw polymer, the creation of additional centers of reactivity induces the formation of additional crosslinks with a consequent increase in nerve and toughness. In compounded stock, such increased number of reactive centers due to oxidation, accelerates curing at both processing and curing temperatures.
Synthetic Rubber
Hypalon Rubbers
This elastomer is manufactured by DuPont de Nemours and Co. Inc., Wilmington, DE,USA. This has outstanding resistance to ozone and generally is more resistant to acids than Neoprenes. It is attacked by esters and ketones. It is applied in tanks which handle corrosive sodium hypochlorite and in drying towers in caustic soda plants, where sulfuric acid is handled and in electroplating service, where chromic acid is used. The temperature range where this rubber can be used is 5 C to 125 C. The chemical name for Hypalon is chlorosulfonated polyethylene and it has excellent resistance to heat, ozone and oxidising chemicals and has good abrasion resistance. It can be compounded for outstanding resistance to oxidising chemicals, such as sodium hypochlorite solutions in sulfuric acid saturated with chlorine and concentrated phosphoric acid. It is one of the few synthetic rubbers that can be mixed in any colour without loss in mechanical properties. The uncured Hypalon compound behaves much like a thermoplastic resin. It is tough and nervy at room temperature, but its viscosity is reduced rapidly as it is warmed by working on a two roll mill. By contrast Neoprene is not as tough as Hypalon at lower temperature.
Synthetic Rubber
Butyl rubber
Butyl rubber was developed by the research department of Standard Oil Company [4], New Jersey in the 1930s which later became a constituent of the Exxon Corporation. Butyl rubbers are copolymers of isobutylene and isoprene. Like natural rubber, butyl rubber too does not break down on mastication or during the normal mixing process. Butyl rubber like Hypalon, Neoprene or nitrile rubber is a speciality polymer which can be compounded for a soft, deformable elastic vulcanisate similar to the other elastomers, but having certain distinctive characteristics, like low permeability to all gases and resistance to ageing and ozone cracking. Butyl has poor oil resistance and medium low temperature flexibility. Butyl vulcanisates are not serviceable in continuous contacts with hydrocarbon oils and solvents as swelling is more. Butyl is resistant to vegetable and animal oils. Strong acids and bases do not attack butyl neither do strong oxidising agents or reducing solutions. Concentrated nitric acid or sulfuric acid however, cause degradation to a level less than natural or Neoprene rubbers
Synthetic Rubber
Butyl rubber is used in specialty application such as reservoir or canal linings, tank linings, pharmaceuticals and sealing caulks. The low unsaturation and low permeability of the rubber molecule contribute to the chemical inertness of the butyl rubber. In many cases of scrubber lining in situ self-curing butyl rubber linings are used which is curable in 15 to 20 days time at atmospheric temperature. In some other cases prevulcanised butyl or bromobutyl rubber sheets are applied using contact adhesives based on isocynates. The tie coat between the bonding adhesive and the lining is made from CIIR that has good compatibility with the lining and the bonding agent and good adhesion strength. Butyls or halobutyls meet the following rubber lining functions in scrubbers such as: Low diffusion and permeation Resistance to acids and salts High abrasion resistance Thermal resistance at a maximum temperatures of 90 C Oxidation resistance Low ageing Ease of application
Synthetic Rubber
EPDM Rubber
EPDM rubbers are amorphous polymers. Like any other non crystallising polymericmaterials, In general special physical properties of high values are not required in the case of EPDM rubber compounds since their application areas are critical chemical and acid environments and water and gas systems. EPDM rubbers have high esteem in process industries handling nitric acid and chromic acid corrosive environment in high concentration at around 50% in application such as electroplating industry. Another variety of oil extended EPDM is available in the market.
The physical makeup of lining materials is also a factor in achieving barrier protection. Each lining is made from numerous plies so that an imperfection or void in one ply does not affect the continuity of the final sheet. In the manufacture of a 3/16 in. thick sheet, for example, uncured rubber lining material is calendered in thin 1/64in. thick plies. Twelve of these plies are layered to form the3/16in. thick sheet. Thermo- setting adhesives, which cure in the same cycle as the linings, are used to attach these linings to tank walls. After curing, they resist physical change, such as softening, in the same fashion as the linings. These adhesives have an upper temperature limit; they may fail if the temperature reaches 300 F or more. of lining material include the material properties of the lining as well as its end use (see accompanying table). A logical starting point in selecting a lining, therefore, is to obtain manufacturers' literature containing chemical resistance tables for various types of lining materials. These tables also list the maximum temperature ranges for linings used with specific chemicals. Some general guidelines on the compatibility of linings and their particular application follow: Temperature and Chemical Environment - The necessary properties of natural rubber can be evaluated according to the following rule: the harder the lining material, the higher the operating temperature it can withstand and, to a lesser degree, the higher the chemical concentrations it can tolerate.
Natural and synthetic rubber materials as a group are not resistant to hydrocarbons such as oil products or solvents. Exceptions do exist, however. Chlorinated poly-ethylene (CPE), neoprene, and cholorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE) synthetic rubber linings, for instance, resist moderate amounts of oil. Hard rubber linings are resistant to small amounts of oil. Although nitrile synthetic rubber (Buna N) provides good resistance to aliphatic hydrocarbons such as kerosene, it is expensive and difficult to work with as a lining material. Ethylene-propylene-dieneterpolymer (EPDM) and butyl rubber have good resistance to polar and oxygenated solvents such as methyl and ethyl ketone and acetone. All selections of tank linings should be supported by laboratory testing results or evidence of successful experience under identical conditions, information that is generally available from manufacturers. Plant engineers should ask the manufacturer for additional information when the proper choice is not obvious. For example, a lining that is recommended for several individual chemicals may not be suitable for a blend of those chemicals.
Abrasive Action - "... a lining recommended for several individual chemicals may not be suitable for a blend of these chemicals."
When impingement on the lining is expected, a resilient type of rubber provides the most satisfactory service be- cause it absorbs impact and permits the particles to bounce off without damaging the lining. A soft natural rubber with a Shore A durometer reading of 30 to 40 is generally specified in such applications. When sliding or cutting also is expected in service, a tougher, harder, tear-resistant lining material with a Shore A durometer reading of 50 to 60 should be specified. Hard rubbers, those with a Shore A reading of 90 and above, have poor abrasion resistance and should be avoided. Temperature Variations Not all linings exhibit the same degree of resistance to thermal shock, as shown in the table. Soft natural rubber and most synthetic linings have outstanding resistance to thermal shock, and hard rubber has less resistance. Hard rubber linings can be made to withstand fairly rapid temperature changes, but a thorough study of the conditions, proper material selection, and special lining constructions must be employed if hard rubber is to perform successfully. Pressure or Vacuum conditions - Normal pressure ranges are seldom a problem. When full vacuum or pulsating pressure conditions exist, hard rubber liners are used because they reduce diaphragm action. This may occur, for example, if a pinhole in the steel container allows atmospheric pressure to act on the underside of the lining, Weather Conditions Large outdoor storage tanks are subject to expansion and contraction caused by extreme weather fluctuations. Soft natural and synthetic rubber linings should be considered for such applications. Expansion and contraction of the tank does not usually present a problem indoors; fairly steady temperature conditions can be assumed to exist even if the building is not heated.
it may burn through the lining when held in one place for too long. It is usually wise for the plant engineer to witness this test. During the inspection procedure, nozzle flange edges are closely examined for loose adhesion. For permanent protection, full lining adhesion is essential for tanks that operate under vacuum or flowing conditions. Loose liners would collapse or obstruct flow under those circumstances. Seam construction is also inspected before the lined tank is put in use. All seam edges must be beveled. A simple way to detect air pockets behind seams is to press down at the edge of the lap seam where the under-lining sheet ends. Poor seam construction can be easily observed then: if air is trapped under the rubber, the bubble can be felt as a soft spot. Attempting, and succeeding, to lift the seam edges also reveals looseness in the lining. The inspection procedure includes a check for over and under cure of the lining material. Shore A durometer readings are taken at several points; a low reading indicates that the lining has not cured completely, and a high reading may indicate that the rubber is over cured.
80 to 85 180
Good
90 to 100
200
Poor
Chemical processing; high temperature nickel-copper plating; steel pickling; vacuum service
95 to 100
212
Fair
40 to 50
230
Excel Combined abrasion and corrosion lent services; becoming popular for steel pickling lines; phosphoric acid Excel Chemical or abrasive services with lent oil present; best for strong bases; good weather resistance; fire retardant
Neoprene
40 to 70
230
Butyl
50 to 75
225
Excellent
Chlorobutyl
40 to 60
200
Excellent
Much the same as butyl but easier to apply and faster curing; sulfur dioxide scrubbers
Hypochlorite bleach; ozone and weather resistant
EPDM
40 to 60
380
Excellent
Chemical
Hydrochloric Acid Nitric Acid, 5% Nitric Acid, 10% Nitric Acid, 25% Nitric Acid, 40% Sodium Hydroxide, 75% Sodium Hypochlorite Sulfuric Acid, 5% Sulfuric Acid, 25% Sulfuric Acid, 50% Sulfuric Acid, 75% Statics referred by :
750 Broad Street P.O. Box 1107 Emmaus, Pa 18049 Port Allen, LA 70767 Phone: 610-965-9061 Phone: 225-336-0202 FAX: 610-965-2595
Remarks
SBR/NBR Lanxess HNBR HNBR 3344 NBR pH over 9 Lanxess Lanxess Lanxess Lanxess
Temp (c)
120 95 95 95 NR 120 95 125 95 95 70
Electro Chemical Engineering & Manufacturing Co. Electro Chemical Engineering & Manufacturing Co.
LIQUID RUBBER
Distributor Of Liquid Rubber Russia Techvision Industries
Products
Liquid Rubber
LR is a modified elastomeric asphalt emulsion specifically formulated product where a watertight seal is required. It is suitable for use with building fixtures, pipes, walls and roofs. LR is a single component product that may be cold applied be applied by brush or squeegee. The technology employed in LR provides a solvent-free, quick setting coating that yield a membrane with excellent strength, elasticity and adhesion. Being an environmentally friendly product LR can be applied indoors and outdoors with no special protective equipment.
Performance
* MINIMAL SURFACE PREPARATION * ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY * NON-TOXIC * CONTAINS NO SOLVENTS * 100% ELONGATION * RESISTANT TO MOST INORGANIC SOLUTIONS * OZONE & UV RESISTANT * CAN WITHSTAND THERMAL CYCLING
Liquid Rubber
LR is a modified elastomeric asphalt emulsion specifically formulated product where a watertight seal is required. It is suitable for use with building fixtures, pipes, walls and roofs. Trowel Grade is a single component product that may be cold applied be applied by brush or squeegee.
Liquid Rubber
The technology employed in LR provides a solvent-free, quick setting coating that yield a membrane with excellent strength, elasticity and adhesion. Being an environmentally friendly product LR can be applied indoors and outdoors with no special protective equipment.
Odour
VOC Colour % solids (wt)
None
Contains no solvents Brown to black 63-68
Typical results Black Approximately 1.0 Resistant to most inorganic solutions. Not recommended for gasoline or other petroleum products. Consult Chemical Resistance chart for further information. 50 100 Passed (No deterioration of film) Passed (> 90% original value) 85-90
Tensile strength ASTM D412, psi Elongation, % Accelerated weathering, ASTM G 155, D 412 Tensile strength Hardness, Durometer Type 00
APPLICATION
LR should be applied to a dry surface which is free of dirt, debris, oil or grease. Application is not recommended if heavy rains are imminent, or in high humidity environments. LR is applied between 0.3-06 m2/litre (15-30 ft2/gal) to produce a 40-120 mil (1-3 mm) protective membrane. Typically, LR dries to the touch in one minute @20C. This curing time may vary depending on temperature and relative humidity.
LIMITATIONS
LR is mildly alkaline. When applying this product observe normal safety precautions, wear gloves, eye protection and other suitable protective equipment. For further information please consult the product MSDS. LR should not be applied when the ambient temperature is below 15C. The uncured membrane may be damaged if frozen. Do not apply to wet surfaces or directly before a rain. Some surface base coat materials such as coal tar are unsuitable for use with Trowel Grade.
Russia
Solution:
Geo-Seal (Create new substrate)
Performance Benefits
Superior Performing Membrane Bonds to most construction materials Seamless membrane that protects substrate Against corrosion, water damage, chemical attack Elongates 1300% with 95% recovery Withstands thermal cycling Puncture resistant Significant installation cost savings for customer Minimal surface preparation required One coat system Environmentally friendly and safe VOC free Non toxic
Spraying Techniques
Liquid Containment
Liquid Rubber Spray Grade Seamless containment lining installed Successfully contained liquid manure Performing for over 2 years
Foundation Protection
Waterproofing concrete foundations National Steel Car location Liquid Rubber Specified for all foundation work
Foundation Protection
Legend Homes Urban-Con Luxury home builders Liquid Rubber used for foundation work
Foundation Protection
BEFORE
AFTER
AFTER
BEFORE
AFTER
Instant Set Liquid Rubber Hazard Containment Membrane for Landfill, Leachate & ponds
Liquid Rubber Spray Grade - Water Proofing INSTANT SETTING *Pictures from Larry Farmin
Related Videos
Summary
Always test rubber samples in relative acid to assure chemical compatibility. Prefer vulcanized samples for testing. For testing purpose confirm weather the vulcanized rubber sample is properly oxidized by putting into strong relative acid for at least 1 week. If it reacts then it will cause color change of acid solution.