Creating Employment Opportunities in Gadchiroli

A PRESENTATION BY COLLECTOR GADCHIROLI

14TH J U N E 2 0 10

Employment Background- India

Organized Sector
Employment by Industry (000) Agriculture, hunting, forestry and Fishing Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity, gas and water Construction Wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels Transport, storage and Communication Financing, Insurance, Real estate etc Community, social and personal services 2006-07 1420 1234 5841 895 932 589 2735 2246 11036 2005-06 1479 1241 5641 889 949 569 2762 2042 11055 2000-01 1435 953 6443 987 1138 502 3118 1650 11564 1990-91 1447 1099 6333 945 1221 449 3079 1448 10712

Agriculture Sector Contribution

Major Minerals in Gadchiroli

Sr No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Mineral Ore (Region) Iron Ore (Surjagarh Hill) Iron Ore (Surjagarh Hill) Iron Ore (Surjagarh Hill) Iron Ore (Damkodvadvi Hill) Iron Ore (Bhamragarh Hill) Iron Ore (Bhamragarh Hill) Iron Ore Iron Ore Iron Ore Iron Ore Quartz Etapalli Quartz Limestone Gram Panchayat Adolgudra Malermeta Nagalmeta Kakadguda Purhurmeta Gundurwaymeta Zendepar Maseli Bharritola Fuser Ghot Deulgaon Talodhi Devalmari Katepalli Tehsil/ Block Etapalli Etapalli Etapalli Etapalli Etapalli Etapalli Etapalli Korchi Etapalli Chamorshi Chamorshi Armori Dhanora Armori

Revenue Collection from Mining in Gadchiroli

Sr No

During Year

Target Lacs

in

Achievement In Lacs

Percentage Of Achievement

2006-2007

175.00

242.43

138.53 %

2007-2008

250.0

337.74

135 %

2008-2009

425.00

439.92

103 %

Employment Generation through Agriculture

Sr No
1 2

Size Groups
Marginal up to 1.0 Ha Small 1.0 to 2.0 Ha

No. of Farmers
43649 36306

Area in ha
24264.77 51712.46

Percentage
38% 31%

Others above 2.00 Ha

Total

35441
115396

131960.83
207938.06

31%

Category of Holdings
Gadchiroli Marginal (Less than 1 Ha) Small (1 to 2 Ha) Large (Above 2 Ha) 43649 36306 35441 115396

In Total Numbers
Maharashtra 5305743 3605606 3226278 12137627 India 75390000 22687000 21817000 1.2E+08

Category of Holdings Marginal (Less than 1 Ha) Small (1 to 2 Ha) Large (Above 2 Ha)

Gadchiroli
24265 51714 131962 207941

In Total Area (In Ha) Maharashtra

2648659 5127056 12327089 20102804

India
29807000 32128000 97460000 1.59E+08

Pattern of land Utilization (%) Location Forests Total Uncultivated Land Total Cultivated Land Gadchiroli 76 10 14 Maharashtra 17 21 62 India 21 20 59

Patter of Land Utilization (% of total area)

120

100
80

60
40 20 0 Gadchiroli Maharashtra India

Total Cultivated Land Total Uncultivated Land Forests

Area held by Farmers (In Hectares)

Marginal Farmers (A) 3211 1408 Small Farmers (B) 5364 4058 Large Farmers (C] 10342 13916 TOTAL (A+B+C) 18917 19382

Taluka Gadchiroli Dhanora

% 16.97 7.26

% 28.36 20.94

% 54.67 71.80

Chamorshi
Mulchera Wadsa

4526
419 2736

12.21
5.44 25.08

9675
2593 3982

26.09
33.65 36.51

22882
4694 4189

61.70
60.91 38.41

37083
7706 10907

Armori
Kurkheda Korchi

3606
2367 736

18.37
13.90 4.71

6916
5698 1787

35.23
33.45 11.44

9111
8968 13103

46.41
52.65 83.85

19633
17033 15626

Aheri
Etapalli Bhamragad

1352
807 522

7.54
4.81 6.45

3502
2617 1393

19.54
15.60 17.20

13071
13353 6184

72.92
79.59 76.36

17925
16777 8099

Sironcha

2575

13.66

4129

21.90

12149

64.44

18853

Numbers of Farmers with different sized land holdings

Taluka Gadchiroli Dhanora Chamorshi Mulchera Wadsa Armori Kurkheda

Marginal Farmers (A) 5498 2257 8770 830 4839 5698 3607

% 44.78 26.36 39.71 19.00 53.59 42.60 35.47

Small Farmers (B) 3808 2819 6705 1819 2950 4901 4007

% 31.02 32.93 30.36 41.63 32.67 36.64 39.40

Large Farmers (C] 2971 3485 6611 1720 1240 2776 2556

% 24.20 40.71 29.93 39.37 13.73 20.76 25.13

TOTAL (A+B+C) 12277 8561 22086 4369 9029 13375 10170

Korchi Aheri Etapalli Bhamragad

Sironcha

1178 2740 1657 987

5588

23.77 31.58 24.24 28.58

48.13

1254 2455 1785 957

2846

25.31 28.30 26.12 27.72

24.51

2523 3481 3393 1509

3176

50.92 40.12 49.64 43.70

27.36

4955 8676 6835 3453

11610

Land Utilization Statistics *

Taluka Forest Area (A) 20789 66677 24021 % Land Under Non-Agri Use (B) 5781 4660 11150 %

Uncultivat ed area (C)

Cultivated area (D)

TOTAL (A+B+C+D)

Gadchirol i Dhanora Chamors hi

33.90 65.55 29.62

9.43 4.58 13.75

6450 9686 12350

10.5 2 9.52 15.2 3 27.3 3 16.0 0 7.32 5.01 16.4 1 4.76 1.59 1.82 18.5 5

28299 20696 33570

46.15 20.35 41.40

61319 101719 81091

Mulchera
Wadsa Armori Kurkheda

11136
6651 11833 21846

37.38
27.27 29.89 35.24

2160
3682 5824 17130

7.25
15.10 14.71 27.63

8142
3902 2898 3104

8355
10150 19040 19920

28.04
41.62 48.09 32.13

29793
24385 39595 62000

Korchi
Aheri Etapalli Bhamrag ad

33981
66475

60.19
69.38

2904
5096 9120 4946

5.14
5.32 5.31 6.46

9262
4562 2734 1396

10307
19675 15820 17335

18.26
20.54 9.20 22.63

56454
95808 171895 76617

144221 83.90 52940 69.10

Sironcha

6478

18.55

9194

26.33

6476

12765

36.56

34913

Important Points for Employment generation

Five of the Talukas Dhanora, Korchi, Aheri, Etapalli and Bhamragarh

have over 60% of Forested Area. The focus of Employment generation activities in these blocks should be on Forest and Forest produce based activities. This will bring into focus atleast 3.6 lakh hectares of forested area and people dependent on those forests for their livelihood. Only Six blocks in the district i.e. Gadchiroli, Chamorshi, Wadsa, Armori, Kurkheda and Sironcha, have over 30% of Cultivated Area. The focus in these blocks should be on providing sufficient irrigation support to enhance the cropping intensity so as to produce multiple crops from the available land under cultivation. There are five talukas with significant uncultivated areas (over 15%), these talukas are Chamorshi, Mulchera, Wadsa, Korchi and Sironcha. The reasons for high non cultivated area in these Talukas will be explored in this report, and possibilities to see if this land can be brought under cultivation or other remunerative land use will also be explored.

Important Points for Employment generation

There are five talukas in the district with high (over 10%) non

agricultural land usage. These talukas will be studied from perspective of their potential to sustain and expand such non agricultural activities and the support required to enhance the returns from such business/ commercial activities. The objective of such broad framework / planning will be to ensure that there is no generic meeting all requirements type of recommendation on schemes (spread across the district on the basis of usual allocation criteria like taluka population or area, even if their effectiveness may be limited in certain areas). This is important as these schemes tend to become non deployable in certain areas of the district due to geographic, man power/ skill set or other issues while funds continue to be pumped even if the benefits and returns are low. New Projects which have high potential in parts of the district and may have not been tried or adopted so far could ne tried based on best practices adopted elsewhere in the country or internationally. Suitable training plans for development of potential employment generating activities and introduction of new employment generating opportunities will be required.

Block wise Prioritization of Activities

Taluka Gadchiroli Dhanora Chamorshi Mulchera Wadsa Armori Kurkheda

First Priority Activity Cultivation Forest Based Activities Cultivation Agriculture Agriculture Cultivation Cultivation Forest Based Activities

Second Priority Activity

Cultivation Non Agricultural Activities,

Land reclamation for Agri purposes Land reclamation for Agri purposes Non Agricultural Activities,
Land reclamation for Agri purposes Non Agricultural Activities Non Agricultural Activities

Korchi
Aheri Etapalli Bhamragad Sironcha

Forest Based Activities

Forest Based Activities Forest Based Activities Cultivation

Agriculture, Land reclamation for Agri purposes Agriculture

Agriculture Agriculture Non Agricultural Activities, Land reclamation for Agri purposes

Action Plan for Gadchiroli

Food security and Unemployment remain amongst the most important issues for a large portion of Indian population. They have immediate consequence on soil in terms of determining survival strategies of small and marginal farmers in view of declining productivity, division of land holdings, increased population pressure including increasing family size and dependency on land, loss of surface soil mass and soil degradation. These are a mix of soil quality and productivity, land reforms issues and other social issues. Since soil remains amongst the most important resources for sustained quality of human life and related activities, hence, Agro-ecology based agricultural development is important measure for utilizing the resources locally in Gadchiroli. While requirement of growth, and prosperity are the drivers for increased exploitation of soil, at the same time, conservation of the soil resources and improving their productivity is also critical for the sustainability of food production. The following steps are important to ensure the quality of the soil: Assessment of soil resource in terms of its capabilities for various agricultural and nonagricultural uses. Soil and climatic based crop specific land suitability evaluation Ensuring balanced quality and quantity of agricultural input Controlling soil degradation in affected areas and restoring soil health

GADCHIROLI CROPPING PATTERN Irrigated and Non Irrigated

Type of Crops Major Crops (Irrigated) KHARIF RABI Major Crops (Non-Irrigated) KHARIF Name of Crops Paddy Wheat Gram Tur Mung Pulses Soyabean Sesamum Cotton Wheat Gram Major Cash Crops KHARIF & RABI Soyabean Cotton Groundnut Sesamum Chilli Cropping Period June to November Sept. to February Sept. to January June to November June to January June to October June to October June to October June to January September to February September to January June to October June to January June to October September to November September to March Market Gadchiroli, State Gadchiroli Gadchiroli Gadchiroli Gadchiroli Gadchiroli Gadchiroli, State Gadchiroli Gadchiroli, State Gadchiroli Gadchiroli

RABI

State State Gadchiroli Gadchiroli Taluka APMC, District

Sources of Irrigation (In numbers)

Taluka Gadchiroli Dhanora Chamorshi

Tanks 358 143 255

Open Wells 770 403 896

Tube/ Bore wells Lift Irrigation Other Sources 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 56 59

Mulchera
Wadsa

17
353

342
391

0
0

0
0

5
29

Armori
Kurkheda

262
243

822
599

0
0

2
0

49
42

Korchi
Aheri Ettapalli Bhamragad Sironcha

282
67 20 33 25

308
397 324 214 443

0
0 0 0 129

0
0 0 0 0

16
27 10 1 24

Source wise Irrigated Area

Taluka Canals (Area) 0 Source wise Irrigated area (Ha) Open Tanks Tube Borewells Wells 5259 770 0 Lift Irrigation Other Sources 1259

Gadchiroli Dhanora
Chamorshi Mulchera Wadsa

0 0
0 0 0

0
12656 0 4125

1625
4103 1786 5728

403
896 342 391

0
0 0 0

891
679 133 476

Armori
Kurkheda Korchi

7747
0 0

2602
3445 2972

822
599 308

0
0 0

50
0 0

720
618 495

Aheri
Ettapalli Bhamragad Sironcha

0
0 0 0

964
1028 321 1092

397
324 214 443

0
0 0 1935

0
0 0 0

410
154 14 182

14000 12000 10000 8000 6000

Source wise Irriagted Area (Ha)

Canals (Area) Tanks Open Wells Tube Borewells Lift Irrigation Other Sources

4000
2000 0

It is evident that owning to the proximity to the Wainganga river, Wadsa, Armori and Chamorshi have the entirety of the canal irrigation in the district while the Taluka of Sironcha is having highest number of bore tube wells. Since the district has a maximum area covered under forest, large Irrigation projects are not possible. Only Deena project is functioning and supporting irrigation in Chamorshi Taluka while Itiadoha Project command is in Wadsa and Armori tehsils covering 24,000 ha. The total Irrigable area in district 67,311 Ha but currently irrigation is 60,000 ha. Assured rainfall is the strength of the district which contributes to the ground water potential.

Around 7145 dug wells irrigate about 8,000 ha land in the district. Further, around 52,000 ha land is irrigated through other sources such as canals, lift irrigation projects through surface irrigation.
Tanks, tube well and other irrigation sources are most important for the purpose of irrigation in rest of the district. Wadsa could have enhanced agricultural production if the area under cultivation through canals can be increased in the other parts of the Taluka.

Dug Well Usage in Irrigation

Gadchiroli Armori Vadsa Kurkheda Korchi Dhanora Chamorshi Mulchera Aheri Etapalli Bhamragarh Sironcha TOTAL

Total Dug Well 1105 580 197 1351 181 794 874 287 612 606 236 1065 7888

Pumps In Use for Irrigatio n- With Electricit y or Oil

(A) 667 331 107 1018 103 544 195 175 386 361
150 730 4767

% Pumps in use for Irrigatio n 60.36 57.07 54.31 75.35 56.91 68.51 22.31 60.98 63.07 59.57 63.56 67.91 60.43

Dugwell w/o use in Irrigation (B) 414 179 53 276 52 239 539 50 109 174 45 43 2173

% Dugwell w/o use in Irrigation 37.47 30.86 26.90 20.43 28.73 30.10 61.67 17.42 17.81 28.71 19.07 4.04 27.55

Used for Drinkin g Water 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 115

0 15 130

Dry Wells (C] 167 248 89 249 82 179 189 25 155 128 42 119 1672

TOTAL (A+B+C) 1248 758 249 1543 237 962 923 250 650 663 237 892 8612

Watershed development Programme in Gadchiroli

Watershed development

Name of Taluka Gadchiroli

Dhanora

Area treated

Balance Area

13713
22293

65.96
67.88

7076
10547

34.04
32.12

Chamorshi
Mulchera

415
4764

8.83
32.91

4283
9711

91.17
67.09

Wadsa
Armori

12229
19014

62.77
76.90

7254
5711

37.23
23.10

Kurkheda
Korchi

15636
14900

38.45
50.99

25025
14323

61.55
49.01

Aheri
Etapalli

23020
2094

65.77
13.48

11982
13444

34.23
86.52

Bhamragad
Sironcha

550
2190

6.81
12.80

7530
14914

93.19
87.20

Crop Productivity in Gadchiroli

Yield (Kg/Ha) Name Of Taluka Paddy Soyabean Tur Rabi Gram Linseed

Gadchiroli
Dhanora Chamorshi Mulchera Wadsa Armori Kurkheda Korchi Aheri Bhamragad Etapalli Sironcha

1900
1506 2800 1500 1950 1634 1650 725 1100 1100 900 1500

1480
0 1300 1200 0 0 0 0 900 0 0 0

500
350 500 450 326 350 310 0 800 0 0 0

750
800 500 600 488 600 500 0 200 0 0 0

325
300 350 300 326 350 310 0 270 0 0 0

Maharashtra Range
Year 2002-2008

1854-2996

1386-3990

773-1083

421-1116

162-227

Availability of Improved Farm Equipments and Machineries

Multi Crop Thresh er 2 0 7 0 0 0 7 0 2 0 0 0 Urea Bricket Machin e 28 1 1 0 2 2 3 0 1 2 2 2

Farm equipment
Gadchiroli Dhanora Chamorshi Mulchera Wadsa Armori Kurkheda Korchi Aheri Ettapalli Bhamragad Sironcha

Tractor

Power tiller
15 2 8 0 0 2 2 0 4 0 0 3

Knocki Power ng Sprayer Sprayer 20 5 5 0 31 15 5 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 5 2 5 8 3 7 10 3 20 45

Paddy Thresh er 44 27 16 4 75 30 25 5 4 2 3 18

Iron Plough
159 60 194 18 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 0

Spray Pump
1251 75 450 0 75 150 50 0 0 75 25 100

231 35 56 32 225 155 76 30 28 13 22 44

Gadchiroli Power Availability

Sr. No. Name of Taluka No. of Villages In Taluka (Populated)
108

No. of Villages Electrified as per norms

85

No. of 33 KV Sub Station Exist

Gadchiroli

2
3 4 5 6 7

Dhanora
Chamorshi Mulchera Desaiganj (Wadsa) Armori Kurkheda

219
186 67 32 91 120

120
134 28 32 73 58

4
2 1 1 2 2

8
9 10 11 12

Korchi
Aheri Sironcha Etapalli Bhamragad Total

125
162 114 189 110 1523

62
42 66 44 28 772

1
0 2 0 1 18

Employment- Government Staff Position

Group A B

Sanctioned 421 822

Filled 253 683

Vacant 168 139

% Vacant 40% 17%

C
D Total

16925
3093 21261

15496
2676 19108

1429
417 2153

8%
13% 10%

NREGA Position (March 2010)

NREGA Total Funds available including State share Cumulative Expenditure Total Job Cards issued (no) Employment provided to households (no) Person days Employment per household (no) 3584.673 2158.672 165035 36792 68

No of works- Sanctioned No of Works- Completed

1051 455

Recognition of Forest Rights Act

Total Claims Received (Forest Right Committee) Total Claims Received (District Level Committee) Total Claims Disposed Total Title Deeds Distributed 56415 6068 5795 5795

Issues to enhance the procurement support for the minor Forest Produce Procurement Support for Minor Forest Produce in the DistrictCurrently Tribal Development Corporation is having a monopoly right on the Procurement of Forest Produce. This was a useful step in the time when there was little or no business enterprise and activity in the District. However, with better connectivity and more awareness, private firms and organizations have also started showing more interest in procuring these products which are sold at high prices in the open market. Currently TDC is having a monopoly on a list of 33 items in procurement at rates beneficial to it, even if the rates in open market may be higher while there is no MSP for a large number of other forest produce in which TDC is not interested to procure. Today, the role of TDC in procurement should be of ensuring a minimum support price for all the forest products (as is done for the Agricultural producers who are sizeable in numbers and are an important electoral vote bank). Hence a comprehensive list of Forest Produce needs to be compiled and MSP fixed for each item. In case the market price is higher than that offered by TDC then the Tribal people should be allowed to sell that in the market otherwise the TDC should procure the items at MSP. The auction of Tendu Leaves- This currently is under the monopoly of the Forest Department and can be handed over to the Gram Panchayats level committee. This committee should involve members of Forest Department as well. This will ensure that the auction rates are competitive and the quantity and quality of the Tendu leaves for auction is under supervision of all the local stakeholders and Government authorities.

Fisheries
Details of the total ponds, Expected Fish Production- 6694 m tonnes

the types of fishes harvested,

Current 4569 m tonne

Shortage in production based on water body area- 2125

Annual crop production,

Shortage as per the demand- 1700

Annual 10.5-16 kg per person per year

Consumption market and the sale/ purchase agencies,

(* District Population 969960 & 40 % Non Veg/ Fish Eaters) i.e. 388000 hence 5820 Metric Tonnes) Revenue collection from leasing of ponds- Rs 219191/-

Revenue collection from the same,

Approximate leased area- 1299 hectare Total societies- 95

Number of societies.

Member Number (Active) 7664; Inactive (3680)

Investment

Society (Rs 542,740); Government (235,616)

Department Employee strength and vacancies. Total Positions in Department 13

People Available- 13
Vacant- 1

Extra 1

Fish Production Figures in Gadchiroli

Previous Season Katla Rohu

Mrugad Common Carp Other Carp Maradh Hilsa

Current Season 60 85
130 84 39 5

Total Unit (In Metric Tonnes) 731 1081

840 744 413 21 0

671 996
710 660 374 16

Kodambi Other

32 590
4049

2 115
520

34 705
4569

Dairy Development
Number of cooperatives in milk procurement and no of active cooperatives Dhanora and Kurkheda- 40 Active- Nil Requirement 5000 lit / day Current Procurement 420 from Govt 2000 from Pvt Gap 2580 litre per day

District Daily procurement target

District Chilling Plant- running in Gadchiroli and the processing capacity, any extension proposal etc.

One (5000 litre) No extension plan since capacity unused

Amount of milk sent for processing in the neighbouring districts Cost of procurement Transport cost Selling price

420 litre per day from Vadsa, Armori, Gadchiroli

1102 per day

1099 per day

Rs 22 per litre

Action Plan Integrated Dairy Farm Project

Select the sites for Integrated dairy Farms in all the Gram Panchayats of the District Collect the central pool of cattle in the cattle farm. Provide all Medical Care and the nutritious cattle feed Work on the improvement of cattle breeds through Artificial Insemination. The cattle may be branded or have RFID tags for ensuring there is no pilferage, stealing or replacement of expensive and high breed cattle The milking operations to be mechanized and the premises should have online video cameras with Broad band connectivity for better monitoring and data flow in the state / district server. The quality of the milk to be monitored for fat content and the cattle farmers who have contributed with their cattle will get proportionate financial returns and benefits. Insurance coverage for the cattle and minimum support price for the procurement of milk and milk products The chillers in the District to be activated and high value milk products to be processed and produced Analyze possibility of meat packaging and processing units (a major foreign revenue earner for the neighbouring countries)

RTO

Employment Generation in Local transport

Number of Taxis in the District: 219 Number of permits issued in the district

URBAN
Kurkheda Dhanora Armori Vadsa Korchi Gadchiroli Chamorshi Aheri Mulchera Bhamragarh Etapalli Sironcha 17 6 29 44 0 35 44 5 3 0 5 0 188

RURAL
3 3 3 0 8 7 2 5 0 0 0 31

TOTAL
20 6 32 47 0 43 51 7 8 0 5 0 219

% OF TOTAL
9.13 2.74 14.61 21.46 0 19.63 23.29 3.2 3.65 0 2.28 0 100

Regional Disparity in Transport facilities

Number of Auto Rickshaws: 479 All India Tourist Bus: 36 Luxury Taxis: 18

REMARKS Blocks with more than 8 % (Approximately 100%/ 12 blocks) Taxis of the total taxis running in the district are shown by Green Colour. 88.13% of the taxis are registered in 5 blocks 3 blocks are having a NIL registered taxi and other 4 have less than 8 taxis each to cover over 300 sq km

Some Best Practices in Employment Generation

Employment Generation in Rural Areas- Farm Activities Contract Farming Soil Health Management Horticulture- Cost Effective Wooded Green House Structures for Off Season horticulture production Use of Biotechnology for Employment Generation- Vermi-composting etc. Watershed Development Effective Land Management Modernizing Irrigation Systems Precision Farming Weather based Agro Advisory Agriculture Extension- Mixed Cropping Enhancement of Rice Produce by System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in Rainfed Area

(DETAILES given in the Main Report)

Other Agriculture based Employment Generation Initiatives

Seed Management Integrated Pest Management Agricultural Credit Carbon Credit Post Harvest Management Agro-Processing

Other Employment Generation Initiatives in Rural Areas

Animal Husbandry, Dairying, and Fisheries Satellite based Information on Potential Fishing Zones Contract farming in livestock and fisheries Human Resource Development of Tribals and other isolated groups
preservation Handicrafts Making Tailoring and knitting Mushroom Cultivation etc. Cattle Ranches Bee keeping
(DETAILES given in the Main Report)
Food

Building Forest Based Employment Infrastructure

Forestry extension- Afforestation Effective Usage of Forest Resources- Silk, Tasar, Paper Pulp etc Building Model Forest Villages Capacity Building and Empowerment of Women Self-help Groups through Micro-credit and Social Mobilization Artificial recharge of groundwater: Nirmal Neer movement in Gujarat Desertification Control Development of small tree-based farming systems by combining high-value, high-quality agri-horti-forestry plantation on tribal smallholder lands to support the Indigenous People (Adivasi)

Action Plan for Employment Generation

Ornamental Fish Farming

Ornamental fish keeping and its propagation has been an interesting activity for many, which provide not only aesthetic pleasure but also

Sl. No. I. A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. C. 1. 2. 3. 4 II.

Item

Amount (in Rupees)

financial openings. About

600 ornamental fish species

have been reported

worldwide from various

aquatic environments. Indian

waters possess a rich diversity

of ornamental fish, with over

100 indigenous varieties, in addition to a similar number of exotic species that are bred in captivity

Expenditure Fixed Capital Low cost shed of 300 sq. ft. area (bamboo frame with net covering) Breeding tank (6 x 3 x 16, cemented, 4 nos) Rearing tank (6 x 4 x 2, cemented, 2 nos) Brood stock tank (6 x 4 x 2, cemented, 2 nos) Larval tank (4 x 16 x 1, cemented, 8 nos) Bore-well with 1 hp pump Oxygen cylinder with accessories (1 no) Sub-total Variable Cost 800 female, 200 male (@ Rs. 2.50/pc. of guppy, molly, swordtail & platy) Feed (150 kg/yr @ Rs. 20/kg) Different types of nets Electricity/fuel (@ Rs. 250/month) Perforated plastic breeding basket (20 nos @ Rs. 30/pc.) Wages (@ Rs. 1000/month) Miscellaneous expenditure Sub-total Total Cost Variable cost Interest on fixed capital (15% per annum) Interest on variable cost (15% half yearly) Depreciation (20% of fixed cost) Grand-total Gross Income Sale of 76800 nos. fish @ Rs. 1/pc., reared for one month (@ 40 nos/female/cycle from 3 cycles/year, and considering survival of 80%)
Net Income (Gross income Total cost)

10,000 10,000 5,600 5,600 9,600 8,000 5,000 53,800 2,500 3,000 1,500 3,000 600 12,000 2,000 24,600 24,600 8,070 1,845 10,780 45,295 76,800

III.

31,505

Employment Generation Activities

Freshwater Pearl Culture Pearl is a natural gem and is produced by a mollusc. While the demand of pearls in India and elsewhere is increasing, their supplies from nature have reduced due to over exploitation and pollution. India is importing a large amount of cultured pearls every year from international market to meet the domestic demand. In nature, a pearl is formed when a foreign particle viz., piece of sand, insects, etc. by chance enters into the body of mussel and the mussel cannot reject that out and instead makes a shiny coating on the particle layer by layer. This simple phenomenon is being exploited in pearl culture practices.

Sl. No. I. A. 1. 2.

Item

Amount (Rupees in lakhs)

Expenditure Fixed Capital Operation shed (12 m x 5 m) Mussel holding tanks (20 ferro-cement/FRP tanks of 200 l capacity @ Rs.1,500/tank) 3. Culture units (PVC pipe and floats) 4. Surgical sets (4 sets @ Rs 5,000/set) 5. Furniture for surgical facilities (4 sets) Sub-total B. Variable Costs 1. Pond lease value (for 11/2 year crop) 2. Mussels (25,000 nos @ Re 0.5/ mussel) 3. Design pearl nuclei (50,000 nos for double implantation @ Rs 4/nucleus) 4. Skilled workers for implantation (3 persons for 3 months @ Rs. 6,000/person/month) 5. Wages (2 persons for 1 years @ Rs 3,000/person/month for farm maintenance and watch & ward) 6. Fertilisers, lime and other miscellaneous costs 7. Post-harvest processing of pearls (9,000 design pearls @ Rs.5/pearl) Sub-total C. Total Costs 1. Total variable costs 2. Interest on variable cost (@15% half yearly) 3. Depreciation cost on fixed capital (for 1 years @ 10% yearly) 4. Interest on fixed capital (for 1 year @15% per annum) Grand Total II. Gross Income 1. Returns on sale of pearls (30,000 pearls from 15,000 harvested mussels considering 60% survival) Design pearls (Grade-A 10% of total) 3,000@ Rs 150/pearl Design pearls (Grade-B) (20% of total) 6,000 @ Rs. 60/pearl Gross Return III. Net Income (Gross Income - Total Costs)

1.00 0.30

1.50 0.20 0.10 3.10

0.15 0.125 2.00 0.54 1.08 0.30 0.45 4.645 4.645 0.348 0.465 0.465 5.923

4.50 3.60 8.10 2.177

Employment Generation Activities

Grow-Out Carp Culture (Culturing in Ponds) Gadchiroli has good potential of Carp Culture in the Inland Ponds, many of the times of old Zamindari period owning to their large size. Farmers cooperatives could be trained and given the lease (through available option for funding of the projects like NABARD) for operating these projects.

Sl. No. I. A. 1. 2.

Items Expenditure Variable Cost Pond lease value Bleaching powder (10 ppm chlorine)/other toxicants Fingerlings (8,000 nos) Manures and fertilizers Supplementary feed (rice bran and groundnut oil cake mixture, 6 tonnes @ Rs 7,000/tonne) Wages (150 man-days @ Rs.50/man-day for management and harvesting) Miscellaneous expenditure Sub-total

Amount (in Rupees)

10,000 2,500 4,000 6,000 42,000

7,500 2000 74,000

3. 4. 5.
6. 7.

Carps have been the mainstay of culture practice in India and it is the three Indian major carps viz., Catla, Rohu and Mrigal together with three other exotic carps viz., silver carp, grass carp and common carp contribute over 85% of the aquaculture production of the country.

B. Total Cost 1. Variable cost 2. Interest on recurring expenditure 15% half yearly Grand Total II. Gross Income From sale of 4 tonnes of fish @ Rs. 30/kg

74,000 5,550 (Approx) 80,000

1,20,000

III. Net Income (Gross return - Total cost)

40,450

Employment Generation Activities

Fresh Water Prawn (Indian River Prawn) Culture

Sl. No.

Item (Economic of Hatchery 2 million Capacity)

Amount (in Rupees)

A.

Currently, fishing for prawns, Macrobrachium malcomsoni in the perennial rivers forms an important feature of fisheries activity. The fishery is conducted during the period April-June, mainly at Sironcha on the Pranhita river where the catch is estimated to yield 10,000 kg. of prawns, and on a small scale at Bamani and Ghugus villages on the Wardha river, Naigaram, Kaleshwar, Somnur, and Konapatt on the Godavari river. Prawn fishing is mainly conducted by cast nets. Since Gadchiroli has excellent river network in its entire Western Boundary, Southern and South- Eastern boundaries with Wainganga, Godavari and a number of other rivers, it has excellent potential for fresh water prawn cultivation.

I.Expenditure Fixed Capital 1.Construction of brood stock pond (0.2 ha, 2 nos) 2.Hatchery shed (10 m x 6 m) 3.Larval rearing tank (12 units cemented, 1000 l) 4.Drainage system with PVC pipe 5.Bore-well 6.Water storage tank (capacity 20,000 l) 7.Electrical installation 8.Air-blowers (5 hp, 2 nos) 9.Aeration pipe networking system 10.Generator (5 KVA) 11.Water pumps (2 hp) 12.Refrigerator 13.Miscellaneous expenditure Sub-total B.Variable Cost 1.Broodstock development including feed 2.Transportation of seawater 3.Feed (Artemia & prepared feed) 4.Chemical & medicines 5.Electricity and fuel 6.Wages (One Hatchery Manager & 4 skilled laborers) 7.Miscellaneous expenses Sub-total C.Total Cost 1.Variable cost 2.Depreciation cost on fixed capital @ 10% yearly 3.Interest on Fixed Capital I@15% per annum Grand Total II.Gross Income Sale of 2 million seed (@ Rs.500/1000 PL)

50,000 2,20,000 1,00,000 20, 000 40, 000 40, 000 30, 000 1,50,000 40,000 60,000 30,000 10,000 30,000 8,20,000 50,000 20,000 2,30,000 10,000 40,000 1,80,000 50,000 5,80,000 5,80,000 82,000 1,23,000 785,000 10,00,000

Project Profitability in rearing of EMU

Employment Generation Activities

EMU Farming EMU Hatcheries have become important over the years in India because the entire bird is of use to man and there is absolutely no waste from it. Emu meat has high content of proteins in it and is 98% fat free too. Doctors recommend this Emu meat for diabetic and heart patients. Emu oil is extracted from the bird, this oil has many medicinal properties. It can be used for treating more than 105 different skin ailments, burns and joint pains etc. Emu oil is widely used in pharmaceutical companies. Emu feathers, toe nails and skin are used widely in the fashion industry. The exceptionally durable, supple and breathable leather is crafted into beautiful goods. Mature emu breeder hens can produce 20 - 50 chicks each year (October to April season) and can be productive for 20 years or more, making them far more profitable than traditional livestock.

(Rates are approximations based on market prices) Investment 10 pairs of 3 month old Emu Birds at 20,000/- per pair will cost about 2 lakh INR to start with. The cost of the fencing is 50,000/- INR (5000 sq.ft). This is a onetime investment. The cost of feed for the 10 Emu Birds- Rs 60,000 to 70,000 INR per year. The total cost of startup comes to around INR 320,000 plus the cost of the farm land.

Returns
An Emu bird usually starts laying eggs after 18 months of its birth and a bird usually lays between 10 eggs between October to March each year. So, the first season of birds will lay about 100 eggs. The second season can give up to 200 eggs and the third season will give more than 300 eggs each. After third season 10 pair will give 300+ eggs every season for 30 years.

According to this model, one can have returns of up to 600,000 INR each year. Since according to the market rates the cost per EMU egg is 2000/- INR and this will only increase with time.
One can expect this income for the next 30 years because that is the lifespan on an Emu bird.

Employment Generation Activities

Rabbit Farming The advantages of rabbit farming are i) Rabbits are highly prolific in nature ii) Consume a large amount of forages from diverse origins and so can be reared on small amounts of costly concentrates. iii) They can be reared in the kitchen garden/backyard of farmer's house iv) Initial investment cost is low v) Quick returns i.e. six months after the establishment of farm vi) Income generation at quarterly interval makes the repayment easy. vii) Apart from providing wool, rabbits also provide income from manure etc. viii) Residual feed, together with rabbit manure is highly suitable for vermicompost Piggery Because of the low price of the pork and fast weight gaining of the pigs, this is quite popular in the families with lower income. The advantages of the pig farming are: The pig has got highest feed conversion efficiency i.e. they produce more live weight gain from a given weight of feed. The pig can utilise wide variety of feed stuffs viz. grains, forages, damaged feeds and garbage and convert them into valuable nutritious meat. They are prolific with shorter generation interval. They produce 6-12 piglets in each farrowing. Pig farming requires small investment on buildings and equipments Pigs are known for their meat yield, which in terms of dressing percentage ranges from 65 - 80 in comparison to other livestock species whose dressing yields may not exceed 65%. Pork is most nutritious with high fat and low water content. It is rich in vitamins like thiamin, Niacin and riboflavin.

Employment Generation Activities- Economics of Piggery

Units 3+1 1. Three foreign breed female piglets(9 months old) 2.One foreign breed pig (nine month old) 6+1 20 @ 850/- per pig Rs 17000 Rs.3000 Rs. 3000

Rs.7500 Rs. 15000

3.Feed Expenses
4.For the construction of shed

Rs. 8000 Rs. 30000 (For 4 months) Rs 13500

Rs.8000 Rs. 16000 Rs 14400

Open Space
5.For Equipments 6.For insurance, diet, etc. (20% of total diet expenditure) 7.Miscellaneous Rs.500 Rs.500 Rs. 1000 Rs. 1000

Rs 10000

Rs 4000

Rs 3000

Total

Rs 27500 Rs. 66000

Approx Rs 62000

Employment Generation Activities- Economics of Dairy farming

Purpose with specification Size of unit Cost of Animals (Amount in Rs.) Transport Shed Cost Insuran Feed Cost Misc. Cost Special Total Unit Cost Cost ce of (Equipment, Equipment Unit Animal Medicine) ) Cost s 600 900 * * 1224 1836 1350 2025 600 900 39774 59661 39800 59700

CB Cows (Avg. 2 (1+1) yield 9 litres/day) 3 (2+1)

36000 54000

CB Cows (Avg. yield 10 litres/day

5 (3+2)
10 (5+5) 2 (1+1) 3 (2+1) 5 (3+2) 10 (5+5)

100000
200000 40000 60000 100000 200000

2000
4000 600 900 2000 4000

32000
64000 * * 32000 64000

3400
6800 1360 2040 3400 6800

4050
8100 1350 2025 4050 8100

1500
3000 600 900 1500 3000 #

3500 @ 146450 146500

700 @ 20000 292900 292900 43910 65865 43900 65900

Buffaloes (Avg. yield 7 litres / day) Buffaloes (Avg. yield 10 litres / day)

142950 143000 305900 305900

@= Cooling System for CB Cows unit #= Wallowing tank for Buffaloes unit * = Availability of sheds to be ensured / financed by bank for all units Repayment Period for all above categories : 5 years Loan installments : Monthly / Quarterly Grace period : One month

Mushroom Cultivation
A model scheme for cultivation of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.) with commercial viability and bankability has been prepared by NABARD keeping in view the agroclimatic conditions and other related aspects for successful cultivation of the mushroom and its subsequent marketing. Cultivation of mushroom can be taken up on a large scale by individual entrepreneurs. The agroclimatic conditions as well as local availability of raw material makes mushroom cultivation an economically viable proposition. Mushrooms contain ample amounts of proteins, vitamins and fibre apart from having certain medicinal properties. Mushroom contains 2035% protein (dry weight) which is higher than those of vegetables and fruits and is of superior quality.

Project Cost - Oyster Mushroom (1000 kg/cycle) A 1 2 a. b. c. d. f. Fixed costs Temporary Shed :20'x12'x6'(240 sq.ft.) Equipments Racks Bamboos for racks Knap sack Sprayer : One Vessels, heating equipment Misc.(for knives, trays, rope etc.) Sub-total B Operational cost (per cycle) Paddy Straw Cost of bags Cost of pasteurization Cost of Bavistin & Formaldehyde Spawn cost Labour Charges Fuel / Power cost Lumpsum (Amount Rs.) 12000 2000 1600 2000 500 500 18600

1800 2400 1200 750 6000 2250 4000

Sub-total
C Total Cost (A + B)

18400
37000

Sl. No.

Particulars
Ploughing operations Final land preparation

Sericulture

Value (Rs.)
1500.00 400.00

1 2

Sericulture is an agro industry (combining both agriculture and industry), the end product of which is silk. It is a labour intensive activity providing direct and indirect employment to a large number of families. India has the unique distinction of producing all the four varieties of silk viz., mulberry, muga, tasar and eri. About 14% of the global raw silk is produced in India, of which more than 50% is mulberry silk. Silk in its various forms is also exported and this sector is one of the important foreign exchange earner for the

3
4 5

Farm yard manure (8 tones) @ Rs.500/T.

Mulberry plants- 6000 saplings @ Rs.0.50/sapling Making trenches with tractor (4hr) and planting

4000.00
3000.00 2200.00

Fertilizer (100 kg Ammonium sulphate; 125 kg Single super phosphate and 35 kg Murate of photash)

1036.00

Fertilizer application charges

120.00

8
9 10

Irrigation
Hoeing/Weeding 3 times Miscellaneous expenditure Total

1500.00
1800.00 500.00 16056.00

Cost and returns structure in silkworm rearing

Sl.No A. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B. Particulars Variable Costs Leaf Dfls (1500 dfls) Disinfectants Labour (@ 25 MD/100 dfls) Transportation and marketing Other costs Interest on working capital Total variable costs Fixed costs Depreciation and interest on fixed costs Total costs Revenue Cocoon yield Average cocoon price Cocoon production Income from cocoon Income from by-products Total revenue Net revenue Cost/revenue 32781.00 4200.00 7425.00 16875.00 1580.00 500.00 305.80 63666.80 21570.33 85237.13

C.

60.00 120.00 900.00 108000.00 5400.00 113400.00 28162.87

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

Identification of Activities to be undertaken in the district in line with the key resources (Agriculture and Allied Activities, Forest, Electronics and electrical, Manual Labour/ Mechanics, Contemporary Skills)
Agriculture Based Activities Agriculture Development- Soil Testing, Seed Testing, IEC activities for the farmers, and Insurance coverage benefits Plant Nursery development Greenhouse Development Mushroom production Food Processing and Preservation Oil Seed Extraction and Rice Bran Preparation Food Product and Nutrition Training Mango and other fruit (Borkut) Processing Agro Based Processing including Cashew and Soya Processing Organic Farming/ Wormiculture Agri Predominant Talukas Forest Predominant Talukas Mixed Economic Activities Map Index

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

Fisheries based Activities Aquarium and Ornamental Fish breeding Artificial Pearl Culture Grow- Out Carp Culture Fresh Water Carp Culture Forest based Activities Bamboo Cultivation Training Forest based production, reprocessing and marketing Honey collection and processing Charoli collection and processing Lac collection and processing Gum Collection and Processing Mohua Flower processing Tendu Leaves Product (like Plates) Preparation Training Tamarind, Amla, Harra, Beheda and medicinal plants processing Packaging of Forest Produce

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

Animal Husbandry based Activities Livestock Assistant Milk Product Processing Training Emu, Duck, Hen and other poultry production Cattle, Pig, Rabbit, Goat, Sheep and other Livestock production Dog Breeding Farm Running Cattle Ranches Small Scale Business Activities Silk Yarn- Spinning and Weaving Aluminum Doors and Windows Fabrication Low Cost Instrument development for rural usage Cooperative/ Group Based Business Activities Sanitary Toilets construction and installation training Ash Based low Cost brick making training

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

House Hold Activities & Individual Beneficiary Based Business

Activities

Tailoring and Cutting Employment Assistant (Rojgar Sevak) Hand Pump Repairing Solar power instrument mechanic Mobile Phone repairing Mechanic Domestic Appliance Repairing Mechanic Welder Training Wall Painter Training Masonry Training Low cost housing preparation training Plumbing Bamboo Craftsmen Training Photography and Videography Training Beauty Parlour and Hair Saloon Training Security Guard Training Leather Processing Training 4-wheeler driving training 2&3 wheeler driving training Automobile Repairing Garage Training Tractor, Tempo, Auto engineering/ servicing training Diesel Engine Repairing training

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

Computer/ Literacy Based Business Activities Computer Training Advertising and Marketing Training Insurance Agent Training Local Potential like Tourism based Activities Running Tent House and providing boats on rentals in Sironcha & Chamorshi for boating Tourist Guide Training- Educating on Gadchiroli Tourist Heritage Life Saver Training Driver and Translator/ Interpreter training Adventure Sport expert training Forest Safari Guide Training Running Mobile Catering Service for quality food products in Chamorshi & Sironcha temples Running Sanitary Toilet services in Religious and other Tourist Spots

Training Plan in Gadhiroli

The objective of this training exercise is to upgrade the human resource skills for ensuring: increased income generation to them by engaging in more financially rewarding activities and improving the living standards of the BPL families in the underdeveloped areas of the district

For the purpose of providing high standard training to the beneficiaries, it is extremely important to engage highly qualified Government and Private institutions and individuals working in those sectors, which could included Professional Recognized Training Agencies and Institutions like ITIs NGOs involved in training of man power development and in rural development and employment fields Corporate Houses working in rural areas for procurement of rural and forest produce and which could be interested in procurement activities

Phase wise Training

Phase 1 of the Training Initiative- Local Survey for estimation of the local resource potential, main livelihood activities and potential of activities that can be undertaken locally. This could also be combined with Gram Sabha Meetings for selection of trainings needed in that Gram Panchayat and the most deserving trainees

Phase 2 of the Training Initiative- Centralized Master Trainer Training for development of master trainers or training schedule development for Taluka or Gram Panchayat level training.
Phase 3 of the Training Initiative- Field Level training sessions for all the beneficiaries at the Gram Panchayats or at the selected training institutions. Phase 4 of the Training Initiative- Field level support for the beneficiaries for using the training skills in their profession and providing support in the sale / marketing of their products. One NGO would act as the LEAD NGO for that Gram Panchayat, selected on the basis of main training activity identified by that GP for its SHGs. The lead NGO should have demonstrated and certified training skills, experience and trainers for such identified training- for being selected for this role.

Training Budget
Total Number of Man power to be trained In 467 Gram Panchayats 2 Groups of 15 members each, preferably from women, SC/ST and financially weaker sections of the society. 15 individuals in diverse skills to cater the local needs of the Gram Panchayat for day to day requirements Total persons to be trained= (467*30) +(467*15)= 14010+7005= 21015 Funds available @ Rs 50000 per trainee
Beneficiaries
Families with small and marginal land holdings SC & ST Families All the Families should be included in BPL

Families with no cultivable land

Other Contingencies Approximate budget for NGOs- 1 crore (approximately Rs 20,000/- per Gram Panchayat). TO work out the economies of scale for the operations of NGO, NGOs could be selected exclusively for 1 Taluka each. Approximate budget for other Training expenses including administrative expenses and Government / ITI trainers- Rs 1 crore.

Pilots for larger Projects- 1 per Taluka

The courses or the field implementation projects which the district

should begin as Pilots should include:

Rice Production by SRI Method Vermicomposting Mushroom Cultivation Cattle Ranch

Similarly, the following projects will require full time experts atleast

for a year to stay in district and work with the beneficiaries on their projects, till the time they become competent and skilled in their trades:

Sericulture Bee keeping Carp Farming Prawn Culture Ornamental Fish Farming and Fresh Water Pearl Culture

Utilize Physical Infrastructure of ITIs and some trainees could be

sent to Training Institutions in the other states

Thank You