JETKING

GET READY FOR THE INDUSTRY

1. What is hardware?
A) The physical components of a system which can to touched and feel is called hardware

2. What is cache memory? And its types? A) It is small and fast memory which stores the data that is required for the processor for processing. B) L1, L2 &L3. 3. What is the difference between DDR1, DDR2 & DDR3? VOLTAGE PINS DDR 1 2.5 184 266/333/400 MHz DDR 2 1.8 240 DDR 3 1.5 240

FSB

533/667/800MHz 1066/1333/1600/1866MHz

4. What is the difference between core 2 duo and dual core? DUAL CORE: separate cache memory for each core. CORE 2 DUO: shared cache for both cores. 5. Name some processor manufactures? Intel, AMD. AMD: Advanced Micro Devices 6. What are the latest processor of Intel and AMD? 7. What is file system and what is the example for the same? It defines the way in which files or folders are named, stored and organized. FAT (File Allocation Table), FAT32 & NTFS (New Technology File System) 8. What is the difference between FAT32 and NTFS?

FAT 32 Cluster 4KB No security and quota options are available in this file system. 4tb(tera byte)volume size Max file size is 4GB

NTFS Cluster 4KB Security and quota options are available in this file system. volume size can be of 16eb(exa byte) Max file 16TB minus 64KB

9. Converting NTFS to FAT? Conver driveletter:/fs ntfs (Example: convert c:/fs ntfs)

10. What do you mean by formatting and its types? It is a process of erasing data or creating tracks and sectors and selecting the file system is called formatting. Low level formatting and high level formatting. Low level formatting: creating tracks and sectors is called low level formatting and it is also called as physical formatting. High level formatting: selecting the file system is called high level formatting and it is also called as logical formatting. 11. How many USB devices can a single pc support? 127 12. How many PCI devices can we attach to single pc? It depends upon the mother board manufactures. 13. What do you mean by track, sector and cluster? Concentric circles on the disk are called tracks. Sector is the part of track and the size of the sector is 512bytes. Cluster is a group of sectors. 14. What is the size of sector? 512 bytes 15. What is MBR and what does it contains? MBR stands for Master Boot Record. First sector of the hard disk is called MBR. It contains list of bootable files of O.S and partition information. 16. What do you mean by SMPS? What is the function of SMPS? List out the different voltages given by SMPS? SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply): it is used to convert AC to DC. Voltage Blue -12 V white -5 V black 0 orange +3.3 V red +5 V yellow +12 V

17. List out the different connectors of SMPS and its uses? Molex, ATX 20/24pin, Mini plug 4pin, Mini or Berg 4pin, SATA power connector. 18. What is BUS? BUS is the interface through which data is transferred. 19. What is FSB & BSB? FSB (Front Side Bus): it is the path used by the processor to communicate with RAM. BSB (Back Side Bus): it is the path between L2 cache and L3 cache 20. What do you mean by jumper setting in IDE devices? It is used to set master and slave configuration.

21. What is the difference between IDE & SATA? SATA(Serail Advanced Technology Aattachment) it is 7 pin it transfer the data 1 bit at a time with a speed of 600Mbps we can connect 1 device for one cable max SATA cable length is 1M

IDE(Interated Drive Electronic) it has 40 pin it transfer the data 16bit at a time with a spped of 100/133Mbps we can connect 2 IDE devices to single cable max IDE cable length is 45CM

22. What do you mean by RAID and its types? RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk) or (Redundant Array of Independent Disk): it is used for fault tolerance. Fault Tolerance provides continuous availability for data. 23. What is the speed of USB 2.0 and USB3.0? 480Mbps and 5000Mbps. 24. List out the different I/O ports of mother board with uses and no of pins? 25. What is BIOS and what is the function of BIOS? BIOS (Basic Input Output System) The BIOS software is built into the PC, and is the first code run by a PC when powered on ('boot firmware'). The primary function of the BIOS is to set up the hardware and load and start an operating system 26. What is the function of Northbridge and south bridge? North Bridge: it controls the communication between RAM, AGP and processor. South bridge: it controls the communication between other parts of the mother board. 27. My monitor display a message Please check signal cable what might be problem and how to troubleshoot the problem? VGA cable not connected, VGA cable problem, VGA port problem, RAM or RAM slot problem. Note: if the monitor is displaying frequency out of range or HZ symbol then problem with resolution. 28. My monitor display a message Disk boot failure or insert boot media and select proper boot device what might be problem and how to troubleshoot the problem? Hard disk power or data cable is not connected. IDE/SATA on board interfaces may be disable in BIOS. O.S not available. 29. My pc is continuously restarting what might be the problem? Virus. VIRUS stands for (Vital Information Resource Under Seize)

30. My pc is restarting after certain time? What might be the problem? Overheating. Apply heat sink paste also called as thermal compound and also check CPU fan. 31. What is fire wire port? IEEE standard for fire wire? It is used to transfer videos and photos at high speed. IEEE standard for fire wire is IEEE 1394a(400Mbps) and IEEE 1394b(800mbps) 32. What are IRQ lines? IRQ(Interrupt ReQuest) lines: this are the lines used by the processor to communicate with the other devices. 33. What is the difference between IDE and SCSI? SCSI(Small Computer System Interface) 58,68 and 80pin hard disk rotation speed is 1000 to 15000RPM data transmission speed is 320Mbps. it depends up on the cable. Max 32 devices max SATA cable length is 25M

IDE(Interated Drive Electronic) it has 40 pin

hard disk rotation speed is 7200RPM

data transmission speed is 100/133Mbps we can connect 2 IDE devices to single cable max IDE cable length is 45CM

34. What is SCSI? Small Computer System Interface 35. MODEM stands for? What is the function of modem? MODEM stands for Modulation and Demodulation. MODEM is used to convert digital signal to analog signal and vice versa. 36. Blue screen of death what might be problem? It may be problem drivers compatibility or RAM problem or Bad sectors. 37. Edition of OS(XP,Vista& WIN 7) XP XP-Home XP-Professional VISTA home basic home premium Business enterprise Ultimate WINDOWS-7 Starter home basic home premium professional business enterprise ultimate

38. Min requirement to install operating system WINDOWS-7 for all 1 GB 1.0GHz 15 GB

RECOMDED RAM PROCESSOR HARD DISK

XP for all 128MB 300MHz 2GB

VISTA for all 1 GB 1.0GHz 15 GB

39. Types of user Accounts ? Administrator, standard and guest. 40. What is kernel? What is the kernel file for windows? Kernel is the interface between hardware and O.S NTOSKRNL is the kernel files for windows. 41. What is shell? Shell is the interface between kernel and hardware. 42. What do you mean by booting? Booting is the process of downloading OS form hard disk to RAM. 43. What do you mean by cold booting and worm booting? Cold booting: Starting the computer by turning power on is called cold booting. Warm booting: Restarting the computer by performing a reset operation (pressing reset, CtrlAlt-Del, etc.) while the computer is still turned on 44. What do you mean by dual booting? It is the process of selecting operating system is called dual booting if multiple O.S is installed. 45. What are the bootable files for XP, VISTA & WINDOWS-7? XP: NTLDR, Boot.ini VISTA & WINDOWS-7: Bootmgr, winresume.exe and winload.exe 46. How to update windows? Control panel security setting windows update 47. What do you mean by updates? Process of downloading new features is called updates. 48. What is the I.E version of XP, VISTA & WIN-7? XP-6.0, VISTA-7.0 and WIN-7 8.0 49. What does u mean by service pack? Service pack is a collection of updates and hot fixes. A hot fix is code (sometimes called a patch) that fixes a bug in a product a bug is a coding error in a computer program. 50. What is antivirus? Types of antivirus? Antivirus is a program which is used to detect and delete the virus. 51. What is the difference between remote desktop and remote assistance? By using remote desktop only single user can interact with the desktop where as in remote assistance both users can interact with same desktop.

52. What is Backup? Types of backups? Creating a duplicate copy of an existing data is called backup. XP: normal backup, daily backup, copy backup, incremental backup and differential backup. Vista/win-7: normal and incremental backup. 53. What is the difference between incremental and differential backup? Incremental backup takes more time for backup and restoration is fast where as in differential backup it takes less time for backup and more time for restoration. 54. What is the difference between backup and copy? COPY size of data will be same modification is possible copy cannot be schedule automatic restoration is not possible to its original location BAKCUP it will compress the size it does not allow you to modified backup can be schedule we can restore the data to its original location dynamically

55. What is re store point? A restore point is a saved "snapshot" of a computer's data at a specific time By creating a restore point, you can save the state of the operating system and your own data so that if future changes cause a problem, you can restore the system and your data to the way it was before the changes were made 56. What is last known good configuration?
The Last Known Good Configuration is basically a copy of a computers hardware configuration and its driver settings. It is taken from the systems registry readings when a computer has a good, clean boot up. This copy is made for whenever a computer fails to boot up successfully. When that happens, the systems operating system is able to pull up the good copy and perform a successful startup.

57. What are the features of windows 7? Windows aero, improved graphics, I.E version 8.0, virtual hard disk, windows power shell and bit drive locker. 58. What is bit locker drive? It is a feature in win-7 which is used to protect the drive by assigning password. 59. What is printer and types of printer? Printer is a output device which is used to convert softcopy into hardware copy. Types of printers: impact and non-impact Impact dot matrix Non-impact laser, inkjet. 60. What is print spooler? A software program responsible for managing all print jobs currently being sent to the Computer printer

61. What is partition and types of partitions? 62. What is the difference between partitions and volume?
a. Volume - logical interface used by an operating system to access data stored b. Partition- is the act of dividing a hard disk drive into multiple logical storage

63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98.

What is the difference between basic disk and dynamic disk? What is defragmentation? What is roll back drivers? What is device driver? And types? What is the use of device manager? What is ICS? What are the display problems? What do you mean by booting? And its types? What is network and its types? What is networking? What is protocol? What is port no? what are the port no for DHCP,DNS,FTP,HTTP,TFTP,Telnet,SMTP,POP3 &IMAP? What is telnet? What is the function of application layer? What are the protocols works at application layer? What is the function of presentation layer? What are the protocols works at presentation layer? What is the function of session layer? What are the protocols works at session layer? What is the function of transport layer? Transport layer is also called as ___________ layer? What are the protocols works at transport layer? What is the function of network layer? What are the protocols works at network layer? What are the devices works at network layer? What is the function of data link layer? What are the sub layers of data link layer? What are the protocols works at data link layer? What are the devices works at data link layer? What is the function of physical layer? What are the devices works at physical layer? At which layer error will be detected? At which layer error will be corrected? What is FTP and its function? What is TFTP and its function? What is SMTP and its function?

99. What is ARP and RARP? 100. What is POP & IMAP with its functions? 101. What is the difference between hub and switch? 102. What is the difference between switch and router? 103. What is the difference between UDP & TCP? 104. What do you mean by topology? 105. What are the types of topology? 106. Which cable support maximum distance and maximum speed? 107. What is the max speed and distance supported by UTP cable and its types? 108. What is the difference between cat5, cat5e, cat6 and cat7? 109. What is IP address? Types of IP address? 110. What is the difference between IPV4 and IPV6? 111. What is subnet mask and what are the default subnet mask for class A, class B and class C? 112. What are the private IP address for class A, class B and class C? 113. What do you mean by Ethernet? 114. What is wireless network? 115. What are the IEEE standards for wireless network? 116. What is WPA, WEP and SSID in wireless network? 117. What are the devices used to create wireless network? 118. What is MAC address? 119. What are the commands to view the MAC address? 120. What is the difference between IP address and MAC address? 121. What is the max distance supported by fiber optic cable? 122. What is host and node? 123. What is server and client? 124. What is the difference between 2003 and 2008 server? 125. What is domain? 126. What is work group? 127. What is domain controller? 128. What is active directory? 129. Where does active directory database is stored? 130. What are the protocols for active directory and port no s? 131. What is sysvol? 132. What is tree and forest? 133. Where the domain user information does is stored? 134. Where the local user information does is stored? 135. When a pc is called as active directory? 136. What is FSMO roles and how many types of FSMO Roles are there? 137. What is DCHP? What is the function of DHCP? 138. What do you mean by APIPA and its range? 139. What is the default lease period of IP address? 140. What do you mean by DHCP scope and what does it stores?

141. What do you mean by reservation, exclusion, address leases and address pool? 142. How to trouble shoot DHCP client? 143. What is DNS? What is the function of DNS? 144. What do you mean by zone in DNS and its types? 145. How to verify DNS is properly configure or not? 146. How to troubleshoot DNS client? 147. What are the features of Windows 2008 server? 148. What is IIS? 149. What is the version of IIS in 2003 and 2008? 150. What is CDC, ADC, RODC and NDEF? 151. What is terminal server? 152. What is DFS?
a. Distributed file system maintains the load balance between the file servers and allows users to access the data on file severs

153. What is Group policy? 154. What is OU? 155. What is VPN? And types? 156. What are the VPN protocols? 157. What is IP Sec?