Introduction to

Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition

Standard Edition:
For the everyday needs of small to large businesses Web Edition: For hosting and deploying Web services and applications File and print services Secure Internet connectivity Centralized management of network resources Supports up to two processors on an SMP computer Can utilize up to 4 GB of RAM

Supports up to two processors Can utilize up to 2 GB of RAM Optimized to run Microsoft Internet Information Services 6.0 Cannot manage network resources via hosting Active Directory Enterprise Edition: For networks requiring high-end servers and a high level of productivity Supports up to eight processors Supports up to 32 GB for x86 computers and up to 64 GB for Itanium computers Enables clustering of up to eight computer nodes Supports hot-add memory Provides Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) and Microsoft Metadirectory Services

Windows 2003 Features:

Centralized Administration and Management of Resources Active Directory service manages network resources. Objects stored in Active Directory are easily accessible to all users. Objects are grouped into units, domains, trees, forests, and sites. Remote system administration through one central location

Centralized Administration and Management of Resources Active Directory service manages network resources. Objects stored in Active Directory are easily accessible to all users. Objects are grouped into units, domains, trees, forests, and sites. Remote system administration through one central location

 Security
File and folder permissions Security policies Encryption and authentication Event auditing Server management and monitoring tools

Scalability and Compatibility

Scales to multiple processors Supports multiple user connections Up to 15,000 in the Standard Edition Compatible with many different operating systems and platforms IBM, Novell, UNIX, Linux, Banyan, DEC, Macintosh

Reliability
Kernel runs in privileged mode Legacy applications run within a virtual DOS machine Multitasking support Ability to run multiple programs at the same time Preemptive multitasking separates each programs memory areas Multithreading support Ability to run several program code blocks at the same time

Distributability
Divides computer functions across many computers Uses the Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) Software components can communicate over a network. Software applications can be integrated across several computers.

Fault Tolerance and Recovery

Recovery from hard disk failure through RAID Protection from data loss through backup Recovery from system configuration errors Protection from power outages Advanced warning about system and hardware problems Networks are communications systems linking computers and their resources. Physically connected by cables or wireless devices Can be local or worldwide Windows Server 2003 implements two types of networks. Peer-to-peer networking

Server-based networking Designed for ten or less workstations Only moderate network security Users manage their own account information. No centralized storage of information No centralized administration control Lack of management for users and critical files Inability to centrally back up important files Slower response times when sharing resources

Server Based Networking:

Users log in once to access resources. Stronger security because of server management Shared files by members Shared printers and other resources E-mail capability through an email server Applications stored in a central location Backups scheduled and performed from a central location Shared resources can reflect the work patterns of subgroups. More efficient software upgrades

Protocols in Windows 2003:

(TCP/IP) suite is most widely used. TCP IP Provides connection-oriented communication Sequencing, data flow, open/close sessions Provides network addressing Routes data over different networks A router reads IP addresses and forwards packets to the appropriate network.

Ip address:
32-bits long, with four fields of decimal values representing 8-bit binary octets Example: 10000001.00000101.00001010.01100100 converts to 129.5.10.100 in decimal format Divided into a network identifier and a host identifier Example: 192.168.1.40 is host 40 on subnet 198.162.1 Types of transmission Unicast: Sent from a server to each requesting client Multicast: Sent once from the server and reaching all requesting clients Broadcast: Sent to all points in a network

Default Gateway and Subnetmask:

Default Gateway IP address of the network router that connect to other networks Used when the destination computer is on another network Subnet masks Divide a network into sub-networks Show the class of address Example: Subnet mask for class A addresses: 255.0.0.0

IP Address considerations:
127.0.0.0 cannot be used for any network. 127.0.0.1 is the loopback address. Certain addresses are reserved for private network use (see Table 1-2). Network numbers cannot be assigned to a computer. The highest number on a network is reserved for broadcast messages.

Name Resolution:
Computers are usually referred to by name rather than IP address. NetBIOS names are used on older Windows-based systems. Use Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) or LMHosts files for resolution. TCP/IP networks use the Domain Name System (DNS). Windows servers offer Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS)

Physical Address and Address Resolution Protocol

Each workstation network interface card (NIC) has a physical address called the media access control (MAC) address. Local delivery of packets relies on MAC address a host must be able to determine the MAC address for every IP it wants to communicate with MAC addresses are obtained using the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).

Implementing TCP IP in Windows 2003

Installed by default in Windows Server 2003 Protocol of choice NetBEUI no longer supported Decide on static or dynamic addressing

Dynamic Addressing:
Requires a DHCP Server (Dynamic Host Control Protocol) DHCP saves administrative effort by assigning the following: IP address Subnet mask Default gateway DNS server

Automatic Private IP addressing:

If there is no DHCP server, an IP address in the range of 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254 is assigned. The computer can only communicate with others on the same network that are automatically configured. Disable automatic configuration through the registry, but use caution.

Static Addressing:
Use static addressing for routers, servers and other critical devices Static addressing can be done manually, but is error prone