SRMA 2011 ISBN 978-86-82631-59-0

One approach to creating engineering bill of materials

Miroslav Goji, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade Mentor: prof. dr Slobodan Radojevi, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade

Bill of Materials (BOM) is a list of materials and components of a product. BOM is a basis for production planning in a company. BOM in various forms can be applied to companies which are not related with production. Good design and optimizing BOM directly affects to the productivity of companies with no change in capacity of production facilities. The BOM can be roughly divided into generic bill of materials (GBOM) and engineering bill of materials (EBOM). BOM is basis for advanced lists of materials. GBOM is BOM adjusted for data analytical and EBOM is BOM adjusted for engineers. This paper presents the basis of the methodology for creation GBOM and influence EBOM on the functioning of BOM trough their implementation through the database. Keywords: bill of material, generic bill of material, engineering bill of material, database, production planning. I. INTRODUCTION subassemblies and assemblies that make up a product. Presentation of the actual data in databases is done through entities and relations. The data what are stored in a database, first must be processed (normalized) in order to save more effectively. By properly defining the database tables and relationships between tables, we can get a very efficient system what can accept the BOM in a modified form suitable for storing in the database. BOM stored in the database is not acceptable for use by the human; we must have a mediator, like query, who will create BOM list of product that can be readable by human. In this paper, it is shown on way of forming GBOM through the arranged couples, parent and child Fig.4. Adding attributes important for engineers we get an engineering bill of materials. Through the examples it is presented the work of pseudofunctions for formation EBOM on the base of defined GBOM.

BOM includes all the elements of structural, technological and operational production data, which define the product structure and technological process of production. BOM task is to control and manage of complex ways for obtaining assemblies from sub-assemblies, while is the calculations of required quantities for launch of the work order less important. BOM development is significantly influenced by computer science that allow quickly obtaining BOM of final product in the most diverse variants, with a large number of connections between data that are incurred in the production. Instead of requests for materials, BOM has become the basis for planning and managing resource in production. Engineers based on the BOM can analytically evaluate the quality of the product, and directly affect on the speed for getting new product. The study of BOM is a complex problem because it is a multidisciplinary field in which, with the computer is applied a simple tree data structure and easy calculation, and with engineers the problem is expressed by large amount of data that has been developed by the creation of new BOM for new products. Design of the basic BOM is a key activity in the definition of data for design and realization of the production process. The lowest element of the BOM, known as leaf, is material, while the highest element, known as root, is the finished product, and between them are materials, parts,
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I.

BOM ADDOPTION FOR DATABASE

For example on Fig.1 it is shown Bill of Materials (BOM) with one root and five levels.

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia, miroslavgojic@gmail.com



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MBOM is sBOM based on two levels, which according to Fig.1 and Fig.2 have the form shown in Fig.3.

Fig. 1 Bill of Materials (BOM) This BOM it show's set of leafs {3, 6, 7, 8, 9} and a, leaf three one time, leaf six two times, leaf seven three times, leaf eight three times and a leaf nine one time. Analyzing the given BOM we can see that is made from a leaf three {3} and two sub-BOM (sBOM). Fig. 3 MBOM as sBOM For the realization of a BOM which can be observed by computer is necessary to define a Generic Bill of Materials (GBOM), Fig.4.

Fig. 4 Basic table field Fig.4 also defined tree structure, which is assumed that is acyclic. In this definition we can simply add all the other attributes that characterize the Engineering Bill of Materials (EBOM). Fig.5 presents the Fig.1 through GBOM definition.

Fig. 2 Example of two sBOM, each sBOM is new BOM In Fig.2 we show that there are sBOM which are part of both, the now BOM. In complex BOM, finding common sBOM is very difficult; in more complex BOM it is practically impossible. Each BOM it is represent of finish product, an each sBOM in BOM as complex sub-assemble. Seeking for com's sBOM is primary task in Material Requirements Planning (MRP). Using computers it makes ease to improve BOM and lead to more developed finish products. This is achieved when the BOM is based on two level bill of materials or Modular Bill of Materials (MBOM).

Fig. 5 BOM in data structure notation Given data in Fig.5 we can pass through the self recursion pseudo-function r( ) defined in Fig.6.



One approach to creating engineering bill of materials

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EXAPMLE(t) = seek(EBOM(t),7) Function skip(arg1, arg2) has two arguments. The first argument arg1 is the name of the list, while the second argument arg2 is the integer value. The result of this function is the same list, but the pointer is moved for arg2. Let's give an example, Fig.9, in which we use skip(EXAMPLE(t), 1), then the result is given in Fig.10. Fig. 6 Self recursion pseudo-function r( ) As we see the function seek (arg1, arg2) has two arguments. The first argument arg1 is the name of the table with MBOM. The second argument arg2 is a value that is found by index in MBOM table. The results of function seek( ) is a list, which is a subset of EBOM. If the function r( ) has already been called, the result of the last call is added to previous result. The pointer is set on the list, by default at first element of a list that was last added. Also the result of function r( ) may be an empty list (NILL). For example, Fig.7, EXAMPLE(t) = seek (EBOM (t), 5) is assuming it has been invited by arguments seek(EBOM (t), 4).

Fig. 10 Results from execution skip(EXAMPLE(t), 1)

II.

CONCLUSION

Fig. 7 Results from execution EXAPMLE(t) = seek(EBOM(t),5) If on the result from Fig.7 we apply function EXAMPLE(t) = seek (EBOM (t), 7) the result is NILL, Fig.8.

GBOM it is introduced through a database on the basis of ordered pairs and represents the most general BOM. By adding different attributes, arrangement, we get the different types of EBOM. For each of the obtained EBOM it is necessary to make a pseudo-function r( ) which generates the appropriate database list, BOM. Future studies are aimed at finding the "standard" pseudo-function r( ) and special functions required by the engineer. One such function is the one that gives results in probability of making the product. III. REFERENCES

Fig. 8 Results from execution EXAPMLE(t) = seek(EBOM(t),7) Fig.9 is a transformation of Fig.8, using the function EXAMPLE(t) = seek (EBOM(t), 7).

Fig. 9 Results from execution

[1] C. Todman, Design a Data Warehouse, Cet Beograd, 2001. [2] L. Welling and L. Thomson, MySQL Tutorial, Mikro knjiga Beograd, 2005. [3] B. Meyer, Object-oriented Software Construction, Cet Beograd, 2003. [4] mr. S. Radojevic, Algorithms for formation BOM in relations database, Mechanical Faculty Belgrade, 1989.

One approach to creating engineering bill of materials



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[5] mr. S. Radojevic, Forming BOM of products by simulated recursion and pointers in relations database, Mechanical Faculty Belgrade, 1990.



One approach to creating engineering bill of materials