AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE 27TH DELHI-HAPUR BYPASS ROAD GHAZIABAD-201001 A TRAINING REPORT ON

AIRLINE RESERVATION SYSTEM(ARS)

AT

HP Education Services, Noida (DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGG.)

Submitted byAshutosh Pandey CSE-A Date- 16 August 2011

Under the guidance:Mr. Ashish Mishra

AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE 27TH DELHI-HAPUR BYPASS ROAD GHAZIABAD-201001

TRAINING CERTIFICATE This is certifying that ASHUTOSH PANDEY student of AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE B.TECH Final year in COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING has undergone industrial training in HEWLETT PACKARD EDUCATION SERVICES from 20/06/2011 to 20/07/2011.

B.M.Kalra Professor & HOD-CSE

Gp.Capt.P.K.CHOPRA VSM Professor & HOD-T&P

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning, except where due knowledge has been made in the text.

Signature: Name: Ashutosh Pandey Roll no: 0802710024 Date: 16 August 2011

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I sincerely express my gratitude and thanks to the trainers at HP EDUCATION SERVICES for their kind support throughout my project development. Their awe-inspiring personality, brilliant guidance and constant encouragement are the strength behind this project work. I take this opportunity to express my utmost gratitude to them. I am thankful to Mr. ASHISH MISHRA, for his valuable suggestion related to my project and to continuous support.

ASHUTOSH PANDEY B.Tech 4th year Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No. Topic
1. 2. 3. 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Introduction Company Profile Project Description Technologies Used Web Forms ADO.Net .Net Framework Data Providers Data Set ADO.Net Architecture Microsoft SQL Server C# Language Microsoft Visual Studio Database Description ClassMaster CompanyMaster AerodrumMaster DayMaster

Page No.
1 2 5 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 12 14 14 14 15 15

5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7. 8. 9. 10.

FlightMaster FlightFareMap FlightDayMap AdminDetails CutomerDetails Administrator Module Add New Flight Details Cancel Flight Edit Flight Details Aerodrum Details Company Details Edit Admin Info User Module Conclusion References Bibliography

16 16 17 17 18 20 20 22 23 24 25 26 29 30 31 32

INTRODUCTION

The project Airline Reservation System(ARS) contains airline schedules, fare, passenger reservation and ticket records. An airline system direct distribution works within their own reservation system.
This project is divided into two modules user module and administrator module. Administrator can add new flight, cancel the flight if the flight can not be operate due to some reason, Manage the schedule of flights and can

alter the flight source and destination, Admin can alter the arrival and departure time of flight and can change the days of flight.
User can search for flight according to date source and destination,

reservation of ticket, cancellation of ticket, check pnr status, get fare for any source to destination of different classes for the particular flight, check the status of the flight that seats are available or not for particular flight and class.
This application works in the .Net environment. It uses the web form and ADO.Net for front end. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 is used as back end data storage for the application Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 integrated development environment was used for quick and efficient development of application.

COMPANY PROFILE
The Hewlett-Packard (HP) is a technology company that operates in more than 170 countries around the world. It has explored how technology and services can help people and companies address their problems and challenges, and realize their possibilities, aspirations and dreams. It has apply new thinking and ideas to create more simple, valuable and trusted experiences with technology, continuously improving the way customers live and work.

HP got its start over 70 years. In seven labs across the globe, HP scientists are finding real answers to some of the worlds toughest challenges. As a result of their efforts, millions of people in developing countries are accessing the Internet for the very first time, using only a basic mobile phone. Tiny nano sensors are scoping geographic regions ripe for oil exploration. Aid workers and volunteers in Africa are using HP Gloe HPs social Web geo-tagging serviceto annotate maps with up-to-date information such as transportation routes and positions of available equipment in rural hospitals.

HP scientists are focused on 24 large-scale projects that fall under eight high-impact research areas: printing and content delivery, mobile and immersive experiences, cloud and security, information analytics, intelligent infrastructure; networking, services, and sustainability. HP is also committed to an open innovation approach to collaboration.

Creative Services

HP offers specific solutions for home or business whether customer needs software, hardware or services.

Small and Medium Business

It provides product information to save business time and money.It includes special services ,offers and facilities at small level to fulfill the business needs.

Large Enterprise Business

Technology and solutions for companies exceeding 500 employees. Includes industry specific solutions, as well as cross industry solutions such as customer relationship management and wireless services.

Cloud Solutions

Cloud computing gives an enterprise choicechoice in how it can source and deliver services to speed delivery time and cut costs. HP cloud solutions are designed to help CIOs and their IT organizations become the builder and broker of IT services.

Asset Recovery Services

HP makes it easy for customer to safely dispose of old, unneeded IT equipment -- whether HP, Compaq or another manufacturer. It even pays the customer if it has resale value.

IT Optimization Services

IT optimization or data centre transformation initiatives require a major investment. IT budgets are constantly being reduced, so every financial resource must be optimized to make the project succeed. Program financing becomes a critical success factor.

Financial Solutions

HP Financial Solution Analysis looks at the full spectrum of IT investment costs including hardware, software, maintenance, training, applications development, downtime and end-of-life disposition and delivers comparative results that drive smarter IT investment decisions.

Its aim is to provide customers better services in the fields of business, hardware and IT services.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Airline Reservation System(ARS) is an online application through which user can search and book flight of any company. It is built to operate over the Microsofts .Net framework The following technologies have primarily been used in this application-:
1.

Web Forms and ADO.Net

2. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 database management system 3. C# for programming the components and database connectivity. 4. Microsoft Visual Studio

Web Forms

One of the key goals of ASP.NET is to create a model that lets web developers rapidly develop web forms in the same way that windows developers can build made to measure windows in a desktop application. Of course ,web application are very different from traditional rich client applications. There are two key stumbling blocks:
a)

Web application execute on the server: for eg. Suppose you create a form that allows the user to select a product record and update its information. The user performs these tasks in the browser, but in order for you to performs these, required operations (such as updating and database) ,your code needs to run on the web server. ASP.NET handles this divide with a technique called postback, which sends the page(and all user supplied information)to the server when certain actions are performed. Once

ASP.NET receives the page, it can then fire the corresponding server side events to notify your code.
b)

Web applications are stateless: In other words before the rendered HTML page is sent to the user , your web page objects are destroyed and all client specific information is discarded. This model lends itself well to scalable, heavily trafficked applications, but it makes it difficult to create a seamless user experience. ASP.NET includes several tools to help you bridge this gap,most notableis a persistence mechanism called view state, which automatically embeds information about the page in a hidden field field in the rendered HTML

ADO.NET

It is a collection of classes that provide data access services in the .NET framework. It provides a rich set of components for creating distributed, datasharing applications. It is an integral part of the .NET Framework, providing access to relational, XML, and application data. ADO.NET supports a variety of development needs, including the creation of front-end database clients and middle-tier business objects used by applications, tools, languages, or Internet browsers

SQL Server

It is a relational database management system from Microsoft. The version used in this application is Microsoft SQL Server 2005 v9.0. C# is an object oriented programming language from Microsoft commonly used in .Net programming. In this application, it has been extensively used for event programming and for providing database connectivity.

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 is the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) used in developing this application.

TECHNOLOGIES USED

Airline Reservation System has been built upon the Microsofts .Net framework. It makes use of the following .Net technologies-

1.

Web Forms and ADO.Net

2. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 database management system 3. C# for programming the components and database connectivity 4. Microsoft Visual Studio

We will take an overview of some of these technologies important for an in-depth understanding of the application.

Web forms

One of the key goals of ASP.NET is to create a model that lets web developers rapidly develop web forms in the same way that windows developers can build made to measure windows in a desktop application. Of course ,web application are very different from traditional rich client applications. There are two key stumbling blocks:
c)

Web application execute on the server: for eg. Suppose you create a form that allows the user to select a product record and update its information. The user performs these tasks in the browser, but in order for you to

performs these, required operations (such as updating and database) ,your code needs to run on the web server. ASP.NET handles this divide with a technique called postback, which sends the page(and all user supplied information)to the server when certain actions are performed. Once ASP.NET receives the page, it can then fire the corresponding server side events to notify your code.
d)

Web applications are stateless: In other words before the rendered HTML page is sent to the user , your web page objects are destroyed and all client specific information is discarded. This model lends itself well to scalable, heavily trafficked applications, but it makes it difficult to create a seamless user experience. ASP.NET includes several tools to help you bridge this gap, most notable is a persistence mechanism called view state, which automatically embeds information about the page in a hidden field field in the rendered HTML.

ADO.Net

ADO.NET is a set of classes that expose data access services to the .NET programming environment. ADO.NET provides a rich set of components for creating distributed, data-sharing applications. It is an integral part of the .NET Framework, providing access to relational, XML, and application data. ADO.NET supports a variety of development needs, including the creation of front-end database clients and middle-tier business objects used by applications, tools, languages, or Internet browsers. There are two components of ADO.NET that we can use to access and manipulate data:

.NET Framework data providers The DataSet

.NET Framework Data Providers

The .NET Framework Data Providers are components that have been explicitly designed for data manipulation and fast, forward-only, read-only access to data. The Connection object provides connectivity to a data source. The Command object enables access to database commands to return data, modify data, run stored procedures, and send or retrieve parameter information. The DataReader provides a high-performance stream of data from the data source. Finally, the DataAdapter provides the bridge between the DataSet object and the data source. The DataAdapter uses Command objects to execute SQL commands at the data source to both load the DataSet with data, and reconcile changes made to the data in the DataSet back to the data source. The .NET is bundled with a small set of 4 providers:
1. SQL Server Provider: Provides optimized access to a SQL Server

database. 2. OLE DB Provider: Provides access to any data source that has an OLE DB driver. This includes SQL Server databases prior to version 7.0 3. ODBC Provider: Provides access to any data source that has an ODBC driver 4. ORACLE Provider: Provides optimized access to an ORACLE database This application uses SQL server as Data Provider.

The DataSet

The ADO.NET DataSet is explicitly designed for data access independent of any data source. As a result, it can be used with multiple and differing data sources, used with XML data, or used to manage data local to the application. The DataSet contains a collection of one or more DataTable objects made up of rows and columns of data, as well as primary key, foreign key, constraint, and relation information about the data in the DataTable objects.

The following diagram illustrates the relationship between a .NET Framework data provider and a DataSet.

ADO.NET architecture

This application uses DataSets.

Microsoft SQL Server Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database server product by Microsoft.

Protocol layer implements the external interface to SQL Server. All operations that can be invoked on SQL Server are communicated to it via a Microsoft-defined format, called Tabular Data Stream (TDS). The main unit of data storage is a database, which is a collection of tables with typed columns. SQL Server supports different data types, including primary types such as Integer, Float, Decimal, Char (including character strings), Varchar (variable length character strings), binary (for unstructured blobs of data), Text (for textual data) among others. Microsoft SQL Server also allows user-defined composite types (UDTs) to be defined and used. It also makes server statistics available as virtual tables and views (called Dynamic Management Views or DMVs). In addition to tables, a database can also contain other objects including views, stored procedures, indexes and constraints, along with a transaction log. A SQL Server database can contain a maximum of 231 objects, and can span multiple OS-level files with a maximum file size of 220 TB. The data in the database are stored in primary data files with an extension .mdf. Secondary data files, identified with a .ndf extension, are used to store optional metadata. Log files are identified with the .ldf extension. Storage space allocated to a database is divided into sequentially numbered pages, each 8 KB in size. A page is the basic unit of I/O for SQL Server operations. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 includes a component named SQL CLR ("Common Language Runtime") via which it integrates with .NET Framework. When writing code for SQL CLR, data stored in SQL Server databases can be accessed using the ADO.NET APIs like any other managed application that accesses SQL Server data. SQL Server provides some enhancements to the ADO.NET provider that allows the connection to be redirected to the same session which already hosts the running code. Such connections are called context connections and are set by setting context connection parameter to true in the connection string.

C# Language

Microsoft C# is a new programming language designed for building a wide range of enterprise applications that run on the .NET Framework. An evolution of Microsoft C and Microsoft C++, C# is simple, modern, type safe, and object oriented. C# code is compiled as managed code, which means it benefits from the services of the common language runtime. These services include language interoperability, garbage collection, enhanced security, and improved versioning support. C# is introduced as Visual C# in the Visual Studio .NET suite. C# also gives us the capability to build durable system-level components by virtue of the following features-:

Full COM/Platform support for existing code integration. Robustness through garbage collection and type safety. Security provided through intrinsic code trust mechanisms. Full support of extensible metadata concepts.

Microsoft Visual Studio

Visual Studio is a suite of component-based development tools and other technologies for building powerful, high-performance .Net applications. In addition, Visual Studio is optimized for team-based design, development, and deployment of enterprise solutions. The following are a few key advantages of using Visual Studio for application development-:

Visual Studio is a development environment that gives us a jumpstart in developing applications. Visual Studio provides us with a set of project templates, features and an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). Visual Studio's extensibility allows us to write our own project templates and Add Ins.

The latest release of Visual Studio is Visual Studio 2010. Weve used visual studio 2008 release in the development of this application.

Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 home screen

DATABASE DESCRIPTION

Microsoft SQL Server 2005 has been used as database management system for the application. Following is the list of tables used in the application along with the description of their fields.There are various database tables in this project.

These are as follows

ClassMaster

Field Name ClassID ClassName

Description int(10) primary key Varchar(30)

ClassName may be business, economic or first class.

CompanyMaster

Field Name

Description

CompanyID

int(10) primary key

CompanyName Varchar(30)

CompanyName field contain the name of the company which flight is operated, like JetAirway, KingFisher etc.

AerodrumMaster

Field Name AerodrumID

Description int(10) primary key

AerodrumName Varchar(40) City State Varchar(30) Varchar(30)

AerodrumName field contain the name of the Aerodrum from where the flight will be operate, like Indra Gandhi Internation Airport,Delhi etc

DayMaster

Field Name DayID DayName

Description int(10) primary key Varchar(30)

DayName field contain the name of the weekdays.

FlightMaster Field Name FlightNo FlightName CompanyId SourceId DestinationId Description int(10) primary key Varchar(30) int(10) foreign key int(10) foreign key int(10) foreign key

DepartureTime Time ArrivalTime Time

CompanyId will map with the CompanyMaster table. SourceId and DestinationId will be mapped with the AerodrumMaster table.

FlightFareMap

Field Name FFId FlightNo

Description int(10) primary key Int(10) foreign key

ClassId NoOfSeats Fare

Int(10) foreign key Int(10) Int(10)

FlightNo field will be mapped with FlightMaster table. ClassId field will be mapped with ClassMaster table.

FlightDayMap

Field Name FDId FlightNo DayId

Description Int(10) primary key Int(10) foreign key Int(10) foreign key

FlightNo field will be mapped with the FlightMaster table. DayId field will be mapped the DayMaster table.

AdminDetails

Field Name AdminID

Description Int(10) primary key

AdminName Varchar (30) Password Varchar (10)

AdminName field contain the name of the administrator. And only the administrator can use the admin module. And the user module can be view to any of the user.

CustomerDetails

Field Name PNRNo PassportId

Description Int(10) primary key Varchar (30)

CustomerName Varchar (30) Age Gender City EMailId ContactNo ClassId FlightNo Int(3) Varchar(10) Varchar(30) Varchar(30) Varchar(20) Int(10) foreign key Int(10) foreign key

ClassId field will be mapped with the ClassMaster table. FlightNo field will be mapped with the FlightMaster table.

This project is divided into two modules Administrator Module

User Module

Administrator module was carried out by me and user module was carried out by my collegue. Here I am giving a detail description about my module(Administrator Module) and a brief description about my collegues module(User Module).

Administrator Module
This module consist of following functionality Add New Flight Details Cancel Flight Edit Flight Details Add New Aerodrum Details Remove Aerodrum Edit Aerodrum details Add New Company Details Remove Company Edit Company Details Edit Admin Information

Add New Flight Details

Admin can add new flights. The details of flight is to be saved in FlightMaster table. No of seats and Fare detail is to be saved in

FlightFareMap table. No of days is to be saved in FlightDayMap table.

Snapshot of add flight details web page

Snapshot of add fare and seats of flight

Snapshot of days of flight

Cancel Flight
Admin can cancel the flight if it is not operating any more. Detail of flight is been removed from FlightMaster , FlightFareMap , FlightDayMap table.

Snapshot of cancel flight web page

Edit Flight Details

Admin can change the flight details. Update in flight details is reflected in FlightMaster table.

Snapshot of edit flight details web page.

Aerodrum Details

Admin can add new aerodrum. Delete aerodrum if it is not in use from AerodrumMaster table also all the flights departing or arriving on that aerodrum should also be removed from FlightMaster table.

Snapshot of aerodrum details web page.

Company Details

Admin can add new company. Details of company is to be saved in CompanyMaster table. If a company is been removed then all the flight of that company should be removed from FlightMaster table.

Snapshot of company details web page.

Edit Admin Info

Admin can change his password.

Snapshot of edit admin info web page.

Admin has to login to use the admin module.

Snapshot of admin login web page.

User Module
The functionality of user module are Search flight Book the ticket Cancel the ticket Check PNR Fare details Seat availability

User search a flight according to date , source , destination. Get the detail about flight status , fare. He can book the ticket if the seat is available. He can check the PNR status. He can also cancel the ticket. Details of customer is to be saved in CustomerDetails table. Search of seat availability is been done in FlightFareMap table. When user cancel the ticket the no of seats should be increment by 1 in FlightFareMap table. When user book a ticket the no of seats should be decremented by 1 in FlightFareMap table.

Conclusion
Airline Reservation System(ARS) is an web application that provides an interface through which a user can search or book ticket in various companys flight. Now user does not require to go to individual web site to search or book ticket.

References

http://www8.hp.com/us/en/hp-information/index.html http://www.google.com http://www.microsoft.com

Bibliography

Anne Boehm: Murachs ASP.NET 3.5 Web Programming with VB 2008 Stephen Walther: ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed Stephen Walther: Data Access in the ASP.NET 2.0 Framework MacDonald, Matthew; Szpuszta, Mario (2005). Pro ASP.NET 2.0 in C# 2005