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Executive Summary
Right sizing wireless LANs (WLANs) for your business and budget is a matter of picking the vendor with the most efficient network architecture. Choose a WLAN with inefficient radio frequency (RF) antennas, controller architecture, and management, and the price will escalate as more components are needed to achieve desired coverage and capacity levels. Wi-Fi runs over an unlicensed RF spectrum. So it is prone to wildly fluctuating performance as conditions change. Automated RF management and control capabilities are required to ensure that performance remains consistent, high, and reliable. Some controller-based vendors require that all data traffic be backhauled to the controller for forwarding, while others more efficiently handle this function in distributed access points (APs). Scaling controller capacity in tandem with access capacity increases some vendors system costs. Other must-haves or nice-to-haves such as mesh networking or voice support may be priced separately. This paper examines the required infrastructure components and presents vendor cost comparisons (all public MSRP pricing as of 7/1/2009) for Cisco, Meru Networks, HP/Colubris, Aruba Networks, and Ruckus Wireless for a typical enterprise WLAN. Two scenarios are examined: one for coverage only and the other combining coverage and network capacity. Scenario A provides WLAN coverage for 1,000 users in a 500,000-squarefoot space; a mixture of worker cubicles and common areas. Scenario B accounts for both WLAN coverage and a 10Mbps per-client capacity minimum for QoS in a multimedia environment. The aggregation backbone network requirement is 10Gbps with a fully redundant controller back-end for nonstop availability. Detailed breakdowns of respective vendors pricing begin on page 6.
Scenario B: Summary
1,000-User Network Infrastructure Costs for Coverage and Capacity based on Publicly Available Product Pricing (US$) Ruckus Cisco Meru Networks $515,195 42% $103,039 HP/ Colubris $171,858 7% $34,371 Aruba
Comparative WLAN Infrastructure Costs (for Capacity) $129,900 0% $25,980 $326,785 9% $65,357 $285,190 17% $57,038 Percentage Increase for Capacity over Coverage Only (from Above) Annual Support Costs for High-Capacity (B) Scenario
* Annual support costs based on 20% of WLAN infrastructure cost
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reliable. Most enterprise-class vendors offer fairly sophisticated RF management tools. But some vendors include these features in their base price, while others layer on separate charges for some or all of them. Other WLAN capabilities, such as mesh networking, voice support and centralized management, might also be priced separately. You might consider such features must-haves or nice-to-haves, depending on your situation. It helps, then, to know upfront whether you are paying extra for them or not. For its part, mesh networking involves over-the-air data forwarding from AP to AP. Mesh might be a requirement if you have a difficult-to-wire environment or if you simply would like to save on cabling, Ethernet ports, and Power over Ethernet (PoE) switch ports. Some vendors charge for meshing, while others dont (see sidebar, next page). So if meshing is a connectivity strategy for you, what, if anything, vendors charge for it will be an important economic consideration. Similarily if you deploy a WLAN for data today, but wish to add voice later, be aware that, with some vendors, additional software is required to make it work properly.
Notable Considerations
In determining the volume of resources needed from each vendor, keep in mind the following: The inner workings of a given WLAN system dictate the number of network elements, such as APs and controllers, required to achieve desired coverage and capacity levels. Some systems require more infrastructure than others, depending on how they are designed. Because Wi-Fi operates over an unlicensed RF spectrum, it is prone to wildly fluctuating performance around the enterprise as conditions change. And they never stop changing. So a unique set of automated RF management and control capabilities is required to ensure performance remains consistent, high, and
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2.4GHz band due to the bands limit of three non-overlapping channels and the inability of vendor RF implementations to control the RF physical layer to ensure proper channelization. Thats why there is reduced throughput in that band. Assuming equivalent throughput across like radios from different vendors helps simplify comparisons. But, as noted previously, some 802.11n APs support different numbers of radios and different frequency bands. Because of these different designs, the overall per-AP throughput potential differs. This math is essential for designs optimized for capacity. Many more controller resources are required in centralized architectures that funnel all data traffic back through a controller before forwarding to guarantee a minimum amount of capacity to each user (as with wired Ethernet). As such, controller capacity and associated costs become a key metric. And as with any network design, determining the degree of redundancy needed while balancing it with the cost of partially or fully backing up an 802.11n infrastructure is critical for highavailability environments. Management. One of the benefits that came with the current generation of WLAN systems is the ability to provision and manage large numbers of APs from a single management console. This basic capability is included in most controllers. However, the AP environment might grow to a size that requires more than one controller. Maintaining a centralized view of the entire WLAN environment often requires the separate purchase of a network management system (NMS) that consolidates views from all controllers and all the APs attached to those controllers.
A more accurate way to figure system costs is to determine how many APs are required from different vendors to cover the same territory with the minimum per-user sustainable throughput required (if any). If fewer APs are required by one vendor to cover the same area as another, this will translate into lower CAPEX, depending on how the vendor has priced its APs. It will also eliminate other costs associated with each unneeded AP, such as pulling CAT5 cable, power, configuration, installation and ongoing management. Throughput and Performance. From a pure throughput perspective, its fairly safe to presume that all of todays Draft 802.11n APs are capable of delivering around 150Mbps per radio in the 5GHz band, in best-case circumstances. Its also safe to assume 75Mbps AP throughput using 802.11n in the 2.4GHz band. A key characteristic of 802.11n, channel bonding, is a primary contributor to achieving 150Mbps throughput in the 5GHz band. But channel bonding can be impractical for many vendors in the
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interference mitigation, up to -15dB, by actively rejecting interference. Assuming that maximum throughput is equivalent among all vendors, Ruckus WLANs will need some extra APs when designing for capacity in larger environments, yet the total number of APs is still significantly less than the number required by other vendors. And Ruckus is shown to require no extra APs for capacity in the simpler, coverage-only comparisons. These numbers are reflected in the real-world pricing charts in the section, Sample Cost Comparisons. Going for Capacity. Designing for capacity comes into play in several situations. For example, a dense crowd of students in a large auditorium or guests in a hotel conference room might require wireless access in a finite geographical space. In this case, you need to ensure the optimal use of both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz spectra to accommodate as many simultaneous users as possible at any given time. There also might be specific per-user performance goals. These are likely to come about as streaming and real-time multimedia applications quickly emerge. A high-definition MPEG4 compressed multicast video stream, for example, can consume between 6Mbps and 8Mbps, depending on the codec used and pixel resolution desired. Consequently, it becomes important to guarantee at least this much bandwidth to each user across a given area if these types of applications are likely to be used.
If we lose a Wi-Fi connection twice a day, thats a whole patient per doctor each day. This translates into $12,000 per day in lost productivity across 18 medical clinics just because of Wi-Fi. With more reliable wireless from Ruckus, this goes away.
Mark Owens, IT Director Sea Mar Community Health Centers, Seattle
away from APs, throughput can fluctuate, often dramatically if obstructions or interference are present. Throughput will also change depending on how many users are contending for the shared spectrum at any given moment. But if the goal is to simply deliver a signal, with no guarantee of a minimum bandwidth to any given user throughout a defined space, determining infrastructure requirements can be achieved fairly easily. Field testing performed by Ruckus Wireless shows that for coverage aloneto provide connectivity across a given footprint as described, with no minimum guaranteed speedsa Ruckus WLAN typically requires 40 percent fewer APs than any competitive solutions. This is due to the integration and use of a high-gain, long-range smart antenna system and beamforming capability. This technology focuses RF energy toward requesting clients, significantly boosting the range of a given Ruckus AP by up to 9dBi. Dynamic beamforming also has the added benefits of constantly steering Wi-Fi transmissions, on a per packet basis, over different paths if interference or link performance problems are experienced. Smart antenna systems also provide significant
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Scenario A: Summary
1,000-User Network Infrastructure Costs for Coverage Only based on Publicly Available List Pricing (US$)
Ruckus has the most efficient radio frequency (RF) antennas, controller architecture, and complete management capabilities to win this coverage-only price comparison. Unlike other WLAN suppliers, the patented Smart Wi-Fi antenna array technology, BeamFlex, integrated in each ZoneFlex 7962 dual-band indoor 802.11n AP, extends range and provides adaptive signal steering. This translates into fewer access points needed to cover any given area. The ZoneDirector 3000 is capable of centrally managing up to 250 ZoneFlex dual-band indoor 802.11n Smart Wi-Fi APs. Designed for ease of use, high performance, and low cost, the ZoneDirector Smart (WLAN) controller stays out of the data path of WLAN clients and handles management traffic only. This lowers capital and operational costs while increasing performance. The Ruckus Smart/OS software suite of WLAN management capabilities is integrated at no cost into every ZoneDirector controller. It uniquely combines user-based roles, advanced authentication, guest networking, adaptive meshing, automatic user security and centralized management within a single platform.
I needed one $10K controller with Ruckus. From HP, I would have needed two controllers and from Cisco, I would have needed one $40K controller.
Yasser Moussa, IT Director Four Seasons Resort Whistler, Vancouver, B.C.
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22,495
22,495
4 3
395 3,995
1*
1,200
$298,700
N+1 = 1 additional Meru MC4100 + 1 backup controller license for 100 APs
$299,275
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Scenario B: Summary
1,000-User Network Infrastructure Costs, Coverage and Capacity Based on Publicly Available Product Pricing (US$) Ruckus Cisco Meru Networks $515,195 42% $103,039 HP/ Colubris $171,858 7% $34,371 Aruba
Cost of WLAN infrastructure designed to meet per-client capacity minimum, high availability and QoS requirements in a multimedia environment 1. Area to be served 500,000-square-foot space; a mixture of worker cubicles and common areas such as conference rooms and cafeteria. 2. No. of users 1,000, each with 10Mbps always-on bandwidth to accommodate high-definition streaming video applications alongside data and voice. 3. Equipment Dual-band 802.11n infrastructure* with controller support, in centralized architectures, to support the no. of APs required and 10Gbps simultaneous encrypted traffic in the controller backplane (10Mbps per user x 1,000 users = 10,000Mbps or 10Gbps). 4. High Availability Fully redundant controller back-end for nonstop availability. Includes costs of all infrastructure except APs (which are generally self-healing). May or may not include controller AP license fees, depending on individual vendors pricing model. 5. Throughput 10Gbps total concurrent throughput required at all times, both in AP network and controller back end, to give each of 1,000 users 10Mbps always-on bandwidth. Assumes average 225Mbps throughput per dual-radio AP for all vendors*: 150Mbps in the 5GHz band and 75Mbps in the 2.4GHz band (802.11n in both bands). For HP ProCurve/Colubris, assumes 170Mbps total AP throughput: 150Mbps in the 5GHz band (802.11n) + 20Mbps in the 2.4GHz band (802.11g). 6. Management Basic provisioning and management for the whole environment from a centralized station. In the case of singlecontroller environments, the management inherent in the controller suffices. In environments with two or more controllers, an NMS, priced separately, is required. 7. Not included Cost of installation and cabling or advanced features such as mesh support, voice, etc. 8. Annual support costs Broken out in the cost summary on this page.
* Exception: HP/Colubris, which makes a dual-radio AP, but only one radio is 802.11n capable.
Comparative WLAN Infrastructure Costs (for Capacity) $129,900 0% $25,980 $326,785 9% $65,357 $285,190 17% $57,038 Percentage Increase for Capacity over Coverage Only (from Above) Annual Support Costs for High-Capacity (B) Scenario
* Annual support costs based on 20% of WLAN infrastructure cost
With an efficient network architecture that takes the controller out of the data path for wireless traffic and eliminates capacity bottlenecks, Ruckus was able to provide a significant price/performance advantage over competing WLAN systems. The Ruckus Smart WLAN system was $40,000 cheaper than its nearest competitor and $100,000 to nearly $400,000 less expensive than others without sacrificing features or performance. Additionally, Ruckus ZoneFlex 7962 dual-band indoor 802.11n APs extend signal range and reliability due to the integrated smart antenna array that leverages dynamic beamforming. This allows highly resilient and wire-like connections that ensure the highest possible physical data rate. By automatically avoiding, rejecting and steering Wi-Fi signals around interference, packet loss and retransmissions are effectively eliminated. Basic provisioning and management are provided by the single controller without an NMS server. No additional licenses are needed for high availability and QoS.
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Total WLAN Infrastructure Cost for Coverage, 10Mbps/User Capacity, Full Redundancy
* Represents 0% premium for capacity.
Total WLAN Infrastructure Cost for Coverage, 10mbps/User Capacity, Full Redundancy
* Vendor charges for backup controller AP licenses. ** Represents a 70% premium for capacity
$515,195**
22,495
22,495
10 3
395 3,995
Total WLAN Infrastructure Cost for Coverage, 10Mbps/User Capacity, Full Redundancy
* Represents 7% premium for capacity.
Total WLAN Infrastructure Cost for Coverage, 10Mbps/User Capacity, Full Redundancy
*Supports an 8Gbps backplane. ** Represents a 9% premium for capacity
4,320
Total WLAN Infrastructure Cost for Coverage, 10Mbps/User Capacity, Full Redundancy
* Vendor combines controller and management licenses. **Vendor requires redundant AP licenses for standby controller. *** Represents a 19% premium for capacity.
Ruckus Wireless, Inc. 880 West Maude Avenue, Suite 101, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA (650) 265-4200 Ph \ (408) 738-2065 Fx