De La Salle Health Sciences Institute

Dasmarias, Cavite, Philippines 4114

Laboratory Experiment # 4

August 9, 2011

CHARLES LAW
( General Inorganic and Organic Chemistry )

Jeanne Kristine Bautista BSN 1-1

ABSTRACT
Charles Law deals about the relationship between pressure and temperature at a constant volume of gas. The objectives of this experiment are to: verify the applicability of the ideal gas law and determine the value of the gas constant. The materials needed are: 50mL beaker, syringe, hotplate, stirring rod, and thermometer. In this experiment, we have examined the relationship of pressure and temperature in a constant volume of gas. Using the syringe, we trapped a fixed amount of air until it reaches 4.5 mL. After 5 minutes of putting the tip of syringe under the warm water, we noticed that the amount of air inside increased, causing the plunger move up. And when we put small pieces of ice to cool down the water, the plunger moved down, meaning, the amount of air decreased.

INTRODUCTION
Gases expand when heated, and contract when cooled. This behavior was stated by Jacques Charles the proponent of our experiment entitled Charles s Law . Charles determined that the volume occupied by any sample of gas is directly proportional to its temperature, as long as the pressure is held constant. Charles s law implies that the volume a sample of gas occupies will approach zero as the temperature approaches zero on the absolute scale also known as absolute zero.

METHODOLOGY
We used a 5 or 10 cc ( mL ) plastic hypodermic syringe and a

thermometer. We put enough water into a 400 mL beaker to come above the 5.0 mL mark on the syringe when it is held vertically in the beaker with its tip near the beaker bottom. We heated it until the water temperature is 40 C. We located the plunger of the syringe to read 4.5 mL and put the syringe, tip down, into the beaker and then held it under the water for 5 minutes using a test tube holder. After 5 minutes, we recorded the position of the plunger in the syringe and the temperature of the water. Without removing the syringe from the water, we cooled the water to about 30 C by slowly adding small pieces of ice and let the syringe remain in the water for another 5 minutes. We then repeat the steps to obtain air-sample volumes and temperature at bath temperatures of about 20 C, 10 C, and 0 C.

DATA AND RESULTS

Celsius 40 C 30 C 20 C 10 C 0 C

Kelvin 313 303 293 283 273

Volume 5 mL 4.9 mL 3.4 mL 2.2 mL 1.9 mL

GRAPH:

In this experiment, we can verify that the relationship of the volume and temperature is directly proportional. As the volume increases, the temperature increases and vice versa.