Motorola BCU II - Tech Tips

GPS Troubleshooting Procedures Software Release Affected - 2.5 /3.0 Issue: You have been dispatched to a site outage due to possible GPS failure. Resolve: Please follow the recommended procedures listed.

GPS Down No Sync Status SYNC(SYNC_ACTIVE_GPSR_TRACKING) GPSR(GPSR_TRACKING) TCXO(DPLL_START) MSO(MSO_DOWN,DPLL_START) GPSRSTATE(ACQUIRING SATS) Coordinates in the GPSLAT / GPSLON GPSLAT(33.742233 degrees) indicates the GPS Head is acquiring signal. GPSLON(-84.122353 degrees) GPSHEIGHT(274.600006 meters) MSLHEIGHT(0.000000 meters) CH00: SVID(13) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH01: SVID(19) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) In this example the BTS is currently down due to no GPS CH02: SVID(03) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) Sync. Immediately you can see the GPSLAT / GPSLON has CH03: SVID(23) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) coordinates populated, this is a good indicator that the GPS CH04: SVID(06) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) module is attempting to establish full sync. CH05: SVID(07) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) * Tech Note: Verify the populated GPSLAT / GPSLON against CH06: SVID(16) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) the actual site location, if it matches this is a very good sign in CH07: SVID(24) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) regards to the GPS module being clear of possible issue. CH08: SVID(08) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) REMEMBER- The BTS must establish sync with (4) SATS for the CH09: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) unit to go into active / up status. CH10: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH11: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0)

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GPS Troubleshooting

The GPS system has several points of failures: GPS Module SMA to N Cable Surge Arrestor GPS Head LMR / Eupen Cable GPS Head (Antenna)

*Tech Note: If the site has been down for a while, and the NOC has not attempted a system reboot, perform one. Once the system is coming back on-line, perform a real-time GPS Stats query. root@hapWibbSc2:/home/root> cd /tmp root@hapWibbSc2:/tmp> cat gpst.stats
SYNC(SYNC_ACTIVE_GPSR_TRACKING) GPSR(GPSR_TRACKING) TCXO(DPLL_START) MSO(MSO_DOWN,DPLL_START) GPSRSTATE(ACQUIRING SATS) GPSLAT(33.742233 degrees) GPSLON(-84.122353 degrees) GPSHEIGHT(274.600006 meters) MSLHEIGHT(0.000000 meters) CH00: SVID(13) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH01: SVID(19) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH02: SVID(03) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) * Tech Note: Most sites will obtain full GPS sync in approx. 3-5 CH03: SVID(23) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) minutes, but allow up to 20 minutes for full sync to be achieved. CH04: SVID(06) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH05: SVID(07) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) If no SATS / full sync has been achieved in this time frame, CH06: SVID(16) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) move forward with intrusive troubleshooting. CH07: SVID(24) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH08: SVID(08) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH09: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH10: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH11: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0)

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GPS Troubleshooting (Cont.)

At this time perform an intrusive test against the GPS system using the apdiag feature. Once you enter the diagnostic mode, perform the Site Initialization Procedure to run a complete GPS diagnostic test. We are concerned with the following values high-lighted below.
Now running: Satellite Tracking Status Running test, please wait... Satellite Status: Maximum visible satellites: 12 Channel Sat. ID Mode Signal IODE ------- ------- ---- ------ ---1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 25 8 13 8 19 8 8 8 3 8 28 8 23 8 6 8 11 8 0 0 0 0 48 71 47 114 49 61 48 34 44 46 45 3 Channel 1 Correlation: Channel 2 Correlation: Channel 3 Correlation: Channel 4 Correlation: Channel 5 Correlation: Channel 6 Correlation: Channel 7 Correlation: Channel 8 Correlation: Channel 9 Correlation: Channel 10 Correlation: Channel 11 Correlation: Channel 12 Correlation: Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Passed Now running: GPSR Self-Test Running test, please wait... GPSR Self-Test Results:

46 99 45 23 42 43 45 86 0 0 0 0

Manuf. Data Checksum Status: Passed Oscillator Checksum Status: Passed Temp Sensor Checksum Status: Passed 1 kHz Presence: ROM Status: RAM Status: Passed Passed Passed

*Tech Note: The Antenna Status response is a critical piece of information, as it gives you an indication you truly have a valid GPS System point of failure. Antenna Status: Over Current generally means theres a short within the cable, or damaged antenna. Antenna e 3 | P a g Status: Under Current generally means the cabling / antenna is missing or loose connection.

Temperature Sensor Status: Passed RTC Status: Passed

Antenna Status:

OK!

GPS Troubleshooting (Cont.)

On-Site Testing
Perform the following: Break the connection between the BTS GPS SMA to N Cable and the actual GPS Head LMR / Eupen Cable at the surge arrestor, only disconnecting the GPS Head cable connector. Use your voltmeter to observe the DC voltage across the path to that point. If you get a 4.5 5vDC result you have cleared the GPS Module, SMA to N Cable, and the surge arrestor as a possible fault to the GPS not establishing full sync.

Surge arrestor connection to GPS Head LMR / Eupen Cable.

*Tech Note: The positive lead should be connected to the center pin. The negative lead should be connected to the outer part of connector.

Surge arrestor connection to BTS SMA to N Cable GPS connection.

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GPS Troubleshooting (Cont.)

If the voltage is less than the required 5vDC, please perform the following to troubleshoot from the surge arrestor back towards the BTS GPS module.

Surge Arrestor Replace the surge arrestor, and observe the voltage level If the voltage is at the required level, this was your component of failure

SMA to N-Type Cable If the voltage has not changed, proceed to replace the SMA to N Cable Observe the voltage level again If the voltage is at the required level, this was your component of failure

GPS Module If the voltage has not changed, proceed to replace the GPS Module

I/O Card / Sync (GPS) Failures - Either of these specific alarms will require the door panel to be replaced, as both of these modules are not field replaceable, due to being embedded in the door panel. Motorola Part Number - STLN6704 (BCU II Front Panel Door) 5|Page

GPS Troubleshooting (Cont.)

If the voltage is at the required level at the surge arrestor, proceed to troubleshoot the GPS Head / Cable connection.

Physical Cable Inspection Inspect the cable for loose connector, or excessive sudden radius bends Inspect the GPS Head / Cable connection for possible water intrusion (If capable)

Voltmeter Cable Test Use your volt meter to Ohm out the cable / check for possible short (If capable) Use your volt meter to confirm the required 5vDC voltage at the GPS Head connection If the voltage is not at the required level, this is your component of failure

GPS Head If the voltage is at the required level, proceed to replace the GPS Head (Antenna) Observe the GPS Stats in real-time to view if SATS are becoming visible

*Tech Note: In case you need to replace any of the individual parts, it may be easier to order the following manufacture kit. Motorola BCU II GPS Kit (STRG4045) - GPS Antenna / Surge Arrestor / SMA to N Cable (6ft)

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GPS Troubleshooting (Cont.)

GPS Up Sync Established

root@hapWibbSc2:/home/root> cd /tmp root@hapWibbSc2:/tmp> cat gpst.stats SYNC(SYNC_ACTIVE_GPSR_UP) GPSR(GPSR_UP) TCXO(DPLL_TRACK) MSO(MSO_DOWN,DPLL_START) GPSRSTATE(POSITION HOLD) GPSLAT(33.742226 degrees) GPSLON(-84.122337 degrees) GPSHEIGHT(278.549988 meters) MSLHEIGHT(0.000000 meters) CH00: SVID(05) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 48) IODE( 96) CH01: SVID(21) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 40) IODE(184) CH02: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH03: SVID(18) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 39) IODE( 67) CH04: SVID(29) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 48) IODE( 14) CH05: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH06: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0) CH07: SVID(02) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 33) IODE( 12) CH08: SVID(15) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 47) IODE( 66) CH09: SVID(26) MODE(8) SIGSTR( 44) IODE( 7) CH10: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0)
MSO NOT PRESENT SYNC GPS UP UP root@hapWibbSc2:/usr/app/bin> ./motshell AP Diagnostics Interface : Version 1.0 2010-Sep-14 04:18:02.147 MotShell: devstate sync System time: Tue Sep 14 04:18:07 2010 System time may deviate from GPS time when GPS is down -------------------------------------------------------------DEVICE STATE UP TIME (days hh:mm:ss) REMAINING FREERUN TIME (hh:mm:ss)

*Tech Note: Use the following command to also verify Sync, and GPS UP times. As mentioned earlier, you can see the actual three-minute time difference the site took to establish full Sync, and for the GPS to fully go active with the BTS.

-------------------------------------------------------------2 days 23:06:28 2 days 23:03:28

CH11: SVID(00) MODE(0) SIGSTR( 0) IODE( 0)

Note: The BTS is now in sync with 7 of the possible 12 SATs

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Temporary GPS Installation

This is an example of a site that required temporary GPS installation to get the site back online for service. The contractor was dispatched to make the repair in the following maintenance window. When attached as shown the GPS Head is very stable to the shelf, and in this case the BTS locked onto seven of the twelve available SATs to get the site back on-air. *Tech Note: The cable used for this temporary connection is the Dragonwave surge-arrestor jumper.

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Incorrect GPS Installation

These are examples of an improper GPS Head installation, due to the close proximity of each other

Close proximity of each other, and obstructed view toward the sky from adjacent GPS Head

Issues likely to be experienced with the site: Marginal SATs visible / Intermittent Loss of Sync Sync established with only one BTS *Tech Note: The GPS Head is an active circularly polarized antenna that incorporates a low noise amplifier. The GPS Head operates in an omni-directional pattern that contains side & back lobes. When another GPS Head is very close to another, this creates a very high-risk of co-channel interference.

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