Immuno compromised

Contact with an adult who has active TB

Inhaling droplet nuclei that contain tubercle bacillus in the air through coughing, sneezing, speaking, singing, etc.

Droplet nuclei pass down tracheobronchial tree and implants on respiratory bronchioles.

Bacilli multiplies in the alveoli and alveolar ducts

Immune response activated: bacilli is engulfed by macrophages and surrounded by small hard capsules. (Tubercles)

Macrophages carry the organisms through lymphatic channels to the regional lymph Necrotic degeneration occurs (production of cheeselike mass of tubercle bacilli, Dead WBC, dead lung tissue.) bacilli spreads in lymphatic system & circulatory system

Cough reflex

Drainage of necrotic materials into the tracheobronchial tree

Bacilli is transported to different sites

Inflammation of lymh nodes

(+) Tuberculin Skin Test TB

PRIMARY INFECTION

liver, spleen, meninges, peritoneum, lymph nodes, pleura, and bone.

Lesions may calcify (ghon s complex) and form scars and may heal over a period of time.

TB Meningitis/Miliary TB

Tubercle bacilli immunity develops (2-6 weeks after infection) maintains in the body as long as living bacilli remains in the body s/sx: fever of unknown origin, persistent productive cough, poor appetite, significant wt loss/inability to gain weight, inflammation of lymph nodes

Acquired immunity leads to further growth of bacilli and formation of active infection

Pathophysiology of Primary Complex