In-Building Coverage System

Interferences Analysis

Agenda
System Specification Categories of Interferences in In-Building System Noise and Base Station Sensitivity Spurious Emission Analysis Intermodulation Analysis Interference Analysis Conclusion

System Specification

System Specification
5 systems combined into one in-building system Trunk800: 806-821/uplink, 851-866/downlink CDMA800: 825-835/uplink, 870-880/downlink GSM900: 885-915/uplink, 930-960/downlink DCS1800: 1705-1780/uplink, 1805-1880/downlink WCDMA: 1920-1980/uplink, 2110-2170/downlink

Categories of Interferences in In-Building System

Categories of Interferences in In-Building System

Inter-systems interferences involved in in-building system Receiver Blocking Spurious Emissions Inter-modulation

Frequency band Issues of CDMA800 and EGSM900

Power

870-880 (downlink)

885-915 (uplink)

Very close between CDMA downlink and EGSM uplink. To avoid the inter-frequency band interference requires high performance filter. This kind of filter is too heavy and large to install in a true project even if it can be researched and produced.

Frequency
CDMA800 GSM900

Noise

Thermal Noise (N)

N = 10 log (KTBNf) dBm

K is Boltzmanns constant = 1.38 X 10-23 J/K T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin = 290 (17o C) B is the Bandwidth in Hz = 3.84 x 106 (WCDMA) Nf is the Noise figure of receiver = RBS(without ASC) = 5dB (3.1) NRBS = 10log [(1.38 X 10-23 X 290 X 3.84 X 106 X3.1)/10-3]dBm = -103 dBm

Maximum allowed RBS Sensitivity degradation

Sensitivity degradation due to Irx [dB] 0.1 0.5 0.8 3 6 Max allowed degradation = 0.8 dB => 0.8 = 10 log (1+ Irx-NoiseFloor) => Irx-NoiseFloor = 100.08-1 Irx-max = 0.2023 = -6.9dB Irx-NoiseFloor [dB] -16.3 -9.1 -6.9 0 4.7

= -109.9 [dBm/3.84 MHz]

=> Irx-max = - 103 -6.9 = -109.9 (WCDMA)

Maximum allowed RBS Sensitivity degradation

Sensitivity degradation due to Irx [dB] Irx-NoiseFloor [dB]

Irx_max
[0.025MHz] Trunk800

Irx_max
[1.23MHz] CDMA800 -108 -124.4 -117.2 -115 -108.1 -103.4

Irx_max
[0.2MHz] GSM900 -116 -132.3 -125.1 -122.9 -116 -111.3

Irx_max
[0.2MHz] DCS1800 -116 -132.3 -125.1 -122.9 -116 -111.3

Irx_max
[3.84MHz] WCDMA -103 -119.4 -112.2 -110 -103.1 -98.4

Noise Floor 0.1 0.5 0.8 3 6 -16.3 -9.1 -6.9 0 4.7

-125 -141.3 -134.1 -131.9 -125 -120.3

Spurious Emissions Analysis

WCDMA Spurious Emissions Limits (3GPP)

WCDMA Spurious Emissions Drop into other Frequency Band

Affected system Trunk800 CDMA800 GSM900 DCS1800 System Bandwidth (MHz) 806821 825835 876915 17101785 Noise Level -36dBm -98dBm -98dBm -98dBm Measurement Bandwidth 100kHz 100kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz

Affected system Trunk800 CDMA800 GSM900 DCS1800

System Bandwidth (MHz) 806821 825835 890915 17101785

Noise Level

Bandwidth -42 25 kHz -87 1.23 MHz -95 200 kHz -95 200 kHz

Isolation between WCDMA and other systems when co-location

Trunk800 WCDMA CDMA800 GSM900 DCS1800 dB 90 28 28 28

Conclusion: Isolation Due to Spurious Emissions

Trunk800 CDMA800 90 GSM900 DCS1800 WCDMA 90 90 90 90 86 86 28 30 30 Trunk800 CDMA80 GSM900 0 90 75 75 DCS1800 75 75 28 WCDMA 90 28 28 28

Intermodulation Analysis

IM2 Products

f1 DCS1800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 GSM900

f2 GSM900 TRUNK800 CDMA800 GSM900

Interfered System GSM900 DCS1800 DCS1800 WCDMA

IM3 Products

2f1-f2

f1 CDMA800 CDMA800 TRUNK800

f2 GSM900 TRUNK800 CDMA800

Interfered System TRUNK800 GSM900 CDMA800

2f1-f2

IM3 Products
f2 CDMA800 DCS1800 CDMA800 DCS1800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA DCS1800 GSM900 TRUNK800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA
DCS1800 DCS1800

f1 CDMA800 CDMA800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 CDMA800 CDMA800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 CDMA800 DCS1800
TRUNK800 TRUNK800

f3 GSM900 DCS1800 GSM900 DCS1800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA DCS1800 GSM900 CDMA800 WCDMA GSM900 WCDMA
CDMA800 GSM900

Interfered System TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 DCS1800 DCS1800
DCS1800 DCS1800

f1 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 CDMA800 GSM900 GSM900 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 TRUNK800 DCS1800 DCS1800 GSM900 GSM900

f2 DCS1800 GSM900 CDMA800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA GSM900 DCS1800 CDMA800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA DCS1800 DCS1800

f3 DCS1800 GSM900 TRUNK800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA CDMA800 DCS1800 TRUNK800 WCDMA DCS1800 WCDMA CDMA800 TRUNK800

Interfered System GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 WCDMA WCDMA WCDMA WCDMA

Generating IM products

Power level of IM products depend on: Power level of input signals Higher input signals cause higher IM products

Input 1

Combiner

Output

Input 2

Minimum IM performance of the components IM2 -140dBc IM3 -150dBc

Interference Analysis Conclusion

Isolation Needed to Restrain Spurious Emissions

Trunk800 Trunk800 CDMA800 GSM900 DCS1800 WCDMA 90 90 90 90 90 86 86 28 30 30 CDMA800 90 GSM900 75 75 DCS1800 75 75 28 WCDMA 90 28 28 28

Isolation Needed to Restrain IM 150dB Isolation is the safe guarantee Higher BTS power cause higher power of IM products

Propagation Loss

L p = 32.4 + 20log(d) + 20log(f)

d is distance [km] and f is the frequency [MHz]

Air Isolation

TX
Lp is the propagation loss

RX

Propagation Loss

L p = 32.4 + 20log(d) + 20log(f)

800 MHz 900 MHz 1800 MHz 2 GHz

Lp = 30 dB Lp = 31 dB Lp = 37 dB L p = 38 dB

If we assume a distance of 1 m between RX/TX antenna then we get the following values for Lp.

Interference
POI
produce

Spurious Emissions IM Product

Must restrain interferences at POI

Tx
BTS BTS BTS BTS BTS

Provide enough isolation to mitigate Spurious Emissions and IM product If the isolation not enough, extra air isolation is necessary

Duplex Solution
- Reduced Stability and Increase Risks

Spurious Emissions External filter needed to provide extra isolation. Require very high performance of filters.

IM Interferences The only way to avoid IM effect depends on the high performance of combiner, etc.

Excellent products performance

High cost of R&D Expensive materials High requirement of manufacture

Simplex Solution
Spurious Emissions IM Interferences

Air isolation is more than 30dB. More than 40dB transmission loss from Tx to Rx.

In-building network is highly stable. Requirement of maintenance is low.