1.3.

3 sawarmoo simZlavreze moTxovnilebis

gansazRvra
sawarmoo simZlavreebze moTxovnilebis gansazRvrisas, aucilebelia
produqciis calkeul saxeebze moTxovnilebis, konkretuli sawarmos
SesaZleblobebis da mis qvedanayofebze warmoebis ganawilebis
struqturis gaTvaliswineba. sawarmoo simZlavreebze moTxovnilebis
gansazRvris procedura, Cveulebriv sam etaps moicavs:
 prognozirebis meTodebis gamoyenebiT, asortimentis yvela
poziciisTvis dgeba konkretuli nakeTobebis gayidvebis
moculobebis prognozi;
 iangariSeba moTxovnileba aRWurvilobasa da samuSao Zalaze,
romelic aucilebelia gayidvebis prognozirebuli moculobebis
uzrunvelfisTvis;
 garkveuli periodisTvis dgeba aRWurvilobis da samuSao Zalis
saTanado datvirTvis gegma.
rogorc wesi, amis Semdeg kompania gansazRvravs sarezervo
simZlavres, romelic tolia sxvaobisa xelmisawvdom (saproeqto)
simZlavresa da gamoyenebisTvis dagegmil simZlavres Soris. magaliTad,
Tu savaraudo wliuri moTxovnileba produqciaze gvkarnaxobs mis
gamoSvebas 1 mln. laris saerTo RirebulebiT, xolo xelmisawvdomi
simZlavre Seesabameba 1,2 mln. laris Rirebulebis igive produqciis
wliurad warmoebas, sawarmos simZlavris 20%-ani rezervi hqonia, rac
Seesabameba aRWurvilobis datvirTvis 83%-an koeficients (100/120%). Tu
firmis saproeqto simZlavre naklebia warmoebis moTxovnilebis
dakmayofilebisTvis saWiro simZlavreze, amboben, rom misi simZlavris
rezervi uaryofiTia.
ganvixiloT Semdegi magaliTi. kompania “gemo” awarmoebs tyemlis or
nairsaxeobas: “wiTels” da “TeTrs”, rogorc boTlebSi, ise erTjerad
plastikur paketebSi CamosxmiT. Menejments surs kompaniis moTxovnilebis
gansazRvra aRWurvilobasa da samuSao Zalaze, momdevno xuTi wlisTvis.
Eetapi 1. marketingis ganyofilebam warmoadgina “gemo”-s
produqciisadmi momxmarebelTa interesis Semdegi prognozi (aTas
erTeulebSi), kompaniis xelmZRvanelebisTvis saintereso periodisTvis:

etapi 2. amJamad sawarmos gaaCnia produqciis boTlebSi Camosasxmeli

sami mowyobiloba, TiToeuli wliuri mwarmoeblurobiT 150 aTasi boTli.
TiToeulze or-ori operatori muSaobs da SesaZlebelia produqciis
rogorc erTi, ise meore nairsaxeobis Camosxma. garda amisa, sawarmo
flobs plastikur paketebSi damafasoebel xuT danadgars,
mwarmoeblurobis normiT 250 aTasi paketi weliwadSi. TiToeuli
danadgaris momsaxurebisTvis sami muSa aris saWiro, isini aseve
gamosadegia orive produqtis sawarmoeblad. amJamad swarmoSi muSaobs
aseTi danadgarebis 20 operatori.
Eetapi 3. mosalodneli maCveneblebi mTelis asortimentis mixedviT
SeiZleba gamoiTvalos zemoT moyvanili cxrilis meSveobiT, Tu ki
SevajamebT wliuri moTxovnilebebis monacemebs orive meTodiT
dafasoebuli produqciaze:

Eexla SeiZleba Sefasdes sawarmos pirveli wlis (mimdinare)

moTxovnileba aRWurvilobasa da samuSao Zalaze. vinaidan boTlebSi
Camosxmis saerTo arsebuli simZlavrea 450 aTasi boTli weliwadSi (3
danadgari × 150 aTas boTlis warmadobiT TiToeuli), mimdinare wels
datvirTuli iqneba xelmisawvdomi simZlavris mxolod 135/450=0,3, anu
danadgarebis 0,9 (0,3 × 3 = 0,9). rac Seexeba plastikur baraTebs,
gamoyenebuli iqneba xelmisawvdomi simZlavris 300/1250=0,24, anu 0,24 × 5 =
1,2 danadgari.
TiToeuli wlisTvis prognozirebuli moTxovnilebis
dakmayofilebisTvis saWiro muSebis raodenobis Sefaseba moyvanilia
qveda cxrilSi:

vinaidan arsebuli sawarmoo simZlavreebi orive operaciisTvis, yvela

wlebSi aRemateba mosalodnel moTxovnilebas, SeiZleba CavTvaloT, rom
kompania “gemo”-s simZlavris dadebiTi rezervi gaaCnia.
exla ganvixiloT meore magaliTi. kompania “kalkomis” produqcia –
jibis kalkulatorebi, sargeblobs moTxovnilebiT rogorc adgilobriv,
ise gare bazrebze. sadReisod, firmas gamoSvebuli aqvs 100 aTasi
xelsawyo, romelTagan TiToeulis warmoebis danaxarjebma 3,5 lari
Seadgines. kompaniis xelmZRvaneloba Tvlis, rom mis sawarmoo
simZlavreebs mwarmoeblurobis zrdis 85%-ani mrudi Seesabameba.
saZiebelia pasuxebi Semdeg kiTxvebze: a) rogor Seicvleba produqciis
erTeulze mosuli sawarmoo danaxarjebi, Tu ki wliuri warmoebis
saerTo moculoba 800 aTas cal kalkulators miaRwevs? b) warmoebis
saerTo moculobis rogori odenobisas SesZlebs kompania produqciis
erTeulze mosuli sawarmoo danaxarjebis 2,55 laramde Semcirebas?
Ma) mwarmoeblurobis zrdis 85%-ani mrudi niSnavs, rom warmoebis
moculobis 2-jeradi gazrdis SemTxvevaSi, kompaniis danaxarjebi 15%-T
Semcirdeba. saTanado gamoTvlebi qveda cxrilis saxiT SeiZleba
warmovadginoT:

amrigad, kompaniis produqciis gamoSvebis 800 aTas calamde

gazrdis SemTxvevaSi, erTeul nawarmze mosuli sawarmoo danaxarjebi
Semcirdeba 2,15 laramde.
b) zemoT moyvanili cxrilidan Cans, rom warmoebis saerTo
moculobis 400 aTas calamde gazrdisas, nawarmis erTeulze mosuli
sawarmoo danaxarjebi 2,53 laramde Semcirdeba. maSasadame, rodesac
warmoebis moculoba am dones miaRwevs, nawarmis erTeulis warmoebis
danaxarjebi CvenTvis saintereso 2,55 lariani niSnulis qvemoT daecema.

1.3.5 sawarmoTa da aRWurvilobis ganlagebis dagegmareba

dagegmarebis mizania kompaniis ganyofilebebis da maTSi Semavali
samuSao jgufebis, sawarmoo ubnebis, dazguri aRWurvilobis da
sawyobebis iseTi ganlageba, romelic sawarmoo nakadis mdore
mimdinareobas uzrunvelyofs. optimalur ganlagebaze gadawyvetilebebis
miRebisas, yvela SemTxvevaSi gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi garemoebebi da
faqtorebi:
ganlagebis proeqtis konkretuli miznebi da Sesafaseblad gamoyenebuli
kriteriumebi. ganlagebis ganxilvisas
 gamoyenebuli ZiriTadi kriteriumebia sawarmoo farTebis zomebi
da sxvadasxva sawarmoo elementebs Soris manZilebi, romelTa
gadalaxva uwevs sawarmoo nakads;
 moTxovnileba mocemul samrewvelo sistemaSi damzadebul
nakeTobebsa da/an momsaxurebaze;
  moTxovnebi procesis mimdinareobisadmi, romlebic asaxaven
operaciaTa raodenobas da ganlagebis calkeul elementebs Soris
mimdinare materialuri nakadebis moculobebs;
 sivrciTi moTxovnebi saTavsoebis SigniT am elementebis
ganlagebis mimarT;
 arsebuli Senobis Sida sivrcis xelmisawvdomoba, an Tu ki igi
axalaSenebulia, samSeneblo da arqiteqturuli formebi, rolebic
SeiZleba Camoyalibdes mis SigniT.
sawarmoo ubnebis organizeba sawarmoo qvedanayofebad da maT
SigniT aRWurvilobis Sesabamisi ganlageba, sawarmoo nakadis ZiriTadi
maxasiaTeblebiT ganisazRvreba. arsebobs aRWurvilobis ganlagebis da
samuSao adgilebis organizebis sami ZiriTadi meTodi: ganlageba
teqnologiuri principiT, nakeTobebis garkveuli nomenklaturis
damzadebis principiT (sagnobrivi principi) da uZravi obieqtis
momsaxurebis principiT. gamoiyeneba agreTve kombinirebuli meTodic –
jgufuri teqnologiis pricipiT, anu teqnologiuri ujredebis
formirebiT.
aRWurvilobis ganlageba teqnologiuri principiT (mas funqciuri
principiT ganlagebasac uwodeben, an kidev dakveTebiT momuSave sawarmos
ganlagebas), es ganlagebis iseTi wesia, rodesac erTnair aRWurvilobas,
an erTgvarovan teqnologiur operaciebs erTad ajgufeben, magaliTad
yvela saxarato Carxs erT adgilze uyrian Tavs, xolo yvela satvifro
wnexs – meoreze. operaciaTa Tanmimdevrobis Sesabamisad, dasamuSavebeli
namzadi inacvlebs adgilidan adgilisken, romelTagan TiToeulze
Tavmoyrilia saTanado operaciis Sesasruleblad saWiro aRWurviloba.
aRWurvilobis sagnobrivi principiT ganlagebisas (mas kidev
materialuri nakadis dinebis mixedviT ganlagebasac uwodeben),
aRWurviloba, an sawarmoo procesebi im teqnologiuri operaciebis
svlis mixedviT lagdeba, romlebsac Tanmimdevrulad gaivlis nakeToba
misi damzadebis msvlelobaSi. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, namzadis
moZraobis traeqtoria aseT sawarmoo sistemaSi wrfes warmoadgens.
fexsacmlis sawarmoebeli xazebi, qimiuri qarxnebi, manqanebis avtomaturi
recxva – yvela eseni aRWurvilobis ganlagebis da samuSaoTa
organizebis sagnobrivi principiT gadawyvetis magaliTebs gviCveneben.
uZravi obieqtis momsaxurebis principiT aRWurvilobis ganlageba
realizdeba maSin, rodesac mTeli teqnologiuri procesis ganmavlobaSi
namzadi (didi gabaritebis, an masis gamo), erTi da imave adgilze unda
rCebodes. aseT SemTxvevebSi sawarmoo aRWurviloba miewodeba namzads da
ara piriqiT. am principiT aris organizebuli gemTmSenebeli qarxnebi,
samSeneblo da kinosagadaRebo moednebi.
aRWurvilobis jgufuri teqnologiis principiT ganlageba
(teqnologiuri ujredebis formireba), gulisxmobs sxvadasxva
aRWurvilobis e.w. sawarmoo centrebSi, an teqnologiur ujredebSi
Tavmoyra-dajgufebas. TiToeuli aseTi centri gankuTvnilia warmoebis
erTnairi meTodebis da damuSavebis erTnairi, an msgavsi maxasiaTeblebis
momTxovni nakeTobebis gamoSvebisTvis. erTis mxriv jgufuri
teqnologiis principiT ganlageba, aRWurvilobis teqnologiuri
principiT ganlagebis analogiuria, vinaidan qmnis operaciebis garkveuli
krebulis sawarmoeblad saWiro teqnologiur ujredebs. meores mxriv ki
igi sagnobrivi principiT ganlagebis msgavsia, vinaidan aseTi ujredebi
(damuSavebis centrebi) specializebulia nakeTobaTa SezRuduli
asortimentis warmoebaSi.
mravali sawarmoo obieqti aRWurvilobis ganlagebis da procesebis
organizebis sxvadasxva nairsaxeobebis kombinacias iyenebs. magaliTad,
erTi saamqros muSaoba SeiZleba teqnologiuri principiT iyos
organizebuli, meoresi – sagnobrivi principiT. mTlianobaSi sawarmo,
rogorc wesi sagnobrivi principiT muSaobs: ZiriTadi kvanZebis
damzadebiT, Sualeduri awyobiT da saboloo awyobiT. TiToeuli
sawarmoo stadia ki SeiZleba realizebuli iyos rogorc teqnologiuri,
aseve sagnobrivi principiT. analogiurad, samuSaos organizebas jgufuri
teqnologiis principiT, xSirad iseT ubnebze iyeneben, romlebic TviTon
arian mocemul qarxanaSi warmoebis sagnobrivi principiT organizebis
elementebi.

1.3.6 aRWurvilobis ganTavseba

teqnologiuri principiT
aRWurvilobis teqnologiuri principiT ganTavsebisas, sazogadod
xdeba ubnebis formireba, romlebzec erTgvarovani teqnologiuri
operaciebi sruldeba da maTi urTierTganlagebis optimizeba. magaliTad,
saTamaSoTa fabrika warmoebis mcire moculobiT, SeiZleba iyos
Seicavdes gasaReba-momaragebis ganyofilebas, plastmasebis Camosxmis da
tvifrvis ubans (plastmasebis gadamusavebis ubans), liTondammamuSavebel
ubans, samkervalo ubans da samRebro ubans. am ubnebze mzaddeba
makomleqteblebi satamaSoebisTvis, romlebic Semdeg gadaecema saamwyobo
ubnebs, sadac maTgan mza nakeTobebs amzadeben.
optimalurad ubnebis iseT ganlagebas Rebuloben, romelic
momijnave ubnebs Soris Sromis sagnebis gadanacvlebaTa maqsimalurad
SesaZlebel raodenobas uzrunvelyofs. dauSvaT, rom Cvens magaliTSi
(saTamaSoTa fabrika), danaxarjebis minimizebisTvis rva ubnis formirebaa
saWiro. simartivisTvis miviRoT, rom yvela ubans toli farTi ukavia da
maTi zomebi (dauSvaT 12 × 12 m.) jeradis Senobis zomebisa: sigrZe 46 m.,
gani 24 m.
pirvel rigSi unda ganisazRvros ubnens Soris mimdinare nakadi
struqtura da masalebis transportirebis wesi. CavTvaloT, rom yvela
masalebi transportirdeba standartul yuTebSi, Cangliseburi satacis
mqone avtomtvirTavis meSveobiT. miviRoT, rom erTi yuTis (taris erTi
adgilis) gadanacvleba, rasac erTi avtomtvirTavi sWirdeba, erT lauds
(inglisuri load-idan) Seadgens (“laudi” – daTvirTvis zomaa).
Eexla CavTvaloT, rom satransporto danaxarjebi momijnave ubnebs
Soris erTi laudis gadanacvlebisas 1 lars Seadgens, rasac kidev 1
lari emateba aramomijnave ubnebis sazRvrebis yoveli gadakveTisas.
drois garkveuli periodis (erTeulis) ganmavlobaSi ubnebs Soris
transportirebuli tvirTis savaraudo moculoba laudebSi naCvenebia
nax.ze., xolo nax warmodgenilia sawarmoo ubnebis ganlageba SenobaSi.
 aseTi informaciis arsebobisas dasawyisSi unda grafikulad
warmovadginoT ubnebs Soris mimdinare sawarmoo nakadi, magaliTad ise,
rogorc naCvenebia grafze. es grafi iqneba sawyisi ubnebis ganlagebis
saukeTeso sqemis Ziebisas.

Aamis Semdeg, ubnebis mocemuli ganlagebisTvis unda ganisazRvros

satransporto danaxarjebi. amisTvis erTi laudis transportirebis
Rirebulebas amravleben ubnebis yovel wyvilSi gadanacvlebul
laudebis raodenobaze. naxazze warmodgenilia saTanado informacia,
romelic Semdegnairad miiReba: wliuri satransporto danaxarjebi 1 da 2
ubans Soris gadanacvlebebze 175 lars Seadgenen (1 lari × 175
gadanacvlebaze), 1 da 5 ubnebs Soris – 60 lars ((2 lari × 30
gadanacvlebaze), 1 da 7 ubnebs Soris – 60 lars (3 lari × 20
gadanacvlebaze); 2 da 7 ubnebs Soris – 240 lars (3 lari × 80
gadanacvlebaze) da a.S. am informaciis safuZvelze iangariSeba
transportirebis jamuri danaxarjebi erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. Naxazze
moyvanili ganlagebisTvis, isini weliwadSi 3474 lars Seadgenen.

bunebrivia, rom moqmedebaTa am TanmimdevrobiT veZebT ubnebis

ganlagebis variants, romelic transportirebis xarjebis minimums
mogvcemda. samwuxarod saqmes arTulebs is garemoeba, rom ganlagebis
variantebis raodenoba metad didia. magaliTad, Cveni 8 ubniani
sawarmosTvis arsebobs ubnebis 8!, anu 40320 SesaZlo ganlageba. magram
problemebi marto amiT ar iwureba. dauSvaT, rom masalebis
transportirebaze danaxarjebis minimizebiT mivediT qveda naxazze
naCveneb variantamde, romlisTvisac danaxarjebis 3244 lars Seadgenen.

magram ubnebis ganlagebis am variantSi, gasaReba-momaragebis ubani

Senobis centris siaxloveSi aRmoCnda, rac albaT ar iqneba
mosaxerxebeli. samkervalo ubani samRebro ubnis siaxloveSi aRmoCnda,
rac iwvevs axladSeRebil detalebze mtvris, qsovilis da Zafis naWrebis
moxvedris saSiSroebas. garda amisa, saTamaSoebis winaswari da saboloo
awyobis ubnebi Senobis sxvadasxva boloSi aRmoCnda. Ees ki gazrdis
muSa-amwyobebis da kontrolioris moZraobis dros, romlebic samuSao
cvlis sxvadasxva momentebSi orive ubanze unda imyofebodnen. yvelaferi
es gviCvenebs, rom ganlagebis saboloo amorCevisas, satransporto
xarjebTan erTad, sxva faqtorebis zegavlenac unda iyos ganxiluli.

1.3.7 warmoebis organizeba sagnobrivi

principiT
ZiriTadi gansxvaveba warmoebis sagnobrivi principiT (e.i. nawarmze
orientirebiT) ganTavsebasa da teqnologiuri principiT (anu
teqnologiaze irientirebiT) ganTavsebas Soris, sawarmoo nakadis
struqturaSia. Warmoebis teqnologiuri principiT organizebis
SemTxvevaSi, nakadis struqtura metad araerTgvarovania da sawarmoo
ciklis ganmavlobaSi masala erTsa da imave teqnologiur ubans SeiZleba
ramodenimejer gadiodes. Sawarmoo procesis sagnobrivi principiT
organizebisas aRWurviloba, an ubnebi produqciis sruliad garkveuli
nairsaxeobebis warmoebisTvis arian gankuTvnili, Seuferxebeli
warmoebis uzrunvelsayofad sarezervo aRWurvilobaa gamoyenebuli da
mTlianobaSi, miRweuli materialuri nakadis wrfivi mimdinareoba.
aRWurvilobis sagnobrivi principiT gantavsebas azri aqvs maSin,
rodesac konkretuli nakeTobebi didi moculobis partiebad iwarmoebian,
xolo gamosaSvebi produqciis asortimentis sul ramodenime
dasaxelebiT Semoifargleba. aseTi situacia nakaduri xazebisTvis aris
damaxasiaTebeli. Termini “nakaduri xazi” aRniSnavs mravaljeradad
ganmeorebad process, romlis calkeuli etapebi erTmaneTTan masalebis
transportirebis saerTo mowyobilobiT arian dakavSirebuli. nakaduri
xazebi, rogorc wesi, gansazRvruli tempiT muSaoben, amasTan TiToeuli
operacia drois Tanabar SualedebSi sruldeba.
yvelaze zogad SemTxvevaSi, nakaduri xazi warmoadgens moZrav
konveiers, romlis gadian samuSao adgilebis (sadgurebis) srul rigs
Sromis sagnebi drois Tanabar intervalebSi gadian. am intervalebis
xangrZlivoba gansazRvravs nakaduri xazis taqts, romelic udris drois
periods gavlils xazze produqciis erTi erTeulis damzadebidan
momdevno erTeulis damzadebis dasrulebamde. TiToeul samuSao
adgilze gansazRvruli teqnologiuri operacia sruldeba. TiToeuli
operacia mravali calkeuli elementisgan, moqmedebebisa da
moZraobebisgan Sedgeba, romlebsac samuSao blokebSi aerTianeben.
nakaduri xazebis marTvis procesebSi garkvevisTvis, aucilebelia
imis codna, Tu rogor xdeba maTi muSaobis drosTan mimarTebaSi
dabalanseba. nakaduri xazis dabalansebis problema yvela operaciebis
iseTi xangrZlivobis SerCevamde daiyvaneba, rom TiToeuli muSa nakaduri
xazis erTi taqtis ganmavlobaSi axerxebdes yvela im samuSao blokis
Sesrulebas, romlebic erT operacias Seadgenen. amasTan, Tavisufali
dro, romelic ar aris gankuTvnili operaciis SesrulebisTvis, unda
iyos minimaluri yvela samuSao adgilze.
Nnakaduri xazis dabalansebisTvis akeTeben Semdegs:
 ageben elementebis Sesrulebis mimdevrobis amsaxvel grafs. Grafi
Sedgeba wreebisa da isrebisgan, wreebis operaciaTa elementebs
asaxaven, isrebi – maTi Sesrulebis rigiTobas.
 sazRvraven nakaduri xazis taqts formuliT:

 angariSoben samuSao adgilebis raodenobis N Teoriul minimums

formuliT:

  Ayalibeben pirvel wess romlis mixedfviTac ganisazRvreba samusao
adgilebze elementebis Sesrulebis rigiToba da meore wess
operaciebis formirebisTvis;
 elementebis da samuSao blokebis TiTo-TiTo damatebiT manam, sanam
operaciis Sesrulebis jamuri dro ar gautoldeba nakaduri xazis
taqts, gansazRvraven operaciis xangrZlivobas pirveli samuSao
adgilisTvis. Semdeg imeoreben am proceduras samuSao
adgilisTvis 2, 3 da a.S. iqamde, sanam ar iqneba gansazRvruli yvela
operacia;
 afaseben balansirebis efeqturobas formuliT:

 Tu efeqturoba arasakmarisi aRmoCnda, atareben xelaxal

balansirebas, operaciaTa formirebis ukve wesis gamoyenebiT.

.
1.3.8 jgufuri teqnologiis da uZravi obieqtis
momsaxurebis principebiT moqmedi sawarmoTa organizeba
aRWurvilobis jgufuri teqnologiis principiT ganTavsebisas, anu
rac igivea, teqnologiuri ujredebis formirebisas, sxvadasxvagvar
aRWurvilobas erT ubanze uyrian Tavs ramodenime iseT nakeTobaze
operaciebis Casatareblad, romlebic erTgvarovania sakonstruqtoro-
teqnologiuri niSnebis mixedviT. amJamad es principi gamoiyeneba
liTondamuSavebisas, kompiuteruli Cipebis (mikrosqemebis) warmoebisas da
saamwyobo samuSaoebSi.
aRWurvilobis jgufuri teqnologiis principiT ganTavsebisgan
maqsimalur ukugebas da upiratesobebs dakveTebiT momuSave da
wvrilseriuli warmoebebi iReben. am upiratesobebs miekuTvnebian:
 pirovnuli urTierTobebis gaumjobeseba. teqnologiuri ujredis
SemadgenlobaSi sul ramodenime muSa Sedis, romlebic qmnian
samuSaoTa dasrulebuli blokis mwarmoebel brigades;
 sawarmoo gamocdilebis swrafi SeZena da dagroveba. muSebs
sxvadasxva tipis detalebis SeZRudul raodenobasTan aqvT saqme.
amitom isini swrafad swavloben, erTi da imave detalebze
Casatarebeli operaciebis xSiri ganmeorebis gamo.
 dausrulebeli warmoebis da masalebis transportirebaze
danaxarjebis Semcireba. Ujredi ramodenime teqnologiur operacias
aerTianebs, amitom detalebi masSi masSi damuSavebisas naklebad
yovndebian da maTi didi maragi ar aris saWiro;
 warmoebis swrafi gamarTva. Sesasrulebel samuSaoTa
nairsaxeobebis raodenobis SezRuduloba, aucilebeli
instrumentebis SedarebiT mcire kompleqts saWiroebs, romelic
swrafad SeiZleba Seicvalos erTi produqciidan meoreze
gadasvlisas.
teqnologiur procesze orientirebuli warmoebidan jgufuri
teqnologiis principiT organizebul warmoebaze gadasvla, sawarmoo
ujredebis formirebis gziT xdeba. saTanado procesi sam stadias
moicavs:
 nakeTobis komponentebis dajgufeba e.w. ojaxebaT, romelTac
damuSavebis saerTo etapebi gaaCniaT. xSirad es stadia yvelaze
ZviradRirebulia, miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebobs saqmis
gamaiolebeli programuli SesaZleblobebi, romlebic detalebis
klasificirebisa da kodirebisTvis arian gankuTvnili;
 komponentebis ojaxebis ZiriTadi nakadebis struqturis gansazRvra,
ris safuZvelzec teqnologiuri procesebis ganTavseba, an
gadanacvleba xdeba;
 aRWurvilobis da teqnologiuri procesebis fizikuri dajgufeba
ujredebSi. Tu am stadiaze gamoirkva, rom garkveuli komponentebi
ver iqneba CarTuli verc erT ojaxSi, an specializebuli
aRWurviloba imis gamo, rom xSirad uwevs sxvadasxva ujreds
mikuTvnebuli samuSaoebis Sesruleba, ver miewereba konkretul
ujreds, aseT daujgufebel nakeTobebs da aRWurvilobas calke e.w.
“narCenebis” ujredSi aTavseben.
specialistebis rekomendaciis Tanaxmad, teqnologiuri ujredebis
organizeba sam SemTxvevaSia rekomendebuli:
 rodesac nakeTobis komponentebis calkeil ojaxebSi dajgifeba
SesaZlebelia;
 rodesac yvela saWiro tipis Carxebi raodenobrivad
dublirebulia da romelimes mwyobridan gamosvla ar amcirebs
ujredis gamtarunarianobas;
 rodesac samuSao centrebi cal-calke mdgom mZime, magram
gadanacvlebad dazga-danadgarebisgan Sedgeba, romelTa damagreba
iatakze SedarebiT martivia.
uZravi obieqtis momsaxurebis principiT aRWurvilobis ganTavseba
gamoiyeneba maSin, rodesac saWiroa msxvilgabaritiani da rTuli
produqciis mcire raodenobiT warmoeba. uZravi nakeTobis warmoebis
organizebisaTvis adgenen aucilebel samuSaoTa Sesrulebis
Tanmimdevrobas, rasac sawarmoo stadiebi gansazRvravs.
aRWurvilobis da komponentebis ganlageba uZravi obieqtis irgvliv,
masalebis teqnologiuri prioritetebis mixedviT dajgufebis principis
dacviT xdeba. magaliTad, gemTmSeneblobaSi moqlonebi, romlebic
nakeTobis mTel konstruqciaSi gamoiyenebian, unda ganTavsdenen gemis
korpusTan axlos, an mis SigniT. Zravis mZime detalebi, romelTa mitana
korpusTan mxolod erTxel xdeba, SeiZleba Sor manZilze iyvnen
ganTavsebuli, xolo amweebi, romelTa gamoyeneba mudmivad xdeba, unda
ganlagdnen korpusTan siaxloveSi. igive princips iyeneben
msxvilgabaritiani aRWurvilobis, magaliTad satvifro wnexebis
montaJisas, rodesac samontaJo samuSaoebi mkacrad dadgenili
TanmidevrobiT sruldeba. aseTive principiT xelmZRvaneloben nakeTobis
awyobisas, romelic misi fuZis montaJiT iwyeba da Semdeg standartuli
blokebis saxis mqone komponentebis damatebiT grZeldeba.