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[O plural dos substantivos geralmente formado com o acrscimo do -s ao substantivo no singular] lamp - lamps cat - cats fork - forks flower - flowers pen - pens
Rule #2 Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, and ch form the plural by adding -es.[Substantivos terminados em s, z, x, sh e ch formam o plural com o acrscimo de -es.] moss - mosses buzz - buzzes box - boxes dish - dishes church - churches
Rule #3 Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by changing -y to -ies.[Substantivos acabados em - y precedidos por consoante, vo para o plural trocando o -y por -ies.] Examples: lady, ladies; city, cities; army, armies
Rule #4 Nouns ending in -y preceded by a vowel form their plurals by adding -s. [Substantivos terminados em -y precedidos por vogal, fazem plural adicionando -s.] Example: boy, boys; day, days
Rule #5 Most nouns ending in - o preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by adding -es.[Muitos substantivos que acabam em -o precedidos por uma consoante, formam plural com a adio de -es.]
Rule #6 Some nouns ending in -f or -fe are made plural by changing -f or -fe to -ves.[Alguns substantivos que acabam em -f ou -fe fazem plural trocando o -f ou -fe por -ves Example: beef, beeves; wife, wives.
SINGULAR appendix index matrix EAU -> EAUX SINGULAR beau bureau tableau *** -> EN SINGULAR child man ox woman *** -> A SINGULAR bacterium corpus criterion curriculum datum genus medium memorandum phenomenon stratum NO CHANGE SINGULAR deer fish means offspring series sheep species OO -> EE SINGULAR foot
PLURAL appendices indeces/indexes matrices/matrixes PLURAL beaux bureaus/bureaux tableaux/tableaus PLURAL children men oxen women PLURAL bacteria corpora criteria curricula data genera media memoranda phenomena strata PLURAL deer fish means offspring series sheep species PLURAL feet
goose tooth A -> AE SINGULAR antenna formula nebula vertebra vita OUSE -> ICE SINGULAR louse mouse
geese teeth PLURAL antennae/antennas formulae/formulas nebulae vertebrae vitae PLURAL lice mice
When finished, try the Nouns That have Irregular Plural Forms Quiz There are some nouns that form the plurals differently. Some nouns change their vowels in the middle of the singular form when forming the plural
one goose
two geese
o o o
o o
&
o
Compounds of words man and woman form plurals the same way:
o
mailman - mailmen
Words that contain the syllable "man" such as in the word human form the plural by adding the letter s as with most plurals. Several nouns form the plural by adding the letters en:
o o
Some words with descriptive adjectives and hyphens form the plural by adding the correct affix to the noun portion of the word.
o o o o o o
father-in-law - fathers-in law mother-in-law - mothers-in-law brother-in-law - brothers-in-law sister-in-law - sisters-in-law attorney-general - attorneys-general secretary-general - secretaries general
There are a number of animals that have the same singular and plural form:
o o
o o o
There are also some animal names that form the plural the same as the singular or use the s or es form:
o o o o o o o o o o o o
antelope - antelope or antelopes cod - cod or cods elk - elk or elks fish - fish or fishes flounder - flounder or flounders grouse - grouse or grouses herring - herring or herrings quail - quail or quails reindeer - reindeer or reindeers salmon - salmon or salmons shrimp - shrimp or shrimps trout - trout or trouts