Nematode Size Infective stage Portal of entry Final location in host Source Organ/ tissue involved

Ascaris lumbricoides

Sign and symptoms

Lab diagnosis

Necator Americanus Stongyloides Stercoralis Ancylostoma Duodenale 20-35 cm long 3.5-5.5 cm long 9-13 mm x 0.35-0.6 mm 2-3 mm long 15-30 cm long 3.0-3.5 cm long 5-11 mm x 0.3-0.45 mm not found as a parasite Fertile eggs Embryonated eggs Filariform larvae Mouth Skin penetration Small intestine Large intestine (caecum) Small intestine Duodenum, Upper jejunum Contaminated soil, food Intestinal mucosa, lungs, Small intestine, ascending Heart, lungs, pulmonary Lungs, alveolar spaces, alveolar walls, bronchial tree, colon, caecum alveoli, bronchial tree, bronchial tree, pharynx, small throat, small intestine pharynx, small intestine intestine Mostly asymptomatic Light infection; Migrate phase; mild and Frequently asymptomatic asymptomatic. If transient pulmonary Pneumonitis (4d to 2w Mild ground itch; local symptomatic, abdominal manifestation. If serious after infection); sudden erythema, oedema, pain, diarrhea, nausea, cases; Loefflers asthma, fever, urticaria loss of appetite syndrome, peripheral tachycardia, Loefflers Diarrhea, abdominal eosinophilia syndrome Heavy infection; pain, GIT bleeding, abdominal pain and Intestinal phase; iron Lactose intolerance, vit A malabsorption distention, bloody deficiency anemia, malabsorption Loefflers syndrome mucoid stool, weight hypoproteinemia, Intestinal obstruction, Hyperinfectio syndrome loss, prolapsed of rectum abdominal pain biliary obstruction, Disseminated ectopic migration strongyloidiasis Transient peripheral Stool examination for Stool examination for Stool examination for eosinophilia eggs; direct smear/conc eggs; direct smear/conc eggs; direct smear/conc technique Sputum contain technique technique eosinophil, Charcot Proctoscopy Stool culture technique; Stool culture technique; Leyden crystal, Ascaris examination; detect harada mori, charcoal harada mori, petri dish larva adult worm culture Examination of duodenal Stool examination for Surface of prolapsed *egg hatches into fluid when stool eggs; direct smear/conc rectum; adult worm rhabditifom larvae (long examination is ve technique buccal cavity and a small Sputum, bronchial Abdominal x-ray genital primordium),

Truchuris trichiura

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filariform larvae (short esophagus, pointed tail)

washings, tracheal aspirates (hyperinfection/ disseminated strongyloidiasis) Drug; thiabendazole, albendazole, ivermectin

Treatment

Prevention

Chemotherapy Drug; mebendazole, albendazole Drug; albendazole, mebendazole Surgical intervention Nasogastric suction after piperazine administered Chemotherapy Treatment of patient Sanitary disposal of feces Avoid using night soil Personal hygiene Cook food well, boiled water filariform larvae rhabditiform larvae filariform rhabditiform larvae

Drug; mebendazole, albendazole Iron replacement therapy Severe anemia need blood transfusion

Wear shoes Antihelminthic treatment Sanitary disposal of feces

*strongiloides stercoralis

notched tail, long esophagus short buccal cavity, large genital primordium sharp tail, short esophagus long buccal cavity, small genital primordium

*hookworm

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