Notre Dame University

Department of Electrical, Computer and Communication

Engineering

WIRELESS HOME SECURITY

SYSTEM
A Senior Project
Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
The Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in the Department
of Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering

Presented By
Farid Rahme
Hisham Fakhry
Michael El Haddad

Advised by:
Dr. Mustapha Hamad

Spring 2006

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this project is to design an inexpensive wireless home security

system, so that low-income families can afford property. Sadly, the poorest communities
are often the ones with the highest crime rates. Though residents of such areas might
benefit from home security services, most of them are not able to afford the high costs of
installing and maintaining such services. In addition, many such services require wires to
be installed within the walls of the house, which is unacceptable by the tenant and/or the
Land Lord.
The ideal home security system would not require professional installation nor would it
be expensive to purchase or maintain. To facilitate unskilled installation, a system should
consist of low-power wireless sensors, which report to a base station. This eliminates the
problems associated with altering a building, as well as allowing the system to be moved
to other residences.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The hardest part about writing the acknowledgment section is to determine where to
begin. Faculty and staff at the university were wonderful to work with and a big help in
making this project come together.
In the course of the project development, there were numerous teachers and friends that
provided crucial advice and support and without their help the project could not be
completed:
The project supervisor: Dr. Mustapha Hamad
Dr. Abdallah Kassem who kindly accepted to serve as a committee member
Eng. Nohra Chekry
Eng. Rodrigue Elias
Finally, we like to thank our families for their understanding and encouragement, who
supported us morally and financially and walked the whole path beside us.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Abstractii
Acknowledgments......iii
List of tables.............viii
List of figures......ix

CHAPTERS:
1.

Introduction .........................................................................................1

2.

Sensors
2.1.

Introduction .4

2.2.

Circular Magnetic Sensor........... 5

2.3

Smoke Detector .......7

2.3.1

Photoelectric (optical) Detectors..7

2.3.2. Advantages of Photoelectric Detector.8

2.3.3. The placement of smoke detectors...9
2.3.4. Maintenance.9
2.3.5. Technical Data...10
2.4

Motion Detector ....11

2.4.1. Installation..11
2.4.2

Technical Data...12

iv

2.5

Temperature Sensor.......13
2.5.1. Description.13
2.5.2. Features..13
2.5.3. Options...14
2.5.4. Technical Data ..14

3.

Microcontroller Features ...15

3.1.

Introduction....15

3.2.

Microcontroller pin configuration..16

3.2.1. Alarm control Unit Board..16
3.2.2

3.3.

Temperature Board18

Microcontroller core features.20

3.3.1. High performance RISC
CPU20
3.3.2. Peripheral
Features.....20
3.3.3. Analog Features.....21
3.3.4 Special microcontroller features.21
3.3.5. CMOS technology.22

4.

Hardware Implementation.23
4.1.

Alarm Control Unit ...24

4.2.

External Keypad and Internal Keypad.......26

4.3.

Liquid Crystal Display...28

4.3.1. Overview28
4.3.2. Pin Description.30
4.3.3. LCD interface with PIC 16F877A....31
4.3.4. LCD Routines....31

4.4.

Electronic lock...32

4.5.

Fire Fighting system..33

4.6.

Temperature Control......35

4.7.

Analog Modulation (AM) Transmission.......39

4.7.1. The RF Transmitter39

4.8.

4.7.2

The Encoder circuit39

4.7.3

The Emitter circuit.41

4.7.4

The RF Receiver....42

4.7.5

The Receiver..42

4.7.6

The decoder circuit43

Relays....45
4.8.1. Pump.45
4.8.2. Fan.46
4.8.3. Horn...47

4.9.
5.

Home Phone Control......48

Software Flowcharts
5.1.

Keypad Monitoring....50

vi

6.

5.2.

Temperature Monitoring....53

5.3.

Alarm Control Unit Monitoring54

5.4.

Fire Fighting, Pump Monitoring....55

Pic Simulator Software53

6.1.

Overview......53

7.

Conclusion...54

8.

Appendix A: Analog Modulation AM - Tx / RC Schematics

Appendix B: Alarm Control Unit Software.
Appendix C: Temperature Control Software
Appendix D: Datasheets

vii

LIST OF TABLES
Table:

Pages

2.1

Smoke Detector Specification10

2.2

Technical data of motion detector.12

2.3

Technical data of Temperature sensor...14

3.1

Alarm control Unit PIC pin configuration16

3.2

Temperature PIC pin configuration..18

4.1

Keypad output voltages.28

4.2

LCD Pin configuration..30

4.3

Temperature voltage output...36

4.4

TX/RC addresses..46

viii

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure:

Pages

2.1

Circular Magnetic Sensor....6

2.2

Light Emitter-Detectors angle degrees...7

2.3

Smoke particles8

2.4

Smoke Detector circuit..10

2.5

Motion Detector.11

2.6

Work of the Motion Detector.12

2.7

Internal view of the thermistor..13

3.1

PIC 16F877A pin configuration16

4.1

Alarm Control Unit Circuit ...23

4.2

PCB of Alarm Control Unit board ...26

4.3

Keypad picture...27

4.4

PCB of keypad..27

4.5

Keypad circuits..27

4.6

Face view of the LCD....29

4.7

Internal connection of an LCD..30

ix

4.8

LCD - PIC interface...31

4.9

Electronic lock...33

4.10

Smoke detector PCB circuit...34

4.11

A/D conversion method.35

4.12

Temperature board PCB38

4.13

Temperature Board circuit.38

4.14

The Emitter block diagram39

4.15

The MC 14502Encoder..40

4.16

The SAW433-MHz Transmitter pin connection41

4.17

The RF transmitter unit..42

4.18

The Receiver block diagram. 42

4.19

The BC-NBK Receiver..43

4.20

The MC 145027 Decoder...43

4.21

The RF Receiver and Decoder unit44

4.22

Pump circuit...46

4.23

Temperature fan circuit..47

4.24

Horn circuit....48

4.25

Dialer Device48

4.26

Dialer Device Circuit49

5.1

Keypad flowchart...50

5.2

Temperature flowchart...51

5.3

Alarm control unit flowchart.52

6.1

Pic Simulator interface...53

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