Cancer Main Findings - Dietary Lycopene

Breast Cancer | Cervical Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | Endometrial Cancer| Gastric/Oral (Upper GI) Cancer | Lung Cancer | Ovarian Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | Prostate Cancer | Renal Cancer | Uterine Cancer | Mortality Findings

Breast Cancer- Main findings

Data support a neutral, although potentially protective, relationship between dietary lycopene and breast cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 10 Risk estimates = 10 o (-) = 4 o N=6

Cervical Cancer- main findings

Data suggest a possible protective relationship between dietary lycopene intake and cervical cancer risk; however studies are few with limited sample size and the p-value for one protective inferring risk estimate was modest (p=0.10).

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 2 Risk estimates = 3 o (-) = 3 Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o GT G. Tom = 1 (-) o Lyc Lyco = 2 (-)

Colorectal Cancer- main findings

Data suggest a neutral relationship between dietary lycopene and colorectal cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 11 Risk estimates (RE) = 11 o (-) = 2 o N=8 o (+) = 1

Endometrial Cancer- main findings

Data suggest a neutral relationship between dietary lycopene and endometrial cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 4 Risk estimates = 4 o (-) = 1 o N=3

Gastric/oral (Upper GI) Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral, although potentially protective relationship for some people between dietary lycopene and gastric/upper GI cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 12 Risk estimates = 12 o (-) = 4 o N=8

Lung Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral, although potentially protective, relationship between dietary lycopene and lung cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies =6 Risk estimates = 6 o (-) = 2 o N=4

Ovarian Cancer- main findings

Data suggest a neutral relationship between dietary lycopene and ovarian cancer risk. Menopausal status may be an important factor for determining benefit of lycopene/lycopene-rich foods. o One study suggested the benefit of dietary lycopene was specific to premenopausal women, whereas alpha-carotene was beneficial in postmenopausal women.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 4 Risk estimates (RE) = 5 o (-) = 2 o N=3 Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o PT P. Tom = 1 (-) o Lyc Lyco = 1 (-), 3 (N)

Pancreatic Cancer- main findings

Data are limited. o 1 Case-control study reported. o Number of cases (n= 201-500) Risk estimate: 2 (-) Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o GT G. Tom = 1 (-) o Lyc Lyco = 1 (-)

Prostate Cancer- main findings

Data support a protective relationship between dietary lycopene intake and prostate cancer risk. Tomatoes (as a general category) or processed tomatoes (specifically) are main sources of dietary lycopene and support a protective effect of tomato/lycopene-rich foods on prostate cancer.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 10 Risk estimates (RE) = 14 o (-) = 9 o N=5 Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o GT G. Tom = 3 (-) o PT P. Tom = 1 (-) o Lyc Lyco = 5 (-), 5 (N)

Renal Cell Cancer- main findings

2 studies reported o 1 CC study (n=767 cases, CC 1:2) RE: N o 1 PC (from pooled PC) study (n= 1478 cases, pooled cohort= 77495) RE: N

Uterine Cancer- main findings

1 study reported

1 PC study (n=6302 cases, cohort 82,512, Nurses Health Study II) RE: N

Mortality- main findings

Total Mortality (EPIC-Spain) [2007, 2008 publications same data, different Journals] o PC study (n=562 deaths of ~ 41,000) RE: (-)

http://www.tomatowellness.com/report/cancer-findings-dietary-lycopene.html#breast

Cancer Main Findings - Plasma/Serum Lycopene and Disease Risk

Bladder/Breast Cancer | Cervical Cancer | Colorectal Cancer | Endometrial Cancer| Gastric/Oral (Upper GI) Cancer | Lung Cancer | Ovarian Cancer | Pancreatic Cancer | Prostate Cancer

Bladder Cancer- main findings

1 study reported o 1 CC study (n=242 cases, CC 1:1) o RE: N

Breast Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral relationship between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and breast cancer risk. The positive (risk) findings require further investigation

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 11 Risk estimates = 11 o (-) = 5 o N=5 o (+) = 1

Cervical Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral, although potentially protective, relationship between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and cervical cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 12 Risk estimates = 12 o (-) = 5 o N=7 Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o GT G. Tom = 1 (-) o Lyc Lyco = 2 (-)

Colorectal Cancer- main findings

Data suggest a protective association between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and colorectal cancer risk; however, the data are limited, based on number and quality of investigations.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 4 Risk estimates = 4 o (-) = 3 o N=1

Endometrial Cancer- main findings

1 study reported. o CC: 28 cases and 140 controls o RE: (-)

Gastric/oral (Upper GI) Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral relationship between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and gastric/upper GI cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 5 Risk estimates = 5 o (-) = 2 o N=3

Lung Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral relationship between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and lung cancer risk.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies =3 Risk estimates = 3 o N=3

Ovarian Cancer- main findings

2 Case-control studies reported o Number of cases (n= 100)

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 2 Risk estimates (RE) = 2 o (-) = 1 o N=1

Pancreatic Cancer- main findings

1 Case-control study reported. o Number of cases (n= 100) o RE: (-) Number of studies = 1 Risk estimates = 1
o

(-) = 1

Prostate Cancer- main findings

Data support a neutral, although potentially protective, relationship between plasma/serum lycopene concentrations and prostate cancer risk. Genetic / SNP relationship with plasma/serum lycopene and aggressive prostate cancer risk. All studies were Case-control (most nested in larger PC studies)

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 15 Risk estimates (RE) = 19 o (-) = 7 o N=4 o (-)/N = 4

http://www.tomatowellness.com/report/cancer-findings-plasmaserum-lycopene.html#breast

Cancer Main Findings - Lycopene Supplementation and Disease Risk

Cancer- main findings

Represented cancer studies: Prostate (n=10), Colorectal (n=2), Breast (n=1). Lycopene supplementation appears to be safe and well tolerated for up to 1 year; however, limited evidence for improving disease status.

Summary of studies and outcomes

Number of studies = 13 Risk estimates (RE) = 16 o (-) = 7 o N=9 o (+) = 0 Risk estimates by Tomato or Lycopene category o GT G. Tom = 0 o PT P. Tom = 0 o F F Tom = 0 o Lyco Lyco = 7 (-), 9 (N)