TERM PROJECT

ELE-102

Topic: .Modern Technology Iused in SMPS and power regulator.

D.O.S 23/11/2009

Submitted to: by:

ARVIND CHANDAN

Submitted

Mr.Mandeep kumar Roll. No. RB4802A20 Section.B4802 Reg.No. 10807 Class B.Tech (ME) 152

Forward converters Flyback circuits. Forward converters are used in medium and high power applications. They can be recognizeed by their power transformer and output choke. Flybacks are favored for low power applications because they employ a transformer that doubles as the input choke Using a transformer as the energystorage element also allows output voltage to be electrically isolated from the input voltage. Advantages of Switch Mode Power Supply Working principal of Switch Mode Power Supply A switching regulator is a circuit that uses an inductor, a tranformer, and a capacitor as energy-storage element to tranfer energy from input to output in discrete packets. Feedback circuitry regulates the energy tranfer to maintain a canstant voltage within the load limits of the circuit. They use some form of pulse-width modulation to alter the on time relative to the off time to effect control. The device used in this to giveen the constraints of frequency and the speed are power ?fets? The use of power ?fets? with fast turnon and turn-off characteristics have made switches that operate comfortable at frequency above 100khz practical. There are two topologies are used Change the output to a different voltage level then the input ( step-up or step-down). Isolate the output from the input. Provide the user with a means to vary the output Can get constant output at variable input. Stabilize the output against the influence of:Source changes (source effect) Load changes (load effect) Temperature changes ( temp. Effect) The passage of time ( time effect or drift) Output short circuit protected.

SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY (SMPS)

Switch mode power supplies(SMPS) are an extraordinary array of high frequency alternative. These are the Switching Regulators offers higher efficiency then liner regulators. In addition the Power Supply SMPS can step-up, down and invert the input voltage.

Applications of Switch Mode Power Supply SMPSs are having wide range of applications some of them are Machine tool industries Security systems (Close Circuit Cameras) Where the size and wight very less is required Audio and vedio application Support supplies with PLC?s Switching power supply, switchedmode power supply or SMPS, is an electronic power supply unit that incorporates a switching regulator. A linear regulator maintains the desired output voltage by dissipating excess power in a pass power transistor, but the SMPS rapidly switches a power transistor between saturation and cutoff with a variable duty cycle whose average is the desired output voltage, result in greater efficiency. Other advantages include more compact and less heat generation from higher efficiency.

SMPS in domestic products such as personal computers often have universal inputs and can accept power from most mains supplies throughout the world. SMPS are used for the motherboard of modern desktop and laptop computers. They are also used for laptops to use the voltage from the battery to power the back light.

* Multiple outputs. * With active PFC. * Power factor: > 0.9 @ 115VAC. * Total power: 150 Watts. * AC input range: 90V - 264 VAC. * Dimension: L 188.5 x W 104.5 x H 60 mm. * AC input: IEC 320-C14 inlet.

Switching power supply can be classified into four types according to the form of input and output voltages: AC to DC (rectifier), DC to DC (voltage converter), AC to AC (frequency changer), and DC to AC (inverter).

POWER SUPPLY: The universe of POWER with Wide range Input and Power boost

Today's industrial requirement for modern power supplies are demanding. They should be universal, slim and have a low profile. That's why there are now three product families from Phoenix contact the extra slim

MINI POWER, the extraordinary low profile STEP POWER and the powerful QUINT POWER for universal use. And what do they have in common? Global connectivity, high operational safety, powerful reserves and feature full international ratings.

Easy to assemble: with coded COMBICON Connectors. Variable output voltage: due to an adjustable output.

Worldwide use is made possible with a consistent wide range input design.

Reliable starting: of complex loads using the power reserve of up to 100% POWER BOOST. STEP POWER: Extra low profile: for installation in operator panels Standardized installation dimensions: for shallow distribution panels

High opearional reliability

QUINT POWER : Clear function monitoring:with professional signaling High system availability:even when a phase fails. Extreme robust... in all areas of application. This is underscrored by the approval from German Lloyd, Variable Output Voltage: due to the adjustable output to compensate for voltage drops on long cables and for charging batteries. Reliable starting: of complexe loads using the power reserve of up to 50% POWER BOOST.

Reliable starting: of complex loads using the current reserve of up to 100%

POWER REGULATOR

MINI POWER Extra slim: with assembled widths of 22.5mm(7/8"), 45mm (1 3/48") and 67.5mm (2 5/8")

any electrical or electronic device that maintains the voltage of a power source within acceptable limits. The voltage regulator is needed to keep voltages within the prescribed range that can be tolerated by the electrical equipment using that voltage. Such a device is widely used in motor vehicles of all types to match the output voltage of the generator to the electrical load and to the charging requirements of the battery. Voltage regulators also are used in electronic equipment in which excessive variations in voltage would be detrimental.

In motor vehicles, voltage regulators rapidly switch from one to another of three circuit states by means of a springloaded, double-pole switch. At low speeds, some current from the generator is used to boost the generators magnetic field, thereby increasing voltage output. At higher speeds, resistance is inserted into the generator-field circuit so that its voltage and current are moderated. At still higher speeds, the circuit is switched off, lowering the magnetic field. The regulator switching rate is usually 50 to 200 times per second.

Electronic voltage regulators utilize solidstate semiconductor devices to smooth out variations in the flow of current. In most cases, they operate as variable resistances; that is, resistance decreases when the electrical load is heavy and increases when the load is lighter.

Voltage regulators perform the same function in large-scale power-distribution systems as they do in motor vehicles and other machines; they minimize variations in voltage in order to protect the equipment using the electricity. In powerdistribution systems the regulators are either in the substations or on the feeder lines themselves. Two types of regulators are used: step regulators, in which switches regulate the current supply, and induction regulators, in which an induction motor supplies a secondary, continually adjusted voltage to even out current variations in the feeder line.

REFERENCES

www.webopedia.com/TERM/V/voltage_regulator en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulator www.tomshardware.com/forum/259338-28-would-smps mascotsystems.tradeindia.com/.../Switch-Mode-Power-SupplySMPS books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0849385784. Wikipedia.com Google.com j.b.gupta