MATHEMATICS 8

UNIT 6

PERCENTS
RATIOS / FRACTIONS / DECIMALS
PERCENT OF A NUMBER
 PERCENT
A PERCENT IS A FRACTION WITH A
DENOMINATOR OF 100

Any fraction having a denominator of 100 is also an

expression of the percent of the whole being discussed.

In such fractions, the numerator is known as the percent, or %

What would sixteen twenty-fifths be
as a percent?
x4

{16 x 4 = 64}

x4

It would be
 RATIOS, FRACTIONS,
DECIMALS, AND
PERCENTS
Fractional numbers can be expressed in several ways:

Fraction Ratio Decimal Percent

 We know the ratio will be

Remember? That line between the numerator

and the denominator is a division line. That
means this fraction is read “23 divided by 37.”

Use your calculator for heaven’s sake!

23 divided by 37 = 0.6216216 or 0.62 (rounded)
0.62 is read 62 one hundredths or
From this, we know the percent is

Look at how the decimal

point moves when changing a
decimal to a fraction. It
moves two to the right.
When changing from a
percent to a decimal, the
decimal point moves two to
the left.
 PERCENT OF A NUMBER
To find the percent of a number, write the percent as a
decimal and then multiply by the number.
Example 2: Something Different

What % of 44 is 11?
Use the two given numbers to create a fraction.
Another way to phrase the question is:
What % is 11 out of 44?

11 divided by 44 = 0.25

0.25 = 25%

Therefore, 11 is 25% of 44
MATHEMATICS 8
UNIT 7

DISCOUNT AND SALE PRICE

PST AND GST
COMMISSION AND INTEREST
FINDING THE PERCENT
 DISCOUNT AND SALE
PRICE

A discount is a certain percentage of a purchase

price that is taken off an object in an attempt to
get consumers to buy the product.
A sale price is the price a consumer pays for a
product after the discount has been subtracted.
A CD player has a regular price of $598.00. One
day, the same CD player goes on sale with a
discount of 25%. What is the new sale price?

1) Find out how much money the discount

represents:
 PST AND GST
THESE ARE TWO TAXES FOUND IN MOST
PARTS OF CANADA. THEY WILL EFFECT THE
FINAL PRICE YOU PAY FOR PRODUCTS THAT
HAVE THESE TAXES APPLIED TO THEM.
A mountain bike sells for $550.00. What will be
the final purchase price after taxes?

Note: The final price is the price you pay after

any discounts have been subtracted and after all
taxes have been added.

In this case, the price of the bike + PST + GST

FINAL PRICE: In Ontario, many items have
both taxes placed on them. In
this case, take the price of the
item and multiply by the two
taxes added together or, 15% .

$550 x 0.15 = $82.50

550.00 + 82.50
= $632.50
 COMMISSION
COMMISSION IS A PERCENT OF THE COST OF
SOME ITEM SOLD. MANY PEOPLE HAVE JOBS
THAT PAY THEM A COMMISSION

A real estate agent makes 3% of the value of any

home he/she sells.
A home selling for $90,000.00 would pay the
agent how much?

90,000.00 x 0.03 = 2,700.00

The agent would make $2,700.00 on the sale
 INTEREST

Interest is the amount of money that is charged by a

lender in order for someone else to use their money.
Banks pay interest to customers based on the
amount of money they have in the bank. Banks
charge interest for customers borrowing money by
taking out loans.
When I borrow money from the bank, I have to
pay interest on top of the original amount that I
borrowed. Interest rates can change daily and
are often of different amounts.

When I pay the bank back, I owe them the

The amount of the

original loan

The amount of money the

bank is charging me to
lend the money
Let’s say I borrowed $20,000.00 at 8% interest to
buy that splashy little sports model. How much
will I have paid the bank after retiring the loan?

Principal = 20,000
Interest = 20,000 x 0.08 = 1,600

I owe the bank $21,600.00

Let’s say the term of my loan was for 48
months. That means that the bank will allow me
to make 48 equal payments in order to pay off
my loan. What will my monthly payments be?

This means that I must pay the bank $450 every month in order to keep the car.
After 48 months, the car is mine.
 100% OF A NUMBER
9% OF A NUMBER IS 72. WHAT IS THE NUMBER?

1) Use the 1% method. To find out what 1% of

the number is, divide the number known by the
percent.

8 is 1% of the number
we’re looking for.

To find 100% of the

number, we multiply what
1% is by 100