Kinematics

1-D
Problem 1 Y 12.84 A subway train starts from rest at a station and accelerates at a rate
of 1.60 m/s for 14.0 s. It runs at constant speed for 70.0 s and slows down at a rate of
2
3.50 m/s until it stops at the next station. Find the total distance covered.
2
Ans. 1796.4 s
Problem 2. Y 12.42 A brick is dropped (zero initial speed) from the roof of a building.
The brick strikes the ground in 2.50 s. You may ignore air resistance, so the brick is in
free fall.
a How tall, in meters, is the building?
/ What is the magnitude of the bricks' velocity just before it reaches the ground?
Ans. 30.625 m 24.5 a /
m
s
Problem 3. Y 12.48 A large boulder is ejected vertically upward from a volcano with
an initial speed of 40.0 m/s. Air resistance may be ignored.
a At what time is it moving at 20.0 m/s upward?
/ At what time is it moving at 20.0 m/s downward?
c When is the displacement of the boulder from its initial position zero?
d When is the velocity of the boulder zero?
Ans. a / c d 4.08 2.04 s 6.12 s 8.16 s s
Problem 4. On Earth, a kangaroo can jump to a vertical height of 2.7 m . If the kangaroo
were to jump on the Moon, where the gravitational acceleration is one sixth that of Earth,
how high would the kangaroo jump?
Ans. m 16.2
Problem 5. Y 12.81 A football is kicked vertically upward from the ground and a
student gazing out of the window sees it moving upward past her at 5.00 m/s. The
window is 12.0 m above the ground. You may ignore air resistance.
a How high does the football go above ground? Ans. 13.3 m
/ How much time does it take to go from the ground to its highest point? Ans. 1.65 s
2-D
Problem 6. A daring 510-N swimmer dives off a cliff with a running Y 18.12
horizontal leap, as shown on the diagram. What must her minimum speed be just as she
leaves the top of the cliff so that she will miss the ledge at the bottom, which is 1.75 m
wide and 9.00 m below the top of the cliff?
1. 75 m
9.0 m
Ans. 1.8
m
s
Problem 7. A man stands on the roof of a 15-m-tall building and throws a Y 18.28
rock with a velocity of magnitude 30.0 m/s at an angle of 33.0 above the horizontal. You
can ignore air resistance. Calculate
a the maximum height above the roof reached by the rock
/ the magnitude of the velocity of the rock just before it strikes the ground;
c the horizontal distance from the base of the building to the point where the rock
strikes the ground
d a t j t t t Draw vs. , vs. , vs. , and vs. graphs for the motion
a j
Ans. m, 34.6 m/s, m a 18.6 / c 108
Problem8. A cannon, located 60.0 m from the base of a vertical 25.0-m-tall Y 18.26
cliff, shoots a 15-kg shell at 43.0 above the horizontal toward the cliff.
a What must the minimum initial velocity be for the shell to clear the top of the cliff?
/ The ground at the top of the cliff is level, with a constant elevation of 25.0 m above
the cannon. Under the conditions of part , how far does the shell land past the edge of a
the cliff?
Ans. a 82.64 / 0
m
s
m
Rotational Motion
Problem 9. The earth has a radius of 6380 km. Y 18.20
a What is the radial acceleration of an object at the earth's equator?
/ a q If at the equator is greater than , objects would fly off the earth's surface and into
vad
space. What would the period of the earth's rotation have to be for this to occur?
Ans. 0.034 m/s 1.4 h
2
= 0.0084q /
Problem 10. The radius of the earth's orbit around the sun (assumed to be Y 18.82
circular) is 1.50 km. Assuming the earth orbits at a constant speed, 10
8
a What is the magnitude of the magnitude of the orbital velocity of the earth in m/s?
/ What is the centripetal acceleration of the earth toward the sun in m/s
2
Ans. a 2.00 10 = 20.0 / .0 10
4 8 2 m km
s s
m/s