Clinical Medications Worksheets
Generic Name Trade Name Classification
phytonadione Vitamin K fat-soluble vitamins,
Antifibrinolytic Agents
Peak Onset Duration
3-6 hr 1-2 hr 12-14 hr
Why is your patient getting this medication
Hypoprothrombinemia due to Vitamin K Deficiency
Mechanism of action and indications
(Why med ordered)
Required for hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors II
(prothrombin), VII, IX, and X
Interactions with other patient drugs, OTC or herbal
medicines (ask patient specifically)
No known interactions for this patient
Nursing Process- Assessment
(Pre-administration assessment)
Monitor for frank and occult bleeding (guaiac
stools, Hematest urine, and emesis). Monitor pulse
and blood pressure frequently; notify physician
immediately if symptoms of internal bleeding or
hypovolemic shock develop. Inform all personnel
of patient's bleeding tendency to prevent further
trauma. Apply pressure to all venipuncture sites
for at least 5 min; avoid unnecessary IM injections
Dose Route Time/frequency
10mg SQ daily
Normal dosage range
10 mg daily
For IV meds, compatibility with IV drips and/or solutions
N/A
Nursing Implications (what to focus on)
Contraindications/warnings/interactions
Hypersensitivity, Hypersensitivity or intolerance to benzyl alcohol
(injection only), use cautiously in impaired liver function
Common side effects
No known common side effects for this drug
Lab value alterations caused by medicine
Prothrombin time (PT) should be monitored prior to and throughout
vitamin K therapy to determine response to and need for further
therapy
Be sure to teach the patient the following about this medication
Instruct patient to take this medication as ordered. If a dose is missed,
take as soon as remembered unless almost time for next dose. Notify
health care professional of missed doses. Cooking does not destroy
substantial amounts of vitamin K. Patient should not drastically alter
diet while taking vitamin K. Caution patient to avoid IM injections
and activities leading to injury. Use a soft toothbrush, do not floss, and
shave with an electric razor until coagulation defect is corrected.
Advise patient to report any symptoms of unusual bleeding or bruising
(bleeding gums; nosebleed; black, tarry stools; hematuria). Patients
receiving vitamin K therapy should be cautioned not to take OTC
medications without advice of health care professional. Advise patient
to inform health care professional of medication regimen prior to
treatment or surgery. Advise patient to carry identification at all times
describing disease process. Emphasize the importance of frequent lab
tests to monitor coagulation factors.
Assessment Evaluation
Why would you hold or not give this med? Check after giving
Toxicity (hemolytic anemia, brain damage), Prevention of spontaneous
clot formation (e.g., DVT, pulmonary emboli) bleeding or cessation of bleeding
in patients with
hypoprothrombinemia secondary
to impaired intestinal absorption
or oral anticoagulant, salicylate,
or anti-infective therapy.