The term is in common use in the Hawaiian islands, where the Klauea volcano, on the island of Hawaii, has

been erupting continuously since 1983. Based on June 2008 measurements, Klauea emits 2,000 - 4,000 tons of sulfur dioxide every day.[1] Vog is created when volcanic gases (primarily oxides of sulfur) react with sunlight, oxygen and moisture. The result includes sulphuric acid and other sulfates.[2] Vog is made up of a mixture of gases and aerosols which makes it hard to study and potentially more dangerous than either on their own.[3] The chemicals in photochemical smog include nitrogen oxides, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), ozone, and PAN (peroxyacytyl nitrate). Nitrogen oxides mostly come from the engines of cars and trucks. VOCs are given off by paint, gasoline, and pesticides. Ozone is a form of oxygen that is harmful. PAN is a type of pollution that is made by chemical reactions between other kinds of pollution. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemicals that have a high vapor pressure at ordinary, room-temperature conditions. Their high vapor pressure results from a low boiling point, which causes large numbers of molecules to evaporate from the liquid or solid form of the compound and enter the surrounding air. An example is formaldehyde, with a boiling point of 19 C (2 F), slowly exiting paint and getting into the air. Peroxyacetyl nitrate is a secondary pollutant present in photochemical smog. PAN, is an oxidant more stable than ozone. Hence, it has capabilities of long-range transport greater than that of ozone. It serves as a carrier for oxides of nitrogen (NOx) into rural regions . LOndon Smog medical reports estimated that 4,000 people had died prematurely and 100,000 more were made ill because of the smog's effects on the human respiratory tract. ] It is considered the worst air pollution event in the history of the United Kingdom.New regulations were implemented, restricting the use of dirty fuels in industry and banning black smoke various pieces of legislation, such as the City of London (Various Powers) Act 1954 and the Clean Air Acts of 1956 and 1968, restricted air pollution greatly. London Smog - This type of smog comes from coal smoke combining with the water vapor and liquid water in cool, humid or foggy air. L.A. smog has been identified as coming from auto exhaust Geographical Factors

Mountains stop the horizontal transport of smog, or divert it in another direction, unless the wind is strong enough to blow over the mountain (not likely to happen in L.A., due to the inversion that prevents vertical mixing). Since secondary pollution forms after the emission of primary pollution, we are likely to find the higher secondary pollution concentrations downwind of the source region