Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
4-Day Course on
Engineered Sealing
Systems
y
11-13 November 2003
11-
John Crane EAA Training Centre,Manchester, UK
What
Wh t do
d you do?
d ?
Anyy expectations
p or requirements?
q
2
International Customer Training Manager
John Blaber
3
Programme
Smiths & John Crane Hydraulic Balance
Pumps and Rotating Environment off Seals
Equipment Multiple Seals
Gl d Packing
Gland P ki Cartridge Seals
Mech. Seal Theory Spiral Groove Seals
Lapping Coding (Overview)
Pump Assembly Checks Seal Selection Basics
Hands-on Assembly and
Hands- Ê Apply new knowledge
Fitting Split Seals
Seal Failure Analysis
4
Smiths Group plc
Over
O 26,000
26 000 employees
l world
world-
ld-wide
id
£998 M £ 86 M
£486
Over 12,000 employees Over 2,500 employees
26 000+ Employees
26,000+
Speciality Detection
Engineering Systems
£872 M £273 M
Over 10,000 employees Over 1,500 employees
John Crane International
M h i l Seals
Mechanical S l
£445 M
Sealant Supply Systems
Over 6,000 employees
Fl ibl Couplings
Flexible C li
Bearing Protectors
3D Modelling
M d lli
John Crane International
Operating in 47 countries
Manufacturing
f in 17 countries
30 manufacturing sites
9
John Crane: Product Size Range
10
History
John Crane founded in 1917 – Chicago, Illinois, USA
11
Major Historical Events
1917 - John Crane founded in USA
1923
923 - John
h Crane
C UK subsidiary
b d established
bl h d
14
Sales and Service Sites
15
Mechanical Seals Market
*BW/IP 6%
Eagle/NOK 9%
18
Centrifugal Pumps
19
Centrifugal Pump Basics
Vanes
Impeller
Vanes rotates at
impart high speed
centrifugal
force.
20
Centrifugal Pump
Build--Up
Build
22
Centrifugal Pump
23
Centrifugal Pump
.
24
Pump Assembly Checks
25
Centrifugal Pump
26
Centrifugal Pump
27
Centrifugal Pump
28
Centrifugal Pump
29
Centrifugal Pump Basics
Discharge Stuffing Box
Impeller
(Seal Chamber)
Vanes
Suction
Mechanical Seal
Bearings Coupling.
or Gland Packing
30
Many Types of Coupling
31
Membrane Design Coupling
32
Centrifugal Pump Basics
Wear rings “Balance” holes
B k vanes
Back
33
Centrifugal Pump Basics
Balancing
wear rings.
g
Minimum stuffing
box pressure
Pseal =
Vertical Pumps:
stuffing box can
be at Discharge
Pressure
34
Centrifugal Pump
Many varied designs
Ê vertical
Ê double ended
Ê horizontal split casing
Ê multi--stage
multi g
Ê close coupled
Ê bell housing
Ê axial flow
Ê etc . . .
35
Centrifugal Pump - Close Coupled
36
Vortex Breaker
37
Centrifugal Pump - Multi
Multi--Stage
.
38
Between Bearing - Double Suction
39
Vertical - Rigid Coupling
40
Positive Displacement Pump
P
Progressive
i Cavity
C i Pump
P
41
Progressive Cavity Pump
42
Positive Displacement Pump
Outlet Inlet
44
Mixers / Agitators / Reactors
Ê T Entry
Top E t
Ê Bottom Entry
Ê Side Entry
45
Mixers / Agitators / Reactors
46
Mixers / Agitators / Reactors
47
Mixers / Agitators / Reactors
48
Key Equipment
Other equipment includes
Ê air and gas compressors
Ê refrigeration compressors
Ê t bi
turbines (steam
( t and
d water)
t )
Ê dryers
Ê conveyors
Ê anywhere a rotating shaft passes through a
stationary
t ti h
housing
i where
h product
d t has
h to
t be
b
contained
Ê agitato s / mi
agitators mixers
e s / reactors
eacto s
49
Centrifugal Gas Compressor
50
Shaft Turning
51
Wringing
52
S lf Assessment
Self A
Questions / Answers
54
Question 2
55
Question 3
56
Question 4
57
Question 5
58
Question 6
59
Question 7
60
Question 8
61
Typical Pump
62
Typical Pump - Sectioned
63
Typical Pump - Sectioned
64
Gland
Gl d Packing
P ki
Brief Overview
66
Gland Packing
Leakage is essential to
cool and lubricate Abrasives?
68
Gland Packing
69
Gland Packing - Abrasives
72
Amount of Fluid Lost Due to Small Leakage
1 Minute Loss = 0.004 litre 1 Minute Loss = 0.26 litre
1 Hour Loss = 0.35 litre 1 Hour Loss = 15.6 litres
1 Day Loss = 8.3 litres 1 Day Loss = 374.0 litres
1 Week Loss = 58.0 litres 1 Week Loss = 2,616.0 litres
One Drop Per Second 1 Month Loss = 255.0 litres ø1.6 mm Stream 1 Month Loss = 11,337.0 litres
1 Year Loss = 3,070.0 litres 1 Year Loss = 136,045.0 litres
73
Gland Packing
Desirable properties for material
Ê pliable
li bl - conform
f tto shaft
h ft and
d gland
l db bore
Ê resist swelling and product attack
Ê elastic
l i - absorb
b b shaft
h f gyrations
i
Ê self--lubricating - low heat generation
self
Ê good conductor or heat
Ê not wear shaft or sleeve
Ê slow volume loss - minimum adjustment
Ê withstand pressure
Ê not deteriorate with heat.
74
Table of pH Values
4% NaOH Sodium Hydroxide = 14.0 14 Maximum Alkali
13
0.04% NaOH Sodium Hydroxide = 12.0 12 Severe Alkali
0.017% NH3 Ammonia Solution = 10.6
11
10
9 Mild Alkali
Sea Water = 8.3
8
Pure Water = 7.0 7 Neutral
Milk = 6.4
6
Beer = 4.5
5 Mild Acid
4
Vinegar = 3.1
3
Lemon Juice = 2.3
2 Strong Acid
0.49% H2SO4 Sulphuric Acid = 1.2
1
3.6% HCl Hydrochloric Acid = 0.1 0 Maximum Acid
75
Gland Packing
pH Range
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Polyimide
Glassfibre
Flax
PTFE
Graphite
Aramid
76
Gland Packing
78
Gland Packing
K40 Tape
.
K40 Pre
Pre--Formed Rings
79
Gland Packing
Packing
extruding Excessive
through neck wear due to
bush incorrect
adjustment
of gland nuts.
81
Gland Packing
Disadvantages Advantages
Ê Leaks Ê Cheap
Health & Safety Ê Fit without stripping
Housekeeping Ê Simple to fit
Corrosion
Environment
Cost
Ê Wears shaft / sleeve
Ê Not self-
self-adjusting
Ê Power consumption
Ê Open to tampering
Ê R -in
Run-
Run i time
ti required
i d
82
Gland Packing – Cheap?
GLAND PACKING Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Packing cost per gland £31.42 £47.12 £31.42
Labour cost to repack £144.00 £216.00 £144.00
Labour cost for adjus tm ents £40.80 £40.80 £40.80
Cost of s leeves (incl. labour to fit) £640.00 £640.00 £0.00
Cost of wasted packing (10%) £3.14 £4.71 £3.14
Cleaning costs £24.00 £24.00 £24.00
Power cost to overcom e packing friction £539.84 £539.84 £539.84
Cost of product los s £0.00 £0.00 £0.00
TOTAL COSTS FOR PACKING £1,423.19 £1,512.47 £783.19
83
Gland Packing – No Stripping?
Is pum p rem otely located (15 m ins +) Y or N N
Gland Packing m anufacturer Jam es Runner
Gland Packing Type/Style Bonzo 630J
Gland Packing cros s section Inches or m m 3/8"
Num ber of turns per stuffing box 5
Packing cos t per m etre £/m etre £20.00
Average packing life Weeks 20.00
How often is packing adjusted/checked Num ber/m onth 1.00
Is pres ent s leeve in good condition Y or N N
Cost of new s leeve £'s £520.00
A
Average sleeve
l lif
life W k
Weeks 78
8
Average running tim e per day Hours /day 24.00
Num ber of tim es pum p cleaned externally Num ber/m onth 1
Tim e to clean pum p Hours 0.10
Product cos t per cubic m etre Pence/1000 litres 0.00
Labour cost per hour £/hour £20.00
Electricity cost per kWh Pence/KWh 8.50
Minim um Mechanical Seal life Years 3
Gland Packing
Have to strip the pump every 78 weeks or less to
fit new sleeve
Mechanical Seal
Have to strip the pump every 156 weeks or
longer to fit new mechanical seal
84