Statistic 2 2011

A. Test Means of Two Independent Samples by Using Z-test

The testing of the two means of independent samples by using Z-test is used if the amount
of data greater than or equal to 30. The steps of analyze of two mean of independent
samples by using Z-test can be described such the following steps.
1. Formulating hypothesis
Right tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1>2 (the first sample bigger than second sample)
Left tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1<2 (the first sample smaller than second sample)
Two tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H0 : 12 (the first value of sample is not equal to second sample)
2. Determining the significant level and the value of Z table (Z)
Determining the value of according the problem, then the value of Z or Z/2 from the
table Z-score.
3. Testing criteria
Right tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 1>2;
H0 is accepted if Z0 Z
H0 is rejected if Z0 > Z
Left tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 1<2;
H0 is accepted if Z0 Z
H0 is rejected if Z0 < Z
Two tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 12;
H0 is accepted if Z/2 Z0 Z/2
H0 is rejected if Z0 > Z/2 or Z0 < - Z/2

Group 9 Task 2

Statistic 2 2011
4. Testing statistics
If the standard deviation of the population () is known, then
Z0

X1 X 2

X X
1

where X

1X2

12
n1

22
n2

................................................................. 1)

While, the standard deviation of the population is unknown, then

X X2
where s X X
Z0 1
1
2
sX X
1

s12 s 22
.................................................................... 2)

n1 n2

5. Making a conclusion
Conclude about accepting or rejecting H0
If H0 is accepted so H1 is rejected
If H0 is rejected so H1 is accepted

B. Test Means of Two Independent Samples by Using T-test

T-test is one of the statistical tests used to test the truth or falsity of the hypothesis that the
mean between two samples taken randomly from the same population, no significant
difference. In testing the two independent samples by using T-test should be considered
about the some requirements test, like normality test of sample distribution and the
homogeny test for both sample distribution. The procedure of testing this t-test is like the
following steps.
1. Formulating hypothesis
Right tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1>2 (the first sample bigger than second sample)
Left tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1<2 (the first sample smaller than second sample)
Two tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H0 : 12 (the first sample is not equal to second sample)
2. Determining significant level
Degree of freedom for t-test (df) = (n1 n2) - 2; for n is the number of sample. If one
tiled test uses = 0.05 or = 0.01, however, if two tiled test uses /2 = 0.025 or 0.005.

Group 9 Task 2

Statistic 2 2011
3. Criteria testing hypothesis
Right tiled test
Ho is accepted if tcal ttab()
Ho is rejected if tcal > ttab()
Left tiled test
Ho is accepted if tcal ttab()
Ho is rejected if tcal < ttab()
Two tiled test
Ho is accepted if t tab(/2) t0 t tab(/2)
Ho is rejected if t0 > t tab(/2) or t0 < - t tab(/2)
4. Testing statistics
In statistical testing for the mean equality of paired sample generally uses the following
formulas:
1. Determining the mean value of each sample
M1
M2

n1

............................................................................................................ 1)

........................................................................................................... 2)

n2

2. Determining standard deviation of each sample

s1

s2

(X

i1

X1)2

n1

(X

i2

X 2 )2

n2

............................................................................................ 3)

........................................................................................... 4)

3. Determining standard error of mean for each sample ( SEM i )

SEM 1
SEM 2

s1
n1 1
s2
n2 1

...................................................................................................... 5)

..................................................................................................... 6)

4. Determining standard error difference of mean between both sample ( SEM i )

SE M1 M 2 SE M1 SE M 2 ................................................................................... 7)
2

Group 9 Task 2

Statistic 2 2011
5. Determining to

t0

M1 M 2
......................................................................................................... 8)
SEM1 M 2

5. Making a conclusion
Conclude about accepting or rejecting H0
If H0 is accepted so H1 is rejected
If H0 is rejected so H1 is accepted

C. Test Means of Two Dependent Samples by Using Z-test

The terms to be able to use the Z-test in testing the mean equality of two dependent
samples is two samples have a correlation, either positive or negative correlation.
Correlation coefficient will be used to modify and determine the value of the Z-score. The
procedure of testing means of two independent samples follows the steps bellow.
1. Formulating hypothesis
Right tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1>2 (the first sample bigger than second sample)
Left tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H1 : 1<2 (the first sample smaller than second sample)
Two tiled test
H0 : 1=2 (the both sample are same)
H0 : 12 (the first sample is not equal to second sample)
2. Determining the significant level and the value of Z table (Z)
Determining the value of according the problem, then the value of Z or Z/2 from the
table Z-score.
3. Testing criteria
Right tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 1>2;
H0 is accepted if Z0 Z
H0 is rejected if Z0 > Z

Group 9 Task 2

Statistic 2 2011
Left tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 1<2;
H0 is accepted if Z0 Z
H0 is rejected if Z0 < Z
Two tiled test
For H0 : 1= 2 and H1 : 12;
H0 is accepted if Z/2 Z0 Z/2
H0 is rejected if Z0 > Z/2 or Z0 < - Z/2
4. Testing statistics
1. Determining the standard deviation of each sample

(X

X )2

n 1

................................................................................................ 1)

2. Determining the Z-score of each sample

ZX

XX
.......................................................................................................... 2)
sX

ZY

Y Y
............................................................................................................ 3)
sY

3. Determining the Pearson coefficient of correlation

r

ZY

.......................................................................................................... 4)

4. Determining the Z-score

Z 0 r n 1 .......................................................................................................... 5)

5. Making a conclusion
Conclude about accepting or rejecting H0
If H0 is accepted so H1 is rejected
If H0 is rejected so H1 is accepted

Group 9 Task 2