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INTRODUCTION
Home Networking is the collection of elements that process, manage, transport, and store information, enabling the connection and integration of multiple computing, control, monitoring, and communication devices in the home. The price of home computers keep falling, while the advantages for consumers from being connected online investing and shopping, keeping in touch with long distance friends and tapping the vast resource of the Internet CE keep multiplying. No wonder an increasing number of households own two or more PCs. Until recently, the home network has been largely ignored. However, the rapid proliferation of personal computers (PCs) and the Internet in homes, advancements in telecommunications technology, and progress in the development of smart devices have increasingly emphasized the need for an in home networking. Furthermore, as these growth and advancement trends continue, the need for simple, flexible, and reliable home networks will greatly increase.
HomeNetworking
Overview
The latest advances in the Internet access technologies, the dropping of PC rates, and the proliferation of smart devices in the house, have dramatically increased the number of intelligent devices in the consumers premises. The consumer electronics equipment manufacturers are building more and more intelligence into their products enabling those devices to be networked into clusters that can be controlled remotely. Advances in the Wireless communication technologies have introduced a variety of wireless devices, like PDAs, Web Pads, into the house. Advent of multiple PCs and smart devices into the house, and the availability of high-speed broadband Internet access, have resulted in in-house networking needs to meet the following, Requirements of the consumers: Simultaneous internet access to multiple home users Sharing of peripherals and files Home Control/Automation Multi-player Gaming Connect to/from the workplace Remote Monitoring/Security Distributed Video The home networking requirement introduces into the market a new breed of products called Residential Gateways. A Residential Gateway (RG) will provide the necessary connectivity features to enable the consumer to exploit the advantages of a networked home. The RG will also provide the framework for Residential Connectivity Based Services to reach the home. Examples of such Residential Connectivity Based Services include: Video on Demand, IP Telephony, Home Security & Surveillance, Remote Home Appliance Repair & Trouble shooting, Utility/Meter Reading, Virtual Private Network Connectivity and Innovative E-commerce solutions.
HomeNetworking
Using a reusable framework for home service gateway architecture, offers end-to-end product design and realization services for the residential gateways. Coupled with our standards based and ready-to-deploy home networking components & solutions (like the Wipro BlueTooth Stack, IEEE 1394 core, Voice Over Broadband Infrastructure, Embedded TCP/IP Stack etc.), our customers can enjoy the much need time to market advantage and competitive edge.
HomeNetworking
The Technology Components in the Domain of Home Networking are: Broadband Access Networks (DSL, Cable, Broadband Wireless) that provides the ubiquity of always ON high-speed digital pipe to the Home. In-Home Networking Topologies (both wired and wireless), that interconnect the various devices of the home. Residential Gateway Device, capable of interconnecting the Broadband Access Network and the Home Area Network. This device should be capable of delivering valued services to Home. Device Access Technologies that facilitate the discovery and interplay of the home devices and services.
HomeNetworking
Broadband Technology Digital Satellite VDSL Digital Telephony Digital Cable Digital Wireless Cable Digital Terrestrial US Digital Terrestrial DVD ADSL Digital Telephony SDSL Digital Telephony Cable Modem 3G Wireless
Max Bandwidth 52 Mbps 52 Mbps 38.8 Mbps 38.8 Mbps 19.39 Mbps 18.3 Mbps 8 Mbps 1.5 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps
Min Bandwidth 2 Mbps 128 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 19.39 Mbps 2 Mbps 128 Mbps 7.5 Mbps 128 Mbps 384 Mbps
HomeNetworking
Based on the topology alternative available, the in-home networks can be classified as shown in the Figure 5: Wired home networks -Use of existing home wiring & New wiring alternatives. Wireless home networks CE No need of any wires new or old.
HomeNetworking
Figure 6:Forms of Residential Gateway It is clear that making the broadband available does not achieve much unless the bandwidth available is tapped to provide services to the customer. A Services Gateway (SG) is a device through which multiple services can be delivered over Wide Area Networks to the Local Area Networks and devices situated in the home. The Services Gateway provides a focal point for service providers to deliver services to devices on the home network client.
HomeNetworking
Figure 7: Residential Service Delivery A Home residential gateway, which provides the basic functionality of media matching between the broadband access network and the in-home network can function as a service gateway, by conforming to the OSGi framework.
HomeNetworking
OSGi (Open Services Gateway Initiative) is a consortium of over 30 companies working on the development of open standards and specifications for the services gateway. The services gateway can enable, consolidate, and manage voice, data, Internet, and multimedia communications to and from the home, office and other locations. The services gateway can also function as an application server for a range of high value services such as energy management and control, safety and security services, health care monitoring services, device control and maintenance, electronic commerce services and more.
Device co-ordination essentially means providing a subset of the following capabilities to a device: Ability to announce its presence to the network. Automatic discovery of devices in the neighborhood and even those located remotely. Ability to describe its capabilities as well as query/understand the capabilities of other devices. Self-configuration without administrative intervention. Seamless inter-operability with other devices wherever meaningful.
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Infrastructure reuse Technological Options for Home networking should re-use the existing wiring infrastructure of the home (i.e. electric lines, phone extension sockets etc.) or use wireless mode of communication. People may not like to dig their walls for the sake of rewiring the home or people may not like dangling wires everywhere in the home. Low Cost Home networking solutions should be of less cost. When the cost of the domestic appliances like TV; Fridge etc. are not more a few hundred dollars, the residential users may not be willing to pay more for the networking infrastructure and solutions. Simplicity Home networking, products, solutions should be very easy to use. Since the residential user may not be computer/IT literate, the technologies should be as consumer friendly as possible. This challenge is a positive point for the consumer electronics companies (unlike the traditional Computer and Networking majors) who know the real pulse of the residential consumer. Reliability Home networking products should be very reliable, since they need to operate round the clock. In the view of the consumer, the home networking products are just like a protocol should also be highly secure and tamper proof.
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Conclusion
The latest advances in the Internet access technologies, the dropping of PC rates, and the proliferation of smart devices in the house, have dramatically increased the number of intelligent devices in the consumer premises. The home networking requirement introduces into the market a new breed of products called Residential Gateways. A Residential Gateway (RG) will provide the necessary connectivity features to enable the consumer to exploit the advantages of a networked Home. The RG will also provide the framework for Residential Connectivity Based Services to reach the home. The paper further discusses Challenges for Home Networking and Home Networking Technologies.
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References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_network http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/networking/home-networking.html Residential Broadband CE George Abe CE Cisco Press Network Protocols for the Home CE John Canosa CE Published in Embedded.com Magazine. The emerging market for Home Networking Technology and Services, Cahners Instat Group, Feb 2000