AVT 721

Clap switch an acoustic remote control

A series of "do-it-yourself" sets for beginners.

This attractive and simple design will amaze your friends and relatives. Recommendations: the device is particularly recommended to experimenters, electronic improver s and to all those wanting to use remote control.

The circuit is loud-clap responsive. It exhibits amazingly low sensitivity to sounds familiar to our surroundings such as speech or low volume music. Every time it is clap-triggered it flip-flops the output. This is signalled by a two-colour light emitting diode LED. Supplemented by a high load driver circuit, for example a relay, the AVT721 kit can be used to switch a bed-side lamp on and off.

Electrical characteristics
2-pin electret microphone 5 m operation range clap-triggered, unresponsive to other sound operational signalling by a two-colour LED diode optional output stage: relay or power transistor 715VDC power supply

AVT 721 Clap switch - an acoustic remote control

Opis ukadu
The circuit is composed of two main blocks: an acoustic sensor with an amplifier and a T-type trigger built on the U1 4017 decade counter (CMOS 4017). Any signal from the electrets? microphone is amplified by the T1T3 transistor circuit. The necessary negative feedback is delivered by the R4 and C2 passives. The amplifier is unlike any other because it amplifies only high frequency signals. Thanks to this feature it is practically insensitive to low-pitched speech or music. The C2 capacitor almost causes a short circuit at high acoustic frequencies so the T1 transistor stage delivers high gain for such signals. The stage has gain close to 1 at low frequencies because the C2 capacitor has high reactance while the value of R4 is equal to R3. A strong signal with high-pitched tones causes the circuit to operate. Positive halves of microphone signal drive the T1 which in turn opens the T3. The voltage at the R7 increases. The amplifier is not typical as it contains the R7, C4 circuits and an additional buffer-follower on the T2 transistor. By clapping hands the C4 capacitor is charged fast through the T3 transistor and then it is discharged slowly through the R7. Thanks to the T2 buffer a positive pulse occurs at the R4 and consequently at the clock input of the IC4017. The pulse increases the counter. The T1 transistor is cut off due to higher voltage at the R8 and consequently at the C2. Because of this, the amplifier is put in the off-state mode while the C4 is discharged through R7. The C4 memory-like capacitor guarantees the onepulse count only. It also blocks the amplifier for about a second, which guarantees the correct work of the U2 counter used here as a T-type trigger. The 4017 CMOS counter works as the T-type trigger. It counts like this: 0-1-0-1 etc. This is achieved by connecting the Q2 output to the reset input RST. The additional R5 C3 circuit resets the counter after powering up. The current state of the trigger is shown by the two-colour LED diode. It changes the colour of its light on each clap.

electret microphone

Figure 1. Schematic diagram

!
Cathode Anode
ACA

Anode
A A

Cathode

AVT 721 Clap switch - an acoustic remote control

Assembly and test

The components must be soldered to the PCB in the right order. The wire jumper should be soldered near components C2 and R9. During assembly a lot of care should be taken to solder in the components in accordance with their polarity, namely the electret microphone, the C5 capacitor, the transistors and the diodes. The 1-pin mark on the IC socket must correspond to the draft on the PCB. The microphone negative pin is connected to the metal-can enclosure. After assembling the circuit all the components must be checked that they have not been reversely soldered, that they are in their correct places and that the pads are separated from each other. If they touch each other at any point electrical short circuits are likely to occur. A 9V battery or a regulated power supply can be connected once the circuit has been checked in respect of its correct assembly. If assembled properly with all its good components in their correct places it will work instantly. The R10, T4 components are not assembled in the basic version. The two colour LED diode is the output component, the colour of which changes on each clap.

Figure 2. Components layout

Figure 3.

The R10, T4 components are not assembled in the basic version. The two colour LED diode is the output component, the colour of which changes on each clap. The R10 and T4 should be used in the circuit if it is not only to be a gadget but serve a functional purpose as well. In that case additional load can be connected to points A and C, for example a relay or bulb. To attach the 12-volt relay, all the components in figure 3 should be used. An additional D2 diode is necessary. While assembling the components marked with an exclamation mark pay attention to their correct polarity.

The boxes with drafts of pins and symbols of the components used on the PCB as well as the photos of assembled sets may come in useful.

AVT 721 Clap switch - an acoustic remote control

Component list
In the order of soldering:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 wire jumper (near C2, R8) R1 10kW (brown-black-orange-gold) R2 100kW (brown-black-yellow-gold) R3 100kW (brown-black-yellow-gold) R4 100kW (brown-black-yellow-gold) R5 100kW (brown-black-yellow-gold) R8 100kW (brown-black-yellow-gold) R6 47kW (yellow-purple-orange-gold) R7 10MW (brown-black-blue-gold) R9 1kW (Brown-black-red-gold) C1 100nF (often marked as 104 or 0.1) C2 100nF (often marked as 104 or 0.1) C3 100nF (often marked as 104 0r 0.1) C4 100nF (often marked as 104 or 0.1) C5 100F/16V (or for higher voltage)! T1 BC548 (or BC547)! T2 BC548 (or BC547)! T3 BC516 (low power PNP Darlington transistor)! U1 IC 16-pin socket! D1 3 or 5 mm two colour LED diode! M1 2-pin electret microphone! snap-in 6F22 battery connector (red wire +; black wire -)! insert the CMOS 4017 IC in the socket (with pin 1 mark directed to R5)!

The kit was made on the basis of a project bearing the same trade name published in "Elektronika dla Wszystkich" 5/04 www.elportal.pl The sale offer of our 'do-it-yourself 'sets is available on our website www.sklep.avt.pl

Producer:
fax: (+48 22) 257-84-55 phone.: (+48 22) 257-84-50

AVT-Corporation, Ltd. Leszczynowa 11 03-197 Warsaw Poland

Technical Assistance Dept.

Phone: (48 22) 257-84-58 serwis@avt.pl

AVT 721 Clap switch - an acoustic remote control