V.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Occupational Health and Safety is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. In its broadest sense, it aims: A. The promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, social well-being of workers in all application. B. The prevention among the workers of a adverse effect on health caused by their working conditions. C. The protection and maintenance of workers in an occupational environment adapted to physical and mental needs. D. The adaptation of work to humans. In other words, Occupational Health and Safety encompasses the social, mental and physical well- being of workers. Successful occupational health and safety practice requires a collaboration and participation of both employees and workers in health programs, involves the consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene medicine, toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics and psychology. Occupational health issues are often given less attention than occupational safety issues because the former are generally more difficult to confront. However when health is addressed, so is safety because a health workplace is also a safety workplace. The important point is that issues of both health and safety must be addressed in every workplace . By large, the definition of occupational health and safety given above encompasses both healthy and safety in their broad context. A. POOR WORKING CONDITIONS AFFECT WORKER SAFETY AND HEALTH 1. Poor working conditions of any type have the potential to affect worker's health and safety. 2. Unhealthy or unsafe working conditions are not limited only to factories , they can be found everywhere whether the

workplace is indoor or outdoor. For many workers, such as to those related to agricultural field the workplace is outdoor and can be exposed to many health and safety hazards. And many other forms of work. 3. Poor working conditions can also affect the environment workers, since the working and living environment are the same for many workers. This mean that occupational hazards can give harmful effects to workers, their families and other people in the community , as well as on the physical environment around the workplace. Overall, , effort in occupational health and safety must aim to prevent accidents and diseases affect a person and at the same time , recognize the connection between the worker health and safety, workplace and the environment outside the workplace. B. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPORTANCE Work plays a central role in people' s lives, since most workers spend at least eight hours a day in the workplace, whether it is in a plantation, office, factory, etc. Therefore, work environment should be safe and healthy. Everyday workers all over the world face multitude factors that can lead to a health hazard such as: Dust Gasses Noise Vibration Extreme Temperature

Unfortunately, some employees assume little responsibility for the protection of worker's health and safety. In fact, some employees do not even know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect workers. As a result of the hazards, lack of attention given to health and safety, work related accidents and diseases are very common in all parts of the world.