CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Cervical polyps are small, soft, growths that protrude from the mouth of the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus or the womb and is often called the neck of the womb. The cervix can be seen when having a pap smear and can be felt when having an internal examination by a doctor or nurse. Cervical polyps are very common. They occur most often during pregnancy because of hormonal changes. It may have 1 polyp or several. In some cases, cervical polyps can block the cervix and cause problems getting pregnant. During a pelvic examination, the health care provider will see smooth, red or purple, fingerlike growths on the cervix. A cervical biopsy will most often show cells that are consistent with a benign polyp. Rarely there may be abnormal, precancerous, or cancer cells in a polyp. Small polyps may not produce symptoms. Large polyps often produce symptoms. When symptoms are present, the most common symptoms are: bleeding after intercourse, bleeding between periods, abnormal heavy bleeding during menstrual cycle, bleeding after menopause, watery, bloody discharge from vagina (Elsevier, 2007). Malignant changes may not be obviously differentiated from the rest of the cervical mucosa. Small, benign cysts may appear on the cervical surface. These are usually bluish or white and are called nabothian cysts. A polyp of endocervical mucosa may protrude to the os and usually is dark red. Polyps can cause irregular bleeding; they are rarely malignant and usually are removed easily in an office or clinic setting. A carcinoma may appear as a cauliflower-like growth that bleeds easily when touched (Smeltzer, 2004). Cervical polyps are most common in women who have had children and perimenopausal women. They are rare in pre-menstrual women and uncommon in post-menopausal women. (www.wikipedia.com). Cervical polyps are common, especially in women over age 20 who have had children. Polyps are rare in young women who have not started their period of menstruation. Most women have only one polyp, but some women have two or three.The cause of cervical polyps is not completely understood. They may occur with: An abnormal response to increased levels of the female hormone; estrogen, chronic inflammation and clogged blood vessels in the cervix (Elsevier, 2007).

The health care provider can remove polyps during a simple, outpatient procedure. Gentle twisting of a cervical polyp may remove it. Larger polyps may require removal with electrocautery.Although most cervical polyps are not cancerous -benign, the removed tissue should be sent to a laboratory and checked further (Elsevier, 2007). The philosophy of the physician, and the understanding of the compliance of the client. She and her family deserve careful teaching regarding her problem, its observation, and its treatment. Regular, adequate prenatal care is the best insurance for the control of the complication. The group chose to study this disease affecting women who are commonly pregnant because according to a mentor of them, pregnancy should be a pleasant experience. Another reason is that they all know that this disease can harm a person who carries another life in her womb thats why they want to know the root cause of the disease and its management and nursing interventions so that they can act and play their roles as nurses the next time they will experience caring for patients having the same disease. The group is privileged and is proud to present this study as the fruit of their labor and sacrifices as well as the product of the knowledge that the Institution, Notre Dame of Marbel Universities College of Health Sciences, had given.

I.

OBJECTIVES

General: At the end of 3-hours of comprehensive and detailed case presentation, the students will be able to provide a broader knowledge on Herpes Zoster. Specifically the presentation aims to: 1. Define Cervical Polyps ; 2. Present the initial data base of the client ; 3. Discuss nursing history that includes the past and present illnesses; 4. Discuss activities of daily living of the client; 5. Present significant findings of physical assessment; 6. Present the anatomy and physiology of Herpes Zoster; 7. Trace the pathophysiology of the disease presented: Herpes Zoster; 8. Interpret the specific assessment and diagnostic test results; 9. Discuss the drugs administered to the client and its associated nursing responsibilities; 10. Identify health teachings and discharge planning necessary for the continuity of care of the client; 11. Discuss the clients prognosis; and 12. Discuss formulated nursing care plans in response to the needs manifested by the client.