EIA Forecasts 2010

Table A1.
Total Energy Supply, Disposition, and Price Summary

(Quadrillion Btu per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Supply, Disposition, and Prices

2008
Production
Crude O il and Lease Conden sate
Natural Gas Plant Liquids . . . . . .
Dry Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydropower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biomass 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Renewable Energy 3 . . . . .
Other4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
...........
10.51
2.41
20.83
23.85
8.43
2.53
3.94
1.12
0.19
73.80
11.34
2.57
21.50
21.58
8.35
2.69
3.51
1.29
0.34
73.17
12.31
2.85
22.67
21.06
8.77
2.91
4.67
2.18
0.75
78.19
13.00
3.07
23.62
22.12
9.22
3.00
5.68
2.31
0.97
82.99
12.46
3.47
24.25
23.71
9.22
3.02
7.13
2.55
0.90
86.72
12.50
3.63
25.35
24.74
9.22
3.07
8.18
2.83
0.80
90.32
12.32
3.85
26.78
25.84
9.19
3.09
8.98
3.13
0.82
94.00
0.3%
1.6%
0.8%
0.7%
0.4%
0.5%
3.7%
3.5%
3.4%
1.0%
Imports
Crude Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid Fuels and Other Petroleum 5 . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Im ports 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21.39
6.32
4.08
0.96
32.76
19.70
5.40
3.82
0.61
29.53
19.47
5.39
4.10
0.82
29.78
18.54
5.32
4.03
0.96
28.85
18.69
5.21
3.43
1.15
28.49
18.48
5.30
3.26
1.33
28.37
19.00
5.35
3.00
1.31
28.67
-0.1%
-0.0%
-0.9%
3.0%
-0.1%
.
.
.
.
3.78
1.01
2.07
6.86
4.17
1.09
1.51
6.77
3.28
1.24
1.76
6.27
3.51
1.82
1.92
7.24
3.59
2.06
1.89
7.55
3.72
2.23
1.89
7.84
3.91
2.63
1.81
8.36
-0.2%
3.4%
0.7%
0.8%
Discrepancy8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-0.44
1.16
-0.23
-0.22
-0.11
-0.08
0.01
--
Consumption
Liquid Fuels and Other Petroleum 9 . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydropower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biomass 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Renewable Energy 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38.46
23.85
22.38
8.43
2.53
3.07
1.12
0.31
100.14
36.62
23.32
19.69
8.35
2.69
2.51
1.29
0.32
94.79
39.13
25.53
19.84
8.77
2.91
3.25
2.18
0.31
101.93
39.44
25.81
20.87
9.22
3.00
3.87
2.31
0.29
104.81
39.86
25.61
22.55
9.22
3.02
4.67
2.55
0.27
107.77
40.60
26.37
23.51
9.22
3.07
5.07
2.83
0.24
110.92
41.80
27.15
24.31
9.19
3.09
5.38
3.13
0.25
114.30
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.4%
0.5%
3.0%
3.5%
-0.9%
0.7%
100.51
93.44
61.66
59.04
94.67
86.94
108.13
98.71
117.48
107.53
122.92
112.35
125.03
114.05
2.8%
2.6%
8.94
7.96
3.95
3.62
4.81
4.26
5.18
4.59
6.01
5.32
6.50
5.76
7.19
6.37
2.3%
2.2%
8.17
3.71
4.37
4.70
5.46
5.91
6.53
2.2%
31.54
33.26
32.64
33.06
33.46
33.58
34.11
0.1%
1.56
2.18
9.8
1.67
2.31
9.8
1.63
2.29
9.0
1.66
2.31
8.9
1.69
2.37
8.9
1.70
2.42
9.0
1.73
2.48
9.2
0.2%
0.3%
-0.2%
Exports
Petroleum 7 .
Natural Gas
Coal . . . . . .
Total . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Prices (2 009 dollar s per unit)

Petro leum (dollars per ba rrel)
Imported Low Sulfur Light Crude Oil Price 13 . .
Imported Crude Oil Price13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas (dollars per million Btu)
Price at Henry Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wellhead Price 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Ga s (dollars per thou sand cu bic feet)
Wellhead Price 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal (dollars per ton)
Minemouth Price 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal (dollars per million Btu)
Minemouth Price 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Delivered Price16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Averag e Electricity Price (ce nts per kilowatthou r)
Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011
Table A1.
Total Energy Supply and Disposition Summary (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
Prices (no minal do llars per un it)
Petro leum (dollars per ba rrel)
Imported Low Sulfur Light Crude Oil Price 13 . .
Imported Crude Oil Price13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas (dollars per million Btu)
Price at Henry Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wellhead Price 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Ga s (dollars per thou sand cu bic feet)
Wellhead Price 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal (dollars per ton)
Minemouth Price 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal (dollars per million Btu)
Minemouth Price 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Delivered Price16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Averag e Electricity Price (ce nts per kilowatthou r)
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
99.57
92.57
61.66
59.04
103.38
94.94
130.77
119.37
155.58
142.41
178.49
163.14
199.90
182.35
4.6%
4.4%
8.86
7.88
3.95
3.62
5.25
4.65
6.26
5.55
7.96
7.05
9.44
8.36
11.50
10.18
4.2%
4.1%
8.10
3.71
4.77
5.69
7.23
8.58
10.44
4.1%
31.25
33.26
35.65
39.98
44.31
48.76
54.54
1.9%
1.55
2.16
9.7
1.67
2.31
9.8
1.78
2.50
9.8
2.01
2.79
10.7
2.24
3.13
11.8
2.47
3.51
13.0
2.77
3.96
14.7
2.0%
2.1%
1.6%
Includes waste coal.

2
Includes grid-connected electricity from wood and wood waste; biomass, such as corn, used for liquid fuels production; and non-electric energy demand from wood.
Refer to Table A17 for details.
3
Includes grid-connected e lectricity from landfill gas; biogenic municipal waste; wind; photovoltaic and solar thermal sources; and non-electric energy from renewable
sources, such as active and pa ssive sola r systems. Exclud es electricity im ports using renewa ble sources and nonmarketed renewable energy. See Table A17 for
selected nonmarketed residential and commercial renewable energy.
4
Includes non-biogenic municipal waste, liquid hydrogen, methanol, and some domestic inputs to refineries.
5
Includes imports of finished petroleum products, unfinished oils, alcohols, ethers, blending components, and renewable fuels such as ethanol.
6
Includes coal, coa l coke (net), and electric ity (net).
7
Includes crude oil and petroleum products.
8
Balancing item. Includes unaccounted for supply, losses, gains, and net storage withdrawals.
9
Includes petroleum-derived fuels and non-petroleum derived fuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, and coal-based synthetic liquids. Petroleum coke, which is a solid,
is included. Also included are natural ga s plant liquids and crude oil consum ed as a fuel. Refer to Ta ble A17 for de tailed renew able liquid fuels consumptio n.
10
Excludes coal converted to coal-based synthetic liquids and coal-based synthetic natural gas.
11
Includes grid-connected electricity from wood and wood waste, non-electric energy from wood, and biofuels heat and coproducts used in the production of liquid
fuels, but excludes the energy content of the liquid fuels.
12
Includes non-biogenic municipal waste and net electricity imports.
13
W eighted average price delivered to U.S. refiners.
14
Represents lower 48 onshore and offshore supplies.
15
Includes reported prices for both open market and captive mines.
16
Prices weighted by consumption; weighted average excludes residential and commercial prices, and export free-alongside-ship (f.a.s.) prices.
Btu = British therma l unit.
- - = Not applicable.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are m odel results and m ay differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 natural gas supply values: Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA), Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA -0131(200 8) (W ashington, DC, M arch 2010).
2009 natural gas supply values and natural gas wel lhead price: EIA , Natu ral Ga s Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 natural gas
wellhead price: Mineral s Manage ment Servic e and EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-013 1(2008) (W ashington, DC, M arch 2010). 2008 and 2009 coa l minem outh
and delivered coal prices: EIA, Annual Coal Report 2009, DOE/EIA -0584(200 9) (W ashington, DC, O ctober 2010 ). 2009 petroleum supply values and 2008 crude oil
and lease condensate prod uction: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2009, DOE/EIA-0340(2009)/1 (W ashington, DC, July 2010). Other 2008 petroleum supply values:
EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2008, DOE/E IA-0340(20 08)/1 (W ashington, DC, June 20 09). 2008 and 20 09 low sulfur light crude oil price: EIA, Form EIA-856, Monthly
Foreign Crude Oil Acquisition Report. Other 2008 and 2009 coal values: Quarterly Coal Report, October-December 2009, DOE/EIA -0121(200 9/4Q) (W ashington,
DC, April 2010). Other 200 8 and 2009 va lues: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010). Projections: EIA, AEO2011
National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
Table A2.
Energy Consumption by Sector and Source

Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Energy Consumption
Residential
Liquefied Petroleum Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kerosene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate Fuel O il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid Fuels and Other Petroleum Subtotal
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Energy1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivered Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity Related Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.52
0.02
0.66
1.20
5.00
0.01
0.44
4.71
11.36
10.17
21.53
0.53
0.03
0.61
1.16
4.87
0.01
0.43
4.65
11.12
9.95
21.08
0.49
0.02
0.56
1.07
4.93
0.01
0.40
4.59
11.00
9.46
20.46
0.48
0.02
0.50
0.99
4.97
0.01
0.42
4.75
11.14
9.78
20.92
0.48
0.02
0.44
0.94
4.96
0.01
0.42
4.98
11.31
10.24
21.55
0.48
0.02
0.40
0.90
4.95
0.01
0.42
5.25
11.52
10.69
22.22
0.48
0.02
0.37
0.87
4.89
0.01
0.42
5.50
11.69
11.12
22.81
-0.4%
-1.5%
-1.9%
-1.1%
0.0%
-1.1%
-0.1%
0.7%
0.2%
0.4%
0.3%
Commercial
Motor Gasoline 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kerosene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.15
0.05
0.00
0.37
0.07
0.64
3.22
0.07
0.11
4.56
8.60
9.85
18.44
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.34
0.06
0.60
3.20
0.06
0.11
4.51
8.49
9.66
18.15
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.28
0.06
0.55
3.44
0.06
0.11
4.82
8.98
9.93
18.91
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.27
0.06
0.54
3.57
0.06
0.11
5.20
9.48
10.71
20.18
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.26
0.07
0.53
3.65
0.06
0.11
5.58
9.93
11.46
21.39
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.25
0.07
0.53
3.76
0.06
0.11
6.01
10.47
12.24
22.71
0.16
0.05
0.01
0.25
0.07
0.53
3.90
0.06
0.11
6.43
11.03
12.99
24.02
0.2%
0.3%
2.8%
-1.2%
0.3%
-0.5%
0.8%
0.0%
0.0%
1.4%
1.0%
1.1%
1.1%
Industrial4
Motor Gasoline 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petrochemical Feedstocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Petroleum 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural-Gas-to-Liquids Heat and Power . . . .
Lease and Plant Fuel6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metallurgical Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal-to-Liquids Heat and Power . . . . . . . . . .
Net Coal Co ke Im ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biofuels Hea t and Cop roducts . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.08
0.25
1.27
0.20
1.12
3.98
8.91
6.83
0.00
1.26
8.09
0.58
1.16
0.00
0.04
1.78
0.98
1.52
3.44
24.72
7.44
32.16
2.01
0.25
1.16
0.17
0.90
3.45
7.94
6.31
0.00
1.19
7.51
0.40
0.94
0.00
-0.02
1.32
0.65
1.42
3.01
21.84
6.44
28.29
2.36
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.29
4.00
9.32
8.28
0.00
1.22
9.50
0.58
0.98
0.10
0.01
1.67
0.83
1.89
3.53
26.75
7.27
34.02
2.39
0.33
1.17
0.17
1.33
3.87
9.25
8.45
0.00
1.22
9.67
0.58
0.98
0.15
0.01
1.71
1.17
1.98
3.56
27.35
7.33
34.69
2.38
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.33
3.80
9.17
8.34
0.00
1.21
9.55
0.55
0.97
0.31
0.00
1.84
1.88
2.05
3.50
27.99
7.20
35.19
2.28
0.33
1.14
0.16
1.30
3.81
9.01
8.34
0.00
1.22
9.56
0.51
0.96
0.62
-0.00
2.09
2.34
2.06
3.39
28.45
6.90
35.35
2.18
0.32
1.14
0.16
1.25
3.94
9.00
8.28
0.00
1.28
9.56
0.47
0.94
1.00
-0.00
2.41
2.66
2.04
3.26
28.92
6.59
35.52
0.3%
1.0%
-0.1%
-0.2%
1.3%
0.5%
0.5%
1.0%
-0.3%
0.9%
0.6%
0.0%
31.9%
-7.0%
2.3%
5.6%
1.4%
0.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.9%
Table A2.
Energy Consumption by Sector and Source (Continued)

Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Transportation
E85 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate Fuel O il10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Petroleum 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Fuel Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compressed Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.02
0.00
16.87
3.21
6.04
0.92
0.17
27.24
0.67
0.03
0.00
0.02
27.95
0.05
28.00
0.02
0.00
16.82
3.20
5.54
0.78
0.16
26.52
0.65
0.03
0.00
0.02
27.23
0.05
27.28
0.01
0.01
17.02
3.20
6.57
0.79
0.16
27.77
0.65
0.04
0.00
0.03
28.49
0.06
28.54
0.01
0.32
16.53
3.34
7.04
0.80
0.16
28.21
0.65
0.07
0.00
0.03
28.96
0.07
29.02
0.02
0.88
15.98
3.47
7.45
0.81
0.16
28.77
0.64
0.10
0.00
0.04
29.55
0.08
29.63
0.02
1.20
16.07
3.56
7.87
0.81
0.16
29.70
0.65
0.13
0.00
0.05
30.54
0.11
30.64
0.02
1.20
16.75
3.62
8.34
0.82
0.16
30.92
0.67
0.16
0.00
0.07
31.82
0.13
31.95
0.4%
26.2%
-0.0%
0.5%
1.6%
0.2%
0.1%
0.6%
0.1%
7.3%
-4.1%
0.6%
3.8%
0.6%
Delivered Energy C onsum ption for All

Sectors
E85 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kerosene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Petroleum 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.77
0.00
17.17
3.21
0.03
8.34
1.19
1.12
4.15
37.99
15.07
0.00
1.26
0.67
17.00
0.58
1.24
0.00
0.04
1.86
0.98
2.07
0.00
12.73
72.63
27.51
100.14
2.71
0.00
17.11
3.20
0.04
7.65
1.02
0.90
3.60
36.22
14.41
0.00
1.19
0.65
16.26
0.40
1.01
0.00
-0.02
1.39
0.65
1.96
0.00
12.20
68.68
26.11
94.79
3.02
0.01
17.40
3.20
0.03
8.58
1.03
1.29
4.15
38.70
16.69
0.00
1.22
0.65
18.57
0.58
1.05
0.10
0.01
1.74
0.83
2.41
0.00
12.97
75.22
26.71
101.93
3.04
0.32
16.91
3.34
0.03
8.97
1.03
1.33
4.02
38.99
17.05
0.00
1.22
0.65
18.93
0.58
1.05
0.15
0.01
1.78
1.17
2.51
0.00
13.54
76.92
27.89
104.81
3.02
0.88
16.36
3.47
0.03
9.31
1.04
1.33
3.96
39.40
17.04
0.00
1.21
0.64
18.89
0.55
1.04
0.31
0.00
1.91
1.88
2.59
0.00
14.11
78.78
28.99
107.77
2.93
1.20
16.44
3.56
0.03
9.67
1.04
1.30
3.96
40.14
17.18
0.00
1.22
0.65
19.05
0.51
1.03
0.62
-0.00
2.15
2.34
2.59
0.00
14.70
80.98
29.94
110.92
2.84
1.20
17.13
3.62
0.03
10.10
1.05
1.25
4.10
41.32
17.23
0.00
1.28
0.67
19.18
0.47
1.01
1.00
-0.00
2.48
2.66
2.57
0.00
15.27
83.47
30.83
114.30
0.2%
26.2%
0.0%
0.5%
-0.4%
1.1%
0.1%
1.3%
0.5%
0.5%
0.7%
-0.3%
0.1%
0.6%
0.6%
-0.0%
31.9%
-7.0%
2.3%
5.6%
1.1%
-0.9%
0.8%
0.6%
0.7%
Electric Power 14
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steam Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity Impo rts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.11
0.37
0.47
6.85
20.51
8.43
3.67
0.11
40.24
0.10
0.30
0.40
7.06
18.30
8.35
3.89
0.12
38.31
0.09
0.34
0.43
6.96
18.10
8.77
5.11
0.11
39.68
0.10
0.35
0.45
6.88
19.09
9.22
5.49
0.09
41.43
0.11
0.36
0.47
6.72
20.64
9.22
5.78
0.07
43.10
0.11
0.36
0.47
7.32
21.35
9.22
6.04
0.04
44.64
0.11
0.37
0.48
7.97
21.83
9.19
6.38
0.05
46.09
0.6%
0.8%
0.8%
0.5%
0.7%
0.4%
1.9%
-3.4%
0.7%
Table A2.
Energy Consumption by Sector and Source (Continued)

Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Total Energy Consumption

E85 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Kerosene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Petroleum 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquid Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity Impo rts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.77
0.00
17.17
3.21
0.03
8.45
1.56
1.12
4.15
38.46
21.92
0.00
1.26
0.67
23.85
0.58
21.75
0.00
0.04
22.38
8.43
0.98
5.74
0.00
0.11
100.14
2.71
0.00
17.11
3.20
0.04
7.75
1.32
0.90
3.60
36.62
21.47
0.00
1.19
0.65
23.32
0.40
19.31
0.00
-0.02
19.69
8.35
0.65
5.85
0.00
0.12
94.79
3.02
0.01
17.40
3.20
0.03
8.67
1.36
1.29
4.15
39.13
23.65
0.00
1.22
0.65
25.53
0.58
19.15
0.10
0.01
19.84
8.77
0.83
7.51
0.00
0.11
101.93
3.04
0.32
16.91
3.34
0.03
9.07
1.39
1.33
4.02
39.44
23.94
0.00
1.22
0.65
25.81
0.58
20.14
0.15
0.01
20.87
9.22
1.17
8.00
0.00
0.09
104.81
3.02
0.88
16.36
3.47
0.03
9.42
1.40
1.33
3.96
39.86
23.76
0.00
1.21
0.64
25.61
0.55
21.68
0.31
0.00
22.55
9.22
1.88
8.36
0.00
0.07
107.77
2.93
1.20
16.44
3.56
0.03
9.77
1.40
1.30
3.96
40.60
24.50
0.00
1.22
0.65
26.37
0.51
22.38
0.62
-0.00
23.51
9.22
2.34
8.63
0.00
0.04
110.92
2.84
1.20
17.13
3.62
0.03
10.21
1.42
1.25
4.10
41.80
25.20
0.00
1.28
0.67
27.15
0.47
22.84
1.00
-0.00
24.31
9.19
2.66
8.95
0.00
0.05
114.30
0.2%
26.2%
0.0%
0.5%
-0.4%
1.1%
0.3%
1.3%
0.5%
0.5%
0.6%
-0.3%
0.1%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
31.9%
-7.0%
0.8%
0.4%
5.6%
1.6%
--3.4%
0.7%
Energy Use and Related Statistics

Delivered Energy Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Energy Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol Consumed in Motor Gasoline and E85
Population (millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross Domestic Product (billion 2005 dollars)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions (million metric tons)
72.63
100.14
0.77
305.17
13229
5819.9
68.68
94.79
0.95
307.84
12881
5424.9
75.22
101.93
1.30
326.16
15338
5679.2
76.92
104.81
1.66
342.01
17422
5774.2
78.78
107.77
2.03
358.06
20015
5931.1
80.98
110.92
2.27
374.08
22735
6109.6
83.47
114.30
2.35
390.09
25692
6315.5
0.8%
0.7%
3.5%
0.9%
2.7%
0.6%
1
Includes wood used for residential heating. See Table A4 and/or Table A17 for estimates of nonmarketed renewable energy consumption for geothermal heat pumps,
solar thermal hot water heating, and electricity generation from wind and solar photovoltaic sources.
2
Includes ethanol (blends of 10 percent or less) and ethers blended into gasoline.
3
Excludes ethanol. Includes commercial sector consumption of wood and wood waste, landfill gas, municipal waste, and other biomas s for combine d heat and powe r.
See Table A5 and/or Table A17 for estimates of nonmarketed renewable energy consum ption for solar therma l hot water heating and el ectricity generatio n from wind
and solar photovoltaic sources.
4
Includes energy for combined heat and power plants, except those whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
5
Includes petroleum coke, asphalt, road oil, lubricants, still gas, and miscellaneous petroleum products.
6
Represents natural gas used in well, field, and lease operations, and in natural gas processing plant machinery.
7
Includes consumption of energy produced from hydroelectric, wood and wood waste, municipal waste, and other biomass sources. Excludes ethanol blends (10
percent or less) in motor gasoline.
8
E85 refers to a blend of 85 perc ent ethanol (renewab le) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues, the percentage of ethanol
varies seas onally. The annual ave rage ethanol content of 74 p ercent is used for this forecas t.
9
Includes only kerosene type.
10
Diesel fuel for on- and off- road use.
11
Includes aviation gasoline and lubricants.
12
Includes unfinished oils, natural gaso line, motor gas oline blending compone nts, aviation gasol ine, lubricants, still gas, asphal t, road oil, petroleum coke, and
miscellaneous petroleum products.
13
Includes electricity genera ted for sale to the grid and for own use from renewable sources, and non-elec tric energy from rene wable so urces. Excludes ethanol and
nonmarketed renewable energy consumption for geothermal heat pumps, buildings photovoltaic systems, and solar thermal hot water heaters.
14
Includes consumption of ene rgy by electrici ty-only and com bined heat and po wer plants who se prima ry business is to sell electric ity, or electricity and hea t, to the
public. Includes small power producers and exempt wholesale generators.
15
Includes conventional hydroelectric, geothermal, wood and wood waste, biogenic municipal waste, other biomass, wind, photovoltaic, and solar thermal sources.
Excludes net electricity imports.
16
Includes non-biogenic municipal waste not included above.
17
Includes conventional hydroe lectric, geotherm al, wood and wood waste, biogenic municipal waste, other biomass, wind, photovoltaic, and solar thermal sources.
Excludes ethanol, net electricity imports, and nonmarketed renewable energy consumption for geothermal heat pumps, buildings photovoltaic systems, and solar thermal
hot water heaters.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 consumption based on: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington, DC,
August 2010). 2008 and 2009 pop ulation and gross do mestic pro duct: IHS Glob al Insight Industry and Employment models, September 2010. 2008 and 2009 carbon
dioxide emissio ns: EIA, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2009, DOE/E IA-0573(20 09) (W ashington, DC, Dec ember 20 10). Projections: EIA,
AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
Table A3.
Energy Prices by Sector and Source

(2009 Dollars per Million Btu, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Residential
Liquefied Petroleum Gases
Distillate Fuel O il . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
29.46
24.75
13.62
33.16
24.63
18.12
11.88
33.62
29.80
21.14
10.31
32.00
32.21
24.32
10.95
31.43
33.92
25.96
11.91
31.22
34.86
26.92
12.63
31.18
35.05
27.56
13.51
31.67
1.4%
1.6%
0.5%
-0.2%
Commercial
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
26.70
21.81
15.80
11.99
30.50
21.49
15.97
13.45
9.68
29.51
26.34
19.30
13.26
8.59
27.01
28.73
22.37
15.19
9.05
26.62
30.42
24.08
17.05
9.84
26.70
31.34
24.99
17.69
10.41
26.59
31.52
25.54
18.15
11.10
27.03
1.5%
1.8%
1.2%
0.5%
-0.3%
Industrial1
Natural Gas 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metallurgical Coal . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial Coal . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
24.95
22.57
16.26
9.08
4.53
2.93
-19.97
20.59
16.56
12.05
5.25
5.43
3.05
-19.79
23.35
19.39
14.84
5.00
6.05
2.93
1.80
17.90
25.81
22.47
16.72
5.44
6.33
2.94
1.91
17.81
27.53
24.27
18.19
6.22
6.46
3.00
1.81
18.01
28.39
25.15
18.68
6.66
6.51
3.04
1.99
18.24
28.56
25.69
18.63
7.32
6.59
3.13
2.11
18.74
1.3%
1.7%
1.7%
1.3%
0.7%
0.1%
--0.2%
Transportation
Liquefied Petroleum Gases 3 .
E85 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 5 . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diese l Fuel (dis tillate fue l oil)7
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
30.23
35.36
27.06
23.30
27.97
14.57
17.20
34.68
25.52
20.50
19.28
12.59
17.79
10.57
12.71
34.92
30.58
26.38
25.97
18.93
22.56
12.69
12.13
30.28
32.96
28.74
28.15
22.03
25.73
14.62
12.35
27.94
34.64
29.55
29.60
23.54
27.27
16.03
12.90
28.65
35.55
30.37
30.35
24.70
27.98
16.70
13.24
29.95
35.70
30.82
30.77
25.28
28.41
16.42
13.70
31.57
1.3%
1.6%
1.8%
2.7%
1.8%
1.7%
0.3%
-0.4%
Electric Power 9
Distillate Fuel O il
Resid ual Fu el Oil
Natural Gas . . . .
Steam Coal . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
19.56
14.75
9.10
2.07
14.33
8.96
4.82
2.20
16.81
13.21
4.78
2.14
19.82
14.80
5.11
2.16
21.30
16.25
5.82
2.24
22.35
16.87
6.29
2.31
22.91
16.66
6.94
2.39
1.8%
2.4%
1.4%
0.3%
Average Price to All Users 10

E85 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 5 . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
20.70
35.36
26.88
23.30
26.53
14.89
10.56
4.53
2.12
-28.65
17.43
20.50
19.23
12.59
17.51
10.53
7.28
5.43
2.25
-28.69
21.69
26.38
25.97
18.93
21.88
13.11
6.58
6.05
2.18
1.80
26.30
23.86
28.74
28.15
22.03
25.07
14.95
7.05
6.33
2.20
1.91
25.99
25.45
29.55
29.60
23.54
26.68
16.40
7.88
6.46
2.28
1.81
26.14
26.39
30.37
30.35
24.70
27.47
17.02
8.37
6.51
2.35
1.99
26.32
26.67
30.82
30.77
25.28
27.94
16.81
9.03
6.59
2.43
2.11
26.95
1.6%
1.6%
1.8%
2.7%
1.8%
1.8%
0.8%
0.7%
0.3%
--0.2%
Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by

Sector (billion 2009 dollars)
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Non-Renewable Expenditures . . . . . . .
Transportation Renewable Expenditures . . .
Total Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
256.17
191.84
249.50
717.39
1414.91
0.04
1414.95
238.63
174.64
179.25
474.91
1067.44
0.06
1067.50
224.68
171.58
225.56
665.04
1286.86
0.23
1287.09
231.72
183.63
245.18
736.76
1397.29
9.13
1406.42
242.81
198.61
258.82
776.80
1477.04
26.00
1503.04
254.14
213.12
261.15
816.57
1544.97
36.56
1581.53
267.92
231.62
262.43
865.68
1627.64
37.09
1664.73
0.4%
1.1%
1.5%
2.3%
1.6%
28.2%
1.7%
Table A3.
Energy Prices by Sector and Source (Continued)

(Nominal Dollars per Million Btu, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Residential
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
29.18
24.52
13.49
32.85
24.63
18.12
11.88
33.62
32.54
23.08
11.26
34.95
38.96
29.41
13.24
38.01
44.92
34.38
15.77
41.35
50.62
39.10
18.34
45.28
56.03
44.07
21.60
50.63
3.2%
3.5%
2.3%
1.6%
Commercial
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
26.45
21.61
15.66
11.88
30.22
21.49
15.97
13.45
9.68
29.51
28.77
21.08
14.48
9.38
29.50
34.75
27.05
18.37
10.94
32.19
40.29
31.88
22.59
13.03
35.36
45.51
36.29
25.69
15.11
38.61
50.39
40.84
29.02
17.75
43.22
3.3%
3.7%
3.0%
2.4%
1.5%
Industrial1
Natural Gas 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial Coal . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
24.72
22.36
16.11
8.99
4.49
2.90
-19.79
20.59
16.56
12.05
5.25
5.43
3.05
-19.79
25.50
21.18
16.21
5.46
6.60
3.19
1.97
19.55
31.21
27.17
20.22
6.58
7.66
3.56
2.31
21.54
36.46
32.14
24.09
8.23
8.56
3.98
2.40
23.86
41.22
36.52
27.13
9.67
9.45
4.42
2.89
26.48
45.66
41.07
29.79
11.70
10.53
5.00
3.37
29.96
3.1%
3.6%
3.5%
3.1%
2.6%
1.9%
-1.6%
Transportation
Liquefied Petroleum Gases 3 .
E85 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 5 . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diese l Fuel (dis tillate fue l oil)7
Natural Gas 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
29.95
35.03
26.81
23.09
27.71
14.43
17.04
34.36
25.52
20.50
19.28
12.59
17.79
10.57
12.71
34.92
33.39
28.81
28.36
20.68
24.64
13.86
13.24
33.06
39.86
34.76
34.05
26.64
31.12
17.69
14.93
33.79
45.87
39.14
39.20
31.18
36.11
21.23
17.09
37.95
51.62
44.10
44.07
35.87
40.63
24.25
19.22
43.50
57.08
49.28
49.19
40.41
45.43
26.25
21.90
50.48
3.1%
3.4%
3.7%
4.6%
3.7%
3.6%
2.1%
1.4%
Electric Power 9
Resid ual Fu el Oil
Natural Gas . . . .
Steam Coal . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
19.38
14.61
9.02
2.05
14.33
8.96
4.82
2.20
18.36
14.42
5.22
2.33
23.97
17.90
6.18
2.61
28.21
21.52
7.70
2.97
32.45
24.49
9.14
3.36
36.63
26.63
11.09
3.83
3.7%
4.3%
3.3%
2.2%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A3.
Energy Prices by Sector and Source (Continued)

(Nominal Dollars per Million Btu, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
Average Price to All Users 10

E85 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 5 . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
20.51
35.03
26.63
23.09
26.28
14.75
10.46
4.49
2.10
-28.38
17.43
20.50
19.23
12.59
17.51
10.53
7.28
5.43
2.25
-28.69
23.68
28.81
28.36
20.68
23.89
14.32
7.18
6.60
2.38
1.97
28.73
28.86
34.76
34.04
26.64
30.32
18.08
8.52
7.66
2.67
2.31
31.44
33.70
39.14
39.20
31.18
35.34
21.71
10.43
8.56
3.02
2.40
34.62
38.32
44.10
44.07
35.87
39.90
24.71
12.15
9.45
3.41
2.89
38.22
42.64
49.28
49.19
40.41
44.68
26.88
14.43
10.53
3.88
3.37
43.09
3.5%
3.4%
3.7%
4.6%
3.7%
3.7%
2.7%
2.6%
2.1%
-1.6%
Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by

Sector (billion nominal dollars)
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Non-Renewable Expenditures . . . . . . .
Transportation Renewable Expenditures . . .
Total Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
253.79
190.06
247.18
710.71
1401.74
0.04
1401.78
238.63
174.64
179.25
474.91
1067.44
0.06
1067.50
245.36
187.38
246.32
726.25
1405.30
0.25
1405.55
280.23
222.07
296.51
891.01
1689.82
11.05
1700.87
321.56
263.03
342.77
1028.77
1956.13
34.44
1990.56
369.04
309.47
379.22
1185.76
2243.50
53.09
2296.59
428.36
370.32
419.57
1384.07
2602.32
59.30
2661.62
2.3%
2.9%
3.3%
4.2%
3.5%
30.5%
3.6%
Excludes use for lease and plant fuel.
Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes.
4
E85 refers to a blend of 85 pe rcent ethanol (renewable) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues, the percentage of ethanol
5
Sales weighted-average price for all grades. Includes Federal, State and local taxes.
6
Kerosene-type jet fuel. Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes.
7
Diesel fuel for on-road use. Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes.
8
Compressed natural gas used as a vehicle fuel. Includes estimated motor vehicle fuel taxes and estimated dispensing costs or charges.
9
Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
10
W eighted avera ges of end-use fuel pric es are derive d from the prices s hown in each sector and the corresponding se ctoral consum ption.
Note: Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 prices for motor gasoline, distillate fuel oil, and jet fuel are based on prices in the Energy Inform ation Adm inistration (EIA), Petroleum
Marketing Annual 2009, DOE/EIA-0487(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 residential and commercial natural gas delivered prices: EIA,Natural Gas Annual
2008, DOE/EIA-013 1(2008) (W ashington, DC, M arch 2010). 2009 residential and co mme rcial natural gas de livered pric es: EIA, Natu ral Ga s Mon thly, DOE/E IA0130(2010/07) (W ashington, DC, July 2 010). 2008 and 2009 industrial natural gas de livered pric es are estim ated based on: EIA, Manufacturing Energy Consumption
Survey and industrial and wellhead prices from the Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and the Natural Ga s Month ly,
DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (W ashington, DC, July 2010). 2008 transportation sector natural gas delive red prices are based on: EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and estimated State taxes, Federal taxes, and dispensing costs or charges. 2009 transportation sector natural gas delivered
prices are mode l results. 2008 and 20 09 electric po wer sector dis tillate and resid ual fuel oil prices: E IA, Mon thly Energy Review, DOE/E IA-0035(20 10/09) (W ashington,
DC, September 2010). 2008 and 2009 electric power sector natural gas prices: EIA, Electr ic Pow er Mo nthly, DOE/EIA-0226, April 2009 and April 2010, Table 4.2.
2008 and 2009 coal prices based on: EIA, Quarterly Coal Report, October-December 2009, DOE/EIA-0121(2009/4Q) (Washington, DC, April 2010) and EIA, AEO2011
National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C. 2008 and 2009 electricity price s: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington,
DC, August 2010). 2008 and 2009 E85 prices derived from monthly prices in the Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Rep ort. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National
Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
Table A4.
Residential Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Reference Case
Key Indicators and Consumption
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
.
.
.
.
80.95
25.12
6.69
112.76
81.48
25.32
6.63
113.43
87.91
26.87
6.53
121.32
92.68
28.65
6.78
128.12
97.09
30.69
7.04
134.82
101.15
32.77
7.25
141.17
104.69
34.81
7.40
146.90
1.0%
1.2%
0.4%
1.0%
Average House Square Footage . . . . . . . . .
1656
1669
1765
1831
1888
1938
1981
0.7%
..........
..........
100.8
191.0
98.0
185.8
90.7
168.6
86.9
163.3
83.9
159.8
81.6
157.4
79.6
155.3
-0.8%
-0.7%
..........
..........
60.9
115.3
58.7
111.3
51.4
95.5
47.5
89.2
44.4
84.6
42.1
81.2
40.2
78.4
-1.5%
-1.3%
Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel

Electricity
Space Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes Drye rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freezers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes W ashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dishwashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Color Televisions and Set-Top Boxes . . . . . .
Personal Computers and Related Equipment
Furnace Fans and Boiler Circulation Pumps .
Other Uses2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.28
0.87
0.43
0.37
0.10
0.19
0.08
0.72
0.03
0.09
0.33
0.17
0.14
0.89
4.71
0.28
0.83
0.43
0.37
0.11
0.19
0.08
0.71
0.03
0.09
0.34
0.18
0.14
0.88
4.65
0.28
0.82
0.47
0.35
0.12
0.18
0.08
0.57
0.03
0.09
0.33
0.17
0.15
0.94
4.59
0.29
0.85
0.49
0.35
0.12
0.18
0.08
0.54
0.03
0.09
0.34
0.17
0.17
1.05
4.75
0.30
0.90
0.50
0.35
0.13
0.18
0.08
0.52
0.03
0.10
0.36
0.18
0.18
1.17
4.98
0.31
0.95
0.49
0.36
0.14
0.19
0.08
0.53
0.03
0.11
0.39
0.19
0.19
1.30
5.25
0.31
0.99
0.48
0.38
0.15
0.20
0.09
0.54
0.03
0.11
0.42
0.19
0.19
1.42
5.50
0.4%
0.7%
0.4%
0.1%
1.3%
0.3%
0.4%
-1.0%
-0.4%
0.8%
0.8%
0.3%
1.3%
1.9%
0.7%
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.40
0.00
1.33
0.22
0.05
5.00
3.28
0.00
1.33
0.22
0.05
4.87
3.27
0.00
1.38
0.22
0.05
4.93
3.29
0.00
1.40
0.23
0.05
4.97
3.28
0.00
1.39
0.23
0.05
4.96
3.29
0.00
1.37
0.24
0.05
4.95
3.27
0.00
1.32
0.24
0.06
4.89
-0.0%
--0.0%
0.5%
0.3%
0.0%
Space Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.56
0.11
0.66
0.50
0.10
0.61
0.48
0.08
0.56
0.43
0.06
0.50
0.39
0.05
0.44
0.36
0.05
0.40
0.33
0.04
0.37
-1.6%
-3.4%
-1.9%

Space Heating . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Uses3 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivered Energy . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
0.26
0.09
0.03
0.14
0.52
0.26
0.08
0.03
0.16
0.53
0.23
0.06
0.03
0.17
0.49
0.22
0.05
0.03
0.18
0.48
0.21
0.04
0.03
0.20
0.48
0.20
0.04
0.03
0.21
0.48
0.19
0.03
0.03
0.23
0.48
-1.1%
-3.5%
-0.7%
1.5%
-0.4%
Marketed Renewables (wood)4 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othe r Fuels 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.44
0.03
0.43
0.03
0.40
0.03
0.42
0.03
0.42
0.02
0.42
0.02
0.42
0.02
-0.1%
-1.4%
Key Indicators
Households (millions)
Single-Fam ily . . . . . . .
Multifa mily . . . . . . . . .
Mobile Homes . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Energy Inten sity

(million Btu per household)
Delivered Energy Consumption
Total Energy Consumption . . . .
(thousand B tu per squa re foot)
Delivered Energy Consumption
Total Energy Consumption . . . .
Natural Gas
Space Heating . . . .
Space Cooling . . . .
Water Heating . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . .
Clothes Drye rs . . . .
Delivered Energy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A4.
Residential Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Delivered Energy Consumption by End Use

Space Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes Drye rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freezers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes W ashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dishwashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Uses6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.97
0.87
1.96
0.37
0.35
0.24
0.08
0.72
0.03
0.09
0.33
0.17
0.14
1.03
11.36
4.78
0.83
1.95
0.37
0.35
0.24
0.08
0.71
0.03
0.09
0.34
0.18
0.14
1.03
11.12
4.70
0.82
1.99
0.35
0.36
0.24
0.08
0.57
0.03
0.09
0.33
0.17
0.15
1.11
11.00
4.68
0.85
2.00
0.35
0.38
0.23
0.08
0.54
0.03
0.09
0.34
0.17
0.17
1.23
11.14
4.63
0.90
1.98
0.35
0.39
0.24
0.08
0.52
0.03
0.10
0.36
0.18
0.18
1.37
11.31
4.60
0.95
1.94
0.36
0.40
0.25
0.08
0.53
0.03
0.11
0.39
0.19
0.19
1.51
11.52
4.55
0.99
1.88
0.38
0.41
0.26
0.09
0.54
0.03
0.11
0.42
0.19
0.19
1.65
11.69
-0.2%
0.7%
-0.1%
0.1%
0.6%
0.3%
0.4%
-1.0%
-0.4%
0.8%
0.8%
0.3%
1.3%
1.8%
0.2%
Electricity Related Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.17
9.95
9.46
9.78
10.24
10.69
11.12
0.4%
Total Energy Consumption by End Use

Space Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes Drye rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freezers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes W ashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dishwashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Uses6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.59
2.75
2.89
1.18
0.58
0.65
0.25
2.28
0.11
0.29
1.05
0.55
0.43
2.94
21.53
5.39
2.62
2.88
1.15
0.58
0.64
0.25
2.23
0.10
0.29
1.05
0.56
0.44
2.91
21.08
5.28
2.51
2.96
1.08
0.60
0.62
0.24
1.74
0.09
0.28
1.01
0.52
0.47
3.06
20.46
5.29
2.61
3.01
1.06
0.63
0.60
0.24
1.64
0.08
0.28
1.03
0.53
0.51
3.39
20.92
5.25
2.75
3.00
1.07
0.66
0.61
0.25
1.59
0.08
0.30
1.10
0.54
0.55
3.78
21.55
5.23
2.88
2.94
1.10
0.69
0.63
0.26
1.60
0.09
0.32
1.17
0.56
0.57
4.16
22.22
5.17
3.00
2.85
1.15
0.71
0.66
0.26
1.63
0.09
0.34
1.25
0.58
0.59
4.52
22.81
-0.2%
0.5%
-0.0%
-0.0%
0.8%
0.1%
0.3%
-1.2%
-0.6%
0.7%
0.7%
0.2%
1.1%
1.7%
0.3%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.07
0.03
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.09
0.04
0.00
0.04
0.01
0.09
0.04
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.10
0.05
0.01
0.05
0.01
0.11
8.7%
2.0%
9.7%
11.2%
8.3%
Nonmarketed Renewables 7
Geothermal Heat Pumps
Solar Hot Water Heating
Solar P hotov oltaic . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Does not include water heating portion of load.

Includes small electric devices, heating elements, and motors not listed above.
Includes such appliances as outdoor grills and mosquito traps.
4
Includes wood used for primary and secondary heating in wood stoves or fireplaces as reported in the Residential Energy Consumption Survey 2005.
5
Includes kerosene and coal.
6
Includes all other uses listed above.
7
Represents delivered energy displaced.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official E IA data
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 based on: Energ y Information Adm inistration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010).
Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
10
Table A5.
Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Reference Case

2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Key Indicators
Total Floorsp ace (billion sq uare feet)
Surviving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Additions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
76.4
2.4
78.8
77.9
2.3
80.2
83.4
2.0
85.5
89.3
2.2
91.5
95.1
2.3
97.4
101.1
2.4
103.5
107.3
2.5
109.8
1.2%
0.4%
1.2%
Energy Co nsum ption Intensity

(thousand B tu per squa re foot)
Delivered Energy Consumption . . . . . . . . . .
Total Energy Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
109.1
125.0
234.1
105.9
120.6
226.4
105.1
116.2
221.3
103.6
117.0
220.6
102.0
117.7
219.7
101.1
118.2
219.3
100.5
118.3
218.8
-0.2%
-0.1%
-0.1%
Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel

Purchas ed Electric ity
Space Heating 1 . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling 1 . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating1 . . . . . . . . . .
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (PC) . . . .
Office Equipment (non-PC)
Other Uses2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivered Energy . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.18
0.49
0.09
0.50
0.02
1.04
0.40
0.22
0.24
1.37
4.56
0.18
0.47
0.09
0.50
0.02
1.03
0.40
0.22
0.25
1.35
4.51
0.17
0.53
0.09
0.55
0.02
1.04
0.36
0.19
0.32
1.55
4.82
0.17
0.54
0.09
0.60
0.02
1.09
0.36
0.19
0.37
1.77
5.20
0.17
0.56
0.09
0.64
0.02
1.14
0.36
0.19
0.40
1.99
5.58
0.18
0.59
0.10
0.68
0.02
1.20
0.37
0.21
0.44
2.23
6.01
0.18
0.61
0.09
0.71
0.02
1.25
0.39
0.21
0.47
2.49
6.43
0.0%
1.0%
0.1%
1.4%
-0.0%
0.7%
-0.1%
-0.1%
2.5%
2.4%
1.4%
Natural Gas
Space Heating 1 . . .
Space Cooling 1 . . . .
Water Heating1 . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . .
Other Uses3 . . . . . .
Delivered Energy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.56
0.03
0.44
0.17
1.02
3.22
1.61
0.03
0.45
0.17
0.94
3.20
1.70
0.04
0.51
0.20
0.99
3.44
1.75
0.04
0.55
0.21
1.02
3.57
1.75
0.04
0.58
0.22
1.05
3.65
1.76
0.04
0.61
0.23
1.12
3.76
1.76
0.04
0.64
0.25
1.22
3.90
0.3%
0.5%
1.4%
1.3%
1.0%
0.8%
Space Heating 1 . . .
Water Heating1 . . . .
Other Uses4 . . . . . .
Delivered Energy
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.15
0.02
0.20
0.37
0.16
0.02
0.16
0.34
0.13
0.02
0.13
0.28
0.12
0.02
0.13
0.27
0.11
0.02
0.13
0.26
0.11
0.02
0.13
0.25
0.10
0.02
0.13
0.25
-1.6%
-0.3%
-1.0%
-1.2%
Marketed Renewables (biomass) . . . . . . . . . .

Othe r Fuels 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.11
0.34
0.11
0.33
0.11
0.33
0.11
0.33
0.11
0.34
0.11
0.34
0.11
0.35
0.0%
0.2%
1.89
0.52
0.55
0.50
0.19
1.04
0.40
0.22
0.24
3.04
8.60
1.94
0.51
0.56
0.50
0.20
1.03
0.40
0.22
0.25
2.89
8.49
2.01
0.56
0.62
0.55
0.22
1.04
0.36
0.19
0.32
3.12
8.98
2.04
0.58
0.66
0.60
0.23
1.09
0.36
0.19
0.37
3.35
9.48
2.04
0.60
0.70
0.64
0.25
1.14
0.36
0.19
0.40
3.61
9.93
2.04
0.62
0.73
0.68
0.26
1.20
0.37
0.21
0.44
3.93
10.47
2.04
0.65
0.75
0.71
0.27
1.25
0.39
0.21
0.47
4.30
11.03
0.2%
1.0%
1.1%
1.4%
1.2%
0.7%
-0.1%
-0.1%
2.5%
1.5%
1.0%
Delivered Energy Consumption by End Use

Space Heating 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (PC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (non-PC) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Uses6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivered Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11
Table A5.
Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
Electricity Related Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
9.85
9.66
9.93
10.71
11.46
12.24
12.99
1.1%
Total Energy Consumption by End Use

Space Heating 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (PC) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (non-PC) . . . . . . . .
Other Uses6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2.28
1.58
0.75
1.57
0.24
3.29
1.28
0.70
0.75
6.00
18.44
2.32
1.52
0.76
1.58
0.25
3.24
1.25
0.68
0.78
5.77
18.15
2.35
1.64
0.82
1.69
0.27
3.17
1.11
0.58
0.97
6.31
18.91
2.39
1.70
0.86
1.83
0.28
3.33
1.09
0.58
1.12
6.99
20.18
2.39
1.75
0.89
1.95
0.29
3.48
1.10
0.60
1.23
7.70
21.39
2.40
1.82
0.92
2.06
0.30
3.63
1.13
0.62
1.34
8.48
22.71
2.40
1.89
0.94
2.16
0.31
3.76
1.17
0.64
1.42
9.33
24.02
0.1%
0.8%
0.8%
1.2%
1.0%
0.6%
-0.2%
-0.2%
2.3%
1.9%
1.1%
Nonm arketed R enewa ble Fuels 7

Solar Thermal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic . . . . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.7%
3.9%
4.9%
1.3%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Includes fuel consumption for district services.

Includes misc ellaneous uses , such as service statio n equipment, autom ated teller m achines, telecom munications eq uipment, and m edical eq uipment.
Includes miscell aneous uses, such as pum ps, emerg ency generators, co mbined hea t and power in com mercial buildings, and manufacturing performed in commercial
buildings.
4
Includes miscellaneous uses, such as cooking, emergency generators, and combined heat and power in commercial buildings.
5
Includes residual fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gases, coal, motor gasoline, and kerosene.
6
Includes miscellaneous uses, such as service station equipme nt, automated teller machines, telecommunications equipment, medical equipment, pumps, emergency
generators, combined heat and power in co mme rcial buildings , manufacturing perform ed in comm ercial buildi ngs, and cooking (distillate), plus residual fuel oil, liquefied
petroleum gases, coal, motor gasoline, and kerosene.
7
Represents delivered energy displaced by solar thermal space heating and water heating, and electricity generation by solar photovoltaic systems.
PC = P ersonal com puter.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 based on: Energ y Information Adm inistration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010).
Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
12
Table A6.
Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Reference Case

2008
Key Indicators
Value of Shipments (billion 2005 dollars)
Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmanufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy Prices
(2009 dollars per million Btu)
Liquefied Petroleum Gases . .
Motor Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate Fuel O il . . . . . . . . . .
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . . . .
Asph alt and Road Oil . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Heat and Power .
Natural Gas Feedstocks . . . . .
Metallurgical Coal . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial Coal . . . . . . .
Coal for Liquids . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(nominal dollars per million Btu)
Liquefied Petroleum Gases . .
Motor Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate Fuel O il . . . . . . . . . .
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . . . .
Asph alt and Road Oil . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Heat and Power .
Natural Gas Feedstocks . . . . .
Metallurgical Coal . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial Coal . . . . . . .
Coal for Liquids . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
4680
2039
6720
4197
1821
6017
5278
2200
7478
5639
2317
7956
6010
2388
8397
6386
2443
8829
6761
2537
9298
1.9%
1.3%
1.7%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
24.95
16.48
22.57
16.26
8.35
8.17
9.86
4.53
2.93
-19.97
20.59
16.59
16.56
12.05
6.52
4.48
6.03
5.43
3.05
-19.79
23.35
25.95
19.39
14.84
7.42
4.21
5.79
6.05
2.93
1.80
17.90
25.81
28.11
22.47
16.72
8.38
4.68
6.22
6.33
2.94
1.91
17.81
27.53
29.59
24.27
18.19
8.99
5.51
6.97
6.46
3.00
1.81
18.01
28.39
30.34
25.15
18.68
9.19
6.02
7.41
6.51
3.04
1.99
18.24
28.56
30.77
25.69
18.63
9.07
6.72
8.05
6.59
3.13
2.11
18.74
1.3%
2.4%
1.7%
1.7%
1.3%
1.6%
1.1%
0.7%
0.1%
--0.2%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
24.72
16.33
22.36
16.11
8.27
8.10
9.77
4.49
2.90
-19.79
20.59
16.59
16.56
12.05
6.52
4.48
6.03
5.43
3.05
-19.79
25.50
28.34
21.18
16.21
8.10
4.60
6.32
6.60
3.19
1.97
19.55
31.21
34.00
27.17
20.22
10.14
5.67
7.52
7.66
3.56
2.31
21.54
36.46
39.18
32.14
24.09
11.90
7.30
9.23
8.56
3.98
2.40
23.86
41.22
44.06
36.52
27.13
13.35
8.74
10.76
9.45
4.42
2.89
26.48
45.66
49.19
41.07
29.79
14.50
10.74
12.88
10.53
5.00
3.37
29.96
3.1%
4.3%
3.6%
3.5%
3.1%
3.4%
3.0%
2.6%
1.9%
-1.6%
Energy Consumption (quadrillion Btu)1

Industrial Consumption Excluding Refining
Liquefied Petroleum Gases Heat and Power
Liquefied Petroleum Gases Feedstocks . . . .
Motor Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asph alt and Road Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous Petroleum 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Heat and Power . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas Feedstocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metallurgical Coal and Coke4 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewables 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchas ed Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.23
1.85
0.25
1.26
0.19
1.12
0.35
1.01
0.48
6.74
4.99
0.59
1.26
6.84
0.62
1.10
1.72
1.52
3.27
20.09
7.06
27.15
0.21
1.79
0.25
1.16
0.16
0.90
0.28
0.87
0.27
5.88
4.43
0.54
1.19
6.17
0.38
0.88
1.26
1.42
2.82
17.56
6.04
23.60
0.25
2.07
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.29
0.22
1.09
0.36
6.94
6.26
0.61
1.22
8.10
0.59
0.92
1.51
1.89
3.36
21.81
6.93
28.73
0.25
2.10
0.33
1.17
0.17
1.33
0.22
1.06
0.35
6.97
6.37
0.60
1.22
8.19
0.58
0.92
1.50
1.98
3.38
22.03
6.97
28.99
0.25
2.08
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.33
0.22
1.01
0.35
6.90
6.33
0.56
1.21
8.10
0.55
0.91
1.47
2.05
3.33
21.84
6.84
28.68
0.24
1.99
0.33
1.14
0.16
1.30
0.21
0.96
0.33
6.67
6.33
0.51
1.22
8.06
0.51
0.90
1.41
2.06
3.20
21.40
6.52
27.92
0.24
1.89
0.32
1.14
0.16
1.25
0.21
0.95
0.32
6.48
6.34
0.47
1.28
8.08
0.47
0.88
1.35
2.04
3.07
21.03
6.20
27.22
0.5%
0.2%
1.0%
-0.1%
-0.1%
1.3%
-1.1%
0.4%
0.6%
0.4%
1.4%
-0.6%
0.3%
1.0%
0.8%
0.0%
0.3%
1.4%
0.3%
0.7%
0.1%
0.6%
13
Table A6.
Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
14
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Refining Consumption
Petroleum Coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Still Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.51
1.60
0.02
2.16
1.25
0.00
1.25
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.98
0.17
4.63
0.38
5.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.52
1.50
0.02
2.05
1.34
0.00
1.34
0.06
0.00
0.06
0.65
0.19
4.28
0.40
4.68
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.59
1.72
0.02
2.38
1.41
0.00
1.41
0.06
0.10
0.16
0.83
0.17
4.94
0.34
5.29
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.56
1.66
0.02
2.28
1.49
0.00
1.49
0.06
0.15
0.21
1.17
0.18
5.33
0.37
5.70
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.55
1.65
0.02
2.27
1.45
0.00
1.45
0.06
0.31
0.37
1.88
0.18
6.15
0.37
6.51
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.57
1.71
0.02
2.35
1.50
0.00
1.50
0.06
0.62
0.68
2.34
0.19
7.05
0.38
7.43
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.59
1.85
0.03
2.51
1.47
0.00
1.47
0.06
1.00
1.06
2.66
0.19
7.90
0.39
8.29
6.1%
--0.5%
0.8%
1.6%
0.8%
0.4%
-0.4%
0.0%
31.9%
11.7%
5.6%
0.2%
2.4%
-0.1%
2.2%
Total Industrial Sector Consumption

Motor Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Still Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewables 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.24
1.85
0.25
1.27
0.20
1.12
0.87
1.01
1.60
0.50
8.91
6.24
0.00
0.59
1.26
8.09
0.62
1.16
0.00
1.78
0.98
1.52
3.44
24.72
7.44
32.16
0.22
1.79
0.25
1.16
0.17
0.90
0.80
0.87
1.50
0.28
7.94
5.77
0.00
0.54
1.19
7.51
0.38
0.94
0.00
1.32
0.65
1.42
3.01
21.84
6.44
28.29
0.30
2.07
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.29
0.81
1.09
1.72
0.38
9.32
7.67
0.00
0.61
1.22
9.50
0.59
0.98
0.10
1.67
0.83
1.89
3.53
26.75
7.27
34.02
0.29
2.10
0.33
1.17
0.17
1.33
0.77
1.06
1.66
0.37
9.25
7.85
0.00
0.60
1.22
9.67
0.58
0.98
0.15
1.71
1.17
1.98
3.56
27.35
7.33
34.69
0.29
2.08
0.33
1.16
0.17
1.33
0.77
1.01
1.65
0.37
9.17
7.78
0.00
0.56
1.21
9.55
0.55
0.97
0.31
1.84
1.88
2.05
3.50
27.99
7.20
35.19
0.29
1.99
0.33
1.14
0.16
1.30
0.78
0.96
1.71
0.35
9.01
7.83
0.00
0.51
1.22
9.56
0.51
0.96
0.62
2.09
2.34
2.06
3.39
28.45
6.90
35.35
0.29
1.89
0.32
1.14
0.16
1.25
0.80
0.95
1.85
0.34
9.00
7.81
0.00
0.47
1.28
9.56
0.47
0.94
1.00
2.41
2.66
2.04
3.26
28.92
6.59
35.52
1.1%
0.2%
1.0%
-0.1%
-0.2%
1.3%
-0.0%
0.4%
0.8%
0.7%
0.5%
1.2%
--0.6%
0.3%
0.9%
0.8%
0.0%
31.9%
2.3%
5.6%
1.4%
0.3%
1.1%
0.1%
0.9%
Table A6.
Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Energy Consumption per dollar of

Shipment (thousand Btu per 2005 dollars)
Motor Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum Coke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Still Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal Subtotal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewables 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.04
0.27
0.04
0.19
0.03
0.17
0.13
0.15
0.24
0.07
1.33
0.93
0.00
0.09
0.19
1.20
0.09
0.17
0.00
0.27
0.15
0.23
0.51
3.68
1.11
4.79
0.04
0.30
0.04
0.19
0.03
0.15
0.13
0.14
0.25
0.05
1.32
0.96
0.00
0.09
0.20
1.25
0.06
0.16
0.00
0.22
0.11
0.24
0.50
3.63
1.07
4.70
0.04
0.28
0.04
0.16
0.02
0.17
0.11
0.15
0.23
0.05
1.25
1.03
0.00
0.08
0.16
1.27
0.08
0.13
0.01
0.22
0.11
0.25
0.47
3.58
0.97
4.55
0.04
0.26
0.04
0.15
0.02
0.17
0.10
0.13
0.21
0.05
1.16
0.99
0.00
0.07
0.15
1.22
0.07
0.12
0.02
0.22
0.15
0.25
0.45
3.44
0.92
4.36
0.03
0.25
0.04
0.14
0.02
0.16
0.09
0.12
0.20
0.04
1.09
0.93
0.00
0.07
0.14
1.14
0.07
0.12
0.04
0.22
0.22
0.24
0.42
3.33
0.86
4.19
0.03
0.23
0.04
0.13
0.02
0.15
0.09
0.11
0.19
0.04
1.02
0.89
0.00
0.06
0.14
1.08
0.06
0.11
0.07
0.24
0.27
0.23
0.38
3.22
0.78
4.00
0.03
0.20
0.03
0.12
0.02
0.13
0.09
0.10
0.20
0.04
0.97
0.84
0.00
0.05
0.14
1.03
0.05
0.10
0.11
0.26
0.29
0.22
0.35
3.11
0.71
3.82
-0.6%
-1.5%
-0.7%
-1.7%
-1.9%
-0.4%
-1.7%
-1.3%
-0.9%
-1.0%
-1.2%
-0.5%
--2.2%
-1.4%
-0.7%
-0.9%
-1.7%
29.7%
0.6%
3.8%
-0.3%
-1.4%
-0.6%
-1.6%
-0.8%
Industrial Combined Heat and Power

Capacity (gigawatts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Generation (billion kilowatthours) . . . . . . . . . .
25.73
135.57
28.01
152.77
39.25
231.30
44.36
269.39
53.29
339.26
61.01
397.21
67.20
444.39
3.4%
4.2%
Includes lubricants and miscellaneous petroleum products.
4
Includes net coal coke imports.
5
Includes consumption of energy produced from hydroelectric, wood and wood waste, municipal waste, and other biomass sources.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of compone nts due to independent rounding . Data for 2008 and 2 009 are model res ults and may di ffer slightly from officia l EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 prices for motor gasoline and distillate fuel oil are based on: Energy Information A dministratio n (EIA), Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009,
DOE/EIA-0487(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 and 2009 petrochemi cal feedstoc k and asphalt and roa d oil prices a re based on: EIA, State Energ y Data
Report 2008, DOE/EIA-0214(2008) (Washington, DC, June 2010). 2008 a nd 2009 coa l prices are ba sed on: EIA, Quarterly Coal Report, October-December 2009,
DOE/EIA-0121(2009/4Q) (Washington, DC, April 2010) and EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C. 2008 and 2009 electricity prices:
EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 and 2009 natural gas prices a re based on: EIA, Manufacturing Energy
Consumption Survey and industrial and we llhead price s from the Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010) and the Natural Gas
Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 refining consum ption values are b ased on: Petroleum Supply Annual 2008, DOE/EIA0340(2008)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2009). 2009 refining consumptio n based on: Petroleum Supply Annual 2009, DOE/EIA-0340(2009)/1 (W ashington, DC, July
2010). Other 2008 and 20 09 consump tion values are ba sed on: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010). 2008 and
2009 shipm ents: IHS Glob al Insight Industry mode l, Septem ber 2010. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
15
Table A7.
Transportation Sector Key Indicators and Delivered Energy Consumption

Reference Case

2008
Key Indicators
Travel Indicators
(billion vehicle miles traveled)
Light-Duty Vehicles less than 8,500
Commercial Light Trucks1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freight Trucks greater than 10,000 pounds
(billion seat miles available)
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(billion ton miles traveled)
Rail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy Efficiency Indicators
(miles per gallon)
New Light-Duty Ve hicle CAFE Standard 2 .
New Car2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Light Truck2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Com plianc e New L ight-D uty Ve hicle 3 . . . .
New Car3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Light Truck3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teste d New L ight-D uty Ve hicle 4 . . . . . . . .
New Car4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Light Truck4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-R oad N ew Light -Duty V ehicle 5 . . . . . .
New Car5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Light Truck5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Light-Duty Stock 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New Commercial Light Truck1 . . . . . . . . .
Stock Commercial Light Truck1 . . . . . . . .
Freight Truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(seat miles per gallon)
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ton miles per thousand Btu)
Rail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy Use by Mode
(quadrillion Btu)
Light-Duty Vehicles . . . .
Commercial Light Trucks1
Bus Transportation . . . . .
Freight Trucks . . . . . . . .
Rail, Passenger . . . . . . .
Rail, Freight . . . . . . . . . .
Shipp ing, Do me stic . . . .
Shipping, International . .
Recreation al Boats . . . . .
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Military Use . . . . . . . . . .
Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Fuel . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
..
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
2690
72
228
2707
67
207
2947
81
250
3199
87
269
3465
92
291
3754
98
313
4044
104
335
1.6%
1.7%
1.9%
1014
960
1059
1122
1180
1234
1282
1.1%
1777
521
1677
486
1891
520
2020
544
2149
559
2231
578
2314
596
1.2%
0.8%
25.2
28.4
22.4
28.0
32.5
24.2
28.0
32.5
24.2
23.2
26.5
20.3
20.8
15.4
14.3
6.1
25.4
28.4
23.0
29.1
33.7
25.5
28.0
32.7
24.3
23.2
26.7
20.4
20.8
15.6
14.4
6.1
32.6
37.9
28.0
32.5
37.7
27.8
31.2
36.5
26.6
26.0
30.0
22.3
22.1
16.4
15.2
6.1
35.4
40.4
29.7
35.7
40.6
30.2
34.5
39.4
29.0
28.7
32.6
24.4
23.9
17.7
16.3
6.2
35.6
40.4
29.7
36.5
41.1
30.7
35.3
39.9
29.5
29.5
33.2
24.8
25.6
17.9
17.2
6.4
35.8
40.4
29.7
37.1
41.5
31.2
35.9
40.3
30.0
30.1
33.7
25.2
27.0
18.0
17.7
6.5
35.9
40.4
29.7
37.6
41.9
31.7
36.4
40.6
30.5
30.5
34.0
25.6
27.8
18.1
18.0
6.6
1.3%
1.4%
1.0%
1.0%
0.8%
0.8%
1.0%
0.8%
0.9%
1.1%
0.9%
0.9%
1.1%
0.6%
0.9%
0.3%
61.8
62.0
62.8
64.1
65.6
67.5
69.9
0.5%
3.3
2.4
3.3
2.4
3.3
2.4
3.3
2.5
3.3
2.5
3.4
2.5
3.4
2.5
0.1%
0.2%
16.14
0.63
0.27
4.70
0.05
0.58
0.23
0.90
0.25
2.70
0.71
0.14
0.67
27.95
16.13
0.58
0.27
4.26
0.05
0.51
0.20
0.78
0.26
2.66
0.75
0.13
0.65
27.23
16.36
0.66
0.28
5.11
0.05
0.57
0.22
0.78
0.27
2.71
0.69
0.12
0.65
28.49
16.29
0.66
0.29
5.43
0.06
0.61
0.22
0.79
0.28
2.84
0.70
0.12
0.65
28.96
16.39
0.67
0.30
5.72
0.06
0.64
0.23
0.79
0.29
2.95
0.72
0.13
0.64
29.55
16.90
0.69
0.32
6.02
0.06
0.67
0.23
0.80
0.30
3.03
0.74
0.13
0.65
30.54
17.69
0.73
0.33
6.34
0.07
0.69
0.24
0.80
0.31
3.07
0.76
0.13
0.67
31.82
0.4%
0.8%
0.8%
1.5%
1.1%
1.1%
0.6%
0.1%
0.6%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.6%
Table A7.
Transportation Sector Key Indicators and Delivered Energy Consumption

(Continued)
Reference Case

2008
Energy Use by Mode
(million bar rels per da y oil equivalen t)
Light-Duty Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial Light Trucks1 . . . . . . . . . .
Bus Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freight Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail, Passenger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail, Freight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipp ing, Do me stic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipping, International . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recreation al Boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Military Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
8.55
0.32
0.13
2.26
0.02
0.27
0.11
0.39
0.13
1.31
0.34
0.07
0.31
14.22
2009
8.62
0.30
0.13
2.05
0.02
0.24
0.09
0.34
0.14
1.29
0.36
0.06
0.31
13.95
2015
8.82
0.34
0.14
2.46
0.03
0.27
0.10
0.34
0.15
1.31
0.33
0.06
0.31
14.65
2020
8.89
0.34
0.14
2.61
0.03
0.29
0.10
0.35
0.15
1.38
0.34
0.06
0.31
14.99
2025
9.08
0.34
0.15
2.75
0.03
0.31
0.11
0.35
0.16
1.43
0.34
0.06
0.30
15.41
2030
9.42
0.36
0.15
2.89
0.03
0.32
0.11
0.35
0.16
1.46
0.35
0.06
0.31
15.98
2035
9.84
0.37
0.16
3.05
0.03
0.33
0.11
0.35
0.17
1.49
0.36
0.06
0.31
16.64
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
0.5%
0.9%
0.8%
1.5%
1.1%
1.2%
0.6%
0.1%
0.7%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.7%
Commercial trucks 8,500 to 10,000 pounds.

CAFE standard based on projected new vehicle sales.
Includes CAFE credits for alternative fueled vehicle sales, but does not include banked credits used for compliance.
4
Environme ntal Protection Ag ency rated mi les per gall on.
5
Tested new vehicle efficiency revised for on-road performance.
6
Combined car and light truck on-the-road estimate.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of compone nts due to independent rounding . Data for 2008 and 2009 are m odel results and m ay differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009: Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA), Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA -0131(200 8) (W ashington, DC, Marc h 2010); EIA, Annual
Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010); Fede ral Highwa y Admi nistration, Highway Statistics 2008 (Washington, DC, April 2010);
Oak Ridge N ational Labo ratory, Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 29 and Annual (Oak Ridge, TN, 2010); National Highway Traffic and Safety Adm inistration,
Summa ry of Fuel Economy Performance (Washington, DC, December 9, 2009); U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Vehicle Inventory and Use
Survey, EC02TV (Washington, DC, December 2004); EIA, Alternatives to Traditional Transportation Fuels 2008 (Part II - User and Fuel Data), April 2010; EIA, State
Energy Data Report 2008, DOE/EIA-0214(2008) (W ashington, DC, June 2010); U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Specia l Program s Admi nistration,
Air Carrier Statistics Monthly, December 2009/2008 (W ashington, DC, D ecemb er ; EIA, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales 2008, DOE/EIA-0535(2008) (Washington, DC,
December 2009); and United States Dep artment of Defense, Defe nse Fuel Suppl y Center, Fact Book (Ja nuary, 2010). Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy
Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
17
Table A8.
Electricity Supply, Disposition, Prices, and Emissions

(Billion Kilowatthours, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case

2008
Generation by Fuel Type
Electric Power Sector1
Power Only 2
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pumped Storage/Other4 . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources5 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distributed Generation (Natural Gas)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combined Heat and Power 6
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Net Generation . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less Direct Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.......
1932
39
683
806
0
347
0
3807
1719
32
722
799
2
380
0
3653
1753
38
703
839
-0
496
1
3830
1849
40
700
882
-0
525
1
3997
1990
41
688
882
-0
542
2
4145
2052
41
790
882
-0
554
3
4321
2092
42
903
879
-0
569
3
4488
0.8%
1.1%
0.9%
0.4%
-1.6%
-0.8%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
37
4
119
4
167
3974
35
30
4
119
4
161
3814
35
25
0
131
3
159
3989
33
25
0
123
4
152
4149
33
29
0
118
4
152
4296
33
29
0
120
3
153
4474
33
31
0
114
3
149
4637
33
0.1%
-9.1%
-0.2%
-1.3%
-0.3%
0.8%
-0.2%
Net Availa ble to the Gr id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3939
3779
3956
4116
4263
4441
4604
0.8%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
19
3
80
11
34
2
149
120
29
23
5
90
11
36
2
167
135
31
31
5
143
15
63
1
258
208
50
35
5
162
15
83
1
301
235
66
44
5
182
15
129
1
376
274
102
58
5
214
15
148
1
442
325
117
74
5
253
15
153
1
502
373
129
4.6%
-0.3%
4.0%
1.4%
5.8%
-1.8%
4.3%
4.0%
5.6%
Total Electricity Generation by Fuel

Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources5,9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Electricity Generation . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Net G eneration to th e Grid . . . . . . . . . . .
1987
46
882
806
385
16
4123
3968
1772
41
931
799
420
18
3981
3810
1810
43
977
839
562
16
4247
4006
1909
45
987
882
612
16
4450
4182
2063
46
991
882
674
16
4672
4365
2140
46
1127
882
705
16
4916
4558
2197
47
1274
879
725
16
5139
4733
0.8%
0.5%
1.2%
0.4%
2.1%
-0.3%
1.0%
0.8%
Net Imp orts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
34
33
27
22
13
14
-3.4%
1380
1336
1009
7
3732
154
3886
1363
1323
882
7
3575
170
3745
1346
1413
1035
8
3803
242
4044
1392
1523
1044
9
3969
268
4237
1460
1635
1027
12
4135
307
4442
1539
1761
993
15
4308
358
4666
1613
1885
957
19
4474
406
4880
0.7%
1.4%
0.3%
4.1%
0.9%
3.4%
1.0%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
End-Use Generation
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . .
Othe r Gas eous Fuels 8 . . .
Renewable Sources9 . . . .
Other10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less Direct Use . . . . . . . .
Total Sales to the Grid
Electricity Sales by Sector

Residential . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Direct Use . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Electricity Use . . .
18
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A8.
Electricity Supply, Disposition, Prices, and Emissions (Continued)

Reference Case

2008
End-Use Prices
(2009 ce nts per kilowatthou r)
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . .
All Sectors Average . . . . . .
(nomina l cents per k ilowatthour)
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . .
All Sectors Average . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11.3
10.4
6.8
11.8
9.8
11.5
10.1
6.8
11.9
9.8
10.9
9.2
6.1
10.3
9.0
10.7
9.1
6.1
9.5
8.9
10.7
9.1
6.1
9.8
8.9
10.6
9.1
6.2
10.2
9.0
10.8
9.2
6.4
10.8
9.2
-0.2%
-0.3%
-0.2%
-0.4%
-0.2%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11.2
10.3
6.8
11.7
9.7
11.5
10.1
6.8
11.9
9.8
11.9
10.1
6.7
11.3
9.8
13.0
11.0
7.4
11.5
10.7
14.1
12.1
8.1
12.9
11.8
15.5
13.2
9.0
14.8
13.0
17.3
14.7
10.2
17.2
14.7
1.6%
1.5%
1.6%
1.4%
1.6%
..............
..............
..............
6.1
0.7
2.9
6.0
0.7
3.0
5.1
0.8
3.0
5.3
0.8
2.8
5.6
0.8
2.6
5.8
0.8
2.4
6.0
0.8
2.3
0.0%
0.5%
-1.0%
..............
..............
..............
6.1
0.7
2.9
6.0
0.7
3.0
5.6
0.9
3.3
6.4
1.0
3.4
7.4
1.1
3.4
8.4
1.2
3.5
9.7
1.4
3.7
1.8%
2.3%
0.8%
Electric Power Sector Emissions 1

Sulfur Dioxide (million tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nitrogen Oxide (million tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mercury (tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.62
3.01
45.27
5.72
1.99
40.66
3.76
1.99
27.06
3.76
2.01
27.71
4.24
2.01
29.03
4.01
2.03
28.70
3.81
2.02
28.92
-1.6%
0.1%
-1.3%
Prices by Service Category

(2009 ce nts per kilowatthou r)
Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(nomina l cents per k ilowatthour)
Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Includes plants that only produce electricity.
Includes electricity generation from fuel cells.
4
Includes non-biogenic municipal waste. The Energy Information Administration estimates approximately 7 billion kilowatthours of electricity were generated from
a municipal waste stream containing petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. See Ene rgy Information Ad ministration, Methodology for Allocating
Municipal Solid Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy, (W ashington, DC, M ay 2007).
5
Includes conventiona l hydroelectric, ge othermal, wo od, wood w aste, biogenic municipal w aste, landfill gas , other biomas s, solar, and wind p ower.
6
Includes combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell elec tricity and heat to the public (i.e., those that repo rt North Americ an Industry
Classific ation System code 22).
7
Includes combined heat and power plants and electricity-only plants in the commercial and industrial sectors; and small on-site generating systems in the residential,
commercial, and industrial sectors used primarily for own-use generation, but which may also sell some power to the grid.
8
Includes refinery gas and still gas.
9
Includes conventiona l hydroelectric, ge othermal, wo od, wood w aste, all munici pal waste , landfill gas, other biom ass, solar, and w ind power.
10
Includes batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, and miscellaneous technologies.
11
Includes pumped storage, non-biogenic municipal waste, refinery gas , still gas, batteries, chem icals, hydroge n, pitch, purchased steam , sulfur, and miscella neous
technologies.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are mode l results and may differ slightly from offic ial EIA data
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 electric power sector generation; sales to utilities; net imports; electricity sales; electricity end-use prices; and emissions: Energy
Information Adminis tration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010), and supporting databases. 2008 and 2009 prices:
EIA, AEO2 011 Natio nal Energy M odeling Sy stem run REF 2011.D1 20810C . Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Mo deling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
19
Table A9.
Electricity Generating Capacity

(Gigawatts)
Reference Case
Net Sum mer C apacity
2008
Power Only 3
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and Natural Gas Steam 4
Com bined Cycle . . . . . . . . .
Combustion Turbine/Diesel
Nuclear Power5 . . . . . . . . . .
Pumped Storage . . . . . . . .
Fuel Ce lls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources6 . . . . .
Distributed Generation7 . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combined Heat and Power 8
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Com bined Cycle . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
304.4
114.6
157.1
131.7
100.6
21.8
0.0
109.7
0.0
939.8
308.2
114.0
165.4
134.6
101.0
21.8
0.0
116.3
0.0
961.5
312.8
100.4
171.0
137.4
105.7
21.8
0.0
138.1
0.5
987.8
314.2
90.6
171.1
142.6
111.1
21.8
0.0
139.0
0.9
991.5
314.2
90.1
177.0
152.8
111.1
21.8
0.0
142.6
1.4
1011.0
314.2
90.1
201.2
165.3
111.1
21.8
0.0
145.8
2.4
1052.0
314.5
88.1
224.9
179.1
111.1
21.8
0.0
148.7
4.1
1092.3
0.1%
-1.0%
1.2%
1.1%
0.4%
0.0%
-0.9%
-0.5%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4.7
0.4
31.8
2.8
0.7
40.4
4.7
0.4
31.8
2.9
0.7
40.4
4.5
0.4
32.8
3.0
0.7
41.3
4.5
0.4
32.8
3.0
0.7
41.3
4.5
0.4
32.8
3.0
0.7
41.3
4.5
0.4
32.8
3.0
0.7
41.3
4.5
0.4
32.8
3.0
0.7
41.3
-0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.5
0.0
6.4
2.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
21.7
11.5
0.0
6.4
2.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
21.8
11.5
0.0
6.4
2.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
21.9
11.5
0.0
6.4
2.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
1.1
0.0
22.0
11.5
0.0
6.4
2.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
1.1
0.0
22.1
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
Additions
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21.1
0.5
26.2
47.9
2.0
0.0
0.7
9.9
5.2
0.0
0.0
21.9
0.9
40.7
62.5
2.0
0.0
6.5
20.1
5.2
0.0
0.0
25.4
1.4
60.6
82.6
2.0
0.0
30.8
32.7
5.2
0.0
0.0
28.5
2.4
101.5
123.6
2.2
0.0
54.5
46.5
5.2
0.0
0.0
31.3
4.1
143.9
166.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.1
13.6
0.4
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
24.2
7.7
23.4
0.4
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
35.3
7.7
23.9
0.4
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
35.8
7.7
23.9
0.4
3.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
35.9
7.7
26.0
0.4
3.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
37.9
Total Electric Powe r Sector C apacity . . . . . . . .
980.2
1001.9
1029.1
1032.8
1052.4
1093.3
1133.6
Cumulative Planned Additions9

Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and Natural Gas Steam 4 . . . . .
Com bined Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combustion Turbine/Diesel . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pumped Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Ce lls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources6 . . . . . . . . . .
Distributed Generation7 . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cumulative Unplanned Additions 9
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and Natural Gas Steam 4 . . . . .
Com bined Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combustion Turbine/Diesel . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pumped Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel Ce lls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable Sources6 . . . . . . . . . .
Distributed Generation7 . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cumulative Electric Power Sector
Cumu lative Retire ments 10
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Com bined Cycle . . . . . . . . .
Nuclear Power . . . . . . . . . .
Pumped Storage . . . . . . . .
Fuel Ce lls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.5%
Table A9.
Electricity Generating Capacity (Continued)

(Gigawatts)
Reference Case
2008
End-Use Generators 11
Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Petroleum . . . . . . . . .
Natural Gas . . . . . . .
Othe r Gas eous Fuels
Renewable Sources6
Other . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.5
0.9
14.8
1.9
6.7
0.7
28.4
4.0
1.2
16.2
1.9
7.5
0.7
31.5
5.1
1.2
23.2
2.7
17.5
0.7
50.5
5.6
1.2
25.9
2.7
21.4
0.7
57.5
6.8
1.2
28.5
2.7
27.5
0.7
67.4
8.7
1.2
32.8
2.7
30.5
0.7
76.7
10.8
1.2
38.0
2.7
31.8
0.7
85.2
3.9%
0.2%
3.3%
1.3%
5.7%
0.0%
3.9%
Cumulative Capacity Additions 9 . . . . . . . . . .
0.0
0.0
18.9
26.0
35.9
45.2
53.7
--
1
Net summ er capacity is the steady hourly output that generating eq uipment is expe cted to supply to sys tem load (exclusive of auxiliary p ower), as demonstrated
by tests during summer peak demand.
2
3
Includes plants that only produce electricity. Includes capacity increases (uprates) at existing units.
4
Includes oil-, gas-, and dual-fired capacity.
5
Nuclear capacity includes 3.8 gigawatts of uprates through 2035.
6
Includes conventional hydroe lectric, geotherm al, wood, w ood was te, all municipa l waste, landfill gas, other biomass, solar, and wind po wer. Facilitie s co-firing
biomass and coal are classified as coal.
7
Primarily peak load capacity fueled by natural gas.
8
Includes combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell elec tricity and heat to the public (i.e., those that repo rt North Americ an Industry
Classific ation System code 22).
9
Cumulative additions after December 31, 2009.
10
Cumulative retirements after December 31, 2009.
11
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are mode l results and may differ slightly from offic ial EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 capacity and projected planned additions: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-860, "Annual Electric Ge nerator Repo rt
(prelimina ry). Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
21
Table A10. Electricity Trade

Reference Case
Electricity Trade
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Interregional Electricity Trade

Gross Domestic Sales
Firm Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
181.3
303.1
484.4
185.6
279.2
464.7
172.7
293.6
466.4
123.5
252.3
375.8
65.6
291.4
357.0
54.1
302.2
356.2
54.1
321.0
375.1
-4.6%
0.5%
-0.8%
Gross Domestic Sales (million 2009 dollars)

Firm Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10738.4
Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24156.3
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34894.7
10992.8
11226.6
22219.4
10232.4
12230.6
22463.0
7313.8
11373.5
18687.3
3888.3
15671.2
19559.5
3203.2
16052.6
19255.7
3203.2
18394.0
21597.1
-4.6%
1.9%
-0.1%
International Electricity Trade

Imports from Canada and Mexico
Firm Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19.9
37.1
57.0
19.3
33.1
52.4
28.4
24.5
52.9
16.9
29.1
46.0
3.1
36.0
39.2
0.4
29.2
29.5
0.4
30.0
30.4
-14.0%
-0.4%
-2.1%
Exports to Canada and

Firm Power . . . . . . .
Economy . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . .
3.3
20.7
24.1
3.3
14.7
18.1
0.9
18.7
19.6
0.5
18.1
18.6
0.1
17.5
17.6
0.0
17.0
17.0
0.0
16.4
16.4
-0.4%
-0.4%
Mexico
.....................
.....................
.....................
Note: Totals m ay not equal sum of compone nts due to independent rounding . Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official E IA
data reports. Firm Power Sales are capacity sales, meaning the delivery of the power is scheduled as part of the normal operating conditions of the affected electric
systems. Economy Sales are subject to curtailment or cessation of delivery by the supplier in accordance with prior agreements or under specified conditions.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 interregional firm electricity trade d ata: North Ame rican Electric R eliability Council (NE RC), Electricity Sa les and Demand Database 2007.
2008 and 2009 Mexican electricity trade data: Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA), Ele ctric Power Annual 2009 DOE/E IA-0348(20 09) (W ashington, DC, Janua ry
2011). 2008 Canad ian international elec tricity trade data: Na tional Energy B oard, Electricity Exports and Imports Statistics, 2008. 2009 Canadian electricity trade data:
National E nergy Board, Electricity Exports and Imports Statistics, 2009. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
22
Table A11. Liquid Fuels Supply and Disposition

(Million Barrels per Day, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Supply and Disposition
2008
Crude O il
Domestic Crude Production 1
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lower 48 States . . . . . . .
Net Imp orts . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross Im ports . . . . . . . . .
Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Othe r Crud e Supply 2 . . . . .
Total Crude S upply . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2020
2025
2030
2035
4.96
0.69
4.28
9.75
9.78
0.03
-0.06
14.66
5.36
0.65
4.71
8.97
9.01
0.04
0.01
14.33
5.72
0.49
5.23
8.81
8.84
0.03
0.00
14.53
6.05
0.42
5.63
8.34
8.38
0.03
0.00
14.39
5.80
0.41
5.39
8.40
8.43
0.03
0.00
14.20
5.82
0.27
5.55
8.29
8.32
0.03
0.00
14.11
5.73
0.39
5.34
8.52
8.55
0.03
0.00
14.24
0.3%
-1.9%
0.5%
-0.2%
-0.2%
-1.3%
--0.0%
Other P etroleum Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Natural Gas Plant Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Produ ct Impo rts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross R efined Prod uct Imp orts 3 . . . . . . . . . . .
Unfinished O il Imports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blending Co mpo nent Im ports . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refine ry Proc essing G ain 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product Stock Withdrawal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other N on-petroleum Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supply from Renewable Sources . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Impo rts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Impo rts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Biomass-derived Liquids5 . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquids from Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquids from Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.10
1.78
1.39
1.54
0.76
0.79
1.71
1.00
-0.07
0.76
0.66
0.64
0.61
0.03
0.02
0.04
-0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
3.59
1.91
0.75
1.27
0.68
0.72
1.91
0.98
-0.04
0.81
0.76
0.73
0.72
0.01
0.02
0.03
-0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
4.39
2.22
1.17
1.06
0.80
0.81
1.51
1.00
0.00
1.40
1.12
1.01
0.95
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.05
0.24
4.35
2.37
0.97
0.98
0.78
0.81
1.61
1.01
0.00
1.85
1.44
1.29
1.18
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.07
0.34
4.41
2.63
0.84
0.94
0.76
0.80
1.65
0.93
0.00
2.33
1.89
1.57
1.41
0.16
0.12
0.12
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.13
0.31
4.39
2.74
0.77
0.93
0.75
0.81
1.71
0.88
0.00
2.86
2.31
1.76
1.52
0.23
0.13
0.13
0.00
0.42
0.00
0.29
0.27
4.43
2.90
0.66
0.85
0.77
0.84
1.80
0.87
0.00
3.30
2.56
1.82
1.56
0.26
0.13
0.13
0.00
0.62
0.00
0.47
0.27
0.8%
1.6%
-0.5%
-1.5%
0.5%
0.6%
-0.2%
-0.5%
-5.6%
4.8%
3.6%
3.0%
12.2%
7.1%
5.2%
----6.6%
Total Prim ary Supply 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19.51
18.73
20.32
20.59
20.94
21.36
21.97
0.6%
Liquid Fuels Consumption

by Fuel
Liquefied Petroleum Gases .
E85 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 9 . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate F uel O il11 . . . . . . . .
Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
by Sector
Residential and Commercial
Industrial13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power14 . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2015
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2.04
0.00
8.99
1.54
3.94
3.44
0.62
2.38
2.13
0.00
9.00
1.39
3.63
3.18
0.51
2.15
2.32
0.01
9.40
1.55
4.14
3.68
0.59
2.45
2.34
0.22
9.18
1.62
4.33
3.90
0.60
2.41
2.33
0.60
8.89
1.68
4.49
4.09
0.61
2.38
2.26
0.83
8.94
1.72
4.66
4.28
0.61
2.37
2.19
0.83
9.31
1.75
4.87
4.51
0.62
2.41
0.1%
26.2%
0.1%
0.9%
1.1%
1.4%
0.7%
0.4%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.06
4.69
13.87
0.21
19.52
1.04
4.25
13.61
0.18
18.81
0.95
5.00
14.31
0.19
20.45
0.91
4.98
14.60
0.20
20.69
0.88
4.94
14.95
0.21
20.98
0.86
4.84
15.47
0.21
21.39
0.85
4.80
16.11
0.21
21.97
-0.8%
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.6%
Discrepancy15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-0.01
-0.08
-0.13
-0.10
-0.05
-0.03
0.00
--
23
Table A11. Liquid Fuels Supply and Disposition (Continued)

Reference Case
2008
Dom estic Refinery D istillation Capacity 16 . . . . . .

Capac ity Utilization Rate (percent) 17 . . . . . . . . .
Net Im port Share of Produc t Supplied (perc ent)
Net Expenditures for Imported Crude Oil and
Petroleum Products (billion 2009 dollars) . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
..
..
..
17.6
85.0
57.2
17.7
83.0
51.9
17.5
84.9
49.4
16.7
87.9
45.8
16.1
90.0
44.9
16.0
90.3
43.5
16.0
91.0
42.9
-0.4%
0.4%
-0.7%
..
272.70
203.67
300.55
326.21
354.97
366.91
382.21
2.5%
Includes lease condensate.

Strategic petroleum reserve stock additions plus unaccounted for crude oil and crude stock withdrawals minus crude product supplied.
Includes other hydrocarbons and alcohols.
4
The volumetric amount by which total output is greater than input due to the processi ng of crude oil into products which, in total, have a lower specific gravity than
the crude oil processed.
5
Includes pyrolysis oils, biomass-derived Fischer-Tropsch liquids, and renewable feedstocks used for the production of green diesel and gasoline.
6
Includes domestic sources of other blending components, other hydrocarbons, and ethers.
7
Total crude supply plus natural gas plant liquids, other inputs, refinery processing gain, and net product imports.
8
E85 refers to a blend of 85 percent ethanol (renewable) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues, the percentage of ethanol
9
Includes ethanol and ethers blended into gasoline.
10
11
Includes distillate fuel oil and kerosene from petroleum and biomass feedstocks.
12
Includes aviation gasoline, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants, waxes, asphalt, road oil, still gas, special naphthas, petroleum coke, crude oil product supplied,
methanol, and miscellaneous petroleum products.
13
Includes consumption for combined heat and power, which produces electricity and other useful thermal energy.
14
Includes consumption of energy by electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or elec tricity and heat, to the
15
Balancing item. Includes unaccounted for supply, losses, and gains.
16
End-of-year operable capacity.
17
Rate is calculated by dividing the gross annual input to atmospheric crude oil distillation units by their operable refining capacity in barrels per calendar day.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to independent rounding. Da ta for 2008 and 200 9 are mod el results and ma y differ slightly from official EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 petroleum product supplied based on: Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009)
(W ashington, DC, August 2010). Other 2008 data : EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0340(2008)/1 (Washington, DC, June 2009). Other 2009 data: EIA,
Petroleum Supply Annual 2009, DOE/E IA-0340(20 09)/1 (W ashington, DC, July 2 010). Projections: EIA, AEO201 1 National E nergy Mod eling System run
REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
24
Table A12. Petroleum Product Prices

(2009 Dollars per Gallon, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Fuel
2008
Crude O il Prices (20 09 dollars per barre l)
Imp orted Low Su lfur Ligh t Crud e Oil 1 . . . . . . .
Imp orted Crude Oil 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
100.51
93.44
61.66
59.04
94.67
86.94
108.13
98.71
117.48
107.53
122.92
112.35
125.03
114.05
2.8%
2.6%
Residential
Distillate F uel O il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.525
3.432
2.087
2.514
2.524
2.931
2.728
3.373
2.873
3.601
2.953
3.734
2.969
3.823
1.4%
1.6%
Commercial
Resid ual Fu el Oil (20 09 do llars pe r barrel) .
3.010
2.366
99.36
2.205
2.013
84.54
2.657
1.985
83.37
3.079
2.274
95.52
3.314
2.553
107.22
3.440
2.648
111.21
3.516
2.717
114.13
1.8%
1.2%
1.2%
2.139
3.108
2.434
102.24
1.744
2.281
1.804
75.79
1.978
2.662
2.222
93.31
2.186
3.084
2.503
105.11
2.332
3.332
2.723
114.38
2.405
3.453
2.796
117.45
2.419
3.526
2.789
117.15
1.3%
1.7%
1.7%
1.7%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2.591
3.355
2.475
3.328
3.146
3.837
2.181
91.59
2.161
1.945
2.028
2.349
1.700
2.441
1.582
66.44
2.590
2.503
2.398
3.136
2.556
3.091
1.900
79.80
2.792
2.727
2.479
3.382
2.974
3.526
2.189
91.94
2.934
2.804
2.364
3.554
3.178
3.736
2.400
100.80
3.011
2.881
2.095
3.642
3.335
3.834
2.499
104.97
3.024
2.924
2.072
3.692
3.412
3.894
2.458
103.23
1.3%
1.6%
0.1%
1.8%
2.7%
1.8%
1.7%
1.7%
Electric Power 7
Resid ual Fu el Oil (20 09 do llars pe r barrel) .
2.713
2.208
92.73
1.988
1.342
56.36
2.332
1.977
83.04
2.749
2.215
93.03
2.954
2.432
102.15
3.100
2.525
106.04
3.178
2.494
104.73
1.8%
2.4%
2.4%
Refined Petroleum Product Prices8

Liquefied Petroleum Gases . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Distillate F uel O il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Resid ual Fu el Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Resid ual Fu el Oil (20 09 do llars pe r barrel)
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.774
3.305
3.146
3.648
2.228
93.58
3.098
1.477
2.344
1.700
2.408
1.576
66.20
2.155
1.837
3.136
2.556
3.001
1.963
82.45
2.823
2.021
3.382
2.974
3.440
2.238
93.98
3.117
2.156
3.553
3.178
3.660
2.454
103.08
3.299
2.235
3.642
3.335
3.768
2.547
106.99
3.408
2.259
3.692
3.412
3.833
2.517
105.71
3.472
1.6%
1.8%
2.7%
1.8%
1.8%
1.8%
1.9%
Delivered Sector Product Prices
Industrial2
Distillate F uel O il . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation
Ethanol (E85)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol Wholesale Price . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diese l Fuel (dis tillate fue l oil)6 . . . . . . . . .
..
..
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
25
Table A12. Petroleum Product Prices (Continued)

(Nominal Dollars per Gallon, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Fuel
2008
Crude O il Prices (no minal do llars per ba rrel)
Imp orted Low Su lfur Ligh t Crud e Oil 1 . . . . . . .
Imp orted Crude Oil 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
99.57
92.57
61.66
59.04
103.38
94.94
130.77
119.37
155.58
142.41
178.49
163.14
199.90
182.35
4.6%
4.4%
Residential
2.501
3.400
2.087
2.514
2.757
3.201
3.300
4.079
3.805
4.769
4.287
5.422
4.746
6.112
3.2%
3.5%
Commercial
Resid ual Fu el Oil (no mina l dollars per ba rrel)
2.982
2.344
98.43
2.205
2.013
84.54
2.901
2.168
91.04
3.723
2.751
115.52
4.388
3.381
142.00
4.995
3.845
161.48
5.621
4.345
182.48
3.7%
3.0%
3.0%
Industrial2
2.119
3.079
2.412
101.29
1.744
2.281
1.804
75.79
2.160
2.907
2.426
101.89
2.644
3.730
3.027
127.12
3.089
4.413
3.607
151.48
3.492
5.014
4.061
170.55
3.868
5.638
4.460
187.31
3.1%
3.5%
3.5%
3.5%
Transportation
Ethanol (E85)3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol Wholesale Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor Gasoline 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diese l Fuel (dis tillate fue l oil)6 . . . . . . . . . . .
2.567
3.323
2.451
3.297
3.116
3.801
2.161
90.74
2.161
1.945
2.028
2.349
1.700
2.441
1.582
66.44
2.828
2.733
2.619
3.425
2.791
3.376
2.075
87.14
3.376
3.298
2.998
4.090
3.596
4.264
2.647
111.19
3.886
3.713
3.131
4.706
4.209
4.948
3.179
133.50
4.372
4.184
3.042
5.289
4.843
5.568
3.629
152.43
4.835
4.675
3.312
5.903
5.456
6.225
3.930
165.05
3.1%
3.4%
1.9%
3.6%
4.6%
3.7%
3.6%
3.6%
Electric Power 7
2.688
2.187
91.87
1.988
1.342
56.36
2.546
2.159
90.68
3.325
2.679
112.51
3.912
3.221
135.29
4.501
3.666
153.99
5.080
3.987
167.45
3.7%
4.3%
4.3%
Refined Petroleum Product Prices8

Motor Gasoline 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jet Fuel5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.758
3.274
3.116
3.614
2.207
92.71
3.069
1.477
2.344
1.700
2.408
1.576
66.20
2.155
2.006
3.424
2.791
3.278
2.144
90.04
3.083
2.445
4.090
3.596
4.160
2.706
113.66
3.769
2.855
4.706
4.209
4.847
3.250
136.51
4.369
3.246
5.289
4.843
5.472
3.699
155.36
4.948
3.612
5.903
5.456
6.128
4.024
169.01
5.551
3.5%
3.6%
4.6%
3.7%
3.7%
3.7%
3.7%
Delivered Sector Product Prices

E85 refers to a blend of 85 perc ent ethanol (renewab le) and 15 percent motor gasoline (nonrenewable). To address cold starting issues, the percentage of ethanol
4
Sales weighted-average price for all grades. Includes Federal, State and local taxes.
5
6
Diesel fuel for on-road use. Includes Federal and State taxes while excluding county and local taxes.
7
Includes electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. Includes small power
producers and exempt wholesale generators.
8
W eighted avera ges of end-use fuel pric es are derive d from the prices in ea ch sector and the corresp onding sectoral consumption.
Note: Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 imported low sulfur light crude oil price: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-856, Monthly Foreign Crude Oil Acquisition
Report. 2008 and 2009 im ported crude oil price: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 and 2009 prices
for motor gasoline, distillate fuel oil, and jet fuel are base d on: EIA, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, DOE/EIA -0487(200 9) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010). 2008
and 2009 reside ntial, comm ercial, industrial, and transp ortation sector petrol eum product pric es are derive d from: EIA, Form EIA-782A , Refiners/Gas P lant Operators
Monthly Petroleum Product Sale s Report. 2008 and 200 9 electric pow er prices bas ed on: EIA, Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2010/09) (Washington, DC,
September 2010). 2008 and 2009 E85 prices derived from monthly prices in the Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report. 2008 and 2009 wholesale ethanol prices
derived from Bloom berg U.S. ave rage rack price . Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
26
Table A13. Natural Gas Supply, Disposition, and Prices

(Trillion Cubic Feet per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Production
Dry Gas Production1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supplemental Natural Gas 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20.29
0.06
20.96
0.06
22.10
0.06
23.02
0.06
23.64
0.06
24.71
0.06
26.10
0.06
0.8%
-0.0%
Net Imp orts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pipeline3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquefied Natural Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.98
2.68
0.30
2.64
2.23
0.41
2.78
2.42
0.36
2.13
1.62
0.51
1.30
0.97
0.34
0.97
0.83
0.14
0.32
0.18
0.14
-7.8%
-9.3%
-4.1%
Total Supp ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23.33
23.66
24.94
25.21
25.00
25.74
26.48
0.4%
Consumption by Sector
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural-Gas-to-Liquids Heat and Power5 . . . .
Natural Gas to Liquids Production 6 . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lease and Plant Fuel9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.87
3.13
6.65
0.00
0.00
6.67
0.03
0.65
1.22
23.22
4.75
3.11
6.15
0.00
0.00
6.89
0.03
0.64
1.16
22.72
4.80
3.35
8.06
0.00
0.00
6.79
0.04
0.64
1.19
24.87
4.84
3.48
8.23
0.00
0.00
6.72
0.07
0.64
1.19
25.15
4.83
3.55
8.12
0.00
0.00
6.56
0.10
0.62
1.18
24.96
4.82
3.66
8.12
0.00
0.00
7.14
0.13
0.63
1.19
25.70
4.77
3.80
8.06
0.00
0.00
7.78
0.16
0.65
1.24
26.45
0.0%
0.8%
1.0%
--0.5%
7.5%
0.1%
0.3%
0.6%
Discrepancy10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.11
0.94
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.02
--
Natural Gas Prices

Henry Hub Spot Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Lower 48 Wellhead Price11 . . . . . .
8.94
7.96
3.95
3.62
4.81
4.26
5.18
4.59
6.01
5.32
6.50
5.76
7.19
6.37
2.3%
2.2%
(2009 dollar s per thous and cubic feet)

8.17
3.71
4.37
4.70
5.46
5.91
6.53
2.2%
13.99
12.32
9.32
9.35
17.67
10.84
12.20
9.94
5.39
4.94
13.05
7.47
10.59
8.82
5.14
4.90
12.45
6.75
11.25
9.29
5.58
5.24
12.68
7.23
12.23
10.11
6.38
5.96
13.25
8.08
12.97
10.69
6.84
6.45
13.59
8.58
13.88
11.40
7.51
7.11
14.07
9.26
0.5%
0.5%
1.3%
1.4%
0.3%
0.8%
Delivered Prices
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
27
Table A13. Natural Gas Supply, Disposition, and Prices (Continued)

(Trillion Cubic Feet per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Natural Gas Prices

(nominal dollars per million Btu)
Henry Hub Spot Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.86
7.88
3.95
3.62
5.25
4.65
6.26
5.55
7.96
7.05
9.44
8.36
11.50
10.18
4.2%
4.1%
(nominal d ollars per tho usand cu bic feet)

8.10
3.71
4.77
5.69
7.23
8.58
10.44
4.1%
13.86
12.20
9.24
9.26
17.50
10.74
12.20
9.94
5.39
4.94
13.05
7.47
11.57
9.63
5.61
5.35
13.60
7.37
13.60
11.23
6.75
6.34
15.33
8.74
16.20
13.38
8.45
7.89
17.55
10.70
18.83
15.52
9.93
9.37
19.74
12.47
22.18
18.23
12.01
11.37
22.49
14.81
2.3%
2.4%
3.1%
3.3%
2.1%
2.7%
Delivered Prices
(nominal d ollars per tho usand cu bic
Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
feet)
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
Marketed production (wet) minus extraction losses.

Synthetic natural gas, propane a ir, coke oven gas , refinery gas, biom ass gas, air injec ted for Btu stabilization, and manufactured ga s comm ingled and distributed
with natural gas.
3
Includes any natural gas regasified in the Bahamas and transported via pipeline to Florida, as well as gas from Canada and Mexico.
4
5
Includes any natural gas used in the process of converting natural gas to liquid fuel that is not actually converted.
6
Includes any natural gas that is converted into liquid fuel.
7
Includes consumption of energy by electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary busi ness is to sell ele ctricity, or electricity and heat, to the
8
Compressed natural gas used as vehicle fuel.
9
10
Balancing item. Natural gas lost as a result of converting flow data measured at varying temperatures and pressures to a standard temp erature and pressure and
the merger of different data reporting systems which vary in scope, format, definition, and respondent type. In addition, 2008 and 2009 values include net storage
injections.
11
12
Compressed natural gas used as a vehicle fuel. Price includes estimated motor vehicle fuel taxes and estimated dispensing costs or charges.
13
W eighted average prices. Weights used are the sectoral consumption values excluding lease, plant, and pipeline fuel.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to ind ependent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from offici al EIA data
reports.
Sources: 2008 supply values; and lease, plant, and pipeline fuel cons umption: Energy Inform ation Adm inistration (EIA), Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010). 2009 supply va lues; and lease , plant, and pipeline fuel co nsumption; and we llhead price : EIA, Natu ral Ga s Mon thly,
DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (W ashington, DC, July 2 010). Other 2008 and 2009 consum ption based o n: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(2009)
(W ashington, DC, August 2010). 2008 wellhead price: Minerals Management Service and EIA , Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (W ashington, DC, March
2010). 2008 reside ntial and comm ercial deli vered price s: EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010). 2009 residential and
commercial delivered prices: EIA, Natu ral Ga s Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 and 2009 electric power prices: EIA, Ele ctric
Power Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0226, April 2009 and April 2010, Table 4.2. 2008 and 2009 industria l delivered prices are estim ated based on: EIA, Manufacturing Energy
Consumption Survey and industrial and wellhead prices from the Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA -0131(200 8) (W ashington, DC, Marc h 2010) and the Natural Gas
Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 transportation sector de livered pric es are based on: EIA, Natural Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA0131(2008) (W ashington, DC, M arch 2010) and es timated state taxes, federal taxes, and dis pensing costs or charges. 2009 transp ortation sector deli vered price s are
model results. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
28
Table A14. Oil and Gas Supply

Reference Case
Produc tion and Su pply
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Crude O il
Lower 48 Average Wellhead Price1
(2009 dollar s per barr el) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
96.13
89.66
94.88
107.65
115.12
119.67
120.20
1.1%
.
.
.
.
4.96
3.01
1.27
0.69
5.36
3.00
1.71
0.64
5.72
3.49
1.74
0.49
6.05
3.79
1.84
0.42
5.80
3.89
1.50
0.41
5.82
3.84
1.71
0.27
5.73
3.51
1.83
0.39
0.3%
0.6%
0.2%
-1.9%
Lower 48 End of Year Reserves2

(billion barrels) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17.05
17.88
20.06
22.08
22.35
22.69
22.28
0.9%
Lower 48 Average Wellhead Price1

Henry Hub Spot Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average Lower 48 Wellhead Price1 . . . . . . . . . .
8.94
7.96
3.95
3.62
4.81
4.26
5.18
4.59
6.01
5.32
6.50
5.76
7.19
6.37
2.3%
2.2%

Average Lower 48 Wellhead Price1 . . . . . . . . . .
8.17
3.71
4.37
4.70
5.46
5.91
6.53
2.2%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
20.29
17.22
1.42
15.81
6.75
2.23
1.87
4.95
2.69
0.62
2.07
0.37
20.96
17.88
1.40
16.48
6.59
3.28
1.80
4.80
2.70
0.64
2.05
0.37
22.10
19.77
1.51
18.26
5.80
7.07
1.65
3.74
2.05
0.62
1.43
0.28
23.02
19.98
1.47
18.50
5.72
7.94
1.68
3.16
2.78
0.81
1.97
0.26
23.64
21.04
1.38
19.66
5.75
9.39
1.73
2.80
2.35
0.65
1.71
0.24
24.71
21.72
1.25
20.48
5.73
10.58
1.72
2.45
2.76
0.70
2.05
0.22
26.10
22.95
1.14
21.81
5.86
12.00
1.72
2.23
2.93
0.75
2.18
0.21
0.8%
1.0%
-0.8%
1.1%
-0.5%
5.1%
-0.2%
-2.9%
0.3%
0.6%
0.2%
-2.1%
Lower 48 End of Year Dry Reserves 3

(trillion cubic feet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
236.96
261.37
277.73
288.59
287.15
280.55
265.91
0.1%
Supplem ental Gas Supplies (trillion cubic feet) 5
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
-0.0%
Total Lower 48 Wells Drilled (thousands) . . . . . .
56.20
35.06
37.66
40.73
46.26
48.83
53.61
1.6%
Production (million bar rels per da y)2

United States Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lower 48 Ons hore . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lower 48 Offsh ore . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Natural Gas
Dry Produ ction (trillion cubic fe et) 3

United States Total . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lower 48 Ons hore . . . . . . . . . . . .
Associated-Dissolved 4 . . . . . . .
Non-Associated . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tight gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shale Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coalbed Methane . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lower 48 Offsh ore . . . . . . . . . . . .
Associated-Dissolved 4 . . . . . . .
Non-Associated . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Includes lease condensate.
Marketed production (wet) minus extraction losses.
4
Gas whic h occurs in crude oil rese rvoirs either as free ga s (associate d) or as gas in solutio n with crude oil (disso lved).
5
Synthetic natural gas, propane air, coke oven gas, refinery gas, biomass gas, air injected for Btu stabil ization, and manufactured gas commingled and distributed
with natural gas.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to ind ependent rounding. Data for 2008 a nd 2009 are m odel results and m ay differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 crude oil lower 48 average wellhead price: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Petroleum Marketing Annual 2009, DOE/EIA0487(2009) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010). 2008 and 2009 low er 48 onshore, low er 48 offshore, and Ala ska crude oil pro duction: EIA, Petroleum Supply Annual 2009,
DOE/E IA-0340(20 09)/1 (Washington, DC, July 2010). 2008 U.S. crude oil and natural gas rese rves: EIA, U.S. Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Natural Gas Liquids
Reserves, DOE/EIA -0216(200 9) (W ashington, DC, O ctober 2010 ). 2008 Alaska and total natural gas production, and supple mental gas supplies: EIA, Natural Gas
Annual 2008, DOE/EIA-0131(2008) (Washington, DC, March 2010). 2008 natural gas lower 48 average wellhead price: Minerals M anagem ent Service and E IA, Natural
Gas Annual 2008, DOE/EIA -0131(200 8) (W ashington, DC, M arch 2010). 2009 natural gas lower 48 average wellhead price, Alaska and total natural gas prod uction,
and suppleme ntal gas supplie s: EIA, Natu ral Ga s Mon thly, DOE/EIA-0130(2010/07) (Washington, DC, July 2010). Other 2008 and 2009 values: EIA, Office of
Integrated Analys is and Foreca sting. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
3
29
Table A15. Coal Supply, Disposition, and Prices

(Million Short Tons per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Production 1
Appa lachia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
391
147
634
343
147
585
278
157
609
285
161
656
287
169
733
288
167
791
290
174
841
-0.6%
0.7%
1.4%
East of the Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West of the Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
493
678
1172
450
625
1075
392
652
1044
402
699
1102
413
776
1189
412
834
1246
420
885
1305
-0.3%
1.3%
0.7%
Waste Coal Supplied 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
12
14
14
14
14
15
0.7%
Net Imp orts

Imports 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32
82
-49
21
59
-38
30
70
-40
37
76
-39
46
75
-29
55
76
-20
55
73
-18
3.8%
0.8%
-2.8%
Total Supp ly4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1136
1049
1019
1076
1174
1240
1302
0.8%
Consumption by Sector
Residential and Commercial . . .
Coke P lants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial5 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal-to-Liquids Heat and Power
Coal to Liquids Production . . . .
Electric Power6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4
22
54
0
0
1041
1121
3
15
45
0
0
937
1000
3
22
49
6
5
932
1017
3
22
49
8
8
986
1076
3
21
48
17
16
1068
1174
3
19
48
33
31
1105
1240
3
18
47
54
51
1129
1302
-0.2%
0.6%
0.1%
--0.7%
1.0%
Discrepancy and Stock Change 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
49
-0
--
Average Minemouth Price 8

(2009 dollars per short ton) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(2009 dollars per million Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31.54
1.56
33.26
1.67
32.64
1.63
33.06
1.66
33.46
1.69
33.58
1.70
34.11
1.73
0.1%
0.2%
119.20
64.03
--
143.01
64.87
--
158.55
62.17
31.09
166.07
62.55
35.12
169.43
63.81
32.84
170.58
64.68
36.65
172.58
66.62
39.03
0.7%
0.1%
--
41.07
2.07
43.77
98.60
43.48
2.20
46.03
101.44
41.47
2.14
44.92
123.82
41.79
2.16
45.19
132.76
43.29
2.24
46.10
136.26
44.67
2.31
47.00
133.17
46.25
2.39
48.15
132.16
0.2%
0.3%
0.2%
1.0%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Delivered Prices (2009 dollars per short ton)9

Coke P lants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power
(2009 dollars per short ton) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(2009 dollars per million Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
...
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A15. Coal Supply, Disposition, and Prices (Continued)

(Million Short Tons per Year, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
2008
Average Minemouth Price 8
(nominal dollars per short ton) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(nominal dollars per million Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Delivered Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)9
Coke P lants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Industrial5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal to Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Power
(nominal dollars per short ton) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(nominal dollars per million Btu) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
31.25
1.55
33.26
1.67
35.65
1.78
39.98
2.01
44.31
2.24
48.76
2.47
54.54
2.77
1.9%
2.0%
118.09
63.44
--
143.01
64.87
--
173.14
67.90
33.95
200.84
75.65
42.47
224.38
84.50
43.50
247.71
93.92
53.23
275.93
106.52
62.40
2.6%
1.9%
--
40.69
2.05
43.37
97.68
43.48
2.20
46.03
101.44
45.28
2.33
49.05
135.22
50.54
2.61
54.65
160.56
57.33
2.97
61.05
180.46
64.86
3.36
68.25
193.37
73.95
3.83
76.98
211.29
2.1%
2.2%
2.0%
2.9%
Includes anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite.

Includes waste coal consumed by the electric pow er and industrial secto rs. W aste coal supp lied is counted a s a supply-sid e item to bala nce the same amount of
waste coal included in the consumption data.
3
Excludes imports to Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
4
Production plus waste coal supplied plus net imports.
5
Includes consumption for combined heat and power plants, except those plants w hose prima ry business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
Excludes all coal use in the coal-to-liquids process.
6
Includes all electricity-only and combined heat and power plants whose primary business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public.
7
Balancing ite m: the sum of productio n, net imports, and was te coal suppli ed minus total co nsumption.
8
Includes reported prices for both open market and captive mines.
9
Prices weighted by consumption; weighted average excludes residential and commercial prices, and export free-alongside-ship (f.a.s.) prices.
10
F.a.s. price at U.S . port of exit.
Note: Totals m ay not equal sum of compone nts due to independent rounding . Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from offic ial EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 200 9 data base d on: Energy Informatio n Administratio n (EIA), Annual Coal Report 2009, DOE/EIA -0584(200 9) (W ashington, DC, October 2010);
EIA, Quarterly Coal Report, October-December 2009, DOE/EIA -0121(200 9/4Q) (W ashington, DC, Ap ril 2010); and EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System
run REF201 1.D1208 10C. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
31
Table A16. Renewable Energy Generating Capacity and Generation

(Gigawatts, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Capacity and Generation

Conventional Hydropower .
Geothermal2 . . . . . . . . . . .
Municipa l W aste 3 . . . . . . .
Wood and Other Biomass 4
Solar Thermal . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic 5 . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offshore Wind . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
32
2020
2025
2030
2035
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
76.87
2.42
3.37
2.19
0.53
0.05
24.89
0.00
110.31
76.87
2.42
3.37
2.19
0.61
0.07
31.45
0.00
116.98
77.39
2.56
3.37
2.19
1.26
0.15
51.62
0.20
138.73
77.60
3.05
3.37
2.19
1.28
0.23
51.74
0.20
139.66
78.17
3.76
3.37
2.19
1.30
0.32
53.96
0.20
143.27
79.15
4.75
3.37
2.19
1.32
0.43
55.08
0.20
146.48
79.66
5.84
3.37
2.19
1.35
0.56
56.19
0.20
149.35
0.1%
3.4%
-0.0%
0.0%
3.1%
8.2%
2.3%
-0.9%
Generation (billion kilowatthours)

Conventional Hydropower . . . . . .
Geothermal2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biogenic M unicipal W aste 6 . . . . .
Wood and Other Biomass . . . . . .
Dedicated P lants . . . . . . . . . . .
Cofiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar Thermal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic 5 . . . . . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offshore Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
253.09
14.95
15.68
10.46
8.58
1.88
0.83
0.04
55.42
0.00
350.47
270.20
15.21
16.39
10.39
8.73
1.66
0.76
0.04
70.82
0.00
383.82
292.39
18.07
14.80
19.18
7.30
11.88
2.49
0.36
150.97
0.75
499.01
301.15
22.04
14.80
35.38
9.35
26.02
2.52
0.56
151.40
0.75
528.59
303.54
27.73
14.80
36.75
9.25
27.50
2.56
0.78
158.44
0.75
545.36
308.25
35.64
14.80
31.51
8.01
23.50
2.60
1.06
162.38
0.75
557.00
310.69
44.47
14.80
31.88
8.85
23.04
2.66
1.42
165.59
0.75
572.26
0.5%
4.2%
-0.4%
4.4%
0.1%
10.6%
4.9%
14.3%
3.3%
-1.5%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.71
0.00
0.29
4.86
0.77
0.08
6.70
0.71
0.00
0.30
4.86
1.50
0.18
7.55
0.71
0.00
0.30
7.29
7.74
1.48
17.51
0.71
0.00
0.30
9.53
9.15
1.71
21.39
0.71
0.00
0.30
15.23
9.51
1.73
27.48
0.71
0.00
0.30
17.71
10.01
1.79
30.52
0.71
0.00
0.30
18.24
10.64
1.86
31.75
0.0%
-0.0%
5.2%
7.8%
9.3%
5.7%

Conventional Hydropower8 . . . .
Geothermal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Municipal W aste 9 . . . . . . . . . . .
Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic 5 . . . . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.33
0.00
1.94
27.88
1.22
0.10
34.47
3.34
0.00
1.96
27.88
2.34
0.24
35.76
3.49
0.00
2.56
42.74
12.01
2.00
62.79
3.49
0.00
2.56
60.23
14.27
2.34
82.89
3.49
0.00
2.56
105.55
14.86
2.37
128.83
3.49
0.00
2.56
123.89
15.69
2.46
148.09
3.49
0.00
2.56
127.84
16.74
2.56
153.19
0.2%
-1.0%
6.0%
7.9%
9.5%
5.8%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2015
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2009
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
End-Use Generators 7
Conventional Hydropower8
Geothermal . . . . . . . . . . .
Municipal W aste 9 . . . . . . .
Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic 5 . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2008
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A16. Renewable Energy Generating Capacity and Generation (Continued)

(Gigawatts, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Capacity and Generation
Total, All Sectors

Conventional Hydropower .
Geothermal . . . . . . . . . . . .
Municipa l W aste . . . . . . . .
Wood and Other Biomass 4
Solar5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
77.58
2.42
3.66
7.04
1.35
24.96
117.02
77.57
2.42
3.67
7.04
2.18
31.64
124.53
78.10
2.56
3.67
9.47
9.15
53.29
156.24
78.31
3.05
3.67
11.72
10.66
53.65
161.05
78.88
3.76
3.67
17.41
11.13
55.89
170.75
79.85
4.75
3.67
19.89
11.76
57.07
176.99
80.37
5.84
3.67
20.42
12.55
58.25
181.10
0.1%
3.4%
-0.0%
4.2%
7.0%
2.4%
1.5%

Conventional Hydropower . . . . . .
Geothermal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Municipa l W aste . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood and Other Biomass . . . . . .
Solar5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
256.42
14.95
17.62
38.34
2.08
55.52
384.94
273.54
15.21
18.36
38.27
3.15
71.06
419.59
295.87
18.07
17.36
61.92
14.85
153.72
561.80
304.63
22.04
17.36
95.61
17.35
154.49
611.48
307.03
27.73
17.36
142.30
18.20
161.57
674.19
311.74
35.64
17.36
155.39
19.35
165.59
705.08
314.17
44.47
17.36
159.72
20.81
168.91
725.45
0.5%
4.2%
-0.2%
5.6%
7.5%
3.4%
2.1%
2
Includes both hydrothermal resources (hot water and steam) and near-field enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). Near-field EGS potential occurs on known
hydrothermal sites, however this potential requires the addition of external fluids for electricity generation and is only available after 2025.
3
Includes municipal w aste, landfill gas , and municipal sewage sludge. Incremental growth is assumed to be for landfill gas fac ilities. All municipal waste is included,
although a portion of the municipal waste stream contains petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources.
4
Facilities co-firing biomass and coal are classified as coal.
5
Does not include off-grid photovoltaics (PV). Based on annual PV shipments from 1989 through 2008, EIA estimates that as much as 237 megaw atts of remote
electricity generation PV applications (i.e., off-grid power systems) were in service in 2008, plus an additional 550 megawatts in communications, transportation, and
assorted other non-grid-connected, sp ecialized a pplications . See Energy Inform ation Adm inistration, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington,
DC, August 2010), Table 10.9 (annual PV ship ments, 1989 -2008). The app roach used to deve lop the estima te, based on shipm ent data, provides an upper estima te
of the size of the PV stock, including both grid-based and off-grid PV. It will overestimate the size of the stock, because shipments include a substantial numbe r of units
that are exported, and each year some of the PV units installed earlier will be retired from service or abandoned.
6
Includes biogenic municipal waste, landfill gas, and municipal sewage sludge. Incremental growth is assumed to be for landfill gas facilities. Only biogenic municipal
waste is included. The Energy Information Administration estimates that in 2007 approximately 6 billion kilowatthours of electricity were generated from a municipal
waste stream containing petroleum-d erived pla stics and other non-renew able sources . See Energy Inform ation Adm inistration, Methodology for Allocating Municipal
Solid Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy (W ashington, DC, M ay 2007).
7
8
Represe nts own-use industrial hydro electric pow er.
9
Includes municip al waste, land fill gas, and municipal se wage slud ge. All munici pal waste is included, although a po rtion of the municipal w aste stream contains
petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are m odel results and m ay differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 capacity: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-860, "Annual Electric Generator Report" (preliminary). 2008 and 2009
generation: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System
run REF2011.D120810C.
33
Table A17. Renewable Energy, Consumption by Sector and Source1

(Quadrillion Btu per Year)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Marketed Renewable Energy2

Residential (wood) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.44
0.43
0.40
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.42
-0.1%
Commercial (biomass) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.0%
Industrial3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conv ention al Hydr oelec tric . .
Municipa l W aste 4 . . . . . . . . .
Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biofuels Hea t and Cop roducts
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2.49
0.03
0.16
1.33
0.98
2.07
0.03
0.17
1.22
0.65
2.72
0.03
0.18
1.68
0.83
3.16
0.03
0.18
1.77
1.17
3.93
0.03
0.18
1.84
1.88
4.40
0.03
0.18
1.84
2.34
4.70
0.03
0.18
1.83
2.66
3.2%
0.0%
0.1%
1.6%
5.6%
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol used in E855 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ethanol used in Gasoline Blending .
Biodiesel used in Distillate Blending
Liquids from Biomass . . . . . . . . . . .
Green Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.87
0.00
0.83
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.99
0.00
0.95
0.04
0.00
0.00
1.51
0.01
1.30
0.18
0.02
0.01
1.97
0.21
1.46
0.20
0.09
0.01
2.68
0.58
1.45
0.24
0.39
0.02
3.43
0.79
1.48
0.25
0.89
0.02
3.94
0.79
1.56
0.25
1.33
0.02
5.5%
26.2%
1.9%
7.1%
---
Electric Power 6 . . . . . . . . . .
Conv ention al Hydr oelec tric
Geothermal . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biogenic M unicipal W aste 7
Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dedicated P lants . . . . . .
Cofiring . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar Thermal . . . . . . . . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic . . . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.67
2.49
0.31
0.09
0.21
0.13
0.08
0.01
0.00
0.55
3.89
2.66
0.32
0.09
0.11
0.12
-0.01
0.01
0.00
0.70
5.11
2.88
0.39
0.09
0.22
0.10
0.12
0.02
0.00
1.50
5.49
2.97
0.51
0.09
0.40
0.13
0.26
0.02
0.01
1.50
5.78
2.99
0.68
0.09
0.41
0.14
0.28
0.03
0.01
1.57
6.04
3.04
0.92
0.09
0.35
0.11
0.24
0.03
0.01
1.61
6.38
3.06
1.18
0.09
0.36
0.13
0.24
0.03
0.01
1.64
1.9%
0.5%
5.2%
0.0%
4.7%
0.1%
-4.9%
14.3%
3.3%
Total Marketed Renewable Energy . . . . . . . . . .
7.58
7.49
9.86
11.15
12.93
14.40
15.55
2.9%
Sources of Ethanol
From Corn and Other Starch
From Cellulose . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Imp orts . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.78
0.00
0.04
0.83
0.93
0.00
0.02
0.95
1.21
0.01
0.07
1.30
1.37
0.15
0.15
1.66
1.34
0.48
0.21
2.03
1.50
0.47
0.30
2.27
1.54
0.47
0.33
2.35
2.0%
48.6%
12.2%
3.6%
34
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Table A17. Renewable Energy, Consumption by Sector and Source1 (Continued)

(Quadrillion Btu per Year)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Nonmarketed Renewable Energy8

Selected Consumption
Residential . . . . . . . . . . .
Solar Hot Water Heating
Geothermal Heat Pumps
Solar P hotov oltaic . . . . .
Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.09
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.09
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.10
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.11
0.01
0.05
0.05
0.01
8.3%
2.0%
8.7%
9.7%
11.2%
Comm ercial . . . . .
Solar Thermal . . .
Solar P hotov oltaic
Wind . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0.03
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.01
0.00
1.3%
0.7%
3.9%
4.9%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
Actual heat rates used to determine fuel consumption for all renewable fuels except hydropo wer, solar, and w ind. Consumptio n at hydroelectric, sola r, and wind
facilities de termined by using the fossil fuel equiva lent of 9,854 Btu per kilo watthour.
2
Includes nonelectric renewable energy groups for which the energy source is bought and sold in the marketplace, although all transactions may not necessarily be
marketed, and marketed renewable energy inputs for electricity entering the marketplace on the electric power grid. Excludes electricity imports; see Table A2.
3
Includes all electricity production by industrial and other combined heat and power for the grid and for own use.
4
Includes municipal waste, landfill gas, and municipal sewage sludge. All municipal waste is included, although a portion of the municipal w aste stream contains
petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources.
5
Excludes motor gasoline component of E85.
6
Includes consumption of energy by electricity-only a nd combine d heat and power pla nts whose prim ary business is to se ll electricity, or ele ctricity and heat, to the
7
Includes biogenic m unicipal wa ste, landfill gas, and m unicipal sew age sludge . Incremental growth is assumed to be for landfill gas facilities. Only biogenic municipal
waste is included. The Energy Information Administration estimates that in 2007 approxima tely 0.3 quadrill ion Btus were co nsumed from a municipal waste stream
containing petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. See Energy Inform ation Adm inistration, Me tho dolog y for Alloc atin g M unicipa l So lid Waste to
Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy (W ashington, DC, M ay 2007).
8
Includes selected renewable energy consumption data for which the energy is not bought or sold, either directly or indirectly as an input to m arketed energy . The
Energy Information Administration does not estimate or project total consumption of nonmarketed renewable energy.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to ind ependent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from offici al EIA data
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 ethanol: Energy Information Adminis tration (EIA), Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA -0384(200 9) (W ashington, DC, Aug ust 2010).
2008 and 2009 elec tric power sec tor: EIA, Form EIA -860, "Annual Elec tric Generator R eport (prelim inary). Other 2008 and 2009 values: EIA, Office of Integrated
Analysis and Forecasting. Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
35
Table A18. Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector and Source

(Million Metric Tons, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
Residential
Petroleum . .
Natural Gas
Coal . . . . . .
Electricity 1 .
Total . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
83
265
1
872
1220
80
259
1
820
1160
73
261
1
757
1092
68
263
1
778
1110
64
263
1
833
1161
61
262
1
878
1202
58
260
0
916
1234
-1.2%
0.0%
-1.1%
0.4%
0.2%
Commercial
Petroleum . .
Natural Gas
Coal . . . . . .
Electricity 1 .
Total . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
46
170
7
844
1066
43
169
6
796
1014
39
183
6
795
1022
38
189
6
851
1085
38
193
6
933
1170
37
200
6
1005
1248
37
207
6
1070
1320
-0.5%
0.8%
-0.0%
1.1%
1.0%
Industrial2
Petroleum . .
Natural Gas 3
Coal . . . . . .
Electricity 1 .
Total . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
379
409
173
637
1598
351
384
130
531
1396
412
489
162
582
1645
405
498
166
583
1652
403
492
178
586
1659
402
495
201
567
1665
409
495
231
543
1679
0.6%
1.0%
2.2%
0.1%
0.7%
Transportation
Petroleum 4 . .
Natural Gas 5 .
Electricity 1 . .
Total . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1895
37
4
1936
1815
36
4
1855
1879
37
4
1920
1883
38
5
1927
1895
39
7
1942
1944
42
9
1995
2027
44
11
2082
0.4%
0.8%
3.8%
0.4%
Electric Power 6
Petroleum . . . .
Natural Gas . .
Coal . . . . . . . .
Other7 . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
40
362
1943
12
2357
34
373
1733
12
2152
33
369
1724
12
2139
35
365
1806
12
2218
36
357
1955
12
2359
36
388
2022
12
2459
37
423
2068
12
2540
0.4%
0.5%
0.7%
0.0%
0.6%
Total by Fuel
Petroleum 3 .
Natural Gas
Coal . . . . . .
Other7 . . . . .
Total . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2442
1243
2123
12
5820
2322
1221
1870
12
5425
2436
1339
1892
12
5679
2429
1355
1978
12
5774
2435
1345
2139
12
5931
2481
1387
2230
12
6110
2569
1429
2305
12
6315
0.4%
0.6%
0.8%
0.0%
0.6%
Carbon Dioxide Emissions

(tons per person) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19.1
17.6
17.4
16.9
16.6
16.3
16.2
-0.3%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Emissions from the electric power sector are distributed to the end-use sectors.
Fuel consumption incl udes energy for com bined heat and power plants, except those plants whose primary business is to sell electricity , or electricity and heat, to
the public.
3
Includes lease and plant fuel.
4
This includes carbon dioxide from international bunker fuels, both civilian and military, which are excluded from the accounting of carbon dioxide emissions under
the United Nations convention. From 1990 through 2008, international bunker fuels accounted for 86 to 130 million metric tons annually.
5
Includes pipeline fuel natural gas and compressed natural gas used as vehicle fuel.
6
7
Includes emissions from geothermal power and nonbiogenic emissions from municipal waste.
Note: Totals ma y not equal sum of co mponents due to ind ependent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are model results and may differ slightly from official EIA da ta
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 emissions and emission factors: Energy Information Adminis tration (EIA), Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2009,
DOE/E IA-0573(20 09) (W ashington, DC, D ecemb er 2010). Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
36
Table A19. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions by End Use

(Million Metric Tons)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Residential
Space Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes Drye rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freezers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothes W ashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dishwashers 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Color Televisions and Set-Top Boxes . . . . . . . .
Personal Computers and Related Equipment . .
Furnace Fans and Boiler Circulation Pumps . . .
Other Uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discrepancy 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
292.32
161.32
163.85
69.28
32.81
37.54
14.73
133.28
6.26
17.05
61.59
31.94
25.39
172.85
-0.41
1219.79
279.39
147.13
160.01
64.82
31.96
35.56
13.84
125.19
5.83
16.03
59.20
31.21
24.57
164.49
0.64
1159.88
272.20
135.52
160.25
58.20
32.55
33.18
12.94
93.54
4.92
14.92
54.36
27.86
25.41
166.40
0.00
1092.25
270.28
139.87
161.93
56.84
34.05
32.30
13.11
87.86
4.41
15.23
55.25
28.33
27.29
183.31
0.00
1110.08
268.24
150.45
163.49
58.43
35.93
33.25
13.72
87.30
4.49
16.52
59.98
29.76
30.24
208.74
-0.00
1160.53
266.48
158.66
160.30
60.81
37.55
34.80
14.16
88.24
4.73
17.71
64.65
31.07
31.67
231.04
0.00
1201.87
263.11
165.31
155.15
63.33
38.87
36.19
14.53
89.86
4.92
18.78
69.11
31.94
32.44
250.86
0.00
1234.41
-0.2%
0.4%
-0.1%
-0.1%
0.8%
0.1%
0.2%
-1.3%
-0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.1%
1.1%
1.6%
-28.1%
0.2%
Commercial
Space Heating 3 . . . . . . . . .
Space Cooling 3 . . . . . . . . . .
Water Heating3 . . . . . . . . . .
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Refrigeration . . . . . . . . . . .
Office Equipment (PC) . . . .
Office Equipment (non-PC)
Other Uses4 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Commercial . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Industrial
Manufacturing
Refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food Prod ucts . . . . . . . . . .
Paper Prod ucts . . . . . . . . .
Bulk C hem icals . . . . . . . . .
Glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cement Manufacturing . . .
Iron and Steel . . . . . . . . . .
Aluminum . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated M etal Produc ts
Mach inery . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computers and Electronics
Transportation Equipment .
Electrical Equipment . . . . .
W ood Prod ucts . . . . . . . . .
Plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance of Manufacturing .
Total Manufacturing . . . .
Nonmanufacturing
Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Nonmanufacturing .
Discrepancy 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Industrial . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
127.08
92.32
42.00
91.80
13.13
192.89
74.94
41.04
43.96
347.01
1066.16
128.13
85.36
41.52
88.83
13.27
182.11
70.27
37.97
43.95
322.37
1013.77
127.97
88.59
43.83
91.25
14.32
170.79
59.92
31.00
52.03
342.38
1022.09
129.71
90.84
46.06
97.95
15.03
178.35
58.34
31.26
60.07
377.11
1084.71
130.04
95.96
48.04
106.83
15.69
190.69
60.29
32.59
67.44
422.25
1169.82
130.64
99.92
49.69
113.48
16.30
200.14
62.41
34.39
73.66
467.18
1247.81
130.39
103.94
50.76
118.80
16.85
207.42
64.69
35.11
77.98
514.22
1320.16
0.1%
0.8%
0.8%
1.1%
0.9%
0.5%
-0.3%
-0.3%
2.2%
1.8%
1.0%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
259.78
106.71
99.71
281.88
24.24
36.53
118.43
31.04
42.81
26.06
37.12
51.76
8.37
19.06
42.54
159.27
1345.31
257.97
102.27
89.52
262.67
19.99
28.53
75.84
30.74
38.23
22.29
32.40
45.26
7.43
17.59
37.62
142.89
1211.24
288.73
105.49
95.49
297.26
22.85
33.03
107.79
29.29
45.56
27.97
39.87
63.35
9.31
23.13
41.50
152.93
1383.55
292.13
109.74
93.06
296.29
24.02
33.46
109.96
28.16
45.61
29.28
42.42
59.17
9.11
22.64
41.93
157.15
1394.13
305.45
116.00
90.68
289.31
25.85
33.76
107.09
26.68
46.93
31.87
45.63
58.84
9.90
21.97
42.27
155.53
1407.72
344.10
120.10
87.04
269.22
26.13
32.74
99.24
24.96
46.09
32.01
47.81
61.52
10.21
20.92
41.18
153.20
1416.45
391.77
123.06
82.93
250.02
26.00
30.01
90.90
23.20
45.18
32.10
49.04
63.92
10.53
19.70
40.55
149.34
1428.24
1.6%
0.7%
-0.3%
-0.2%
1.0%
0.2%
0.7%
-1.1%
0.6%
1.4%
1.6%
1.3%
1.4%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.6%
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
76.61
93.88
56.07
226.56
25.97
1597.84
74.46
78.45
49.29
202.20
-17.26
1396.17
74.50
97.36
50.92
222.79
38.69
1645.03
74.23
97.86
50.34
222.43
35.93
1652.50
74.79
96.89
50.12
221.80
29.67
1659.19
74.85
94.73
50.30
219.88
28.50
1664.83
74.43
94.62
50.44
219.49
31.31
1679.05
-0.0%
0.7%
0.1%
0.3%
-0.7%
37
Table A19. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions by End Use (Continued)

(Million Metric Tons)
Reference Case
Sector and Source
Transportation
Light-Duty Vehicles . . . .
Commercial Light Trucks5
Bus Transportation . . . . .
Freight Trucks . . . . . . . .
Rail, Passenger . . . . . . .
Rail, Freight . . . . . . . . . .
Shipp ing, Do me stic . . . .
Shipping, International . .
Recreation al Boats . . . . .
Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Military Use . . . . . . . . . .
Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline Fuel . . . . . . . . .
Discrepancy 2 . . . . . . . . .
Total Transportation .
..
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1099.03
44.02
18.85
339.25
6.16
41.80
17.11
70.20
17.52
191.53
50.75
5.20
35.31
-0.63
1936.09
1071.81
40.26
18.91
306.66
5.95
37.09
15.14
60.78
17.85
188.34
53.27
4.75
34.65
-0.38
1855.08
1072.79
45.05
18.86
361.32
6.15
40.76
15.77
61.37
18.31
191.87
48.74
4.58
34.62
-0.37
1919.83
1042.88
44.78
18.98
383.28
6.49
43.28
16.34
61.77
18.68
201.43
49.61
4.63
34.58
0.17
1926.91
1025.23
45.06
19.03
401.87
6.93
45.65
16.56
62.14
19.22
209.39
50.95
4.72
33.99
0.75
1941.51
1044.80
46.60
19.14
423.17
7.29
47.20
16.97
62.52
19.80
214.61
52.34
4.81
34.49
1.35
1995.09
1096.57
48.88
19.36
446.19
7.58
48.77
17.33
62.90
20.49
217.93
53.69
4.88
35.37
1.91
2081.87
0.1%
0.7%
0.1%
1.5%
0.9%
1.1%
0.5%
0.1%
0.5%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
-0.4%
Biogenic Energy Combustion 6

Biomass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biogenic W aste . . . . . . . . . . .
Biofuels Hea t and Cop roducts
Ethanol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biodiesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Liquids from Biomass . . . . . . .
Green Liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
185.51
8.26
86.28
54.50
2.98
0.00
0.00
337.53
164.96
8.27
57.33
62.46
3.12
0.00
0.00
296.14
213.62
8.27
73.51
85.79
13.25
1.50
0.90
396.85
238.49
8.27
103.91
109.66
14.81
6.64
1.01
482.79
246.59
8.27
166.61
133.63
17.91
28.87
1.12
603.00
241.53
8.27
207.09
149.70
18.29
65.09
1.12
691.09
241.02
8.27
234.88
154.71
18.58
97.18
1.11
755.75
1.5%
0.0%
5.6%
3.6%
7.1%
--3.7%
Does not include water heating portion of load.

Represe nts differences betw een total emi ssions by end-use and total emis sions by fuel as rep orted in Table A18. Emi ssions by fuel m ay reflect benchm arking and
other modeling adjustments to energy use and the associated emissions that are not assigned to specific end uses.
3
Includes emissions related to fuel consumption for district services.
4
Includes miscellaneous uses, such as service station equipment, automated teller machines, telecommunications equipment, medical equipment, pumps, emergency
generators, combined heat and power in co mme rcial buildings , manufacturing perform ed in comm ercial buildi ngs, and cooking (di stillate), plus em issions from residual
fuel oil, liquefied petroleum gases, coal, motor gasoline, and kerosene.
5
Commercial trucks 8,500 to 10,000 pounds.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of com ponents due to indepe ndent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are m odel results and may differ sl ightly from officia l EIA data
reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 em issions and emiss ion factors: Energy Informa tion Admini stration (EIA), Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2009,
DOE/E IA-0573(20 09) (W ashington, DC, D ecemb er 2010). Projections: EIA, AEO2011 National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
2
38
Table A20. Macroeconomic Indicators

(Billion 2005 Chain-Weighted Dollars, Unless Otherwise Noted)
Reference Case
Indicators
Real Gross Domestic Product . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Components of Real Gross Domestic Product
Real Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real Investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real Government Spending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real Imp orts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy Inten sity
(thousand Btu per 2005 dollar of GDP)
Delivered Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Price Indices
GDP Chain-type Price Index (2005=1.000) . . . .
Consumer Price Index (1982-4=1.00)
All-urban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy Commodities and Services . . . . . . . .
Wholesale Price Index (1982=1.00)
All Commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metals an d Meta l Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial Commodities excluding Energy . . .
Interest Ra tes (percen t, nomina l)
Fe de ral F un ds Ra te . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 -Ye ar T rea su ry N ote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AA Utility B on d R ate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
2008
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
13229
12881
15338
17422
20015
22735
25692
2.7%
9265
1957
2503
1648
2152
9154
1516
2543
1491
1854
10444
2590
2555
2437
2622
11669
2991
2665
3381
3152
13277
3549
2796
4488
3845
15049
4132
2935
5763
4736
16978
4853
3069
7336
5912
2.4%
4.6%
0.7%
6.3%
4.6%
5.49
7.57
5.33
7.36
4.90
6.65
4.42
6.02
3.94
5.38
3.56
4.88
3.25
4.45
-1.9%
-1.9%
1.086
1.096
1.197
1.326
1.452
1.592
1.753
1.8%
2.15
2.36
2.15
1.93
2.39
2.44
2.69
2.86
2.98
3.26
3.30
3.66
3.66
4.10
2.1%
2.9%
1.90
2.14
2.13
1.81
1.73
1.59
1.87
1.76
2.00
2.06
2.48
2.00
2.20
2.44
2.68
2.14
2.39
2.86
2.77
2.25
2.55
3.24
2.83
2.34
2.74
3.69
2.87
2.43
1.8%
3.3%
1.7%
1.2%
1.93
3.67
6.19
0.16
3.26
5.75
5.18
5.77
7.43
4.97
5.89
7.71
4.88
5.80
7.72
4.97
5.78
7.76
5.03
5.87
7.93
----
Value of Shipments (billion 2005 dollars)

Serv ice Se ctors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T o t a l I n d u st ri a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N o n m a n u f a c tu r in g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M a n u f a c tu r in g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Energy-Intensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-energy Intensive . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Shipm ents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
20737
6720
2039
4680
1635
3046
27456
19555
6017
1821
4197
1551
2646
25573
23157
7478
2200
5278
1791
3486
30635
25591
7956
2317
5639
1875
3765
33547
28640
8397
2388
6010
1938
4071
37037
31694
8829
2443
6386
1974
4412
40523
34669
9298
2537
6761
2013
4748
43967
2.2%
1.7%
1.3%
1.9%
1.0%
2.3%
2.1%
Population and Employment (millions)

P o p u la t io n , w it h A rm e d F o r c e s O v e r se a s
P o p u la t io n , a ge d 1 6 a n d o v e r . . . . . . . . .
P o p u la t io n , o ve r a g e 6 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Em ploym ent, N onfarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E m p l o y m e n t , M a n u f a c tu r in g . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
30 5.2
23 9.4
38 .9
13 6.7
13 .4
30 7.8
24 1.8
39 .7
13 0.9
11 .9
32 6.2
25 6.5
47 .1
14 2.3
17 .4
34 2.0
26 9.4
55 .1
14 8.7
17 .1
35 8.1
28 2.6
64 .2
15 6.1
15 .8
37 4.1
29 6.2
72 .3
16 4.2
14 .3
39 0.1
30 9.6
77 .7
17 0.7
13 .1
0.9%
1.0%
2.6%
1.0%
0.4%
Key Labor Indicators

Labor Force (m illions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N o n f a rm L a b o r P r o d u ct iv it y ( 1 9 9 2 = 1 .0 0 ) . .
Un em plo ym en t Ra te (p erc en t) . . . . . . . . . .
15 4.3
1.04
5.82
15 4.2
1.07
9.27
16 0.7
1.18
6.86
16 6.2
1.31
5.47
17 0.6
1.47
4.99
17 5.8
1.62
4.93
18 2.6
1.79
5.20
0.7%
2.0%
--
Key Indicators for Energy Demand

R e a l D is p o s a b le P e r s o n al In c o m e . . . . . . .
Housing Starts (millions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Co m m erc ial F loo rsp ac e (b illion sq ua re fe et)
Unit Sales of Light-Duty Vehicles (millions) .
10043
0.98
78 .8
13.19
10100
0.60
80 .2
10.40
11535
1.84
85 .5
17.02
13184
1.90
91 .5
16.80
15114
1.92
97 .4
18.23
17127
1.83
10 3.5
19.64
19230
1.74
10 9.8
20.63
2.5%
4.2%
1.2%
2.7%
.
.
.
.
.
GDP = Gross dom estic product.

Sources: 2008 and 2009: IHS Global Insight Industry and Employment models, Septem ber 2010. Projections: Energy Information Administration, AEO2011
National Energy Modeling System run REF2011.D120810C.
39
Table A21. International Liquids Supply and Disposition Summary

Reference Case
2008
Crude O il Prices (20 09 dollars per barre l)1
Imp orted Low Su lfur Ligh t Crud e Oil . . . . . . . .
Imp orted Crude Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crude O il Prices (no minal do llars per ba rrel) 1
Imp orted Low Su lfur Ligh t Crud e Oil . . . . . . . .
Imp orted Crude Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
..
..
100.51
93.44
61.66
59.04
94.67
86.94
108.13
98.71
117.48
107.53
122.92
112.35
125.03
114.05
2.8%
2.6%
..
..
99.57
92.57
61.66
59.04
103.38
94.94
130.77
119.37
155.58
142.41
178.49
163.14
199.90
182.35
4.6%
4.4%
24.24
4.05
4.18
2.50
34.98
22.61
3.92
4.06
2.31
32.91
25.69
4.33
5.12
2.00
37.13
26.97
3.96
5.19
1.80
37.93
28.56
3.86
5.14
1.74
39.30
30.74
3.87
5.14
1.66
41.42
33.76
4.01
5.36
1.66
44.78
1.6%
0.1%
1.1%
-1.3%
1.2%
7.71
1.84
3.19
4.96
0.13
0.65
18.48
8.26
1.96
2.90
4.62
0.13
0.65
18.52
9.19
1.80
2.05
3.37
0.14
0.56
17.10
9.77
1.79
1.52
2.83
0.14
0.53
16.57
9.67
1.79
1.23
2.68
0.14
0.52
16.03
9.66
1.79
1.31
2.62
0.15
0.52
16.05
9.64
1.78
1.49
2.67
0.15
0.54
16.26
0.6%
-0.4%
-2.5%
-2.1%
0.5%
-0.7%
-0.5%
9.79
2.88
3.97
3.75
1.54
2.39
1.95
1.82
28.09
9.66
3.08
3.93
3.70
1.54
2.34
2.05
1.87
28.17
10.04
3.55
3.81
3.48
1.57
2.71
2.76
2.10
30.02
10.35
3.73
3.82
3.18
1.40
2.76
3.35
2.10
30.67
10.93
4.00
4.04
3.00
1.25
2.87
3.89
2.25
32.22
11.73
4.25
4.25
2.89
1.14
2.99
4.41
2.50
34.16
12.75
4.51
4.25
2.86
1.11
3.19
4.97
2.61
36.24
1.1%
1.5%
0.3%
-1.0%
-1.3%
1.2%
3.5%
1.3%
1.0%
Total Conventional Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81.55
79.60
84.25
85.17
87.54
91.62
97.28
0.8%
Unconventional Production7
United States (50 states) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OECD Europe 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Central and South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Unconventional Production . . . . . . . . .
0.65
1.54
0.21
0.00
0.21
1.18
0.11
3.91
0.75
1.68
0.22
0.01
0.21
1.14
0.12
4.14
1.10
2.39
0.23
0.17
0.28
1.78
0.17
6.13
1.40
2.93
0.24
0.21
0.37
2.31
0.30
7.76
1.86
3.57
0.26
0.24
0.39
2.61
0.64
9.58
2.40
4.35
0.27
0.24
0.44
2.90
0.98
11.59
2.91
5.27
0.28
0.24
0.44
3.17
1.22
13.54
5.3%
4.5%
1.0%
14.0%
2.9%
4.0%
9.4%
4.7%
Total Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85.45
83.74
90.38
92.93
97.12
103.21
110.82
1.1%
Conven tional Produ ction (Conve ntional) 2

OPEC 3
Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
West Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total OPEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-OPEC
OECD
United States (50 states) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mexic o and Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OECD Europe4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Australia and New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total OECD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-OECD
Russ ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Euro pe an d Eurasia 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Asia 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Central and South America . . . . . . . . .
Total Non-OECD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Table A21. International Liquids Supply and Disposition Summary (Continued)

Reference Case
2008
Consumption8
OECD
United States (50 states) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
United States Territories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mexico an d Chile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OECD Europe4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
South Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Australia and New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total OECD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-OECD
Russ ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Othe r Euro pe an d Eurasia 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Othe r Non-OE CD A sia 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other Central and South America . . . . . . . . . .
Total Non-OECD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2009
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Annual
Grow th
2009-2035
(percent)
19.52
0.28
2.24
2.21
15.36
4.79
2.35
1.14
47.89
18.81
0.27
2.15
2.13
14.49
4.37
2.32
1.19
45.73
20.45
0.31
2.24
2.17
13.55
4.18
2.44
1.18
46.51
20.69
0.30
2.14
2.19
13.03
4.07
2.49
1.14
46.05
20.98
0.30
2.14
2.30
12.82
3.98
2.63
1.13
46.29
21.39
0.31
2.18
2.46
12.85
3.91
2.85
1.14
47.10
21.97
0.32
2.24
2.63
12.95
3.88
3.13
1.17
48.29
0.6%
0.7%
0.2%
0.8%
-0.4%
-0.5%
1.1%
-0.1%
0.2%
2.91
2.23
7.83
2.97
6.35
6.55
3.15
2.49
3.10
37.59
2.83
2.16
8.32
3.06
6.13
6.64
3.31
2.46
3.09
38.01
2.90
2.25
11.10
3.68
6.72
7.47
3.50
2.82
3.41
43.87
2.75
2.20
12.60
4.13
7.27
8.06
3.56
3.00
3.32
46.88
2.66
2.25
14.36
4.54
7.98
8.76
3.76
3.20
3.33
50.84
2.66
2.35
16.55
5.05
8.77
9.76
4.07
3.49
3.41
56.11
2.78
2.48
19.13
5.64
9.75
11.02
4.45
3.79
3.51
62.54
-0.1%
0.5%
3.3%
2.4%
1.8%
2.0%
1.2%
1.7%
0.5%
1.9%
Total Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85.48
83.74
90.38
92.93
97.13
103.21
110.83
1.1%
OPEC Production9 . . . . . . . . .
Non-OPEC Production 9 . . . . .
Net Euras ia Exports . . . . . . .
OPE C Ma rket Share (percent)
35.63
49.82
9.48
41.7
33.45
50.29
9.79
39.9
38.13
52.25
11.19
42.2
39.25
53.67
12.47
42.2
40.75
56.37
13.91
42.0
42.98
60.22
15.38
41.6
46.48
64.34
16.97
41.9
1.3%
1.0%
2.1%
--
....
....
....
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Includes production of crude oil (including lease condensate), natural gas plant liquids, other hydrog en and hydrocarbons for refinery feedstocks, alcohol and other
sources, and refinery gains.
3
OPEC = Organizatio n of Petroleum E xporting Countries - Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates,
and Venezuela.
4
OECD Europe = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxem bourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, and the United
Kingdom.
5
Other Europe and Eurasia = Albania, Arm enia, Azerbaija n, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegov ina, Bulgaria, C roatia, Estonia, G eorgia, Kaza khstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Lithuania, Mace donia, Mal ta, Moldov a, Montenegro, R omania, S erbia, Tajik istan, Turkmenis tan, Ukraine, and Uzbe kistan.
6
Other Asia = Afghanistan, Bangla desh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia (Kampuchea), Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Kiribati, Laos, Malaysia,
Macau, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar (Burma), Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, Niue, North Korea, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Vanuatu, and Vietnam.
7
Includes liquids produced from energy crops, natural gas, coal, extra-heavy oil, oil sands, and shale. Includes both OPEC and non-OPEC producers in the regional
breakdow n.
8
Includes both OP EC and non-O PEC co nsumers in the regiona l breakdow n.
9
Includes both conventio nal and unconventional li quids productio n.
Note: Totals may not equal sum of compone nts due to independent rounding. Data for 2008 and 2009 are m odel results and m ay differ slightly from official EIA
data reports.
Sources: 2008 and 2009 low sulfur light crude oil price: Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA), Form EIA-856, M onthly Foreign C rude Oil Ac quisition Rep ort.
2008 and 2009 im ported crude oil price: EIA, Annual Energy Review 2009, DOE/EIA-0384(2009) (Washington, DC, August 2010). 2008 quantities derived from: EIA,
International Energy Statistic s database as of Novem ber 2009. 2009 quantities and projections: EIA, AEO 2011 Na tional Energy M odeling System run
REF2011.D120810C and EIA, Generate World Oil Balance Model.
2
41

EIA Forecasts 2010

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

EIA Forecasts 2010

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Table A1.

Total Energy Supply, Disposition, and Price Summary

Supply, Disposition, and Prices

Prices (2 009 dollar s per unit)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Total Energy Supply and Disposition Summary (Continued)

Supply, Disposition, and Prices

Includes waste coal.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Consumption by Sector and Source

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Consumption by Sector and Source (Continued)

Delivered Energy C onsum ption for All

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Consumption by Sector and Source (Continued)

Total Energy Consumption

Energy Use and Related Statistics

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Prices by Sector and Source

Average Price to All Users 10

Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Prices by Sector and Source (Continued)

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Energy Prices by Sector and Source (Continued)

Average Price to All Users 10

Non-Renewable Energy Expenditures by

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Residential Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Key Indicators and Consumption

Average House Square Footage . . . . . . . . .

Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

Marketed Renewables (wood)4 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Energy Inten sity

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Residential Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Key Indicators and Consumption

Delivered Energy Consumption by End Use

Electricity Related Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total Energy Consumption by End Use

Does not include water heating portion of load.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Key Indicators and Consumption

Energy Co nsum ption Intensity

Delivered Energy Consumption by Fuel

Marketed Renewables (biomass) . . . . . . . . . .

Delivered Energy Consumption by End Use

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Commercial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Key Indicators and Consumption

Total Energy Consumption by End Use

Nonm arketed R enewa ble Fuels 7

Includes fuel consumption for district services.

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption

Key Indicators and Consumption

Energy Consumption (quadrillion Btu)1

Energy Information Administration / Annual Energy Outlook 2011

Industrial Sector Key Indicators and Consumption (Continued)

Key Indicators and Consumption

Total Industrial Sector Consumption