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RELIEF AND REHABILITATION MEASURES FOR THE TSUNAMI VICTIMS INTRODUCTION Huge seismic sea waves triggered by the

massive undersea earth quake off Sumatra Island in Indonesia left over 100,000 people dead and lakhs of people homeless in India, Srilanka and South East Asia on Sunday, the 26 th December 2004. The earthquake which had its epicenter 257 km south-southwest of Banda Aceh, Sumatra, measured 8.9 on the Richter scale making it the most powerful in the world in the last 40 years. But most of the destruction was caused by seismic waves or tsunami that hit India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Thailand within two
hours of the first impact of the quake.

HISTORY OF TSUNAMI IN THE INDIAN OCEAN 31.12.1881: A tsunami was recorded at Chennai by an earthquake beneath Car Nicobar measuring 7.9 on Richter scale causing damages to the entire East coast of India and Nicobar Islands. August 1883 of the Krakatoa Volcano in Indonesia caused a tsunami, recorded at Chennai, made damages in the East coast of India. 26.06.1941: An 8.1 Richter scale earthquake in the Andaman caused a tsunami and the East coast of India was affected. 27.11.1945: Tsunami, after an earthquake measuring 8.5 0n the Richter scale, at a distance of about 100 km south of Karachi damaging the west coast of India from north was recorded at Kandla

BLACK SUNDAY, 26TH DECEMBER 2004 December 26th, 2004. Sunday morning 7.58, local time, when the sea parted off the coast of Indonesia, the ragging water roared with a medieval echo. Rising from the floor of the ocean in gigantic waves, it robbed nations of their land, families of their loved ones and towns of their identity. White shrouds in mass graves sometimes with a solitary wreath, heartbroken parents clutching the clammy hands of children long dead, hollow eyes surveying heaps of broken homes and desolate relief workers with their mouth covered, trying desperately to escape the stench of death. The day after Christmas, the world was left shaken. The Sumatra earthquake that recorded 9 on the Richter scale had triggered a tsunami that lashed across the coast of 13 nations. When the waves receded, the magnitude of tragedy was revealed over three hundred thousand people dead and million left homeless.

IMPACT OF TSUNAMI WORLDWIDE The most powerful earthquake in 40 years that caused a Tsunami quickly turned into one of the worst disasters in a century, as walls of water crashed ashore across many nations. Lakhs of people lost their lives and the damages are unimaginable. Indonesia, which had the earliest strike of Tsunami with a death toll crossing 3,00,000 people and the tear drop island Sri Lanka have lost the lives of more than 50000 people, are the worst affected countries. The other countries, Thailand where the death toll is 5200, Somalia 300 dead, Maldives 82 dead, Burma 64 dead, Tanzania 10 dead, Malaysia with 68 deaths were also the victims of tsunami. TSUNAMI, IMPACT ON THE INDIAN COAST: The tsunamis that hit the Coromandel Coast of India were caused by a massive earthquake on the Indian Ocean near Sumatra in Indonesia. The Sumatra earthquake is very unique that the sub-ducting Indian plate pushed up the Burma plate by 15 meters. The aftershocks within two hours at the Andaman Islands following the main earthquake in the Burma plate have gone further to fracture and move the Burma plate boundary by 1000 kms. The devastating tidal waves that lashed several coastal states of India have made 9682 people to loss their life and nearly 35000 boats were damaged beyond repair. 90% of the fatalities on Indias southern coast were fishermen and their families. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR: The Island has suffered much with a death toll of 900 and 6010 were missing. Almost every day a minor earthquake was jolting the island and r 44 times tremors were felt in the island. The tsunami has made the scenic island, no more a safer place for tourists. ANDHRA PRADESH: The official death toll in the state stands at 105, in addition to the damage to hundreds of houses, fishing boats and acres of crops along the southern coastal districts of Nellore, Prakasham, Guntur and Krishna. According to State Government estimates, 2410 fishing boats have been lost and 9,197 damage. Fishing tackle worth Rs.102.36 lakh has been destroyed. KERALA: The calamity hit nine districts in the state affecting 4,00,000 people out of which 171 lost their lives. A total of 10065 boats (most of them motorized craft) were destroyed and 2257 fishing nets were washed away.

TSUNAMI IN THE TAMIL NADU COAST: The Tamil Nadu coast is the worst affected in the country with 13 districts affected badly with a death toll of 8010 of which Nagapattinam alone amounts to 6065 deaths. More than 30,000 boats were damaged and 126,781 houses were damaged. The damages in Tamil Nadu are very high as most of the fishermen villages are closely situated to the sea. Further there is not barrier like concrete walls or trees planted near the sea, which could have reduced the damages considerably. TABLE SHOWING THE DEATHS AND DAMAGES IN TAMILNADU STATE
District Chennai Cuddalore Kanchipuram Kanyakumari Nagapattinam Pudukottai Tanjore Tiruvallur Tiruvarur Tirunelveli Tuticorin Viluppuram Ramnad TOTAL Population Affected 73000 99704 100000 187650 196184 66350 29278 15600 0 27948 110610 78240 0 984564 Houses Damaged 17805 15200 7043 31175 39941 1 3 4143 0 630 735 9500 6 126181 Deaths 206 617 129 828 6065 15 33 29 28 4 3 47 6 8010 No. Injured 55 198 14 727 1922 0 482 0 0 4 0 30 0 3432

ARCHDIOCESE OF MADRAS-MYLAPORE: In Chennai District 206 people lost their lives while the death toll in Tiruvallur District has reached 29. The coastal areas namely Besant Nagar, Fore Shore Estate, Santhome, Royapuram, Kasimedu, Tondiarpet, Bharathiyar Nagar, Ennore, Thazhangkuppam, Thiruvottriyur and Pazhaverkadu were the affected places in both the districts. Many of the affected people had lost their kiths and kins and properties like Boat, Nets, Catamaran and other livelihood assets and have been displaced from their own houses.

The fisher folk and other communities living in the coastal areas were affected by Tsunami. A portion of the population was migrants from various parts of Tamilnadu, while the others were traditional fish catchers in the Bay of Bengal. They lived in huts and squatter settlements erected on the seashore of Bay of Bengal. Illiteracy, unemployment and underemployment, lack of basic needs were the major problems faced by the people in this area. I. RELIEF SERVICES CARRIED OUT As an immediate relief measure the affected families around 4200 persons of Santhome area were accommodated in the Cathedral Primary School, Community Hall and the church premise of Santhome Cathedral. They were provided with cooked food, clothing and sanitary items like oil, soap with the kind assistance from Caritas India. Madras Social Service Society also provided medical services & counseling services in the camp as well as in the slums with the help of NGOs, Institutions, and others organizations as given in the list of collaborators. The following table depicts the affected areas and details of people worst affected in Santhome area and sheltered in Santhome.
S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Slums Affected in Santhome Area Nochikuppam Nochikuppam Gudisai Paguthi Ragiv Gandhi Nagar Nambikkai Nagar Duming Kuppam Duming Kuppam Gudisai Paguthi Thideer Nagar TOTAL No of families 157 152 148 250 189 187 143 1226

PACKAGE 1 With assistance of Caritas India the first package of relief assistance was extended to 804 families who were very severely affected by the Tsunami. The Package enabled the affected families to start their living. They were also given medical services and counseling services. These families were identified through the base line survey conducted by the staff along with the local volunteers.
Sl. Name of the Date of Slum/ villages No. of Dignitaries present

No. 01.

Area Santhome

Distribution 14.01.2005 Irudayapuram I Irudayapuram II Thideer Nagar Nochikuppam Mullima Nagar RajivGandhi Nagar Dooming Kuppam

Families Assisted 12 25 58 60 58 36 12 49 48 26 24 24 13

during the Relief Programme Rt Rev Dr Lawrence Pius, DD, Archdiocesan Administrator, Representatives from Federal Republic of Germany, Caritas Austria, Caritas India & CRS

02

Pazhaverkadu

03.01.05

Sattan Kuppam Korai Kuppam Sathi Kuppam Edamani AD colony Senjima Nagar Naduvoor Kuppam

Representatives from Caritas India, Caritas Austria, Caritas Germany, Caritas Italiana, AFPRO

03

Foreshore Estate

10.01.05.

Srinivasapuram

254

Rt Rev Dr Lawrence Pius, DD, Archdiocesan Administrator, Representatives from Caritas Austria, Caritas India & CRS. Representatives from Federal Republic of Germany, Caritas Austria, Caritas India & CRS

04

Kasimode

22.01.05

Kasimode

105

TOTAL The above families were given relief materials as listed below:

804

S.No. 1. Clothing

Materials Distributed One Saree One Towel One Lungi

2.

Bedding Materials

One Bed Sheet

One Mat 3. 4. Utensils Grocery Items One Water Pot, Rice Bowl, One Curry Vessel, Four Plates, Four Steel Cups, Three Spoons Rice 10 Kgs Dhal 1 Kg. Cooking Oil 1 Kg 5. Sanitary Items Bathing Soap 2 Nos. Washing Soap Kg. Bar Coconut Oil 100 gms Along with the above package, the following items were supplied to 1000 very deserving families who received relief materials on 14th January 2005 at Santhome. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Rice 15 Kg. Dhal 3 Kgs. Cooking Oil 1 litre Milk Powder 1 Kg Tea Packet 250 gms Salt 1 Kg. & Tarpauline 2 Nos.

These materials were contributed by Republic of Germany and Caritas Germany through Caritas India. PACKAGE 2 This package was extended to 4041 victims who had regular fishing activity in the rivers, lakes and the backwaters of Pazhaverkadu area and also in the Bay of Bengal. Because of the Tsunami the affected families had a fear to go for fishing. Also they had to repair their boats and nets. They were waiting for the assessment to be done by Government on damages of their houses, household properties and livelihood assets. The fear of public for consuming fish and other seafood was another dimension of the problem. For 2 to 3 months after Tsunami the livelihood for the families given in this Category were in deplorable condition. There are number of families who depended on the fishing people involved in fish vending and other related activities. They are asset less and in penurious condition. Hence, the families required Dry Food materials for at least one month. A. Families which were Fishing in Lake / River / Backwaters on Rotation Basis once in six days Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. Village Name Kottaikuppam Naduvoor Madhakuppam Aandikuppam TOTAL No. of Families 110. 254 90 454

B. Families which were involved in Manual Fishing in the Banks of Lake / River / Backwaters Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 Village Name Thonirevu Jameelabadh Kulathumedu Edamani Nadar TOTAL No. of Families 76 105 75 30 286

C.

Families which were involved in Marine Fishing Village Name Koonankuppam Thirumalai Nagar Sembasipalli Kuppam Lighthouse kuppam Nadukuppam` Nackathuravu kuppam Arangan Kuppam Vairavan Kuppam Pasiavaram Kuppam Sattan Kuppam Korai Kuppam Edamani Colony Isravel Kuppam Sivanpadai Kuppam Karayar Kuppam Boomikodu TOTAL Summary of Beneficiaries under Package 2 No. Of Families 75 60 60 45 30 15 102 60 30 120 48 45 15 15 60 75 855

Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Category A

Type of Work Families which are Fishing in Lake / River / Backwaters on Rotation Basis once in six days

No. of Families 454

B C

Families which are involved in Manual Fishing in the Banks of Lake / River / Backwaters Families which are involved in Marine Fishing TOTAL

286 855 1595

The above families were provided with the relief materials, as given under for their living for one month during a Programme organized at Pazhaverkadu Church Campus on 12th January 2005. The dignitaries present during the Distribution Programme were: 1) Project Officer, Tamilnadu Women Development Project, Tiruvallur 2) 3) 4) 5) Parish Priest, Pazhaverkadu Vicar Forane / Parish Priest, Manali New Town Parish Priest, Royapuram The elders of Pazhaverkadu area villages

The following table details the list of materials supplied to them Sl. 1. 2. 3. 4. Materials Rice Dhal Cooking Oil Sugar Quantity 25 Kg. 1 Kg. 1 Kg. 1 Kg. Pack

The affected family members were also given Trauma Counseling and other services. PACKAGE 3 Under the coordination of Madras Social Service Society, the Catholic Religious of Archdiocese of Madras-Mylapore (CRI) were involved in the Survey of Educational Institutions, where the Tsunami affected children are studying. They not only visited the schools run by the Diocese, Catholic Religious, and Private but also the Government Schools in Chennai and Tiruvallur Districts. According to their Survey, 15000 children were affected by the Tsunami. However, the report of the team revealed the deplorable condition of 10207 deserving children who were in need of support immediately. Class Wise Details of Students in different Tsunami affected areas:

Standard (Class) Pre School

Pattinapakkam 328

Kasimedu & Ennore 53

Besant Nagar 84

Pazhaverkadu 79

Total 544

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Total

634 512 559 525 538 520 444 467 366 319 180 180 5572

133 117 140 153 120 107 120 82 71 38 17 13 1164

256 175 210 163 164 166 140 122 112 116 32 52 1792

250 183 199 227 183 157 134 98 51 66 22 30 1679

1273 987 1108 1068 1005 950 838 769 600 539 251 275 10207

The affected children were provided educational materials during different programmes organized at the schools from 8th January 2005 to 25th January 2005. The Don Bosco Anbu Illam, a member in CRI, took the responsibility of purchase and distribution of materials to 3160 students. The Self Help Groups (SHGs) functioning in our area of operation have contributed Rs.100/- each for assisting the Tsunami victims. From this amount Rs.50,000/- was given to the Chief Ministers Tsunami Relief Fund through Tamilnadu Women Development Project Office, Tiruvallur District. The Self Help Groups and Union level federations also extended emergency help to the victims at various camps at Ponneri and Chennai. The SHG members rendered their voluntary service in packing of dress and food materials at Virugambakkam, Chennai for 5 days, on request of the District Collector, Tiruvallur District. Apart from these the SHG members and Kolping Group members assisted in packing of relief materials at various distribution venues.

II. TSUNAMI REHABILITATION PROGRAMME


After the emergency relief activities need analysis was carried out in the affected areas with the help of the staff of CARITAS and CRS. Based on the need analysis following activities were conducted with the financial and technical support of CARITAS and CRS

II. A. LIVELIHOOD PROGRAMME


REPLACING OF LOST FIBER BOATS

483 FRP Boats were distributed to 47 villages, benefiting 1932 persons in Ennore, Arambakkam and Pazhaverkadu regions of Tiruvallur Dist. Each FRP Boat was owned by 4 Joint Owners of the Boat. 1932 tsunami victims now possess an asset and earn regular monthly income of Rs.1000 to 4000 per month with the help of the FRP Boat. COUNTRY BOATS - 33 FEET This type of boat was distributed to 2 villages called Edamani Colony and Pakkam Colony @ 10 Boats and 3 Boats respectively. The 10 Boats at Edamani Colony benefited 40 persons @ 4 persons per Country Boat. Whereas at Pakkam Colony 40 persons owned one boat and so in this village 120 persons were benefited owning 3 Country Boats. The 13 Country Boats has enabled 160 persons to become joint owners which is a source of their livelihood. COUNTRY BOATS - 28.5 FEET This type of Country Boat was distributed to the following villages: Unit Benef . Village s i. Aurivakkam Mel Kuppam 20 80 Aurivakkam Colony 3 45 Aurivakkam Keezh Kuppam 22 110 Total 45 235 235 families of Aurivakkam villages now possess a Livelihood Equipment and they lead a dignified life COUNTRY BOAT - 39 FEET This type of Country Boat was distributed to the following villages: Village Battaikuppam Nochikuppam Bethaniakuppam Venkatesaperumal Nagar Kuppam Total Units 20 20 5 6 51 Benefi. 80 80 20 24 204

The people now possess the equipment which they used before the Tsunami. They are now the owners of the Livelihood Equipment and they lead a livable life. 2. Supply of Catamarans Catamaran - 18 feet (52Nos.) During our assessment, some villages requested for Catamarans which they had lost during the Tsunami. Based on the assessment, 2 villages were provided with Catamarans of 18 feet. In Kulathumedu village 50 Catamarans were distributed and each Catamaran is owned by 2 Joint Owners. Similarly in Senjiamman Nagar village, 2 Catamarans were distributed benefiting 4 families. Totally by Distribution of Catamaran with 18 feet, 104 families are benefited. Catamaran - 12 feet Catamarans with 12 feet were distributed to the following villages. Each Catamaran is being owned by Single persons benefiting their families. Totally 92 families are benefited through this programme. Name of the Village Unit s 12 15 12 18 17 15 Benefi. 12 15 12 18 17 15 3 92

Nakkathuravu Karimanal Pettai Pallikuppam Kallukadaimedu Rajarathinam Nagar Aurivakkam (Kanuvandurai - ST) 3 Total 92 CATAMARAN - 15 FEET

110 persons from 4 villages were benefited through the distribution of Catamaran with 15 feet. The Catamarans are being owned by Single Ownership. The details of the villages and benefiting families are given under: Village Kattukuppam Sivanpadaiveedhi Sathyavanimuthu Nagar V O C Nagar TOTAL Units 30 40 20 20 110 Beneficiary 30 40 20 20 110

3. SUPPLY OF ENGINES REPLACING LOST ENGINES I (10 HP) FOR FIBRE BOAT SETS The Beneficiaries of the 483 FRP Boats, were also provided with 10 HP Outboard Motor (Engine) worth Rs.41060/- each. Thus 1600 families were benefited by the distribution of 400 Outboard Motors. The Engines are fixed on the FRP Boat. Thus the 1932 families were benefited by the distribution of 483Engines.

REPLACING ENGINES FOR COUNTRY BOATS (7HP) 13 (7 HP) Engines were also provided for the Country Boats with 33 feet distributed to Edamani colony (10 Nos.) and Pakkam colony (3 Nos.) REPLACING ENGINES FOR CATAMARANS (7 HP) 52 (7 HP) Engines were also provided for the Catamarans with 18 Feet distributed to Kulathumedu (50 Nos.) and Senjiamman Nagar (2 Nos.). 4. SUPPLY OF FISHING NETS Replacing Lost nets I for Fibre Boat sets The Beneficiaries of the 400 FRP Boats & 10 HP Outboard Motor (Engine) were also provided with 3 types of Nets Kanankazhuthi Valai, Mani Valai and Thattakavalai Valai. Thus 1600 families were benefited by the distribution of 400 sets of Nets. Thus the 1600 families were benefited by the distribution of 400 types of Nets. Replacing Lost Nets II for Fibre Boat sets 83 more sets of Nets (Each set with 3 types of Nets Kanankazhuthi Valai, Mani Valai and Thattakavalai Valai) were distributed to the deserving affected families, who were also provided with FRP Boats and 10 HP Engines. 332 persons benefited through this distribution. Replacing nets for country boats - 33 feet 10 sets of nets were distributed to 40 persons (@ 4 per set) at Edamani Colony who were provided with Country Boats of 33 feet and 7 HP Engines Replacing nets for country boats - 33 feet

3 sets of nets were distributed to 120 persons (@ 40 per set) at Pakkam Colony who were provided with Country Boats of 33 feet and 7 HP Engines Replacing nets for country boats - 28.5 feet 42 sets of Nets were distributed to Aurivakkam Mel Kuppam (20 sets) and Aurivakkam Keezh kuppam (22 sets) benefiting 80 and 110 families respectively, who were provided with Country Boats 28.5 feet Replacing nets for country boats - 28.5 feet 3 sets of nets were provided to Aurivakkam Colony village benefiting 45 families (15 per set). They were earlier provided with Country Boat of 28.5 feet. Replacing nets for country boats - 39 feet 51 sets of Nets were provided to the following villages who were also provided with Country Boats with 39 feet. The details of villages are given under: Name of the Village Battaikuppam Nochikuppam Bethaniakuppam Venkatesaperumal Nagar kuppam TOTAL Replacing nets for catamarans - 12 feet Name of the Village Nakkathuravu Karimanal Pettai Pallikuppam TOTAL Units 12 15 12 18 57 Benefi. 12 15 12 18 57 57 sets of Nets were provided to the owners of Catamarans with 12 feet. The details of villages are given under: No. of Units 20 20 5 6 51 Bene. 80 80 20 24 204

Replacing nets for catamarans - 12 feet 35 sets of Nets were also provided to the families who were provided with Catamarans with 12 feet. The details of villages are given under: Village Kallukadaimedu Rajarathinam Nagar Aurivakkam (Kanuvandurai - ST) TOTAL Replacing nets for catamarans - 18 feet Units 17 15 3 35 Benefi. 17 15 3 35

2 villages were provided with 52 sets of nets who were also provided with Catamarans of 18 feet. In Kulathumedu village 50 sets of nets were distributed benefiting 2 families per set. Similarly in Senjiamman Nagar village, 2 sets of nets were distributed benefiting 4 families. Totally by Distribution of 52 sets of nets, 104 families are benefited. Replacing nets for catamarans - 15 feet 80 sets of nets were provided to 3 villages in addition to the distribution of Catamarans of 15 feet to these families. Thus 80 families were benefited by this distribution. The details of the villages and benefiting families are given under: Name of the Village Sivanpadaiveedhi Sathyavanimuthu Nagar V O C Nagar TOTAL Units 40 20 20 80 Benefi. 40 20 20 80

Replacing nets for repaired & not damaged FRP boats I 200 sets of Nets were provided to the families who had owned FRP Boats but their nets were damaged during the Tsunami. 100 sets of Nets were provided at Arangankuppam village and 100 sets at Thirumalai Nagar village. Thus 200 families benefited by this distribution of nets. Replacing nets for repaired & not damaged FRP boats II 65 sets of Nets were provided to the families at Sattankuppam village who were the owners of FRP Boats but their nets were damaged during the Tsunami. Thus 65 families benefited by this distribution of nets. Replacing nets for repaired & not damaged country boats 150 sets of Nets were provided to Annamalaicherrykupam village who possessed Wooden Country Boats which were Fibre Pasted and Binded. 5. Repair of fishing crafts Fibre Binding and Pasting to wooden country boats I 150 sets of Wooden Country Boats were Fibre Pasted and Binded. Thus 150 families at Annamalaicherry kuppam benefited by this programme. Fibre Binding and Pasting to wooden country boats II

120 sets of Wooden Country Boats were Fibre Pasted and Binded. The details of benefiting villages and families is given below: Village Chinnamangodu kuppam Chinnamangodu Muslim Habitation Pudhukuppam Periamangodu TOTAL 6. Repair of Engines 33 Outboard Motors were repaired in Koraikuppam village of Thangal Perumbulam Panchayath in Pazhaverkadu area, Tiruvallur District Units 40 10 50 20 120 Benefi 80 10 100 40 230

II.B. LIVELIHOOD NON FISHING


Diesel Auto Rickshaws (4) There are two villages namely Thazhankuppam Colony and Thazhankuppam Bazar in Ennore who were not the fishermen but affected by tsunami. These two villages instead of fishing equipments requested Autos, which could help their community and neighbouring communities. Hence these two villages were given two autos each. This assistance has equipped them to not only carry out services in this area but also fetch an income for the development of the villages. Agriculture Inputs There are two tsunami affected Panchayaths involved in agriculture activities. These villages were studied by Dr. Haridoss and based on his advice series of activities were planed and implemented. As the first stage, thorough orientation was conducted in the villages with the help of Mr. Nammalwar, an agriculture scientist. He carried out orientation cum demonstration on preparation of vermicompost, pests control and cultivation methods. He has also prescribed certain equipments for promoting sustainable agriculture. Equipments for Value Addition of Sea Products The Prograqmme Coordinator for Livelihood conducted a market study in the tsunami-affected areas. His study included lifecycle analysis, livelihood matrix, and also suggested required areas of improvement. Based on his study various group IGPs were planned and implemented III. CONSTRUCTION

Sattangkuppam MSSS has constructed 376 houses at Edamani for the people of Sattangkuppam and a detailed report is separately given in the article Housing for the poor and deserving Andarkuppam The poor families of Andarkuppam who were evacuated by the Highways Departments were identified and the deserving 50 families were given land with House at Caritas Nagar, Amoor. A detailed report is separately given in the article Housing for the poor and deserving Individual Toilets construction The construction of 2200 individual toilets in the tsunami affected areas was launched during September 2006 The individual toilet programme is linked with the Government Sanitation Programme. The VDCs selected the deserving candidates and submitted the list to MSSS. The selected families paid their local contribution of Rs.500/- each to their VDC Account. After the finalization of the list, the members were given orientation training by the Block Development Officer. The BDO explained the various toilet models promoted by the Government and advised a specific model suited for the Pazhaverkadu area. The members accepted the model and the VDC took charge and completed the construction of toilets. The active participation of the Panchayat Presidents in availing the Government Subsidy has really helped the people to complete the programme smoothly. And following is the financial break up of the toilets. Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Particulars Amount

Cash Contribution by the 500.00 Beneficiary Family Subsidy by the Government 1200.00 Caritas Contribution 2000.00 Labour Contribution 800.00 TOTAL 4500.00

IV. COMMUNITY MOBILISATION Trainings for SHG Representatives We were successful in the formation of Self Help Groups in the Tsunami affected areas in Pazhaverkadu, Ennore and Arambakkam areas. The SHGs were

formed separately for various categories of people in these areas like, the Women, Men, Fishermen, Youth, Widow and the Physically Challenged persons. As on 31st December 2006, totally we have formed 778 SHGs in the Tsunami affected areas. Moreover we are also proud to mention that the Government has announced Minjur and Gummidipoondi Blocks as Tsunami affected areas in Tiruvallur District and allocated the Panchayaths in Minjur and Gummidipoondi Blocks to MSSS. The details of SHGs formed as on 31st December 2006 CATEGORY Women Men Fishermen Youth Widow Physically Challenged TOTAL MINJUR 240 37 245 68 16 4 610 KATHIVAKKAM 52 6 36 8 1 0 103
GUMMIDI -POONDI

TOTAL 337 43 294 83 17 4 778

45 0 13 7 0 0 65

Special Grading of SHGs formed in the Tsunami affected areas was conducted by the TNWDP jointly with the DRDA. Out of the above groups,478 groups were graded during August and the list of the SHGs graded is furnished below: The Graded groups were provided with credit linkages (Rs.15000/- Bank loan and Rs.30000/- subsidy). Supplying of Registers to 700 SHGs The SHGs formed in the Tsunami affected areas have started Savings in the groups. In order to record the activities of the SHGs and for efficiency and effective management of the SHGs, a set of REGISTERS were provided to the SHGs. Orientation Programme, Exposure Programme and Trainings Category of Minjur Gummidi- TOTAL An Exposure SHG poondi Programme Women 252 140 392 was Men 11 11 organized for Fishermen 28 28 Youth 26 26 Widow 15 15 Physically 6 6 Challenged TOTAL 338 140 478

the peoples representatives from 9th to 11th October 2006. They visited Chengalpattu, Puducherry and Nagapattinam. 160 federation and grama sangam level representatives along with the staff participated in this 3 days Exposure to witness the rehabilitative programmes undertaken for the Tsunami victims in other coastal districts of Tamilnadu. The peoples representatives had dialogue with the other Tsunami affected persons, shared their experience and their development as a result of the various rehabilitative measures carried out through this programme. This gave a new thought and new energy among them in witnessing the progress of the affected people in the socio-economic ladder. Campaigns / Rallies on common issues, Observance of important days, etc. The Tsunami second year remembrance was observed in a grand manner at Pazhaverkadu. The District Fisherfolk Federation organized the days programme in collaboration with MSSS. The event commenced with Rally inaugurated by Mr K G Baskar Sundaram, Vice Chairperson, District Council, Tiruvallur. The Rally started at 11.00 a.m. at Pazhaverkadu Market and reached the Boat Jetty, Pazhaverkadu at 11.45 a.m. Then there was a short programme capturing the last years theme New Thoughts and New Efforts and this years theme Towards Sustainable Development. Finally the Programme ended with a Resolution and Oath Taking. More than 3000 members participated in this programme and made the day a memorable one remembering the victims of Tsunami. The programme was highlighted in the leading dailies. The expenses for this programme were used from this line item. Moreover special campaigns were organized at village level to impart the importance of insurance to the village people. The expenses towards the same were also incurred from this activity. Capacity Building Programme for the Staff, Orientation on the project and its activities, process of implementation In order to orient the staff on the Tsunami Rehabilitation Programme, a two days Orientation Programme was organized during July 2005 at MSSS Office. The staffs were given thorough orientation on the project and project activities were explained in detail. An Action Plan was prepared during the programme for implementing the various project activities and the process to be arranged for implementing the project activities in the scheduled time was discussed at length during the programme. Monthly Review Planning & Reporting Meetings In order to review the previous month activities and plan for the present month, Monthly Review Planning Meetings were organized for the Project Staff at MSSS. This meeting is normally conducted during the 1st week of the Month. During this meeting, the staff report on the activities carried out during the

previous month; share their experiences, success, shortcomings and their difficulties (if any). The Programme Coordinators guide the project staff in effective implementation of the project activities, give guidelines / formats and verify their records. Thus this meeting helps in effective monitoring and implementation of the activities in a systematic way. Likewise during the Monthly Reporting Meeting of the staff, held at MSSS Office, during the last week of the month, the project staff report on the activities carried out during the month and document the reports / photos / case studies to the office. Any activity undone is discussed during the meeting and guided to complete the activities as planned. Exposure Programmes An Exposure Programme was organized for the Staff (20 Nos.) of this Project during November 2006. A two days Exposure was organized to Puducherry and Pazhaverkadu. All the staff, including the administrative staff participated in this Exposure. In Puducherry, the staffs were given first hand information about Information and Communication Technology especially the system of VIC making announcements through Public Address system on the weather heights, wind speed, potential fish finding, etc. Moreover the computer training centre was also witnessed. This exposure helped the staff to know about the Public Address system and other rehabilitative measures carried out at Puducherry for the Tsunami affected families. Regional Coordination Meetings The State Level Tsunami Coordination Meetings and other Tsunami meetings organized by the Regional Forum is being attended by the Director and the Programme Coordinators. This project fund is utilized for the expenses incurred during travel and other allowances for these Meetings. Moreover seminars and trainings organized by other partner agencies for implementation of Rehabilitation activities for the Tsunami victims, was also attended by the staff and the expenses towards the same is incurred from this line item. Trainings to Staff The Project Staff were imparted the implementation of the project activities. participated in all the trainings: 1. Insurance 2. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 3. Livelihood 4. SHG Training & Facilitation 5. VDC & Federation 6. Network & Advocacy following trainings for effective On average 15 staff members

These trainings helped the project staff to gain more knowledge on the concept of insurance, PRA, livelihood, etc. and these trainings were imparted by the project staff, in turn to the peoples representatives. These trainings were imparted to the project staff by qualified and experienced staff in these topics and also by experts from outside. Orientation on the Project and its activities, process of implementation Village wise orientation on the project was conducted in all the project villages during the month of August 2005. These orientation programmes were conducted in all the villages in Pazhaverkadu from 8th to 13th August 2005 and at Ennore on 23rd August 2005. The village elders, women, youth and children participated in the Orientation Programme. They gathered at a common place (like temple, grounds, etc.) in a village and the project staff oriented the village people on the project and its components. They village people assured their cooperation for survey on the need assessment and implementation for various activities of the project. VOCATIONAL TRANINGS Computer Training at Sagaya Madha High School, Ennore 4 Computers with accessories were provided for this Training from this project. Moreover the instructors fee @ Rs.4000 per month and resource materials @ Rs.2000/- per month is availed from this programme. The candidates are given 6 months computer course. Totally 32 female persons have undergone Computer training at Sagaya Matha High School, Ennore. Tailoring Training at Sagaya Madha Tailoring School, Ennore With the project fund 10 Tailoring Machines were purchased. 2 Teachers Salary and Training materials were contributed towards this programme. 68 female persons have benefited through this Tailoring Training at Ennore. Thus the tsunami affected girls and women now possess a skill. Some are working and few are self-employed, enabling them to run their family with this trade. Tailoring Training at St. Joseph's Tailoring Institute , Pazhaverkadu Tailoring training was provided to the deserving 60 women affected by the Tsunami in Pazhaverkadu area. Different types of embroidery works, temporary and permanent stitches are the major heads under this training. The project funded for purchase of 10 tailoring machines, teachers salary for 2 persons and raw materials. Through this course, 60 tsunami affected families benefited with a skill. Other than tailoring the candidates were also taught flower, garland

making, and other handicrafts. The trained candidates use this skill for generating income to their families. St Theresa's Tailoring Training Centre, Kasimedu Purchase of 10 Tailoring Machines, Remuneration for 2 Tailoring Teachers and for Training materials were the partners contribution towards this programme. The deserving candidates were selected and they were given the appropriate syllabus on Needle work, dress making, temporary and permanent stitches (with 52 lessons). 55 female persons have benefited by this Tailoring Course at Kasimedu. 90% of the trained candidates got employed and some got selfemployed. Thus the Tailoring Training was a boon for income generation to the families affected by the Tsunami. Tailoring Training, Computer Training & Auto Driving at Royapuram Tailoring Training Tailoring training was provided to the deserving 67 women affected by the Tsunami. Different types of embroidery works, temporary and permanent stitches are the major heads under this training. The project funded for purchase of 10 tailoring machines, teachers salary for 2 persons and raw materials. Through this course, 67 tsunami affected families benefited with a skill. The trained candidates use this skill for generating income to their families. Computer Training Diploma in computer applications covering Microsoft Paint, Powerpoint, Word, Excel, Internet & HTML and Windows Explorer was provided to the deserving female youth under this programme. 221 girls were provided with this training and now they are trained in this course and have a skill at hand. In this growing field of Information and Technology, this course would enable the candidates to learn a trade. Auto Driving 20 female persons were given Auto Driving Training under this programme. The female persons have trained themselves in Auto Driving and they have possessed the Light Motor Vehicle License. As regards the regular courses offered for women, this is unique because the women rarely raise to learn Auto Driving, since mostly men only learn Auto Driving. The empowerment of the Tsunami affected women and their ability to learn a different trade, which usually the men undergo, is visible through this training. Home Care for Displaced Girl Students at St. Joseph's Hostel, Santhome

25 girl children were benefited through this programme. The children whose houses were affected during the Tsunami, did not have proper place for study. These children were accommodated at St Josephs Hostel for Tsunami affected Students. They students were able to study well in this Hostel and they were also provided with the evening meal. The fear that they would be a dropout of school, after the Tsunami, as their houses were affected, was withdrawn since this Hostel provided them accommodation for proper study. The children studied well and acquired good results in their examinations. The parents and the children are very much thankful for this kind assistance. Computer Training & Tailoring training at Beasant Nagar Computer Training At Besant Nagar, the youth from the tsunami affected families were selected and imparted 3 Months Course on Computer. The syllabus of this course was MS Word, MS Excel, MS Power Point, MS Paint, Internet and HTML and Windows Explorer. 33 boys and 70 girls benefited by this training. The programme fund was utilized for purchase of Computers and Accessories (4 Nos.), Instructors fees and training materials. The children from the tsunami affected families now possess a skill, and able to come up in the fast growing field of IT. Tailoring Training 6 months course on Tailoring with a set of syllabus were imparted to the deserving female persons. The major heads of this syllabus were Cuttings, Hand Stretching and Machine Stretching. This Tailoring Training enabled 65 persons to learn a skill utilize it for the development of their family and the society at large. Capacity Building Programme for Women by ARPANAM , Royapettah In order to train the Tsunami affected women, ARPANAM, an organization run by the sisters of Presentation Convent came forward in organizing Awareness Training, Life oriented trainings and skill trainings to the women in Ayothiakuppam, Muttan Kuppam and neighbouring . A set of 30 women per Batch was selected they were imparted awareness training and then given training on Food Processing and Simple Chemicals. Thus by this training 360 women in 12 batches were benefited. EDUCATION Coaching Classes Coaching classes are being conducted in 48 centers in the Tsunami affected areas of Pazhaverkadu and Ennore.

Distribution of school kits, uniforms to children mostly dalit and girl children 1844 Primary Children and 2084 High School and Higher Secondary School Children were provided with School Kits consisting of Uniform materials, Note Books, Text Books, School bag, Lunch Box, Geometry Box and Water Bottle. Because of this, the school children at the Tsunami affected areas were able to continue their education without much difficulty. The educational kits helped them to recover from the trauma that everything was lost and our education is also lost. With the educational kits they were able to study and get good marks in the examinations. The Parent had the fear of how to purchase the educational materials and continue the education of their children. But by the distribution of the educational materials, based on the requirement from the people, helped them to overcome this difficulty. Conclusion Thus the relief and rehabilitation activities implemented for the victims of tsunami enabled the fishing community to come to normalcy and plan development initiatives for their families as well as the communities. I am very grateful to the kind donors especially CARITAS and CRS for their accompaniment and support.

HOUSING FOR THE POOR AND DESERVING


Tsunami The tsunami that hit the Coromandel Coast of India was caused by a massive earthquake on the Indian Ocean near Sumatra in Indonesia. The Tamil Nadu coast is the worst affected in India with 13 districts affected badly. In Chennai District 206 people lost their lives while the death toll in Tiruvallur District was 29. The coastal areas namely Besant Nagar, Fore Shore Estate, Santhome, Royapuram, Kasimedu, Tondiarpet, Bharathiyar Nagar, Enore, Thazhangkuppam, Thiruvottriyur and Pazhaverkadu were the most affected places in both the districts. Many of the affected people have lost their kiths and kins and properties like Boat, Nets, Catamaran and other livelihood assets and have been displaced from their own houses. MSSS INTERVENTION Relief Measures Immediately after the Tsunami, the affected people were taken to rescue shelters and camps and provided with the basis needs like medical assistance, food and clothing. Relief materials were distributed to the affected people under various

packages as per the necessity with the generous support of kind hearted national and international partner agencies and individuals. Tsunami Rehabilitation Programme The Relief materials provided to the families helped them to survive to some extend and bear the loss. But this was not a permanent solution to the massive tragedy. Hence Rehabilitation measures were planned and implemented with the generous support of Caritas and CRS. Formation and Strengthening of CBOs, Distribution of Livelihood Equipments, Vocational and Skill Trainings to Youth and Women, Building Permanent Shelters were the major activities under this Phase. Construction of 376 Houses for Sattangkuppam village (Caritas and CRS) Koraikuppam and Sattangkuppam were the worst affected villages in Tiruvallur District. As Koraikuppam village was given to some other NGO, MSSS concentrated on Sattangkuppam village. The whole village was located in the narrow strip between Bay of Bengal and Pazhaverkadu Lake and the habitats were just a few meters away from the sea. Moreover since the entire community was living in horror near the lagoon, this village was selected for providing permanent shelters. The District administration of Tiruvallur after a detailed study advised MSSS build Permanent Shelters and thus the programmeme was evolved. After conducting survey, 376 families were identified as the settlers of this village. During January 2006, the Government allotted 19.34 acres for Construction of 376 Houses, at Edamani village, Pazhaverkadu Panchayath. On 18th January 2006 a MoU was signed with Thiru Pankaj Kumar Bansal IAS, District Collector of Tiruvallur District. After this, tenders were called for selecting the eligible Project Management Consultant (PMC). M/s. Jayam Consultants Pvt. Ltd. was selected as the PMC for this programmeme. An agreement was signed with the PMC on 27th February 2006. In the construction site at Edamani, the thorny bushes were cleared during March 2006. And the land leveling works were done. Soil and Water test was conducted during March 2006. Many discussions and meetings were conducted with the people and the shelter team during March to May to finalize the House Design. And the finalized House Design was approved by the Shelter Team during May 2006. The Bhoomi Pooja and Foundation Stone Laying for the construction was held on 14th July 2006. Tenders were sought from contractors and the following contractors were selected for the construction of 376 houses:

Name of the Contractor Vicons Projects (India) Ltd., Chennai-35 M/s.Monarch Properties & Developers P. Ltd., Chennai-34 Total

No. of House s 199 177 376

Approved Cost per house 212000.00 212000.00

Total Cost

42188000.00 37524000.00 79712000.00

The contractors were finalized during August 2006 and the construction work commenced with effect from September 2006. Agreement was entered with the contractors to complete the project by March 2007. Since there was no proper Approach to the site by land, the Government laid Approach Road to the new site. After various constraints faced during implementation of the work, especially with regard to transportation of materials to the site, the construction of the houses was completed by December 2007. After this, the District Administration implemented the basic facilities like Internal Roads, Electricity, land filling between the houses and Drinking water facility in the new site. Regular weekly meetings with PMC and Contractors, regular visits by Shelter experts, involvement of housing core committee and monitoring by the District Administration adds to the success / effective implementation of the programmeme. Each house posses a Kitchen, a Hall, a Bed Room, a Bathroom, Toilet facilities and stair case. The house has adequate foundation for constructing one more floor on it. The details of the area of each house is presented below:

DESCRIPTION PLOT AREA GROUND FLOOR AREA Sanitation (CRS)

SQ. FT 1300 325.55

SQ.M 122 30.3

For each house a septic tank with three chambers and upflow filter was designed by the PMC as per the model suggested and approved by Dr Sundaramoorthy, Sanitation Expert. CRS funded the construction of 376 septic tanks for the houses @ Rs.14,000/- per house. CONSTRUCTION OF 60 HOUSES AT THONIREVU VILLAGE No. of Houses: 60 Worth of a House: Rs.212000.00 Facilities: A Kitchen, a Hall, a Bed Room a Toilet, a Bathroom and Staircase

Thonirevu is small hamlet under Kottaikuppam Panchyath of Pazhaverkadu area. Their requirement of 60 houses was fulfilled by Mr Mon van der Biest and friends from SOS Sadhish Belgium and France The construction of the 60 Houses for the people of Thonirevu at this village progressed as per the project plan was completed during March 2008. The houses were blessed and handed over to the people of Thonirevu on the 31 st March 2008. Mr Mon van der Biest and friends from SOS Sadhish Belgium and France inaugurated the houses. The houses were blessed by Most Rev Dr A M Chinnappa SDB DD PhD, Chairperson of MSSS. Construction of Community Hall The construction of the community hall commenced after the housing construction and was completed in January 2009. This Community Hall was opened and handed over to the people on 14th February 2009 by Ms Sunita, SOS Sadhish - Belgium &other friends. 50 Houses to the people of Andarkuppam Village People living on the roadside at Andarkuppam were evacuated by the Highways Department. In order to provide the deserving 50 families with a permanent shelter to live in, 25 Twin Houses were constructed at Caritas Nagar, Amoor village as per the guidance of Caritas-India. These houses were handed over to the people on 5th February 2008. The houses were opened by Rev Fr Varghese Mattamana, Executive Director of Caritas India and Blessed by Rt Rev Dr Lawrence Pius DD PhD, Vice Chairpeson, MSSS in the presence of Mr Nelson, Head EDMS Caritas India, Mr Rabindran Sanders, Regional Manager, Caritas India and other dignitaries.

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