Unit 1: Fractions and Decimals.

ACTIVITIES

Mathematics - 3 ESO

UNIT 1: Fractions and Decimals

1) Rational Numbers

2) Operations Involving Fractions 3) Fractions as Operators 4) Decimal Numbers 5) Converting Decimals to Fractions 6) Percentages 7) Simple and Compound Interest

Introduction: Set of Numbers

Natural numbers are counting numbers from one to infinity. We use the letter to refer to the set of all natural numbers.

Whole numbers are counting numbers from zero to infinity.

Integer numbers are positive numbers and negative numbers, but not fractions or decimal. Another definition: If we take natural numbers and combine them with their negative counterparts, we get the group of integer numbers. We use the letter to refer to the set of all integer numbers.

Number line: we use a number line to represent the order of the integer numbers set. Integer numbers are represented in order on the number line. Note that for any natural number, n, on the number line, the opposite of that number, - n, is also on the number line. For example:

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Unit 1: Fractions and Decimals. ACTIVITIES

Mathematics - 3 ESO

The number line can be used to determine the greater (or lesser) of two integers. Two inequality symbols that we will use in this chapter are and . The symbol is read is greater than, and the symbol is read is less than On the number line, the numbers increase from left to right. The absolute value of a number is its distance from 0 on a number line. The symbol or notation for absolute value is

. A distance is a number that is

greater than or equal to 0. Since an absolute value is a distance, the absolute value of an integer is also greater than or equal to 0.

Combined operations involving integer numbers: when an expression contains combined operations you need to do the operations in the following order (BEDMAS): First you do the operations inside the brackets. Then you do the exponents (powers and roots) Then you do the multiplication and division. The last thing you do is the addition and subtraction.

Exercises

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Unit 1: Fractions and Decimals. ACTIVITIES

Mathematics - 3 ESO

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Unit 1: Fractions and Decimals. ACTIVITIES

Mathematics - 3 ESO

The following numbers are the solutions of the exercise but they are disordered. Could you match each solution with its correct letter?

-14

70

-18

-6

12

-30

68

56

-12

Exercise 4
Each one of the following operations has one mistake. Highlight/circle and describe the mistake in words.

a) b) IES Albayzn (Granada) Pgina 4

Unit 1: Fractions and Decimals. ACTIVITIES

Mathematics - 3 ESO

c) d) Because there are parentheses, this represents the associative property.

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