CHAPTER 6 MULTIPLE CHOICE

Part 1: Basic Pharmacology Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. 1. Which of the following is one of the four drug names? biological name proper name official name sales name 2. The four main sources for drugs include: animals. plants. minerals. all of the above. 3. For many years the primary source of insulin for treating diabetes mellitus was the extract of: primate pancreas. porcine pancreas. equine pancreas. bovine pancreas. 4. A compilation of drug inserts, the printed fact sheets that drug manufacturers supply with most medications, is found in the: United States Pharmacopeia. Monthly Prescribing Reference. AMA Drug Evaluation. Physicians' Desk Reference. 5. Name, classification, mechanism of action, indications, and so forth, are information contained in a drug's: profile. overview. synopsis. review. 6. According to the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, heroin is a Schedule 1 drug, meaning it: has a low abuse potential. has no accepted medical indications. may lead to limited psychological and/or physical dependence. has a low physical, but high psychological, dependence potential. 7. Drug legislation passed in the United States in 1906 to protect the public from adulterated or mislabeled drugs was the: Harrison Narcotic Act. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Pure Food and Drug Act. Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act.

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8. According to the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, Valium, lorazepam, and phenobarbital are: Schedule V drugs. Schedule IV drugs. Schedule III drugs. Schedule II drugs. 9. The ______ test determines the amount and purity of a given chemical in a preparation. assay bioequivalence bioassay pharmacokinetics 10. Which of the following is one of the six "rights" of medication administration? the right container the right doctor the right route the right pharmacy 11. Medication packages containing a single dose for a single patient are called: one-time-use packaging. dose packaging. single-patient packaging. unit packaging. 12. A medication that may deform or kill a fetus is called a: Category A drug. teratogenic drug. fetal risk drug. fundalgenic drug. 13. The ______ gives a good approximation of a child's weight based on his height. Roberts test Stanislav meter Weinstein ratio Broselow tape 14. How a drug interacts with the body to cause its effects is called: bioequivalence. pharmacokinetics. pharmacodynamics. pharmacology.

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15. Facilitated diffusion is: the process in which carrier proteins transport large molecules across the cell membrane. movement of a substance without the use of energy. movement of solute in a solution from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. 16. Movement of solvent in a solution from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is called: filtration. passive transport. osmosis. diffusion. 17. Which of the following is true regarding absorption? The body absorbs most drugs faster through intramuscular injection than through subcutaneous injection. Time-released medications may have an enteric coating that dissolves more readily in an acidic environment than in a more alkaline environment. The higher a drug's concentration, the slower the body will absorb it. No absorption needs to occur if a drug is injected intramuscularly, as it is already in the tissue. 18. Certain organs exclude some drugs from distribution. An example of this is the: arterial-venous barrier. endothelial barrier. blood-brain barrier. uterine-fetal barrier. 19. An example of the enteral route of drug administration is: sublingual. intravenous. subcutaneous. topical. 20. Drugs administered by the parenteral route are delivered: through the gastrointestinal tract. outside of the gastrointestinal tract. through an endotracheal or nasogastric tube. directly on the skin.

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21. Buccal administration of a drug is accomplished: by nasal spray. through a newborn's umbilical vein or artery. between the cheek and the gum. through an intraosseous needle. 22. A liquid form of a drug prepared using an alcohol extraction process is called a(n): solution. tincture. emulsion. spirit. 23. The force of attraction between a drug and a receptor is called: efficacy. binding. combining. affinity. 24. A drug's ability to cause the expected response is its: concentration. affinity. viability. efficacy. 25. An agonist is a drug that binds to a receptor: but does not cause it to initiate the expected response. and causes it to initiate the expected response. and stimulates some of its effects but blocks others. and causes a deformity on the binding site. 26. By developing a tolerance for morphine sulfate, a patient may develop a tolerance for other opioid agents. This is known as: tachyphylaxis. idiosyncrasy. cross tolerance. addiction. 27. An antagonist drug binds to a receptor: but does not cause it to initiate the expected response. and causes it to initiate the expected response. and stimulates some of its effects but blocks others. and causes a deformity on the binding site. 28. We use the analogy of a "lock and key" to describe drugs that: stimulate a receptor site. cause the body to increase the production of an substance. escort substances through cell membranes. reduce or eliminate an allergic reaction.

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29. The period from the time that a drug's level drops below its minimum effective concentration until it is eliminated from the body is called: duration of action. therapeutic index. termination of action. biologic half-life. 30. Age affects the drug-response relationship because: infants and the elderly have less body fat. the digestive process in infants and the elderly is not as efficient. medication noncompliance occurs frequently in the elderly. the liver and kidney functions of the elderly have begun to deteriorate. 31. Factors affecting the standard drug-response relationship include: the gravity of the medication. the consistency of the medication. time of administration. brand name vs. generic medications. 32. The unintended adverse response known as summation is due to: unintentionally taking too much of one drug. one drug's enhancing the effect of another drug. a direct biochemical interaction between two drugs. two drugs that both have the same effect being given together.

Part 2: Drug Classifications Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. ______ A. B. C. D. 1. Components of the central nervous system include: the autonomic nervous system. the brain and spinal cord. the "feed or breed" system. sensory nerves in the skin. 2. A drug that best demonstrates a class's common properties is called a(n): prototype. beta. omega. production. 3. The drug that best demonstrates the common properties of opioid agonists and illustrates their particular characteristics is: chloroform. morphine. heroin. codeine.

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4. An agent that enhances the effects of other drugs is a(n): secondary medication. peripheral medication. booster medication. adjunct medication. 5. The prototype opioid antagonist is: opium. Versed. Narcan. ibuprofen. 6. Which of the following statements regarding opioid agonistantagonist drugs is true? Respiratory depression is a common side effect in therapeutic doses. This class of drug is given in conjunction with other drugs to enhance their effects. This class of drug combines decreased sensation of pain with amnesia. This class of drug decreases pain response and has few respiratory depressant or addictive side effects. 7. The major difference between anesthetic and neuroleptanesthetic drugs is that the neuroleptanesthetic drugs: decrease pain sensation and produce amnesia while the patient remains conscious. induce a loss of all sensation, often impairing consciousness. are neuromuscular blocking agents that produce paralysis. include halothane, which is the prototype for this class of drug. 8. Benzodiazepines and barbiturates are the two main pharmacologic classes in the functional class of: antiseizure or antiepileptic drugs. analgesics and antagonists. antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic drugs. anesthetics. 9. The drug used primarily to treat absence seizures is: phenytoin. ethosuximide. phenobarbitol. carbamazepine. 10. The central nervous system stimulants known as the methylxanthines include: Ritalin. Dexedrine. theophylline. amphetamine sulfate.

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11. Methylphenidate is the most commonly prescribed drug for: asthma. congestive heart failure. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. motion sickness. 12. Muscle tremors and parkinsonism-like effects are common side effects of antipsychotic medications. These are known as: extrapyramidal symptoms. neuroleptic symptoms. psychotherapeutic symptoms. partial seizures. 13. The prototype phenothiazine drug is: Haldol. Thorazine. Benadryl. Ritalin. 14. Which of the following is true regarding phenothiazines and butyrophenones? Both have been the mainstays of psychiatry since the mid-1960s. These medications' therapeutic effects appear to come from blocking the alpha1 adrenergic receptors in the peripheral nervous system. Medications in this group block dopamine receptors. Both are used to treat allergies by blocking histamine receptors. 15. Acute dystonic reactions are treated with: atropine. epinephrine. Dilantin. diphenhydramine. 16. SSRIs are used primarily as: antiseizure medications. Parkinson's disease medications. antidepressant medications. bipolar disorder medications. 17. Which of the following is an MAO inhibitor? Nardil Paxil Zoloft Prozac 18. The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary actions is the: central nervous system. peripheral nervous system. somatic nervous system. autonomic nervous system.

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19. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in: pupillary dilation. secretion by digestive glands. increase in heart rate and cardiac contractile force. bronchodilation. 20. The two main types of acetylcholine receptors are: nicotinic and muscarinic. alpha1 and alpha2. beta1 and beta2. parasympathomimetic and parasympatholytic. 21. The acronym SLUDGE is helpful in remembering the effects of cholinergic medication. The effects include: sedation. lactation. urination. dilation. 22. The effects of an atropine overdose include the description: "cold as ice." "blind as a bat." "sane as a saint." "wet as water." 23. Drugs that produce a state of paralysis without affecting consciousness are: ganglionic stimulating agents. ganglionic blocking agents. neuromuscular blocking agents. anticholinergics. 24. Stimulation of the nerves leaving the collateral ganglia in the abdominal cavity causes: increased blood flow to the abdominal organs. increased digestive activity. relaxation of smooth muscle in the wall of the urinary bladder. retention of glucose stores in the liver. 25. Dopaminergic receptors, although not fully understood, are believed to cause: dilation of the renal, coronary, and cerebral arteries. constriction of peripheral arteries. an increase in respirations and blood flow to the respiratory system. constriction of the hepatic arteries. 26. Stimulation of the alpha1 receptors results in: increased heart rate. renin release. bronchodilation. arteriole and venous constriction.

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27. Stimulation of beta2 receptors results in: increased heart rate. inhibition of contractions of the uterus. increased cardiac contractility. mydriasis. 28. Terbutaline specifically targets: alpha1 receptors. alpha2 receptors. beta1 receptors. beta2 receptors. 29. Lidocaine and phenytoin belong to the class of: calcium channel blockers. potassium channel blockers. sodium channel blockers. beta blockers. 30. Procainamide is indicated in the treatment of: atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. torsade de pointes. hypertension. congestive heart failure. 31. An endogenous nucleoside with a very short half-life (about 10 seconds), with alarming side effects such as shortness of breath and chest pain, is: Lanoxin. magnesium. Adenocard. verapamil. 32. Which class of drugs is used to decrease blood pressure by decreasing the amount of circulating angiotensin II and decreasing peripheral vascular resistance? calcium channel blockers ACE inhibitors direct vasodilators adrenergic inhibiting agents 33. Drugs used to treat high blood cholesterol are called: vasculotensives. ACE inhibitors. LDLs. antihyperlipidemics. 34. Activase is used to: break down thrombi. dilate blood vessels to reduce blood pressure. decrease the formation of platelet plugs. interrupt the clotting cascade.

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35. Beta2 specific agents used to treat asthma-induced shortness of breath include: Proventil. theophylline. Flovent. Deltasone. 36. Medications that suppress the stimulus to cough in the central nervous system are called: antihistamines. expectorants. antitussives. mucolytics. 37. The hormone oxytocin causes uterine contraction and milk ejection. It is released by the: thyroid. pancreas. adrenal. posterior pituitary. 38. The substance that is secreted from the pancreatic islets by alpha cells and that increases blood glucose level is: insulin. glucagon. prolactin. luteinizing hormone. 39. A solution containing a modified pathogen that does not actually cause disease but still stimulates the development of antibodies specific to it is a(n): serum. vaccine. immunoglobulin. antibiotic. 40. The antidote for organophosphate poisoning is: epinephrine. lidocaine. Benadryl. atropine.