Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
13 elements are mainly from soils and any of them can Evidence, models
and explanation
become deficient depending on the soil condition and the
quantities needed by plants. Based on the quantity used Science as Inquiry:
by plants and the frequency of deficiency from the soil, the Understanding about
13 elements are divided into primary nutrients: nitrogen scientific inquiry
(N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K); secondary Abilities to do
nutrients: calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S); scientific inquiry
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
Performance Objectives
The student will
• describe the types of fertilizers used on golf courses.
• compare the different fertilization programs on greens, tees,
fairways, and roughs.
• describe two major ways to determine fertilizer requirement
• describe the fertilizer and pesticide fate.
• describe the environmental cautions needed when fertilizing
Materials Needed
For the class
• a rotary spreader
• five different fertilizers
For each small group of students
• an empty fertilizer ba g
For each student
• calculator and student sheet
Background Information
In order to have proper turfgrass growth and playing surface, fertilization is
needed. Fertilizing golf courses is one of the common practices used to maintain
a golf course. It requires sound knowledge of the turfgrass and the soil
conditions. Improper fertilization will cause serious environmental consequences
and even create new pollution sources. The fertilization programs vary depending
on the types of turfgrass, and the function of the area. The fertilization program
of a bermudagrass putting green is different from a creeping bentgrass putting
green. The fertilization program of a USGA specified putting green is different
from a natural soil putting green. In general, a soil test or a turfgrass tissue
analysis is conducted to determine the fertilization requirement. Normally, the
fertilization programs of different parts of a golf course are as follows:
Putting Greens. In general, a creeping bentgrass/annual bluegrass green in the
northern regions requires 4 to 6 lb N/1,000 sq. ft. per season. However, a
bermudagrass putting green may need 2 to 4 lb more nitrogen per season
because of its fast growth feature during the summer months. The fertilization
should be reduced during the summer months for a cool-season turfgrass green
while fertilization for bermudagrass should be reduced during the fall season.
Due to the winter over-seeding practice, a bermudagrass putting green will need
more fertilizers than a cool-season turfgrass green.
Tees and Fairways. Since more turfgrass species are suitable for tees and
fairways, the fertilization program will depend on the turfgrass species and the
management practice. In general, two to five pounds of nitrogen per 1,000
square feet is needed in order to have a good playing surface.
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
Roughs. The fertilization program is very similar to turfgrass lawns. Normally,
two to four pounds of nitrogen is required per 1,000 square feet per season (Refer
to the lesson" Fertilizing Lawns").
Fertigation is a practice used to fertilize a golf course when irrigating. The
fertilizer is mixed into the irrigation system. "Spoon feeding" is highly
recommended for golf course fertilization.
The major part of the fertilizers are taken up by the turfgrass. Under pr oper
practice, the leaching and runoff losses of fertilizers from a golf course are
minimal. Nitrogen is unstable in a soil. It can be lost by leaching, runoff,
denitrification (an anaerobic condition), or volatilization. Fertilizers and pesticides
applied to the golf course in general will not harm the environment. However,
caution should always be used to reduce the negative impact on the environment.
One of the improper fertilizations is excessive use of fertilizers. Excessive
fertilizers will cause a negative impact on the environment such as nutrient
leaching and runoff losses. The lost nutrients can become new pollution sources.
Turf burn occurs when excessive amounts of soluble fertilizers are applied.
Fertilizer acts like a salt and will dehydrate pl ant tissues if present in high
concentration. The excessive fertilizer draws moisture from plant tissues and
causes cell injury and possible irreversible tissue damage. This damage is similar
to drought damage. Any fertilizer may burn a turf if improperly applied.
Teacher Preparation
• Review the "Fertilizing Lawn" lesson.
• Collect three fertilizer samples (in small containers) from a golf course with the
label information for each sample:
Supplier:
Brand and name:
Analysis (N, P, and K):
Cost (per bag or unit):
Use (starting fertilizers or seasonal fertilizers):
• Collect five different fertilizer bags
Procedure
1. Explain the following terms of golf course fertilization.
2. Explain how to determine fertilizer needs for different parts of a golf courses.
3. Introduce fertilizer materials used for golf courses.
4. Explain how to select fertilizers.
5. Demonstrate how to calculate the amount and cost of a fertilizer.
6. Introduce the application methods.
7. Ask all students to describe the fertilizer samples provided and work on the
student sheet.
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
8. Show the students how to calculate fertilizer amounts and costs using the
following information:
A fertilizer of 19-3-7 is selected for the putting green. The required rate is 0.5 lb
N/1,000 sq. ft. Fertilizers are in 50 lb. bags and each bag costs $16.95. The total
green area for this golf course is 2.5 acres (an acre = 43,560 square feet)
What is the amount of fertilizer needed per 1000 square feet?
What is the amount of fertilizer needed per acre?
How many bags will be needed for all the greens of this golf course?
9. Divide the students in five small groups and give each group a fertilizer bag.
10. Ask the students to read the fertilizer bag and find out the information given
on the label.
Reflection
What elements are needed by turfgrasses?
How do you determine the type of fertilizer needed?
When can fertilizers be purchased?
Does the school turf need to be fertilized? Why or Why not?
What are the costs of fertilizers used for golf courses?
What is the fertilizer's fate?
Discuss the environment cautions that should be taken when fertilizing.
Enhancement
• Visit a golf course and observe a fertilization practice.
• Conduct a fertilizer application on a golf course.
• Visit more web sites with turf fertilization information.
• Help your parents fertilize the lawn around your house.
Assessment
Determine the students' performance based on
• the degree of accomplishment on the student sheet.
• the performance during the class or the field trip.
• the participation in the discussion and the reflection questions.
• the degree of accomplishment on the "Scoring Rubric".
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
fertilizer analysis:
fertilizer burn:
fertilizer:
inorganic fertilizers:
organic fertilizers:
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
Table 1. Enter the Information about the Five Fertilizer Samples Provided
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
Subjects or courses
that I can relate this
lesson to
The information of
this lesson can be
applied to
In summary, what I
learned
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
Ø Turfgrass uptake
Ø Losses by leaching and runoff
Ø Volatilization and evaporation
Ø Photo-degradation by the ultraviolet light
from the sun
Ø Hydrolysis
Ø Conversion to other compounds
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
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Unit V Golf Course Management Lesson 6
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