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No.

Signature
Candidate
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Paper Reference(s)

6102/01 Examiner’s use only

Edexcel GCE Team Leader’s use only

Biology
Advanced Subsidiary Question Leave
Number Blank

Unit Test 2B 1
Wednesday 10 January 2007 – Morning 2

Time: 1 hour 3
4
5
Materials required for examination Items included with question papers
Ruler Nil 6
7
8

Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and
signature.
Check that you have the correct question paper.
Answer ALL EIGHT questions in the spaces provided in this booklet.
Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units. Calculators may be used.
Include diagrams in your answers where these are helpful.

Information for Candidates

The marks for individual questions and parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
The total mark for this paper is 60.

Advice to Candidates
You will be assessed on your ability to organise and present information, ideas, descriptions and
arguments clearly and logically, taking account of your use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.

Total
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
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Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.

1. Read through the passage below on the heart, and then write on the dotted lines the most
appropriate word or words to complete the passage.

Contraction of the atria (atrial systole) is stimulated by an impulse generated by

the ................................................., situated in the wall of the right atrium.

The impulse reaches the walls of the ................................................. by means of the

bundle of His and Purkyne (Purkinje) fibres.

Oxygenated blood is supplied to the heart muscle by the .................................................

which branch directly from the aorta. Heart muscle contains a dense network

of ................................................., from which oxygen diffuses to the muscle. Q1

(Total 4 marks)

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2. The diagram below shows the structure of part of the ileum wall, as seen using the low
magnification of a light microscope.

Magnification ×40

(a) Name the parts labelled A, B and C.

A ....................................................................................

B ....................................................................................

C ....................................................................................
(3)

(b) Explain how the part labelled A assists in the absorption of glucose.

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(3) Q2

(Total 6 marks)

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3. (a) Explain how the properties of a haemoglobin molecule make it an efficient respiratory
pigment.

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(3)

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(b) The graph below shows an oxygen dissociation curve for adult human haemoglobin.

100 ±
)%( negyxo htiw nibolgomeah fo noitarutaS

80 ±

60 ±

40 ±

20 ±

0±
±

±
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Partial pressure of oxygen / kPa

(i) From the graph, find the partial pressure of oxygen at which the haemoglobin is
50% saturated with oxygen.

..........................................kPa
(1)

(ii) The dissociation curve for fetal haemoglobin is situated to the left of the
dissociation curve for adult haemoglobin. Explain the importance of this to the
developing fetus.

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(2) Q3

(Total 6 marks)

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4. (a) Describe the functions of each of the following hormones.

(i) Oestrogen ................................................................................................................

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(3)

(ii) Oxytocin .................................................................................................................

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(3)

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(b) The table below shows changes in the concentration of progesterone in the blood,
during the first 36 weeks of pregnancy.

Time / weeks 0 4 12 20 28 36

Concentration of progesterone
7 8 10 13 20 55
/ arbitrary units

(i) Describe the changes in the concentration of progesterone as shown in the table.

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(2)

(ii) Give two functions of progesterone.

1 ..............................................................................................................................

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2 ..............................................................................................................................

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(2) Q4

(Total 10 marks)

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5. (a) Explain what is meant by the term transpiration.

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(2)

(b) The photograph below shows a cross-section through a leaf of Erica, as seen using
the low magnification of a light microscope. Erica is adapted to living in dry
conditions.

Magnification ×60

(i) Suggest two ways in which the structure of this leaf is adapted to reduce
transpiration.

1 ..............................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

2 ..............................................................................................................................

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(2)

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(ii) Suggest three ways in which the leaf of a hydrophyte (a plant that lives in or on
water) differs from the leaf of Erica.

1 ..............................................................................................................................

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2 ..............................................................................................................................

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3 ..............................................................................................................................

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(3) Q5

(Total 7 marks)

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6. (a) The table below shows the effect of temperature on the volume of oxygen dissolved
in freshwater, in equilibrium with atmospheric air.

Volume of oxygen
Temperature / °C dissolved / cm3 of oxygen
per dm3 of water
0 10.29

10 8.02

15 7.22

20 6.57

30 5.57

(i) Describe the relationship between temperature and the volume of oxygen
dissolved in water, as shown in the table.

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(2)

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(ii) Suggest why many species of fish found in tropical areas come to the surface of
water to obtain oxygen directly from the air.

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(3)
(b) The diagram below shows Amoeba, a single-celled organism found living in
freshwater.

Magnification ×80
Describe how gas exchange occurs in Amoeba.

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(2) Q6

(Total 7 marks)

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7. (a) Explain what is meant by the term pollination.

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(2)

(b) The diagram below shows a vertical section through a bluebell flower.

P
R

Magnification ×4

(i) Name the parts labelled P and Q.

P ......................................................................

Q .....................................................................
(2)

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(ii) Suggest how the parts labelled Q and R are involved in the pollination of this
flower.

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(4) Q7

(Total 8 marks)

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8. (a) The diagram below shows the structure of part of the human breathing system.

Name the parts labelled A and B.

A ................................................................................

B ................................................................................
(2)

(b) Describe how the process of inspiration (breathing in) is brought about.

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(3)

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(c) The table below shows the percentage of oxygen in inspired air and in alveolar air.

Air Percentage of oxygen (%)

Inspired 20.71

Alveolar 13.20

Suggest an explanation for the difference in the percentage of oxygen in inspired air
and in alveolar air.

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(2)

QUESTION 8 CONTINUES ON THE NEXT PAGE

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(d) Describe how alveoli are adapted for the function of gas exchange.

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(5) Q8

(Total 12 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER: 60 MARKS

END

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