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Purpose
The purpose of this policy is to provide University Faculty, Staff, and Students with guidance in the safe and proper storage and handling of Hazardous Materials. While this document does not cover all regulatory requirements concerning the handling and storage of hazardous materials, it is a good starting point. More information is available in the references listed below. C ontact the FSU Department of Environmental Health and Safety at 644-6895 for help in accessing these references. Back to Index
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instantaneous release of gas and heat. C ompressed Gas - a substance in gas or liquid form contained in a vessel under pressure. This includes cylinders, lecture bottles, and aerosol cans. These substances may be flammable, non-flammable, or poisonous. C ryogenics - substances which are extremely cold such as liquid nitrogen, liquid helium and dry ice. These substances may also become asphyxiation hazards if spilled in non-ventilated areas. Radioactive - any material having a specific activity greater than 0.002 microcuries per gram (uC i/g). See FSU Radiation Safety Manual for use of radioactive materials. Biomedical - tissues, organs, and blood from humans and primates. Sryinges, needles, sharps, and other objects containing materials above. Back to Index
Training Requirements
University personnel working with any of the hazardous materials listed above must receive Hazard C ommunication Training, also known as "Right-To-Know Training". EH&S will provide general hazard communication training; however, supervisors must train subordinates about specific hazards in their areas. Other training may be required as dictated by Federal and State regulations. Training sessions for Laboratory Safety, and Hazardous Waste Disposal are offered by FSU EH&S as well. Specific training requirements are outlined in other sections of the FSU Safety Manual. Back to Index
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Personal protection devices must be provided and worn in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations indicated on the label of the product or as stated in the Material Safety Data Sheet for the product. Spill Procedures Hazardous chemical spills can be handled effectively when plans of action have been developed. Spill procedures should include the following: the potential location of possible spills; the quantities of material that might be released; chemical and physical properties of the material. This information may be obtained from the Material Safety Data Sheet or label; hazardous properties of the material (consult the MSDS); the types of personal protection equipment that may be needed for cleanup; location and contents of spill kits that should be made available where possible. These kits might include the following: neutralizing agents such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium bisulfite absorbents such as vermiculite, "super sorb," or absorbant pillows or dikes. Paper towels, rags and sponges may be used, but caution should be exercised because some chemicals may ignite upon contact with them; plastic scoops and shovels, disposable mops, disposable protective clothing and containers to receive the spilled material and all items used in the cleanup The following general procedure may be used, but should be tailored to the individual needs of the handlers and the specific hazard associated with the hazardous material: If the spilled material is flammable, turn off ignition and heat sources. Attend to any person who may have been contaminated (see First Aid). Notify individuals in the area about the spill. Evacuate nonessential personnel. Avoid breathing vapors of spilled material. Establish an exhaust or ventilation, if it is safe to do so. Air handling units are not to be used because they re-circulate the hazardous vapors. C ontact EH&S for information about the proper ventilation or exhaust required. If a spill is relatively large, or involves a highly toxic material, a carcinogen or flammable material, contact EH&S for assistance in cleaning up the spill and disposing of the hazardous waste resulting from the cleanup. Back to Index
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Back to Index
Appendix Appendix 1
Short list of incompatible materials Do Not C ontact ALKALI METALS such as calcium, potassium, and sodium with: water, carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, and other chlorinated hydrocarbons. AC ETONE with: concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid mixtures. AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS with: mercury, halogens, calcium hypochlorite, or hydrogen fluoride. AC ETIC AC ID with: chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl containing compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloric acid, peroxides, and permanganates. AC ETYLENE with: copper (tubing), fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine, silver, mercury, or their compounds. AMMONIUM NITRATE with: acids, metal powders, flammable liquids, chlorates, nitrates, sulfur, and finely divided organics or other combustibles. BROMINE with: ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, butane, hydrogen, sodium carbide, turpentine, or finely divided metals. C HROMIC AC ID with: acetic acid, naphthalene, camphor, alcohol, glycerine, turpentine, and other flammable liquids. C YANIDES with: acids.
ANILINE with: nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, or other strong oxidizing substances. C HLORATES with: ammonium salts, acids, metal powders, sulfur, carbon, finely divided organics or other combustibles. C HLORINE with: ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, benzene and other petroleum fractions, hydrogen, sodium carbides, turpentine, and finely divided metals.
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generally, with: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, p>with: acetylene or ammonia. chromic acid, or sodium peroxide. MERC URY NITRIC AC ID
with: acetylene, fluminic acid, or hydrogen. with: acetic, chromic, or hydrocyanic acids, aniline, carbon, hydrogen sulfide, flammable liquids or gases, or other substances which are readily nitrated. OXYGEN with: oils greases, hydrogen, flammable liquids, solids, or gases. PERC HLORIC AC ID with: acetic anhydride, bismuth and its alloys, alcohol, paper, wood, and other organic materials. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE with: glycerine, ethylene glycol, benzaldehyde, or sulfuric acid. OXALIC AC ID with: silver or mercury PHOSPHOROUS PENTOXIDE with: water.
SODIUM PEROXIDE with: any oxidizable substances, for instance: methanol, glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, benzaldehyde, carbon disulfide, glycerine, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, furfural, etc.
SULFURIC AC ID with: chlorates, perchlorates, permanganates, and water NOTE: This list is not a complete list of incompatible materials. It contains some of the more common incompatible materials. Always research the materials you work with in order to be safe. Back to Index
Appendix 2
Hazardous Waste Accumulation Point Requirements Please, post this notice at your accumulation point and ensure that it remains in place. All chemical containers must be properly labeled. Hazardous waste containers must be marked with the words Hazardous Waste and the chemical and/or chemicals in question. In addition, for those containers with mixtures, a breakdown of the components by percentage or volume is critical to proper disposal (i.e. organic solvent container of 1 gallon of Acetone, 0.5 gallon of Hexanes, 0.5 gallon of Ethyl Acetate). All hazardous wastes shall be collected in sealable containers. Foil or film closures are not acceptable. Do not put hazardous wastes into sinks, drains, or the trash. The waste must be compatible with other wastes in the container, and with the type of container it is stored in. The exterior of the container must be free of chemical contamination. Leaking containers will not be picked up. Store containers of incompatible waste apart from each other (i.e. keep oxidizers away from flammable solvents). Also consider safe temperature storage requirements. Containers shall be kept closed during accumulation except when adding waste to a container. EH&S provides 5 gallon safety containers for hazardous waste solvent accumulation. Container tag instructions shall be followed. It is important to separate halogenated and non-halogenated solvents. In other words, please do not pour halogenated solvents into the non-halogenated solvent container. Keep acids, bases, heavy metals and pesticides from solvent containers. These steps are critical for safety and proper disposal. All chemicals placed in any hazardous waste container must be compatible. You shall not accumulate more than 55 gallons of waste (or 1 quart of acutely hazardous waste) at any one time. The allowable quantity for flammable liquids is less than 55 gallons. To keep the waste accumulation at a level much less than 55 gallons, EH&S provides 5 gallon safety solvent containers.
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Keep the waste containers near the process generating the waste. Keep open flame and ignition sources away from all chemicals, especially hazardous waste and chemical containers. NO SMOKING RULES APPLY. Do not overfill waste containers. Leave enough headspace to allow for expansion and to prevent spills. Designate an accumulation point manager and an alternate. Keep all containers properly labeled and complete all requested information on the Hazardous Waste C ontainer Tag. Inspect waste containers weekly for leaks and proper labeling. This must be documented. If the tag or container is not properly labeled the container cannot be picked up for disposal. All employees working in the area must have had HAZCOM/RIGHT-TO-KNOW TRAINING. All employees and students responsible for hazardous waste generation must have had HAZARDOUS WASTE AWARENESS AND HANDLING TRAINING. Dispose of PEROXIDE FORMING CHEMICALS (i.e. Ethers, Dioxanes, Tetrahydrofuran) before the expiration date written on the label. Realize that certain chemicals with the passage of time can become shock-sensitive explosives. Attention to this detail could save someone's life, and will save the University a significant amount of time and money. Your assistance is needed to prevent the generation of UNKNOWN CHEMICALS. Unknown chemicals are a safety hazard and cost a great deal to identify and dispose of. Proper labeling, inventory, and reporting, especially for those who may be leaving the University, would eliminate a great deal of this problem. EH&S requires that departments make every effort to identify unknown wastes. A special consultation with EH&S will be required before unknown waste will be picked up. Please call the Hazardous Materials Manager at 644-6895. It is critical that every effort be made to fully and correctly identify all chemical constituents and their respective concentrations on the container labels. Incorrectly labeled containers could result in improper disposal and subsequent fines being assessed to the University. An improper label could also cause serious and potentially fatal injuries to both laboratory and EH&S personnel. C ontainer labels can be obtained free of charge by calling EH&S at 644-6895. For Hazardous Waste Pick-up Service call EH&S at 644-6895. Your waste will be picked up as soon as possible after the request is received. Major laboratory chemical clean-outs must be planned well in advance of waste removal. To arrange for this service please call EH&S at 644-6895. Radioactive Materials are managed and disposed of by Radiation Safety. For information please call 644-8801. NEVER MIX HAZARDOUS AND RADIOAC TIVE WASTE. All FIRES regardless of size must be reported to the FSU Police by telephone (911) and by pulling the fire alarm pull station. All FIRE EXTINGUISHERS used for any fire or discharged to any degree must be reported immediately to EH&S 644-6895 for service. All CHEMICAL SPILLS AND OR RELEASES must be cleaned up properly and safely. All spills must be reported to EH&S at 644-6895. All spills in amounts greater than 1/2 Liter or 1 pound, or of any acutely hazardous materials, require a response by EH&S personnel. Any size spill directly to the ground or water must be immediately reported to EH&S. After normal working hours EH&S personnel can be contacted by calling the FSU Police at 644-1234 or dialing 911. If you have questions, please call EH&S at 644-6895 and ask for the Hazardous Materials Manager. Please post this notice at your accumulation point and ensure that in remains in place! Back to Index
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amides, nitrates, nitrites, azides, nitric acid. hydroxides, oxides, silicates, carbonates, carbon. sulfides, selenide, phophides, carbides, nitrides. chlorates, perchlorates, perchloric acid, chlorites, hypochlorites, peroxides, hydrogen peroxide. arsenates, cyanides, cyanates. borates, chromates, manganates, permanganates. Organic: acids, anhydrides, peracids alcohols, glycols, amines, amides, imines, imides. hydrocarbons, esters, aldehydes. ethers, ketones, detenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethylene oxide. epoxy compounds, isocyanates. peroxides, hydroperoxides, azides. sulfides, polysulfides, sulfoxides, nitriles. phenols, cresols. Liquids should be stored in unbreakable or double-contained packaging, or the storage cabinet should have the capacity to hold the contents if the container breaks. Avoid floor chemical storage (even temporary). C hemicals should be stored no higher than eye level and never on the top shelf of a storage unit. Shelf assemblies should be firmly secured to the walls. Avoid island shelves. Each shelf should have an anti-roll lip. Store acids in a dedicated acid cabinet. Nitric acid may be stored there also, if it is kept isolated from the others. Store severe poisons in a dedicated poison cabinet. All chemicals should be labeled and dated. Look for unusual conditions in chemical storage areas, such as: improper storage of chemicals leaking or deteriorating containers spilled chemicals temperature extremes (too hot or cold in storage area) lack of or low lighting levels blocked exits or aisles doors blocked open, lack of security trash accumulation smoking or open lights or matches fire equipment blocked, broken or missing lack of information or warning signs ("No Smoking", "Flammable Liquids", "Acids", "C orrosives", "Poisons", C hemical Storage") Any of these conditions should be corrected immediately. Inspections of chemical storage areas on a routine basis will help to correct deficiencies and prevent accidents. Back to Index
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Halides, Sulfates, Sulfites, Thiosulfates Phosphates, etc. Amides, Nitrates (not ammonium nitrate), Nitrites, etc. Metals, Hydrides (store away from water) Hydroxides, Oxides, Silicates, etc. Arsenates, C yanides (store above acids) Sulfides, Selenides, Phosphides, C arbides, Nitrides Manganates, C hromates, Permanganates, Borates C hlorates, C hlorites, Perchlorates, Peroxides, Perchloric acid Acids. except nitric. (store acids in dedicated cabinets) Back to Index
DANGEROUS: Discard after one year. Peroxide formation hazard during storage and on concentration (i.e. distillation) of compound. diethyl ether tetrahydrofuran dioxane acetal methyl isobutyl ketone ethylene glycol dimethyl ether vinyl ethers Safety Hints dicyclopentadiene diacetylene methyl acetylene cumene tetrahydronaphthalene cyclohexene methylcyclopentane
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2. 3. 4.
1. Do not purchase these compounds in quantities greater than can be used in the specified storage time period.
References
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Hazard C ommunication Standard (OSHA) 29 C FR 1910.1200, C hapter 442 F.S., Rule 38I-20.003 F.A.C . Hazardous Waste Management (EPA) 40 C FR Parts 260-299, Rule 62-730 F.A.C . Occupational Exposure to Hazardous C hemicals in Laboratories (OSHA) 29 C FR 1910.1450, Rule 38I- 20.003 F.A.C . Safety in Academic C hemistry Laboratories"; American C hemical Society, Washington D.C .,1991. Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous C hemicals in Laboratories; National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C ., 1981. "Flammable and C ombustible Liquids C ode"; NFPA Standard 30, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1992 li Back to Index
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