CDMA Material

Flexent
CDMA Distributed Base Station

Operations, Administration, and Maintenance
Release 19.0
401-703-369
Issue 5
Lucent Technologies - Proprietary July 2002
This document contains proprietary information of
Lucent Technologies and is not to be disclosed or used
except in accordance with applicable agreements
Copyright © 2002 Lucent Technologies

Unpublished and Not for Publication
All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 2002 Lucent Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
This material is protected by the copyright and trade secret laws of the United States and other countries. It may not be reproduced, distributed, or altered in any fashion by
any entity (either internal or external to Lucent Technologies), except in accordance with applicable agreements, contracts or licensing, without the express written
consent of Lucent Technologies and the business management owner of the material.
Notice
Every effort was made to ensure that the information in this information product (IP) was complete and accurate at the time of printing. However, information is subject
to change. Any product references to MicroMini Cell, Microminicell, MMC or Hydra should be understood to be the same as product references to CDBS and are only
different as a result of a name change to the product. This information is provided for clarification in the event that written documentation and user screens are not
represented in the same way.
Mandatory customer information
Part 1 of FCC rules

This equipment has been tested and found to comply within limits.
Part 2 of FCC rules
Part 15 of FCC rules
Industry Canada RSS-102
Industry Canada RSS-133
Industry Canada ICES-003
Trademarks
5ESS is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.
Adobe is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Incorporated.
AUTOPLEX is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.
Flexent is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.
Ordering information
The ordering number for this document is 401-703-369. To order this or other Lucent Technologies information products, see “To obtain documentation, training, and
technical support or submit feedback” on the 401-010-001 Flexent®/AUTOPLEX® Wireless Networks System Documentation CD-ROM or the documentation Web site
at https://wireless.support.lucent.com/amps/rls_info/rls_doc/cd_docs/customer.support/customer.support_toc.pdf.wen.
Support
Technical support
For technical support, see “To obtain documentation, training, and technical support or submit feedback” on the 401-010-001 Flexent®/AUTOPLEX® Wireless
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customer.support_toc.pdf.wen.
Developed by Lucent Learning
Lucent Technologies - Proprietary

See notice on first page
Contents
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About this information product
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1 Hardware and network introduction
The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station 1-3

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station hardware architecture overview1-7
FCC statements for cellular applications of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station1-9
FCC statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station1-10
Industry Canada statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station1-11
External structure 1-12
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station components 1-13
Differences between Cellular and PCS Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Stations1-18
Differences between indoor and outdoor Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Stations1-19
3G-1X capabilities 1-20
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401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary C O N T E N T S
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2 Signal flow and component descriptions
RF signal flow and components description

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station buses 2-4
Inter-BBU cables 2-5
Test ports/signals 2-6
Input/Output Card (IOC) 2-7
Facilities interface (T1/E1) 2-9
CDMA Radio Controller (CRC) 2-11
CDMA Channel Unit (CCU) 2-14
Fiberoptic Module (FOM) 2-18
Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR) 2-20
Transmit amplifier 2-23
Filter panels 2-25
Receive and transmit antennas 2-27
Reference signal flow and components

GPS antenna 2-32
Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU) 2-33
Oscillator Module (OM) 2-35
Shared GPS antenna 2-36
Component functions summary 2-38
Power distribution and components description

BBU power converter units 2-40
RFU PCU 2-41
Optional battery backup 2-42
Maintenance flow and components

Measurement Module (MM) 2-44
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C O N T E N T S Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
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3 User interfaces
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station documentation

Schematic diagrams 3-3
Customer documentation 3-6
Documents of interest 3-7
Base station user interfaces

How to choose the right tool 3-9
ECP-based interface: Recent Change/Verify (RC/V) screens

RC/V Access Manager forms 3-12
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station RC/V forms 3-15
ECP-based interface: craftshell interface and Read-Only Printer (ROP) basics

Craftshell command syntax 3-19
Common craftshell commands - configuration request 3-20
Common craftshell commands - operational status 3-22
Common craftshell commands - inventory command 3-23
Common craftshell commands - remove command 3-24
Common craftshell commands - restore command 3-25
Common craftshell commands - stop command 3-26
Common craftshell commands - diagnose command 3-27
Output messages 3-28
Read-Only Printer (ROP) 3-29
ECP-based interface: Status Display Pages (SDPs)

Video states of SDP display 3-32
Status Display Page (SDP) appearance 3-33
SDP system architecture 3-35
Application processor Command Line Interface (CLI)

Access the EMS CLI 3-38
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Issue 5, July 2002 Use pursuant to company instructions iii
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4 Routine maintenance
Maintenance overview
Maintenance 4-3
Maintenance hierarchy 4-5
Safety recommendations
Precautionary steps 4-7
Laser/Light Emitting Diode (LED) safety guidelines 4-8
Maintenance records and equipment

Required records and equipment 4-11
Maintenance equipment 4-12
Routine maintenance
Maintenance schedule 4-14
Maintenance records 4-15
Drive testing 4-16
Performance measurements 4-17
Audits 4-18
Automated tests overview 4-19
Board Level Self Test (BLST) 4-20
Routine diagnostics 4-21
RF tests 4-25
RF transmit power verification 4-28
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5 Corrective maintenance
Fault detection
Principles of corrective maintenance 5-3
Hardware Error Handling (HEH) strategy 5-5
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iv Use pursuant to company instructions Issue 5, July 2002
Alarms
Base station alarm description 5-8
BBU power alarms 5-10
TFU and OM alarms 5-11
CRC alarms 5-12
CCU alarms 5-13
IOC alarms 5-14
FOM alarms 5-15
Intrusion alarm 5-16
RFU LEDs 5-17
RFU PCU alarms 5-18
PCBR alarms 5-19
Measurement Module (MM) alarms 5-20
Transmit amplifier alarms 5-21
Frame alarms 5-22
User alarms 5-25
Alarm testing 5-27
Fault isolation - diagnostic tests

Fault isolation principles 5-31
Component diagnostics 5-33
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6 Replace components and repair a base station
BBU troubleshooting
Power cycle the BBU 6-4
Reseat/replace the FOM 6-5
Reseat/replace the CRC 6-7
Replace the AC-DC or DC-DC power units 6-9
Replace the TFU 6-11
Replace a CCU 6-13
Replace the IOC and OM 6-16
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Issue 5, July 2002 Use pursuant to company instructions v
RFU troubleshooting
Potential scenarios 6-19
Power cycle the suspect RFU 6-21
Logically swap the suspect RFU 6-23
Replace the fiberoptic cable 6-25
Replace the RFU 6-26
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7 Configuration management (software updates, growth and degrowth procedures)
Before you begin

References 7-3
Translations 7-5
Configuration options 7-6
Base station initialization and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) update

Base station initialization or RCS reboot 7-8
Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) 7-10
NVM update 7-13
Growth procedures
RC/V database updates 7-18
Integrate the base station into the network 7-30
Grow a single carrier or sector

RC/V database updates 7-35
Degrowth procedures
Degrow a single carrier or sector 7-37
Degrow a base station 7-38
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A DIP switch verification
BBU DIP switches A-2
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GL Glossary 1
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vi Use pursuant to company instructions Issue 5, July 2002
About this information product
Purpose This information product (IP) provides a description of the Flexent

CDMA Distributed Base Station, along with information on its
operation, administration, and maintenance.
Reason for reissue This IP is reissued for changes due to the MM-AP and the CCU-II.
Safety labels Various safety labels and cautionary notes are found in this IP. An
example of typical safety label format is shown below.
CAUTION
Hazard type
Describe here what damage may result if the following
precautions are not taken.
Avoidance message:
1. Do this.
2. And then do this.
Intended audience The audience for this IP consists of Flexent CDMA Distributed Base
Station technicians.
How to use this The following table provides examples of some of the typographical
information product conventions used in this IP.
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401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary vii
Issue 5, July 2002 See notice on first page
Commands Bold, constant width font
Document references Cell Site Diagnostic Description, 401-
660-101
Related documentation For related documentation, refer to the list below.
Lucent documents
Cell Site Diagnostic Description (401-660-101)
Cell Site I/O Manual (401-610-107)
Recommended Spare Parts, Tools, and Test Equipment (401-610-120)
System Description and Planning Guide (401-610-006)
Related training For related training, refer to the list below.
Lucent courses
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station Operation, Administration,
and Maintenance (CL5820c)
To obtain technical The 401-010-001 Flexent®/AUTOPLEX® Wireless Networks

support, documentation Systems Documentation CD-ROM and Web site provide a “To obtain
and training or submit documentation, training, and technical support or send feedback”
feedback
document. That document explains how to:
• Obtain technical support
• Register as an authorized user of the Lucent Technologies
customer technical support Web site
• Access the most current AMPS/PCS and related 5ESS® Digital
Cellular Switch (DCS) documentation on the site
• Order system and product documentation
• Order Lucent Technologies training products or register for
classroom training courses
• Submit comments and feedback about documentation and
training.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
viii Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
See notice on first page Issue 5, July 2002
1 Hardware and network
introduction
Overview
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Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the wireless

network and the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
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401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 1 - 1
Hardware and network introduction
Contents The topics covered in this chapter are as follows.
Overview 1-1
The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station 1-3
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station hardware 1-7

architecture overview
FCC statements for cellular applications of the Flexent 1-9

FCC statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA 1 - 10

Distributed Base Station
Industry Canada statements for PCS applications of the 1 - 11

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
External structure 1 - 12
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station components 1 - 13
Differences between Cellular and PCS Flexent CDMA 1 - 18

Distributed Base Stations
Differences between indoor and outdoor Flexent CDMA 1 - 19

Distributed Base Stations
3G-1X capabilities 1 - 20
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1 - 2 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station

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Network view of the Flexent The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station is the network element
CDMA Distributed Base responsible for the operation of the air interface of a switching center to
Station a mobile terminal. The base station’s position in the network is shown
below.
Flexent CDMA
Structure of the network The switching center is composed of these elements:

• A 5ESS® Digital Cellular Switch (DCS), which provides
interface with the land lines
• An Executive Cellular Processor Complex (ECPC), which
controls the wireless network
• An Operation Management Platform (OMP), which allows
multiple users to access the user interface functions of the ECP.
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Stations are connected via DS1
facilities to the DCS. Control information to the base station comes
from a Radio Cluster Server (RCS) through signaling links that are
assigned, in translations, to DS0 channels of the T1/E1. These channels
are derived from the DS1 facilities and routed through the 5ESS
Switch.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Radio Cluster Servers (RCSs), application processors, and cell

sites
Two components are essential to the operation of a Flexent CDMA
Distributed Base Station:
• RCS - located at the switching center and running on an
application processor
• Base station - the combination of a Flexent CDMA Distributed
Base Station and antenna subsystem.
RCS The RCS provides coordination and control of the individual cell sites
associated with it. There is one RCS per Flexent CDMA Distributed
Base Station.
RCSs are application instances that run on application processors.
Application processors are high-performance general computer nodes
located at the switching center that simultaneously execute several
RCS application instances.
There are two existing AP platforms:
• First generation Application Processor (AP)
• Mobility Manager Application Processor (MM-AP).
Important! In this document, the generic term “application

processor” refers to both the first generation AP and the MM-AP.
First generation Application Processor (AP) description

Each first generation AP consists of a central processing unit (CPU)
and Ethernet and DS1 interfaces. The Flexent architecture supports up
to eight APs in an Application Processor Frame (APF).
The Application Processor Cluster (APC) software architecture
consists of the layers described below.
• AP Golden Image software
– HP-UX operating system software
– AP operating system configuration and setup information,
such as disk partitioning and kernel parameters
– Device drivers, such as drivers for the Ethernet and DS1
interfaces
• Flexent AP platform software
– Reliable Clustered Computing (RCC) software package
– AP support (platform) software package
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Flexent application software

– The RCS application is the software that performs the call-
processing and OA&M functions for Flexent base stations.
One RCS that is paired across two APs can support one
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station. An AP pair can
host up to ten active and ten standby RCSs.
For more information on the AP, refer to Flexent Application
Processor Cluster (APC) Operation, Administration, and Maintenance
(OA&M) (401-710-101).
Second generation Mobility Manager Application Processor (MM-

AP) description
The second generation MM-AP, introduced in ECP Release 17.0, uses a
Sun-based platform called the Flexent Mobility Server (FMS). The
FMS provides a more powerful, more reliable, and more flexible
platform, which is at the core of numerous Lucent Technologies’
wireless solutions.
The FMS-based application processor is referred to as the Mobility
Manager Application Processor (MM-AP), after the collection of
software that runs on it. The MM-AP and its applications take over
functions previously performed by the ECP and its ring nodes, resulting
in improved performance for both the ECP and the applications
migrating to the MM-AP.
Important! The MM-AP is an optional feature. Service

providers electing to install MM-APs must first retrofit their ECP,
OMP, and any APs to ECP Release 17.0. Installation of the MM-
APs is performed after the Release 17.0 generic retrofit.
The software architecture of the MM-AP consists of the layers
described below:
• FMS Golden Image software
• MM-AP platform software
• Mobility Manager application software.
Important! The RCS software can only be installed on an MM-

AP 400S server within a growth frame, and the RCS software is
the only software that can reside on that particular server.
For more information on the MM-AP, refer to Flexent Wireless
Networks Mobility Manager Application Processor Cluster (MM-APC)
Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-201).
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Flexent CDMA Distributed The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station provides radio
Base Station functionality for a geographical area, which can be served by an
multidirectional antenna system.
In the forward direction, the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
performs the tasks listed below.
1. Channel coding
2. Modulation
3. Radio Frequency (RF) upconversion
4. RF amplification
5. Transmission of the traffic over-the-air to the mobile terminal in
accordance with the parameters sent down from the RCS
In the reverse direction, the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
performs the tasks listed below.
1. Receives the traffic from the mobile terminal
2. RF down-conversion
3. Demodulates the traffic signal
4. Decodes the traffic signal
5. Sends the traffic signal to the DCS
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Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station hardware architecture

overview
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Introduction The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station has been designed to
provide a compact, low-cost base station with flexible mounting
options to the Flexent product line.
Base station features The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station supports the features
listed below.
• Two basic modules [the RF Unit (RFU) and the Baseband Unit
(BBU)] to allow for modular growth
• Fiber connections between the BBU and RFU to allow for
distributed mounting schemes
• Front access of the BBU for field upgrades and repairs
• Treatment of the RFU as Field Replaceable Unit (FRU)
• Variety of mounting options, which include pole, tower, and wall
mounting
• Utilization of up to two T1/E1 lines to exchange traffic and control
data with the switch
• Support of up to 384 CDMA channel elements per BBU (two per
carrier/face for overhead channels and the remainder for traffic
channels)
• Operation in PCS and Cellular frequency bands
• Provides 16 watts of output power in the PCS band and 20 watts
of output power in the Cellular band
Base stations deployed prior to Release 18.0 provide 16 watts of
output power in the Cellular band. These base stations are still
supported, but new deployments will incorporate the 20 watt
amplifier.
• Sector and carrier configurations:
– One sector, 1-2 carrier
– Two sector, 1-2 carrier
– Three sector, 1-2 carrier
• Support of simplex or duplex antenna configurations
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Support of antenna sharing among RFUs on a given sector, so an

additional carrier can be added without the use of additional
antennas
• Support of local and remote service provider diagnostics and
alarm analysis capabilities
• Close-loop transmit gain control for transmit power stability
• Future growth to omni sector
• Future growth to CDMA 2000 applications.
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FCC statements for cellular applications of the Flexent CDMA

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
FCC part 1 statement Pursuant to part 1 section 1.1310, all installations must be evaluated for
requirements contained in Table 1 “Limits for maximum permissible
exposure” of section 1.1310. Any antennas used for this transmitter are
to be fixed-mounted on indoor/outdoor permanent structures to provide
appropriate separation distances from all persons to satisfy RF
exposure requirements. RF exposure compliance is addressed at the
time of licensing, as required by the responsible FCC Bureaus,
including antenna co-location requirements of 1.1307(b)(3).
FCC part 2 statement This device complies with part 2 of the FCC rules.
FCC part 15 statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These
limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and, if not used in
accordance with instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will
not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and
off, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by the
following measure:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
FCC statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
FCC part 1 statement Pursuant to part 1 section 1.1310, all installations must be evaluated for
requirements contained in Table 1 “Limits for maximum permissible
exposure” of section 1.1310. Any antennas used for this transmitter are
to be fixed-mounted on indoor/outdoor permanent structures to provide
appropriate separation distances from all persons to satisfy RF
exposure requirements. RF exposure compliance is addressed at the
time of licensing, as required by the responsible FCC Bureaus,
including antenna co-location requirements of 1.1307(b)(3).
FCC part 15 statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These
limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and, if not used in
accordance with instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will
not occur in a particular installation.
following measure:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Industry Canada statements for PCS applications of the Flexent

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RF exposure statement The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must be fixed-mounted on
outdoor permanent structures. RF exposure compliance as required by
RSS-102 is addressed under Health Canada’s “Limits of Exposure to
Radio Frequency Fields at Frequencies from 10 kHz to 300 GHz,
Safety Code 6” at the time of application for site-specific Type 1 station
authorization.
Industry Canada Radio This device complies with Canada’s Radio Standards Specification for
Standards Specification for PCS: RSS-133.
PCS statement
Industry Canada This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for
Interference-Causing a class B digital apparatus, pursuant to ICES-003 of the Industry
Equipment Standard - Canada rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
ICES-003 statement
assurance against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency energy, and, if
not used in accordance with instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
measure described below.
• Reorient or relocate the receive antenna.
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External structure
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
External view The external structure of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station is
shown below.
External features The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station has the external features
listed below:
• All external connectors are located at the bottom of the RFU and
BBU
• Fiberoptic cables between BBU and RFU.
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Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station components

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Components diagram The internal components of a Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
are shown below.
Maintenance Units (MUs) A component is considered to be a Maintenance Unit (MU) if it can be

and Field Replaceable removed from service and restored to service by a technician.
Units (FRUs)
A component is considered to be a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) if it
can be replaced in the field.
BBU components The Baseband Unit (BBU) contains the digital hardware necessary to
support three-sector carriers. The BBU provides the interconnection for
clock signals and the peripheral bus between modules. An open BBU is
shown on the next page.
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The table below describes the components of the BBU.

Component Function Quantity MU and/or FRU
CDMA Radio Handles maintenance and call processing, and the 1 MU and FRU
Controller (CRC) low-level High-level Data Link Control (HDLC)
protocol processing of the packet pipes and
signaling links.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

CDMA Channel Provide channel coding and decoding functions. 1-6 MU and FRU
Units (CCUs)
Timing and Provides the reference frequency and CDMA 1 MU and FRU
Frequency Unit clocks used by the CDMA specific components,
(TFU) and contains a GPS unit to provide CDMA network
synchronization. A second TFU can be provisioned
as a spare if a second BBU is available, but cannot
be provisioned in a third BBU.
Oscillator Module Provides a 15-MHz signal from a crystal oscillator 1 FRU
(OM) to the timing and frequency unit.
Fiberoptic Module Provides near-end termination of the fiberoptic 1 FRU
(FOM) links to the RFUs, and distribution of TFU clocking
among the BBUs.
Power units Provides AC-DC and DC-DC power conversion in 1 FRU
separate modules.
Input/Output Card Provides connectors for the OM to interface with 1 FRU
(IOC) the backplane, an external interface for the BBU
CDMA clock test port signals, a physical switch to
enable/disable CDMA clock test ports, Voice,
ETHERNET, and peripheral bus ports, two ports
for inter-BBU connection, and the physical
transmitter disable switches that control the on/off
transmitter of the PCBR.
GPS Antenna Receives the timing signal to synchronize the 1 FRU
CDMA network.
RFU components The RF Unit (RFU) contains the RF hardware necessary to support a
one-sector carrier. One BBU can connect with up to three remotely
located RFUs via dedicated fiberoptic links. An open RFU is shown on
the next page.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The RFU as a FRU
Important! The entire RFU is treated as a FRU. The RFU is

calibrated at the factory as a complete unit to ensure that it meets
all RF requirements. Field adjustment or replacement of any
components within the RFU may affect this calibration and
degrade the RF performance. If modifications or repairs are
necessary, the RFU should be replaced with another unit and
returned to the factory to be serviced.
The table below describes the components of an RFU.
Pre-distortion Contains built-in Low Noise Receive Amplifiers 1 MU
CDMA Baseband (LNAs) in the receive path and a Fiberoptic
Radio (PCBR) Interface (FOI) to the BBU, and provides RF
functionality for the base station. The PCBR, in
conjunction with the Measurement Module, also
functions to improve the linearity of the transmit
amplifier, which increases its rated output power.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Transmit Amplifies the RF signal to the required power level. 1 MU
Amplifier
Power Conversion Provides AC-DC and DC-DC power conversion in 1 Not applicable
Unit (PCU) one unit.
Filters and Ensure that the RF signal conforms to the spectral 1 Not applicable
couplers limits described in the appropriate standards.
Transmit and receive bandpass filter assemblies
include directional couplers to support routine
diagnostics.
Measurement Provides transmit power measurements for transmit 1 Not applicable
Module (MM) gain compensation and RF Output Power Test, and
provides transmit and receive antenna test
measurements.
Electro Magnetic Located immediately to the left of the PCBR, reduces 1 Not applicable
Inductance noise and static off the line.
(EMI) filter
Important! A junction box is located at the bottom of the RFU

for connections.
Parent-child hierarchy For some MUs there are specific restrictions that govern when they can
be in service. These restrictions are dependent on the in-service state of
other MUs. This is referred to as a “parent-child” relationship, and
these relationships are always defined by the physical architecture in
question. A “child” unit cannot be in-service unless its “parent” unit is
in-service. However, a “child” unit can be out-of-service while the
“parent” unit is in service.
Reference
For more information, refer to “Maintenance Hierarchy” in Chapter 4.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Differences between Cellular and PCS Flexent CDMA Distributed

Base Stations
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Components and The RFU for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station is available
differences in Cellular and PCS models. The components within the RFU appear
the same (other than a label) for Cellular and PCS models, but function
in different frequency bands.
Component Difference
PCBR Frequency output in the transmit path and received in
the receive path
Filters and test Band of operation for PCS and Cellular
couplers
Tx Amp Band of operation for PCS and Cellular
MM Band of operation for PCS and Cellular
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Differences between indoor and outdoor Flexent CDMA Distributed

Base Stations
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Differences The differences between the indoor and outdoor versions of the Flexent
Distributed Base Station are described in the table below.
Indoor Outdoor
Primary surge protection taken care Primary surge protection part of the
of at the building level. base station.
GPS surge arrestor
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3G-1X capabilities
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview 3G-1X voice and high-speed data capability is available for the Flexent
CDMA Distributed Base Station with ECP Release 18.0.
Benefits of 3G-1X The 3G-1X feature allows the service provider to increase voice traffic
capacity and to provide raw high-speed data capability of up to 156-
kbps on the forward and reverse links.
Modes of operation If the 3G-1X is activated, a base station can operate in either of the
following:
• 2G and 3G-1X
• 3G-1X only.
The 3G-1X feature is activated in translations.
Hardware changes To implement 3G-1X functionality into a Flexent CDMA Distributed

Base Station network, the 3G-1X CCU (CCU-32 or CCU-64) must be
installed in the BBUs.
Software requirements The 3G-1X Basic Software Package must be installed on Cell Release
18.0 or later before 3G-1X functionality can be implemented.
Optional features Optional features available with 3G-1X implementation include:

• Quick paging channel
The quick paging channel reduces the amount of time the Mobile
Station needs to monitor paging channels, and thereby extends the
battery life of the mobile. Status of the quick paging channel will
be available on SDPs 2121, 2138, and 2139.
• Subscriber access control
The subscriber access control feature allows a service provider to
redirect 3G-1X mobiles from a given carrier to other carriers.
• Multiple packet pipes for the 3G-1X CCU traffic
Prior to Release 18.0 a single packet pipe could be assigned to
service up to four CCU boards; however, a given CCU board
could be provisioned with only one packet pipe. With software
Release 18.0, several packet pipes can be assigned to the same
CRC, not to the CCU board. This means that a single CCU can use
multiple packet pipes, and that both the CCUs and packet pipes
become pooled resources.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interface changes Changes to user interfaces in Cell Release 18.0 in support of 3G-1X
include:
• New forms (ecp3g, cell3g, ceqface3g) and new optional fields
on the bbueqp form (3G1X CDMA Channel Element Minor OOS
Limit and 3G1X CDMA Channel Element Major OOS Limit) in
the translations database for activation of 3G-1X features
• New icons on SDPs to monitor status of 3G-1X features and to
illustrate the increased number of channel elements supported
• Minor changes to craftshell (technician interface) commands to
accommodate the increased number of channel elements
supported.
References For more information on 3G-1X features and how to implement them
in an existing network, refer to optional features documents:
• 3G-1X Basic Software Package (401-612-407)
• 3G-1X Subscriber Access Control (401-612-189)
• CDMA 3G Quick Paging Channel (401-612-425).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Signal flow and component
descriptions
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to help the technician identify the logical
and physical connections within a Flexent CDMA Distributed Base
Station, and to describe the signals that it processes.
RF signal flow and components description 2-2
Reference signal flow and components 2 - 31
Power distribution and components description 2 - 39
Maintenance flow and components 2 - 43
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Signal flow and component descriptions
RF signal flow and components

description
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the base station radio frequency signal flow and
the components that function within that flow.
BBU functionality Each BBU contains the digital components necessary to support a one-
carrier/three-sector area.
RFU functionality Each RFU contains the RF hardware necessary to support a one-carrier/
one-sector area.
BBU components A BBU contains the components listed below:

• One CDMA Radio Controller (CRC)
• One to six CDMA Channel Units (CCUs)
• Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU) in BBU1, with an optional
spare in BBU2
• Oscillator Module (OM)
• Fiberoptic Module (FOM)
• Power units: AC-DC rectifier unit, DC-DC converter unit
• Input/Output Card (IOC).
RFU components An RFU contains the components listed below:

• One Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR)
• Transmit amplifier
• Power Conversion Unit (PCU)
• Filter
• Measurement Module (MM)
• Couplers
• Cabling.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Contents The topics covered in this section are as follows.
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station buses 2-4
Inter-BBU cables 2-5
Test ports/signals 2-6
Input/Output Card (IOC) 2-7
Facilities interface (T1/E1) 2-9
CDMA Radio Controller (CRC) 2 - 11
CDMA Channel Unit (CCU) 2 - 14
Fiberoptic Module (FOM) 2 - 18
Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR) 2 - 20
Transmit amplifier 2 - 23
Filter panels 2 - 25
Receive and transmit antennas 2 - 27
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station buses

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Buses are used to interface the BBU and RFU components to one
another.
Peripheral bus The peripheral bus in the BBU interconnects the CRC and TFU within
a BBU. The bus routes through the FOM and uses fiberoptic links to
logically connect the primary BBU to the PCBR and Tx amplifier in
each of its RFUs and to a second BBU. The peripheral bus is a low-
speed bus that transfers control information.
The peripheral bus is also routed to a test connector on the exterior of
the RFU. The test connector is accessible from the access panel of the
RFU.
Packet bus The packet bus interconnects the CRC with each of the CCUs in the
BBU. It is a high-speed data bus.
Other connections The CRC is connected to the FOM for alarm collection and inventory
control. The AC-DC module and I/O card also provide inventory data
to the CRC. The IOC is controlled by the CRC for the purposes of
transmitter disable switch LED control.
The CRC connects to the DC-DC PCU module to collect inventory
data.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Inter-BBU cables
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Inter-BBU cables Timing and peripheral bus signals are cabled between the first and
second BBU.
Important! If these cables are disconnected, the system will fail

until the cable is restored.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Test ports/signals
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Signals from the test ports are brought to the outside of the BBU
through the IOC.
BBU test ports/signals The test ports/signals listed below are available for the BBU.
Test Port Purpose
10 MHz Test Equipment Reference Frequency
SCLK34 19.6608-MHz clock (coaxial)
Even_Sec 2-second clock (coaxial)
Peripheral bus Peripheral bus (RJ45)
PCBR Serial Ports Communicate to PCBR from BBU (can
be terminated in I/O panel or upon
exiting backplane)
VIM Voice line back to MSC
10 baseT Ethernet Provides Ethernet connection to CRC
(accessed from I/O panel)
Transmitter disable switch Switch to turn off PCBR transmitter
from BBU (accessed from I/O panel)
TFU DEBUGON Enables clock signals from TFU
(enabled when pulled low)
RFU test ports An RF test port is available on each RFU. The test port couples into the
Tx path at the transmit filter. The test port may be remotely located
from the RFU up to 50 feet, and is dependent on cable loss. The test
ports/signals listed below are available for the RFU:
• Peripheral bus
• 10 MHz
• SCLK34
• Even_Sec
• RF Test Port.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Input/Output Card (IOC)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
IOC diagram
IOC functions The Input/Output Card (IOC) provides:

• Connectors for the OM to interface with the backplane. Two
cables provide the IOC/OM interface. One cable connects the OM
and the IOC, for the power and digital signals that the OM
requires. The IOC has traces to connect these signals to the
backplane. The second cable is for RF.
• The external interface for the BBU CDMA clock test port signals.
The three test ports in the BBU are the 10 MHz, 19.6608-MHz,
and the even second tick. A physical switch on the IOC enables/
disables the CDMA clock test ports.
• Voice, Ethernet, and peripheral bus test ports. These ports are used
as maintenance and diagnostic test ports.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Two ports for BBU interconnections. These ports contain the

Even_Sec, 19.6608-MHz, and peripheral bus signals required for
communication between adjacent BBUs when the system is in a
configuration that requires two or three BBUs.
• The physical transmitter disable switch to enable/disable RF
transmission.
Control of RF power output The IOC has one control on the front panel for RF power output:
• An AUTO/OFF switch, which controls the transmit output of the
PCBR. The switch positions affect the transmit power as
described below.
– If this switch is set to “OFF,” the RFU transmit output will
drop to below -65 dBm.
– If this switch is set to “AUTO,” RF output is enabled from
the PCBR.
Once the switch is set to “AUTO”, the software must also be
configured to enable transmission before RF power will be
transmitted.
IOC components The IOC contains the following active components:

• Hot insertion circuitry, to ensure that a hot insertion of the IOC
does not pull down the supply voltage
• Coaxial drivers, for CDMA clock signals
• Memory, to provide inventory data to the CRC
• Control circuitry, to allow CRC control of PCBR transmitter
indication LEDs.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Facilities interface (T1/E1)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Facility connections The figure below shows the T1/E1 connections in the Flexent CDMA
Distributed Base Station.
Facilities interface The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station allows for the provision
description of two T1/E1 connections to each BBU.
Facilities interface surge The facilities interfaces (T1/E1) are surge-protected against high-
protection voltage/high-current surges, such as from lightning strikes.
Balun protector unit The balun protector unit provides a central point for converting E1
(optional) coaxial signaling to the balanced signaling required by the BBU. The
conversion is from 75-ohm unbalanced to 120-ohm balanced cabling.
The balun protector unit also provides coaxial protection for two E1
transmit/receive circuits with expansion to four E1 circuits.
If the Lucent-supplied cables are to be used, the balun protector unit
must be located within 6.1 meter (20 ft.) of the BBU that it is serving.
The dimensions of the balun protector unit are 254 mm (height) x 254
mm (width) x 95 mm (depth) (10 inches x 10 inches x 3.75 inches).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reference For information on loopback tests for the facilities interface, refer to
Chapter 2 in Flexent Wireless Networks Radio Cluster Server (RCS)
and Mobility Manager Radio Cluster Server (MM-RCS) Operation,
Administration, and Maintenance (401-710-102).
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CDMA Radio Controller (CRC)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure of the CRC The CDMA Radio Controller (CRC) is a circuit pack located inside the
BBU, as shown below.
CRC description There is one CRC per BBU. The CRC consists of the two distinct
functional units listed below:
• Main Cluster Controller (MCC)
• Line Interface Unit (LIU).
The LIU section handles the low-level High-level Data Link Control
(HDLC) protocol processing of the packet pipes and signaling links,
and the MCC handles all maintenance and call processing.
Additional CRC The CRC also supports the components and functions listed below:
components
• Channel Service Unit (CSU)
• Ethernet Maintenance Port
• Voice interface support
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• CDMA clock detection.
Channel Service Unit (CSU)

The CRC supports up to two CSUs that provide connectivity with the
T1/E1 line(s) and enable loopback testing. Each CSU supports one T1/
E1 line.
Ethernet maintenance port

The CRC drives an Ethernet port which serves as the cell maintenance
port. It is used by the technician to connect to the cell for diagnostics.
The connection is 10BaseT (10 Mbps, twisted pair), and terminates in
an RJ-45 jack.
Voice interface support

The CRC detects the off-hook/on-hook state of the cell voice interface
(craft POTS line). When the CRC detects this change of state, the CRC
software will instruct the communications processor to patch the voice
data onto the allocated T1/E1 DS0 for transmission to the MSC.
CDMA clock detection

The CRC monitors the CDMA clocks generated by the TFU, and
reports an alarm to the RCS when a failure is detected. The EvenSecTic
and 19.6608-MHz signals are monitored.
CRC functional overview The circuit packs:

• Manage a signaling and control interface to the RCS application
instance that executes on an application processor
• Route packet pipe to appropriate CCUs in a base station
• Perform call processing functions that need to be collocated with
the radio hardware
• Collect and pass alarm and status information from the base
station components to the RCS application
• Perform operation, administration, and maintenance control of the
base station, under the control of an RCS instance
• Perform fault recovery of the base station, either autonomously or
coordinated from the RCS
• Perform base station initialization, coordinated from the RCS
• Maintain the cell site Flash File System (FFS)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Prior to Release 18.0, packet pipes were assigned to a specific

CCU, which meant that a single packet pipe would support up to
four CCUs. As of Release 18.0, packet pipes will no longer be
assigned to a specific CCU, and will instead be assigned to the
CRC. The result of this changes is that a single CCU has the
resource to multiple packet pipes. Both the packet pipes and CCUs
become pooled resources, which enhances call processing. This
change will be shown on SDP 2139, and assignments previously
made to show packet pipes connections to CCUs will now reflect
associations with the CRC.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CDMA Channel Unit (CCU)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure of the CCU Each BBU supports up to six CCUs, as shown in the diagram below.
Description The CCUs are available in three types. Base station software
recognizes the board type during initialization.
CCU-20
CCU-20s support twenty channel elements (CEs), and provide the
channel coding and decoding functions for a total of up to 120 channels
per BBU. These channels consist of overhead channels and traffic
channels.
CCU-32
CCU-32s support thirty-two CEs, and provide the channel coding and
decoding functions for a total of up to 192 traffic channels per BBU. In
addition, overhead channels (pilot/synchronization, paging/access, and
quick paging) are available per sector.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The CCU-32 improves base station performance over the CCU-20 by

providing more channel elements to increase the base station’s capacity
and support 3G-1X calls.
CCU-II
Important! Multiple packet pipes for the 3G-1X CCU must be

enabled to use the CCU-II channel elements to full capacity.
CCU-IIs support sixty-four CEs, and provide the channel coding and
decoding functions for a total of up to 384 channels per BBU. These
channels consist of overhead channels (pilot/synchronization, paging/
access, and quick paging) and traffic channels. For more information
on the overhead channel pairing, refer to Flexent/AUTOPLEX
Wireless Networks Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) CDMA Dual
Paging Channels per Carrier Optional Feature Description (401-612-
559).
Enhancements of the CCU-II over the CCU-32 include:
• Change of processor from a PPC603e (CCU-32) to a PPC750
(CCU-64). This enables the CPU speed of the CCU-II to increase
to 300MHz (CPU speed of the CCU-II is 200MHz).
• Additional 1Mb of L2 cache (stores instructions or data). This
lowers the refresh time of the processor.
• End result is approximately a capacity increase of twice as many
calls, using less processing power.
3G-1X and the CCUs For backward capability with existing 2G systems, the 3G-1X capable
CCUs (CCU-II and CCU-32) support both 2G (IS95A/B) and 3G (IS-
2000) channels (bi-modal CCU). All three CCUs (CCU-II, CCU-32,
and the CCU-20) can be mixed in the same carrier (BBU) for Flexent
products.
The 3G forward common channels and the reverse access channel are
the same for 2G and 3G, so processing of these channels has not
changed. The reverse pilot channel is a new 3G channel that will be
supported by the 3G-1X CCUs in 3G mode. The 3G-1X CCU forward
and reverse traffic channels are different from the 2G traffic channels.
Only the fundamental channel is used for voice calls. The radio
configurations supported for the 3G-1X traffic channels are RC3, RC4
and RC5 for the forward channels, and RC3 and RC4 for the reverse
channels. The radio configurations for 2G are RC1 and RC2.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Channel coding The channel coding is carried out within Application Specific
Integrated Circuits (ASICs). For a CCU-20, each ASIC handles one
channel (both forward and reverse directions). For 3G-1X CCUs, each
ASIC handles all channels. In the reverse direction, the CCU timing
signals allow for the alignment of the diversity receive signals.
If the 3G-1X CCUs are present in the BBU, the system will place the
overhead channels on these CCUs first to allow the new overhead
channels to be used first.
Channel elements The CEs communicate their traffic information to the CRC for transfer
to the 5ESS Switch via the T1/E1 facility. CEs exchange OA&M
information, such as initialization and status, with the cell site’s
OA&M process that runs on the CRC.
A CE contains the circuitry necessary to support a full duplex CDMA
channel; that is, the support to perform forward link and reverse link
CDMA processing. Each CE supports one CDMA channel. A CE
performs the modulation/demodulation of one CDMA channel or, in
some cases, more than one channel.
Channel functions Each CE can be assigned to perform:

• Pilot channel functions, which enable the CDMA mobile to
establish communication with the base station
• Sync channel functions, which are used by the mobile to acquire
initial time synchronization
• Paging channel functions, which are used by the base station to
transmit system overhead information and pages to the mobile
• Access channel functions, the reverse of the paging channel,
which are used to receive various types of messages from the
mobile
• Traffic channel functions (2G and 3G fundamental), which carry
voice and data
• Supplemental channel functions (3G supplemental), which carry
high-speed forward data burts (up to 156 kbps)
• Quick paging channel for 3G-1X.
The pilot, sync, and access functions can be combined into a single CE.
Features The CCU provides:
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Support for daisy-chaining of CCU transmit paths. This feature

allows transmit data from multiple CCUs to be combined into one
transmit signal. The CCUs are configured in such a way as to
allow bypassing of a CCU that is not functional or is out of
service. If two adjacent CCUs go OOS, any other CCUs upstream
in the series chain will be disconnected from the PCBR.
• As of Release 18.0, the packet pipes are no longer assigned to a
given CCU, but will instead be assigned to a CRC. The result of
this changes is that a single CCU has the resource to multiple
packet pipes. Both the packet pipes and CCUs become pooled
resources, which enhances call processing. This change will be
shown on SDP 2139, and assignments previously made to show
packet pipes connections to CCUs will now reflect associations
with the CRC.
Number scheme Physically, CCU-6 is the CCU located closest to the CRC.
CCU communication CCUs that operate in 2G mode set up and monitor the status of IS-95A
process CDMA Traffic/Overhead channels, which transmit and receiving the
digital data portion of the air interface. The CCU communicates with
the CRC over the bus, and together they provide all the necessary
signaling for complete IS-95A call processing. As of Release 18.0, the
CCU communication process supports IS-2000 voice and data call
processing in 3G mode.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Fiberoptic Module (FOM)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure of the FOM The FOM provides the optical interface to/from each sector’s RFU.
There is one FOM per BBU, as shown below.
Description Each FOM has three Tx and three Rx interfaces. The FOM consists
primarily of three fiberoptic transceivers, three serializers, three de-
serializers, and some additional logic to provide the interface to the
BBUs.
FOM functions The FOM:

• Provides an optical interface to/from RFUs
• Collects BBU frame alarms
• Handles BBU clock source selection
• Handles inter-BBU clock distribution.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
FOM clock functions The FOM provides clock buffering/distribution function between
multiple BBUs at the cell site. It reconditions the clock signals as they
enter from the previous BBU in the daisy chain. The FOM:
• Accepts clock signals from the TFU and drives both external
clocks out of the BBU and internal clocks to the local backplane
• Accepts external clocks from previous BBU, and selects the local
or external clock input under CRC control
• Provides logical clock source when both the external clock source
and local TFU clock source are not ready
• Regenerates out-of-phase clock
• Reconditions clock from external source.
Fiberoptic Interface (FOI) The Fiberoptic Interface (FOI) to the BBU is located on the PRIM. On
the uplink, these signals are sent:
• Timing (19.6608-MHz and EVENSEC pulse)
• Peripheral bus
• Transmit data bus
• Static control
• Physical addresses for PCBR and Tx amplifier
• Serial Port.
On the downlink, these signals are sent from the PCBR to the BBU:
• Peripheral bus
• Receive data bus
• Static control
• Serial port.
Letter scheme The serializer/transceiver sets are denoted A, B, and C in

correspondence to the RFUs that they serve.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure The PCBR is located in the RFU, as shown below.
Overview The PCBR:

• Performs baseband transmit combining
• Modulation and RF upconversion for the transmit path, as well as
RF downconversion and demodulation for two (diversity) receive
paths independently. Diversity alignment is handled in the CCU.
• Serves one sector on one carrier
• Contains a Pre-Distortion Radio Interface Module (PRIM) for
incorporation of digital pre-distortion
• Contains a Pre-Distortion Radio Frequency Board (PRFB) with
integrated receive path LNAs
• Has a Fiberoptic Interface (FOI) on the PRIM that interfaces with
the BBU
• Interfaces to connectors in the RFU to provide all the necessary
power and digital signals
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Provides the interface for the Measurement Module (MM)

through a serial port
• Contains the firmware to perform RF test functions.
RFU features RFU transmit features include:

• Tunable (under software control) to any allowed channel
• Provides up to 20 dB of the transmit power attenuation, in 0.5-dB
increments.
Bypassing CCUs The PCBR turns off its RF power output whenever an error that affects
the RF path is detected. If a parity error is detected on the transmit data
from the CCUs, the PCBR will try to switch to the bypass input. If this
still shows parity errors, the digital transmit stream will be set to zero.
PCBR functionality The PCBR supports a daisy-chained configuration of the CDMA

Channel Units CCUs within a cluster; a cluster is the full complement
of CCUs for a carrier. The PCBR provides some baseband, RF
processing functions in both the transmit path and the receive path. The
PCBR also provides the hardware in digital, analog, and RF circuitry
within the unit to support comprehensive board level self-tests and
diagnostic tests.
Transmit path
Once within the PCBR, the transmit stream is digitally filtered and
converted to analog. This analog signal is then modulated onto an
Intermediate Frequency (IF) carrier for further filtering, gain, and
frequency upconversion.
Receive path
In the receive direction, there are two identical diversity receive units
within the PCBR. These units downconvert, filter, demodulate, digitize,
and perform Automatic Gain Control (AGC) on the two receive
signals. These receive signals are passed to the CCU cluster to be
decoded.
CCU bypass description The PCBR receives a 19.6608-Mbps digital data stream from the CCU
cluster, which represents:
• The digitally combined transmit data for all CEs in the CCUs for a
frequency/face, if the CCUs are operating
• The digitally combined transmit data for all CEs in the remaining
CCUs, if a CCU has been bypassed.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bypass control mechanism

A bypass control mechanism, which resides in the PCBR, detects the
status of CCUs in the CCU cluster. If a CCU should fail, the PCBR will
use that mechanism to bypass the failed CCU. This mechanism
prevents a CCU from becoming a single point of failure for the CCU
cluster.
Fiberoptic Interface (FOI) The Fiberoptic Interface (FOI) to the BBU is located on the PRIM. On
the uplink, these signals are sent from the BBU to the PCBR:
• Transmit data
• Clocks
• Static lines
• Peripheral bus
• Physical addresses to PCBR and Tx amplifier
• Serial Port.
On the downlink, these signals are sent from the PCBR to the BBU:
• Receive data
• Static control
• Peripheral bus
• Serial port.
Pre-distortion functionality The transmit pre-distortion function is performed in the PCBR of the
RFU. This function helps maintain the quality of the transmitted output
signal.
Low Noise Receive Low Noise Receive Amplifiers (LNAs) are integrated onto the PRFB
Amplifiers (LNAs) section of the PCBR. LNAs provide low-noise preamplification of
signals received from each of the receive antennas after they have
passed through the receive bandpass filters.
EMI filter Immediately to the left of the PCBR is an Electro Magnetic Inductance
(EMI) filter. This filter reduces noise and static off the line.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Transmit amplifier
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure The transmit amplifier is located in the RFU, as shown below.
Overview The transmit path of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
contains an RF power amplifier. This amplifier increases the RF output
power from the PCBR to the output power called for by cell site
specifications.
Transmit amplifier The transmit amplifier provides RF power amplification for a single
description 1.25-MHz CDMA carrier within the PCS or Cellular ranges. The PCS
transmit amplifier provides 16 watts of power at the transmit antenna
port of the RFU. Cellular transmit amplifiers provides 20 watts of
power at the transmit antenna port of the RFU.
Important! Prior to Release 18.0, Cellular transmit amplifiers

provided 16 watts of output power at the transmit antenna port.
While these amplifiers will continue to be supported, new base
stations deployed will feature the 20 watt transmit amplifier.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Alarm and NVM update Transmit amplifiers communicate on the peripheral bus to transmit
interface alarm indications, and to receive Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) updates
and to enable the RF output.
Inventory and calibration The transmit amplifier stores its inventory and calibration information
information in its internal NVM.
Temperature control and Beyond a specified temperature range, a fan should be installed with
RFU fan the RFU for temperature control. In the field, the fan is attached to the
plenum (the RFU mounting bracket) and wired into the junction box
area of the RFU.
For a 16 watt RFU, the fan assembly is required at temperatures over
52 degrees Celsius. For a 20 watt RFU, a fan assembly is required for
temperatures over 46 degrees Celsius.
The fan assembly has variable speed capability based on sensing the
outside temperature, and is weatherized for outdoor operation.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Filter panels
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station supports either a duplex
filter for the combined transmit/receive path, or a simplex receive filter
for the diversity receive path. The filter panel is shown below.
Filter bands The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station supports these filter
bands:
• PCS filters that are 20-MHz bandwidth and support FC, BE, and
AD blocks
• Cellular 850 filters for domestic applications in A and B bands
• Cellular 850 for international applications in A and B bands
• Cellular 850 for domestic applications in A and B bands
(simplex).
RF filters RF filters ensure that the RF transmit and receive signals comply with
spectral emissions requirements. Test couplers allow the RF path to be
tested. Filters, whose type is dependent on the base station
configuration employed, can be:
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Duplex, which allows connection of one Tx amplifier to one

duplex antenna and provides one receive diversity path
• Simplex receive, which provides one receive diversity path on one
antenna.
Filter surge protection The filters are surge-protected against high-voltage/high-current

surges, such as from lightning strikes.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Receive and transmit antennas

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Structure of the RF The diagram below shows the antenna connections at the top-back of
antennas the base station.
Overview The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station supports duplex and
simplex RF antennas and one Global Positioning System (GPS)
antenna. In the two-antenna configuration, one RF antenna is a duplex
antenna for combination transmit and receive; the other is a simplex
receive antenna for diversity reception. For simplex configurations,
each RFU has three potential antenna interfaces: one simplex transmit
and two simplex receive.
Description The antenna connections are on the bottom of the RFU. The antenna
leads are surge-protected to prevent damage to internal components
from lightning strikes. All antennas have a 50-ohm impedance.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Antenna sharing In multicarrier configurations, antennas may be shared between RFUs

that operate on a single sector.
Antenna sharing modes

The antenna sharing mode is set in the Antenna Sharing Mode field
on screen 1 of the cmmceqp form in the Recent Change/Verify (RC/V)
translations database.
Possible modes:
• If the translation value is set to “0,” each RFU uses two antennas:
Tx/Rx0 and Rx1.
• If the translation value is set to “1,” each RFU receives its
diversity 1 signal from another RFU in the same sector (different
carrier).
• If the translation value is set to “2,” each RFU receives both its
diversity 0 and diversity 1 signals from a source external to the
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Antenna sharing mode 0
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Unused antenna ports

The image below shows the Type N connectors for the antenna sharing
ports.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reference signal flow and components
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the reference signal flow and components.
15-MHz signal distribution The 15-MHz signal is derived from the fiberoptic data that enters the
PCBR. The clock frequency is driven by the Oscillator Module (OM).
GPS antenna 2 - 32
Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU) 2 - 33
Oscillator Module (OM) 2 - 35
Shared GPS antenna 2 - 36
Component functions summary 2 - 38
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
GPS antenna
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Description The GPS link system includes sub-units of GPS antenna, GPS
receivers, and splitters. A GPS antenna with an internal low noise
amplifier (LNA) is placed near the cell site where it obtains the best
reception of a GPS satellite signal. A GPS receiver is mounted on the
TFU board to acquire and track the GPS timing signal.
DC current distribution In Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station design, the DC current
comes from the TFU for the GPS pre-amplifier.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Timing and Frequency Unit The TFU is located in the BBU, as shown below.
Overview The TFU is the reference frequency and CDMA time-base unit that
synchronizes the base station with the other base stations in the CDMA
network.
Synchronization Synchronization of the CDMA network enables the mobile stations to

track several base stations at once, and to execute a soft handoff
between base stations.
The TFU has a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver to provide
CDMA network synchronization signals derived from the GPS satellite
network. These signals synchronize the time signals that are distributed
to the CEs for use in channel coding.
Alarm collection The TFU collects user alarms for the base station, converts them to an
peripheral bus protocol, and transmits them over to the CRC on the
peripheral bus.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
TFU signals The TFU provides:

• An Even Second Tick (EvenSecTic), which is a pulse every two
seconds, coordinated with CDMA System Time (CST). The
19.6608-MHz signals are phase-locked with this signal. These
signals go to the CCUs and PCBRs (and to the CRCs to be
monitored).
• The CDMA System Time (CST), which is an ASCII string that
provides the number of seconds, uncorrected for leap seconds.
This time string is coordinated with the next EvenSecTic.
• A 10-MHz sine wave, phase-locked to the 15-MHz frequency
reference, for phase-locking test equipment to the cell. The TFU
controls the OM and disciplines it to maintain the 15-MHz signal.
Flywheeling The TFU generates highly accurate CDMA timing signals because it
disciplines its clock generation unit with time signals from the GPS
unit. When contact with the satellites is lost, the 15-MHz crystal OM is
stable enough to maintain the necessary synchronization with the
network for up to eight hours.
The TFU is said to be flywheeling when contact is lost with the GPS
signal. Once the GPS satellites are reacquired, the TFU corrects any
deviation from the CST which the cell may have developed while
flywheeling.
OM- required maintenance is one cause for flywheeling (other causes
are poor satellite reception, failed GPS receiver, or antenna fault).
Check the Read-Only Printer (ROP) for a possible error indication if
the cell is flywheeling too long (that is, severity has escalated to
MAJOR).
TFU function There is one TFU in BBU1. A spare TFU can be placed in BBU2 for
redundancy. The TFU (and OM):
• Communicate with the CRC
• Provide an interface to control and monitor an OM such that the
OM can be used as a RF frequency reference for radios and a
CDMA time-base
• Monitor the external GPS antenna status and current GPS RF
coverage situation.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Oscillator Module (OM)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Location of the Oscillator The OMs are mounted inside the IOC in the BBU.
Module (OM)
Overview The Oscillator Module (OM) provides a 15-MHz reference to the base
station.
OM (XO) The XO OM is an ovenized crystal oscillator designed to provide a

highly stable frequency reference.
The XO OM is an oscillator that provides a highly stable, 15-MHz
frequency reference over temperature variations expected within the
base station.
Three concerns must be considered:
• The OM must have a warm-up period of up to 30 minutes after the
oven temperature has stabilized, to provide an accurate 15-MHz
frequency reference.
• The OM requires up to seven days of continuous operation before
it can meet the full GPS flywheeling requirements.
• Because of this long stabilization period, the OM power must not
be cycled unless absolutely necessary.
OM drift Any drift of the frequency output provided by the OM is detected and
corrected by the TFU. There is a finite amount of correction allowed,
and once this value is surpassed, the OM must be replaced. Age and
temperature fluctuations affect OM drift.
Component serviced by 15- The TFU is serviced by the 15-MHz signal.

MHz
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Shared GPS antenna

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Shared GPS antenna When base stations are co-located, and a redundant TFU is available in
the second BBU, the GPS antenna lead can be split across the BBUs, as
shown below.
DC power distribution for Since all TFU GPS units supply drive current to the GPS antenna pre-
shared GPS antenna amplifier, the splitter incorporates DC one-port blocking for all outputs,
configurations with the exception of the primary BBU. The primary BBU is the only
cell that supplies DC current to the pre-amplifier.
Signal loss in the splitters The loss of the 1:2 splitter is 3.6 dB. Based on the types and the length
of GPS cable used in current primary assemblage, the total internal
cable loss is about 1 dB (from the antenna panel to TFU faceplate).
Therefore, it is assumed that the internal cable and connector loss
inside the primary assemblage is less than 2 dB. (2 dB includes the
surge protector).
GPS signal distribution One GPS antenna can be configured to feed up to two BBUs. The
permitted maximum distance between the assemblages is 50 feet,
which should also be included in the worst case calculation. The
maximum distance between cells depends on the antenna type and gain.
Recommended lengths of cable between a cell and a GPS antenna for
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
different antennas, and for either a single BBU or a two BBU

configuration, are provided below.
GPS Nominal Andrew Approximate Approximate Nominal Worst

antenna antenna cable minimum maximum cable length case
KS24019 gain (dB) type cable length cable length with 2:1 cable
(ft.) (ft.) splitter (ft.) length
with 2:1
splitter
L112A 26 FSJ4 0 250 230 165
LDF4 0 400 367 267
L116 40 FSJ4 210 570 520 440
LDF4 335 1025 833 700
L110A 50 FSJ4 420 900 730 645
LDF4 670 1400 1167 1033
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Component functions summary

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Component types The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station is supported by these
components:
• Power Converter Units (PCUs)
• CDMA Radio Controller (CRC)
• CDMA Channel Unit (CCU)
• Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR)
• Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU)
• Transmit Amplifier
• Fiberoptic Module (FOM)
• Input/Output Card (IOC)
• Oscillator Module (OM).
Functions of the The functions of the components that contain processors are
processors summarized below.
CRC Performs call processing, maintenance control, T1/E1 interface,

and alarm status
CCU Processes information from the CRC, and performs channel

coding of traffic from/to the air interface for a mobile user
TFU Collects alarm and status from some base station components and
passes to the CRC application
PCBR Performs RF conversion

Tx amp Performs signal amplification in the transmit path
Processors and NVMs Processors are provided with small NVMs that store configuration
information, operating parameters, and BLST results.
The EEPROM on the backplane stores the diagnostic and functional
images for use by the circuit packs.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Power distribution and components

description
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the power connections and equipment in the
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Antennas The base station supports antennas for transmit and receive functions,
and one antenna for GPS signals.
The base station can function with either a short circuit or an open
circuit at the antenna port without damage.
BBU power converter units 2 - 40
RFU PCU 2 - 41
Optional battery backup 2 - 42
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
BBU power converter units

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
BBU power converter units The BBU power converter units are located in the BBU, as shown
below.
Overview The power units convert supplied AC or DC input to DC at several

voltage levels for the circuit packs.
Modules The BBU contains two power modules: an AC-DC rectifier unit, and a
DC-DC converter unit.
DC only If the base station is installed at a site with DC only power, the AC-DC
rectifier unit will not be present in the BBU.
Reference
For PCU alarms, refer to Chapter 5, Fault Detection, Isolation, and
Recovery.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU PCU
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU PCU The RFU PCU is located in the RFU, as shown below.
Function The RFU PCU converts supplied AC or DC voltage to several required

voltage levels.
Module The AC-DC and DC-DC functionality is integrated into one module in
the RFU PCU.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Optional battery backup

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
1600W Power Backup An internal battery is available for the RFU and the BBU that can
Cabinet (PBC) and PBC provide backup power for at least 60 seconds when operating above -20
battery cabinet degrees Celsius at full transmit power capability. The Power Backup
Cabinet (PBC) is recommended if the customer requires a longer power
backup capability.
The PBC contains an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) that
conditions the utility power under normal operating conditions. If the
power utility should fail, the PBC will maintain AC power to the RFU
from its internal batteries via a converter.
The PBC output cables are supplied in two kits, one for 14.5 meter (50
ft.) long, and another for 4.6 meter (15 ft.). If a longer cable is required,
the customer must provide it.
The PBC must be equipped with heaters if the operating temperature is
below zero degrees Celsius.
Important! The PBC contains holes through which water can

drain out of the cabinet. These holes are located below the
components, and will enable any water to drain before it touches
the radios.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Maintenance flow and components
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the maintenance flow and components.
Digital inputs and outputs The digital inputs and outputs (I/Os) consist of:
• T1/E1 lines
• User alarms
• Maintenance port.
Digital lines that enter the base station are protected against voltages
greater than 7 volts.
User-alarm contacts Twelve pairs of user-alarm contacts leave the base station to attach to
external user equipment. These leads are surge-protected.
Maintenance port The maintenance port is a 10BaseT Ethernet port intended to be the
primary digital access port for the craftsperson.
This port uses an RJ45 connector. It enables local connection to the
Remote Maintenance Tool (RMT) software on a portable computer for
local operation of the cell.
This port can also be used to communicate with the Operation
Management Platform (OMP) if allocated in the packet pipe.
Measurement Module (MM) 2 - 44
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Measurement Module (MM)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Measurement Module (MM) The Measurement Module (MM) is located in the RFU, as shown
below.
Overview The PCBR uses the Measurement Module (MM) to performs RF tests
on the base station.
MM functionality The MM:

• Acts as a pre-distortion receiver
• Takes transmit power measurements for transmit gain
compensation and RF output power test
• Takes Tx antenna test measurements
• Takes Rx antenna test measurements.
Radio Frequency Test The RF Test capability of the MM is referred to as the Radio Frequency
(RFT) function Test (RFT) function.
The RF tests available with the MM include:
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Tx antenna test
• Rx antenna test
• Tx gain test.
Tests are performed automatically on an ongoing basis in accordance
with parameters specified in translations.
MM versions There are two versions of the MM:

• Cellular band
• PCS band.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 User interfaces
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to enable a base station technician to

communicate with the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
User interfaces To provide support for wireless services, the technician must be able to:
• Monitor base station operation
• Interact with the base station to perform routine and corrective
maintenance tasks.
User interfaces provide two-way communication between the
technician and the switch. The switch controls the base station,
monitoring the operation and performing maintenance tasks as needed.
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station documentation 3-2
Base station user interfaces 3-8
ECP-based interface: Recent Change/Verify (RC/V) screens 3 - 11
ECP-based interface: craftshell interface and Read-Only 3 - 17

Printer (ROP) basics
ECP-based interface: Status Display Pages (SDPs) 3 - 31
Application processor Command Line Interface (CLI) 3 - 37
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base

Station documentation
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the documentation available for the base station.
Available documentation The Flexent/AUTOPLEX documentation provides the information

support necessary for the operation and maintenance of a Flexent
CDMA Distributed Base Station.
The documentation is composed of two document sets:
• Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station schematic diagrams that
illustrate how the components of the base station connect together
• Customer documentation on a CD-ROM.
Contents The contents of this section are as follows.
Schematic diagrams 3-3
Customer documentation 3-6
Documents of interest 3-7
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Schematic diagrams
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Schematic diagrams (SDs) are multipage documents that support

particular applications. Maintenance personnel use the SDs for cabling
and connections.
Schematic diagrams Diagram identification information is located in the lower right corner
sample of all SDs, as shown below.
Drawing Siz e
Sheet Nu mber
Proprietary Info rmatio n
Pro duct Identification Issue Nu mber
Schematic
Drawing F
Numb er
Coordinates
G
6 7 8 9
Layout All SDs provide an SD number, a sheet number, and an issue number.
Coordinates to items in the SD are provided in the margin.
Additional information provided includes proprietary information and
product names.
Schematic drawing The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station schematic drawing
numbers numbers are:
• SD-2R452-01, BBU information
• SD-2R464-01, PCS RFU information
• SD-2R465-01, Cellular RFU information.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
SD sheets SD sheets are arranged alphabetically from A to H, and contain

information as listed in the following table.
SD Sheet Name Sheet Contents

Sheets
A Index Issue date(s), sheet indices to all SD pages
B FSs (Functional Graphic information about the circuit(s)
Schematics)
C Apparatus Figures Component-specific information, such as Lucent
Technologies comcodes and manufacturer numbers
D Circuit Notes Explanation of notes referenced within FSs
E Circuit Description (CD) Text description of the circuits appearing in the SDs
(Note that most SDs do not contain a CD.)
F Not used in this SD Not used in this SD
G CADs (Cabling Specific interconnection cabling information
Diagrams)
H BDs (Block Diagrams) High-level interconnections between major units
The SD issue number is located on the top right corner of sheet A1.
In the lower right corner, sheet A1 contains a count of the total number
of SD sheets in the set.
Page designations, such as A1 or B17, are located on the lower right of
each sheet.
Ordering information Schematic diagrams can be ordered from the Customer Information
Center (CIC).
Domestic customers
Domestic customers can order documentation in three ways.
• To order or download documentation over the Extranet, visit CIC
at http://www.cic.lucent.com
• To order documentation by phone, call 1-888-582-3688
• To fax an order, call 1-800-566-9568.
International customers
International customers can call in or fax orders for documentation.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
• Customers from Asia, the Pacific Region, China, Caribbean, and

Latin America should call 1-317-322-6411
• Customers from Canada should call 1-317-322-6619
• Customers from Europe, the Middle East, and Africa should call
1-317-322-6416
• To fax an order, call 1-317-322-6699.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Customer documentation
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Customer documentation is available on the AUTOPLEX/Wireless

CD-ROM or over the Extranet at http://www.lucentdocs.com. The
documentation is presented on the computer screen in an Acrobat
Reader browser.
Access the documentation When the CD-ROM is first accessed, a list of topics is displayed in the
center of the screen.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Select a topic from that list to display the available documentation for
that topic.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Select the title of a particular document to view the documentation.

Result: The screen displayed has a running table of contents on the
left-hand pane, and the text in the right-hand pane.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Select an item in the table of contents to display the corresponding text.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Search the documentation The Adobe Acrobat Reader on the AUTOPLEX/Wireless CD-ROM
includes a Search plug-in. For information on the search feature
available for the CD-ROM, refer to the jewel case cover that
accompanied the CD-ROM.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Documents of interest
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Document list The list below contains documents of specific interest to Flexent
CDMA Distributed Base Station technicians.
Content Document reference

Translations forms Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks
Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Database
Update Manual (401-610-036)
Input/Output messages Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks
Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Input/Output
Messages (401-610-055/057)
Base station and DCS Input/ Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell
Output message formats Site/DCS Input/Output Messages (401-610-107)
Status Display Pages (SDPs) Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks
(Chapter 1) and Fault Isolation Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Operation,
(Chapter 22) Administration, and Maintenance Guide (401-610-
160)
Tests and diagnostics Flexent/AUTOPLEX Cellular
Telecommunications Systems - System 1000 Cell
Site Diagnostic Test Descriptions (401-660-101)
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
Station OA&M Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (401-
703-369)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Base station user interfaces
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the user interfaces available to a technician.
User interfaces To monitor the status of a base station and control its operation using
commands, the technician will access user interfaces.
How to choose the right tool 3-9
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
How to choose the right tool

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The MSC-based tool uses the AUTOPLEX system commands.
Tool choice Each tool has advantages and limitations over the other in terms of
features, capabilities, and ease of use. As a result, the choice of the
right tool may be dictated by operating requirements rather than by
operator’s preference.
RMT vs. ECP interfaces The Remote Maintenance Tool (RMT) supports a specific set of
commands. The Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) tool supports both
scripted and command line interactions.
RMT The RMT is an optional, self-contained software package that executes

scripted operation and maintenance routines (macros). It is designed to
interact with the base station offline from the MSC.
The RMT provides MSC emulation to test base station status without
requiring actual connection to the MSC.
Reference
Refer to the RMT online help, or the Remote Maintenance Tool
Operations course, CL5730, for information on installing and using the
RMT.
ECP tools The ECP tool offers two options of monitoring the base station: the
craftshell interface and Status Display Pages (SDPs). The craftshell
interface and the SDPs are two different ways to seek and act upon
information pertinent to base station performance.
Although the interface behavior and display are not the same, the
information that is returned by the system is identical in scope.
Craftshell results are displayed in real time. SDP displays are updated
at preset intervals.
Output to both interfaces is recorded on the Read-Only Printer (ROP),
which provides a continuous listing of all system activities.
Recent/Change Verify (RC/V) screens provide an interface to
databases.
The functions provided by the ECP interface are as follows:
• SDP: Primarily a GUI, SDPs are designed to provide a snapshot of
the status of a base station and its system environment.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
• Craftshell: The craftshell interface, also referred to as the

technician interface (TI), is exclusively a UNIX-based, command
line interface. The craftshell is designed for command line input
and message output. Craftshell commands can also be run from
the SDPs.
• ROP: The ROP is a running report of system activities.
• RC/V: An interface to a database, RC/V enables a user to review
and change configuration settings for a base station.
The functions of these interfaces are complementary. The interpretation
of a base station condition reported by an SDP will often require
reference to the ROP to identify the cause of that condition. For
example, the ROP will indicate what event resulted in a component to
be shown on an SDP as being out of service.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
ECP-based interface: Recent Change/

Verify (RC/V) screens
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the Recent Change and Verify (RC/V) forms
used for the base station.
RC/V screens Base station configurations are stored in the translations databases of
the ECP. To modify configurations, a technician must interact with the
database. This is done through Recent Change and Verify (RC/V)
screens. The craftshell and SDPs do not affect these parameters for a
base station.
Purpose of the RC/V RC/V screens provide the user interface to the translations database,
screens and are used to change and check on the configuration of a base station.
Some of the changes are service-affecting.
Reference For more information on the RC/V forms, refer to the Flexent/
AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Executive Cellular Processor (ECP)
Database Update Manual (401-610-036).
RC/V Access Manager forms 3 - 12
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station RC/V forms 3 - 15
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
RC/V Access Manager forms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Forms layout All ECP RC/V forms share the same look and feel. All database forms
utilize the screen areas shown below.
Form Name User Prompt Screen Number
Form Fields
Help Message
or
System Status
Common elements RC/V forms display the following three elements:

• User prompt - an AUTOPLEX system feature that points you to a
field in which you may enter information
• RC/V form fields - placeholders that store and display translations
information
• Help message or system status - context-sensitive text that
prompts a technician to enter a value in a field, or provides
system-level information.
Common look RC/V forms share the same look and feel, and have the following
characteristics:
• Forms are arranged in screens. Each screen contains several fields.
• Screen numbers are displayed on the top right corner.
• Fields are assigned field numbers. Their names and assigned
numbers are arranged in columns on the left of the form, and
corresponding data is displayed on the right.
• Positions of fields on the screens change periodically to
accommodate different software releases.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Access the RC/V forms Important! Help is available at any time from any RC/V form
screen. To access the help screens, enter a question mark (?) at the
prompt that is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Use the following procedure to access an RC/V form, and to change the
field values:
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Access the RC/V subsystem through the AUTOPLEX System 1000 ECP
Access menu (located under the AUTOPLEX OMP Technician menu), or at a
ECP UNIX RTR terminal enter:
apxrcv
Result: The RC/V access screen with the prompt Enter Form Name
(or ?) will appear.
Reference: If a technician enters a ?, a list of all RC/V forms will
appear. These will not be specific to type of base station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Type the form name at the prompt. Press Enter.

Result: The system displays a prompt of Enter Database Operation
I=Insert R=Review U=Update D=Delete:.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Select an option in the IRU form. There are four modes of access to an
RC/V screen.
Enter the following commands to complete the desired function:
1. Enter i to insert a new form into the database.
2. Enter r to enable a read-only display of the field values in the
form.
3. Enter u to update values in an existing form.
4. Enter d to delete a form.
Important! The left-most option on the “Enter” field indicates

the mode selected in this step.
Result: The system displays the first page of the unpopulated
form.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 To view the information for a particular base station, populate the

required fields which identify the base station being accessed. The key
fields are indicated by an asterisk (*). If there is more than one required
field, press Enter after each field to move to the next.
Result: Once all of the required fields have been completed, the
screen will be automatically populated with information on that
base station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 To change system parameters in the Insert or Update modes, enter c to

change fields and fill in the appropriate fields.
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 Enter i if in the Insert mode or u if in the Update mode to accept the

changes. To delete a form, once the key fields have been completed,
enter d to delete the form.
Result: A Form Updated message should appear at the top of the
screen.
............................................................................................................................................................................
7 Enter < to exit the form, and then < once again to exit the system.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station RC/V forms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RC/V forms The list below shows the forms available for the Flexent CDMA
Form Name Function

ecp Executive Cellular Processor Contains information used by the system to process
calls, make service measurements, and provide
Automatic Message Accounting (AMA).
ecp3g Executive Cellular Processor Contains 3G-1X information for the system.
for 3G
ceqface Cell Equipage Face Contains information on base station equipage and
multiple component assignment.
ceqface3g Cell Equipage Face for 3G Contains 3G-1X information for the base station.
cell2 Basic Cell Equipage Contains information on the number of radios, base
station status, location equipped faces, overhead stream
information, system codes, etc.
cell3g Cell Site for 3G Contains 3G-1X information for the cell site.
bbueqp BBU Equipage New for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Contains information on CRC status, signaling links,
CCU status, and PCBR equipage for a BBU.
Two optional fields have been added to the bbueqp form
for 3G-1X: 3G-1X CDMA Channel Element Minor OOS Limit
and 3G-1X CDMA Channel Element Major OOS Limit.
Parameters entered in these fields will over-ride those
entered on the cell3g or ecp3g forms.
cmmceqp Flexent CDMA Distributed New for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Base Station Equipage Contains information for base station equipage, routine
diagnostics timers, and user alarms.
cmodpptm CDMA Packet Pipe Trunk Defines packet pipe trunk group members.
Members
pptg Packet Pipe Trunk Group Defines the packet pipe trunk group.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Form Name Function

fci Face Code Information Contains information used by the cell site in the handoff
function. FCI forms are entered per Server Group (SG)
and Antenna Face Number (also known as Physical
Antenna Face or PAF).
cdhnl/ CDMA Directed Handoff Contains information on neighbor cell candidates for
cdhfl Neighbor List inter-frequency handoffs and handdowns.
cgsa Cellular Geographic Service Defines the system on a CGSA basis, including roamer
Area information, combined paging and access, and the list of
cell sites.
apeqp Application Processor Defines the physical DS1/DS0 on the application
Equipment processors, the link protocol, and the far-end point code
for the link sets associated with the application
processors.
iun IMS User Node Defines application processor nodes.
opmsg Output Message Direction Contains the information for the output message class
data base, opclassdb, and the output message type data
base, optypedb.
sub Subscriber and Feature Contains basic information needed for a mobile
Information subscriber.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
ECP-based interface: craftshell

interface and Read-Only Printer (ROP)
basics
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the craftshell interface, and common commands
that can be entered at that interface.
Craftshell functionality The craftshell provides the most flexible means to input commands and
to retrieve output messages from a base station.
Functions of the craftshell Use craftshell commands to perform the following tasks:
commands
• Identify operational status
• Remove and restore a unit from service
• Diagnose a unit
• Download Non-Volatile Memory (NVM)
• Stop a command
• Initialize a site.
Reference More information on the command syntax, output messages, and the
ROP can be found in Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell
Site/DCS Input/Output Messages (401-610-107).
For information on specific input commands that can be entered from
the craftshell and the corresponding output, refer to AUTOPLEX®
Cellular Telecommunications Systems/System 1000 Input Messages
Manual (401-610-055) /Output Messages Manual (401-610-057).
Craftshell command syntax 3 - 19
Common craftshell commands - configuration request 3 - 20
Common craftshell commands - operational status 3 - 22
Common craftshell commands - inventory command 3 - 23
Common craftshell commands - remove command 3 - 24
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User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - restore command 3 - 25
Common craftshell commands - stop command 3 - 26
Common craftshell commands - diagnose command 3 - 27
Output messages 3 - 28
Read-Only Printer (ROP) 3 - 29
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User interfaces
Craftshell command syntax

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Craftshell syntax Commands entered at the craftshell require precise syntax.
Outline of craftshell A sample command line and explanations of the various elements are
structure shown below.
Structure: 4 fields
action: identification;options:data
– Action: command
– Identification: cell and object
– Options (if applicable)
– Data (if applicable)
Example
dgn: cell 21,bbu 1, tfu;ucl:tlp
Craftshell syntax Craftshell commands follow strict syntax, punctuation, spacing (space
before numerals), and capitalization rules. The commands share a
common structure of four elements.
• Action - the command name followed by a colon (:)
• Identification:
– Target - the base station affected by the command
– Object (if applicable) - the unit affected by the command
For example:
The target base station is identified “cell #”, with a space between
the word “cell” and the cell number
The object is identified “bbu #”, with a space between the word
“bbu” and the bbu number
A comma between elements.
• Options (if applicable) - options associated with the command
preceded by a colon (:) or a semicolon (;)
• Data (if applicable); for example, “tlp”, preceded by a “:”
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - configuration request

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The Configuration Request (CFR) feature provides the technician with
a command to help monitor base station operations by configuring the
radio for FCC testing and to verify compliance with specifications.
This request will perform tests to configure the radio as a voice radio,
and test the transmit control, power control, and channel selection. This
command is initiated by a Technician Interface (TI) command. When
“multi” is specified, the command will configure all the radios within
that base station.
For Release 18.0, new RC parameters (RC1 for 2G and RC3 for 3G)
for the cfr:cell command are supported for the Flexent CDMA
The CFR command allows a technician to adjust the RF power level
from 2.0-dB to 30.0-dB, in increments of 0.5-dB.
Important! Changes made during a CFR session only last

during that session; once the session is exited, the radio
parameters will return to their original values.
Command format To run the configuration request command, use:

cfr:cell a,bbu b
Description of the test The CFR command places radios out of service and provides the
commands listed below for each carrier in a base station.
• BASEB: Baseband Module Control
• CONFIG: Configure a Voice Radio
• RATDS: Connect Radio to a Specific DS0/DS1 Control
• XMITC: Transmitter Control
• CHANL: Select Channel Number
• VRADPC: Voice Radio Power Control
• TRKREQ: Trunk Loopback Control.
These tests/diagnostics can also be run individually via the RMT with
the base station offline.
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User interfaces
Using the Wait for Idle (WFI) command with CFR

There is a useful command for moving calls off a particular base station
prior to removing the base station from service. The TI command is:
rmv:cell a,bbu b,wfi.
This option, wfi, on the remove (rmv) command provides the system
with the same functionality that inhibit call processing would offer a
single base station. After the remove command finishes execution, the
technician can use the CFR command to perform RF testing. When
finished, the restore (rst) command can be used to bring the base station
back to its operational state.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - operational status

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Operational status The operational status maintenance action (OP)

determines the status (state) of a maintenance unit; that is, the system
reads the recorded status from the equipment status table and forwards
the status to the Access Manager.
In addition, the system automatically reports the maintenance status of
the equipment to the Access Manager whenever the status changes. An
SDP is refreshed with new maintenance status every 15 seconds.
Format of operational The format of the operational status command is:

status command
op:cell a
Format of operational To determine the operational status of a specific component, enter:

status command - specific
op:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
component
Format of operational To use the operational status command to check alarms status of all
status command - alarms base stations, enter:
op:alarms,all
Format of operational To use the operational status command to check the generic, enter:
status command - generic
op:cell a,{bbu b}, generic c
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User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - inventory command

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Inventory The inventory command modifies the operational status

command to provide hardware-specific information associated with the
hardware unit.
The inventory information can be obtained by the RCS and is kept in a
file at the OMP in /omp-data/inventory. The information supplied
includes function code, serial number, vintage, apparatus code,
artmaster, series, comcode, boot version identifier, boot generic
version, and physical identifier value.
In the base station, the inventory data is stored in a specialized
EEPROM memory (iButtons).
Format of inventory The craftshell format of the inventory command is:

command
op:cell a,inventory
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User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - remove command

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Remove (rmv) The remove command changes the state of a

maintenance unit from active to out-of service.
Conditional remove A conditional remove takes the unit out-of-

service only if the unit is NOT busy (used in support of an active call).
A conditional remove will abort if the:
• Out-of-service threshold for the unit would be exceeded
• BBU threshold is exceeded.
Unconditional remove An unconditional remove takes the unit out-

of-service even if the unit is busy.
If an unconditional remove is targeted for a busy CCU, the remove is
deferred for up to five minutes. If the unit is still busy after five
minutes, the Maintenance Request Administrator (MRA) drops the
calls and removes the unit from service.
An unconditional remove may be service-affecting.
Format of conditional The craftshell format of the conditional remove command is:
remove command
rmv:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
Format of unconditional The craftshell format of the conditional remove command is:
remove command
rmv:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e};ucl
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User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - restore command

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Restore (rst) The restore command changes the state of a maintenance
unit from out-of-service to active.
Conditional restore A conditional restore runs a diagnostic test on the

maintenance unit before the unit is returned to service. If the unit fails
diagnostics, the conditional restore will abort and the unit will remain
out-of-service.
Unconditional restore An unconditional restore brings the unit back

into service, but does NOT run a diagnostic test on the unit.
Format of conditional The craftshell format of the conditional restore command is:
restore command
rst:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
Format of unconditional The craftshell format of the conditional restore command is:
restore command
rst:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e};ucl
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - stop command

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Stop The stop command aborts a maintenance activity on a

component.
If the maintenance activity request is still in the job queue, MRA
removes the request from the queue. If the maintenance activity is in
process, MRA aborts the activity.
Format of stop command The craftshell format command to stop maintenance activity on a given
for a given component component is:
stop:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
or
stop:dgn:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
Format of stop command The craftshell format command to stop a Non-volatile Memory (NVM)
for an Non-volatile Memory update is:
(NVM) update
stop:send;cell a,generic b
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User interfaces
Common craftshell commands - diagnose command

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Definition Diagnose (dgn) The diagnose command preforms a diagnostic test on

an out-of-service component.
If the component is in the active state, the MRA takes the unit out-of-
service before the test is run. After the test has been completed, the unit
is left in the out-of-service state.
The conditional restore command performs the same diagnostics tests,
but returns the unit to service if the tests are passed.
Format of diagnose The craftshell format command to diagnose a unit is:

command
dgn:cell a,{bbu b,crc c,ccu d,tfu,pcbr e}
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User interfaces
Output messages
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Craftshell output sample Examples of output and explanations of the fields are shown below.
**05
**05 REPT:CELL 145 BBU 1, RFU 1 ALARM SCANNING
Priority SCAN POINT: ALARM GROUP 3, ALARM ID 49
ALARM: RFU PCU FAILURE
STATE: OFF NORMAL
09/26/00 17:05:35 #001947
Command issued
Sequence Number
Date Time
40 DGN:CELL 165,BBU 1,CCU 2! IP all specified cells ACT

09/06/00 08:40:42 #002113
Message
M 42 DGN:CELL 165 BBU 1, CCU 2, ATP Body
09/06/00 08:41:49 #002117
M 42 OP:CELL 165 BBU 1, CCU 2 GROWTH, MANUAL, RMVD

PP 1 NO BLOCKING ON PP
09/06/00 08:42:16 #002122
M 42 DGN:CELL 165 BBU 1, CCU 2, COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED RPT 1
Overview Output messages are formatted system responses to technician

commands or events in the system.
Output messages syntax Output messages result from a technician request or an event in the
system (for example, an alarm). Output messages include the following
fields:
• Priority: Alarm (*C = Critical, ** = Major, * = Minor); M =
Manual, A = Automatically generated. This field is blank for
informational messages.
• Abbreviated time, message body, date, sequence number
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Read-Only Printer (ROP)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Sample ROP output A selected portion of the Read-Only Printer (ROP) output is shown
below. The output is shown as a sample of the messages displayed.
M 05 RST:CELL 169 BBU 1, COMPLETED, ALL

TESTS PASSED
10/22/96 14:05:20 #084038
* 05 OP:CELL 169, BBU 1, ACTIVE
10/22/01 14:05:20 #084039
Description The ROP provides a continuous report of system activities. It can be

configured through the use of a Selectable Cell Site Messaging
(SCSM) command to only display data related to the operation of a
specific base station, or data related to a group of base stations.
Appearance The ROP appears as craftshell output.
Report types There are two types of output reports: solicited and spontaneous.
Solicited reports are generated in response to the commands entered by
the technician. Spontaneous reports are generated without any input
from the technician; they are initiated automatically by system events
or conditions. An example of a spontaneous report is the reporting of a
cell site hardware error and corresponding automatic recovery action.
Report access The Hardware Error Handler (HEH) and CP Fail messages are printed
at the ROP and may reflect problems not displayed on the SDPs. The
ROP printouts should be reviewed at least once a day for CDMA-
related messages.
“ropenv” file Lucent Technologies recommends that you use the ropenv file to define
the ROP environment for your site(s).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Reference
For more information about the ropenv file, refer to Flexent/
Operations and Management Platform (OMP Simplex) Installation
Guide (401-662-002).
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User interfaces
ECP-based interface: Status Display

Pages (SDPs)
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the Status Display Pages (SDPs) used to monitor
the base station.
SDPs Used to access and/or view a base station’s operating condition, the
SDPs present the user with preprogrammed input (command
structures) scenarios.
Reference More information on the SDPs can be found in Flexent/AUTOPLEX

Wireless Networks Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Operation,
Administration, and Maintenance Guide (401-610-160).
Video states of SDP display 3 - 32
Status Display Page (SDP) appearance 3 - 33
SDP system architecture 3 - 35
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User interfaces
Video states of SDP display

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Samples of video state Common SDP video states and their colors are shown below.
color coding
Black on yellow steady:
White on red steady:
Indeterminate INDT
Critical, CRITICAL
Black on red steady:
Major, MAJOR Out-of-service oos
or Minor Alarms MINOR Black on purple steady:
Black on green steady: Unavailable

unav
White on red flashing:

System normal <none>
Alarm
alarm
or Active act
White on red steady:
trbl
Trouble
Reference
A complete list of SDP video states is located in Flexent/
Operation, Administration, and Maintenance Guide (401-610-160).
Color scheme The color red on an SDP generally indicates an abnormal condition; the
color green indicates a normal state. Other background colors are used
to signify specific conditions that may or may not require attention.
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User interfaces
Status Display Page (SDP) appearance

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview SDPs use a consistent display format to provide a user-friendly tool to

monitor the status of a base station.
Sample of SDP display Shown below is a sample of the 2131 SDP that provides base station
equipment status.
Legend:
A Header area
First line - ECP location, generic release, terminal ID, date, time, and
time zone
Second and third lines - system status
B Command entry line (CMD<) for “poke commands”
C Page contents area
D Scrolling system response area/craftshell area
Information displayed on SDPs provide a graphical view of the base station status. Use SDPs to
SDPs do the following:
• Monitor all major component groups
• Obtain snapshot views of system and alarms.
SDP usefulness SDPs show the technician/operator the inner workings of the CDMA
base station system. The SDPs allow the technician to do the following:
• View system status
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User interfaces
• Enter commands
• Receive system responses.
The commands entered by the technician/operator offer the ability to
communicate detailed and specific instructions to any of the base
stations serving the ECP. If the ECP receives a fault from any base
station in the network, that fault is graphically indicated using colors to
indicate levels of severity. While the fault is in progress, the technician
can invoke one or more additional SDPs to further isolate the base
station that communicated the fault condition.
For more information on the video states, see Video states of SDP
display (3-32).
Modes of interaction Two modes of interaction are available on the SDPs:

• Scripted “poke” commands on the command line
• Calls to the craftshell in the bottom window.
The valid poke commands allowed on a given page are listed in a
matrix format. Each row corresponds to the unit that can be “poked”,
and the actions that can be performed on that unit.
It is possible to toggle between the command line and craftshell
prompt. Actual keystrokes for this operation depend on laptop settings.
System delays As displays are updated at preset intervals, there may be a delay
between completion of a command and its acknowledgment on the
SDP.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
SDP system architecture

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview SDPs graphically represent the hardware and software subsystems of

the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station and of the various
components of the MSC.
SDP links diagram SDPs are linked according to a hierarchy as outlined below. This figure
shows the links between the more common pages used with the base
station, and the information associations between pages. The
highlighted pages have screen components unique to the Flexent
2100
2100
Index
Index
TRUNK
TRUNKAlarm
Alarm CELL
CELLAlarm
Alarm
2120
2120
APX
APX System
System Status
Status 2130
2130
Cell
Cell Status
Status Summary
Summary
2150
2150
TRKGRP
TRKGRP
2121
2121
System
System Equipage
Equipage Summary
Summary 2131
2131
Cell
Cell Equipment
Equipment Status
Status
2151
2151 2134
2134 2135
2135 2136
2136 2137
2137 2138
2138 2132
2132
TRKGRP
TRKGRPStatus
Status DS-1
DS-1 LC/SU/BC
LC/SU/BC AMP/GPS/TFU
AMP/GPS/TFU OTU/LMT
OTU/LMT CDMA
CDMA CellSoftware
CellSoftware
DCS Trouble Packet Pipe Trouble

2152
2152 2139 CCU, CE Trouble
Cell Trouble CCC Trouble 2139
TRKGRP CCU,
TRKGRP CCU,CE
CE
2154
2154
Alarms
Alarms
SDPs used with the Flexent There are dozens of SDPs that are available at the Maintenance CRT
CDMA Distributed Base (MCRT) for analyzing equipment. To analyze Flexent CDMA
Station Distributed Base Station performance, use the following SDPs:
• 101 - System Index Page
• 2100 - APX Index Page
• 2120 - APX System Status Page
• 2121 - System Equipage Summary Page
• 2130 - Cell Status Summary Page
• 2131 - Cell Equipment Status Page
• 2132 - Cell Software Status Page
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User interfaces
• 2134 - Cell DS-1 Unit Status Page

• 2136 - Cell TFU/GPS/OM/AMP/RFT Status Page
• 2138 - CDMA Equipment Status Page
• 2139 - Cell CRC CCU Status Page
• 2150 - TRKGRP Summary Page
• 2152 - DCS TRKGRP Status Page
• 2154 - Trunk Group Alarms Page.
Reference
A description of alarm status indicators and poke commands for each
SDP can be found in Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks
Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Operation, Administration, and
Maintenance Guide (401-610-160).
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
Application processor Command Line

Interface (CLI)
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section introduces the application processor Command Line

Interface (CLI).
Reference For more information on the first generation AP, refer to Flexent
Application Processor Cluster (APC) Operation, Administration, and
Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-101). For more information on the
MM-AP, refer to Flexent Wireless Networks Mobility Manager
Application Processor Cluster (MM-APC) Operation, Administration,
and Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-201).
For information on how to use the EMS GUI and how to create EMS
CLI scripts, refer to the Flexent Element Management System (EMS)
User’s Guide (401-710-110).
Access the EMS CLI 3 - 38
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User interfaces
Access the EMS CLI

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Element Management The preferred way to execute the commands is from the EMS GUI. The
System (EMS) GUI EMS CLI is intended to be used primarily when you want to create a
script that will issue a series of individual commands sequentially when
the EMS GUI is unavailable; for example, in the event you are using an
ASCII terminal rather than an X-terminal.
To access the EMS CLI To launch the EMS CLI from OMP menus, perform the following
from OMP menus procedure.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 From an OMP X Terminal, launch the AUTOPLEX OMP Technician menu.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Select the Flexent Element Management System menu item.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Select the EMS Command Line Interface menu item.

Result: An EMS CLI session is invoked in a new console window
and an EMS CLI prompt (and session number) is displayed.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
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User interfaces
To script application The EMS CLI and AP CLI allow you to create scripts to execute sets of
processor OA&M CLI individual commands sequentially. Commands that normally need a
commands confirmation response during a CLI session (that is, when you issue
one CLI command from the UNIX shell) do not require a confirmation
in script mode.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User interfaces
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 Routine maintenance
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to provide a description of maintenance,

common safety recommendations and equipment, and routine
maintenance practices.
Maintenance overview 4-2
Safety recommendations 4-6
Maintenance records and equipment 4 - 10
Routine maintenance 4 - 13
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Routine maintenance
Maintenance overview
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides an overview of maintenance principles.
Maintenance 4-3
Maintenance hierarchy 4-5
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Maintenance
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
The maintenance concept Maintenance is defined as the set of tasks that need to be performed for
the continued operation of a base station.
Maintenance tasks must be performed:
• Routinely, to ensure that the base station operates according to
specifications
• Correctively, to respond to a base station malfunction
• On demand, to improve upon the base station operating condition
Reasons for maintenance Maintenance practices are designed to minimize the possibility and
effects of a system failure. For this reason, the maintenance process
must be able to collect information about the cause of a system failure,
and to provide the tools necessary to correct the situation.
Maintenance objective The objective of the maintenance process is to maximize system

performance and availability at the lowest cost possible. Costs can be
reduced by limiting initialization, diagnostics, and base station visits.
Types of maintenance Maintenance practices can be routine (preventive), corrective, or on-

demand (configuration management).
Routine (or preventive) maintenance

Routine (or preventive) maintenance procedures are used to identify
potential sources of base station failure before they interfere with
service. For example, routine maintenance may locate a failing board in
a redundant unit, and enable replacement before service is affected.
Examples of routine maintenance are the cleaning of the base station
and monitoring its performance.
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance procedures are used to detect failing units
while the base station is in service.
The procedures to remedy a failing unit, whether it has been diagnosed
as part of routine or corrective maintenance, are the same once the
cause of failure has been identified.
An example of corrective maintenance is the replacement of failing
circuit boards.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
On-demand maintenance (or configuration management)

On-demand maintenance (or configuration management) consists of
tasks that are performed on a base station, even though the base station
still operates properly. Examples of on-demand maintenance include
software updates and the addition of capacity.
For further information on software updates and growth/degrowth
procedures, refer to the Configuration Management section of this
document.
Responsibilities Responsibilities for maintenance are shared between the base station
that reports any malfunction to the RCS, the RCS that analyzes and
attempts to correct these malfunctions through software, and the
technician who performs any required physical intervention.
Logistics issues One way to lower maintenance costs is to optimize maintenance

logistics. Examples of where logistics can be optimized are as follows:
• Balance maintenance workload between the MSC and the base
station
• Pool test equipment.
Technical support Technical difficulties with the product should be directed to technical
support at https://wireless.support.lucent.com.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Maintenance hierarchy
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Flexent supports a "parent-child" hierarchy. If a parent is removed

from service, the child unit will be placed in an out-of-service family
state. It is impossible to restore a child when the parent is out of service
(OOS).
Hierarchy description The RCS in the application processor is the controller of the base
station. When the RCS is removed, the base station is OOS. The packet
pipes, TFU, CRC, CCUs, PCBR, and Tx amplifier are independent
Maintenance Units (MUs). The RCS accesses each MU independently
if the parent is active.
Parent-child relationships The parent-child relationships listed below exist for the Flexent CDMA
for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Parent Child
CRC All CCUs in that BBU, all the
PCBRs associated with that
BBU, and all TFUs in the base
station (if CRC is the only in-
service CRC in the base station)
CCU If two adjacent CCUs are out-of-
service, all upstream CCUs will
also be lost
PCBR The Tx amplifier associated with
that PCBR
TFU All CCUs and PCBRs in the base
station; if a spare TFU is
available in a second BBU, it
must be activated (not an
automatic stand-by)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Safety recommendations
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides a description of the recommended saftey policies

that should be adhered to when maintenance is performed.
Precautionary steps 4-7
Laser/Light Emitting Diode (LED) safety guidelines 4-8
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Precautionary steps
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Proper electrostatic discharge (ESD) practices must be followed

whenever circuit packs are handled.
Other precautions Whenever cables and connections are handled:

• Avoid sharp bends
• Follow required procedures to handle connections, especially
those that require the use of torque wrenches.
Live RF cables
DANGER
Never disconnect a live RF cable or apply power to an RF unit
that is in a transmit mode.
ESD precautions Follow the ESD procedures listed in Circuit Maintenance Procedures,
(401-660-125). That information can also be found in Lucent CD-ROM
documentation searching for the term “esd.”
When equipment is handled or a technician works in the backplane
area, a grounded antistatic wrist strap must be worn to protect the
equipment from ESD. Use the guidelines listed below when circuit
packs are handled.
• Turn off power before a circuit pack is inserted or removed only if
directions require it
• Carry the circuit pack in its electrostatic bag and other packing
materials to the replacement site before it is removed from the
package
• Before a circuit pack is replaced, check the identification code to
ensure the proper board is used
• Identify and count circuit packs before they are removed from
their antistatic packaging material.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Laser/Light Emitting Diode (LED) safety guidelines

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Warning
WARNING
Use of controls, adjustments and procedures other than those
specified herein may result in hazardous laser radiation
exposure.
General Laser/LED Some optical fiber telecommunication systems and their associated test
information sets use semiconductor laser/LED transmitters that emit infrared (IR)
light at wavelengths between approximately 800 to 1600 nanometers.
The wavelength of the emitted energy is above the red end of the
visible spectrum, i.e., longer wavelengths. Although radiant energy at
near-IR wavelengths is officially designated invisible, some people can
them.
Classification of lasers/ The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station contains an IEC 60825-1
LEDs 1993 Class 1 LED product. A Class 1 laser/LED is considered to be
incapable of causing biological damage to the eye or skin during its
intended use. This LED transceiver has been tested by the manufacturer
for compliance to EN 60825-1 under normal operating conditions and
under single fault conditions where applicable. TUV-Rheinland has
granted certification to this transceiver for Class 1 LED eye safety and
for use in EN 60950 and EN 60825-2 applications.
Laser/LED safety Under normal operating conditions, the LED in the base station is
precautions for normal completely enclosed. Nonetheless, the following precautions must be
operating conditions observed:
• Because of the potential for eye damage, technicians should not
stare into optical connectors or broken fibers
• Under no circumstances shall laser/LED fiber optic operations be
performed by a technician before satisfactorily completing an
approved training course.
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Routine maintenance
Laser/LED safety During service, maintenance and restoration, an optical fiber

precautions for service, telecommunication system is considered unenclosed, and the
maintenance and precautions listed below must be observed.
restoration conditions
• Only authorized, trained personnel should be permitted to perform
service, maintenance and restoration
• Avoid exposing the eye to emissions from unterminated, energized
optical connectors at close distances
• When removing or replacing laser/LED circuit packs, do not stare
or look directly into the optical port with optical instruments or
magnifying lenses (normal eyeware or indirect viewing
instruments such as Find-R-Scopes are not considered to be
magnifying lenses or optical instruments)
• Only authorized, trained personnel should be permitted to use
optical test equipment during installation or servicing since this
equipment contains semiconductor lasers (some examples of
optical test equipment are optical time domain reflectometers,
hand-held loss test sets and feature finders)
• Under no circumstances should any personnel scan a fiber with an
optical test set without verifying that all laser/LED sources on the
fiber are turned off
• All unauthorized personnel should be excluded from the
immediate area of the base station during installation and service
• Consult ANSI Z136.2, American National Standard for Safe Use
of Optical Fiber Communication Systems Utilizing Lase Diode
and LED Sources (for in the U.S.), and IEC-60825 Part 2 (outside
the U.S.).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Maintenance records and equipment
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides information on the records and equipment a

technician will need to complete maintenance.
Required records and equipment 4 - 11
Maintenance equipment 4 - 12
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Routine maintenance
Required records and equipment

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Requirements To expedite diagnostics, the technician should verify that these items
are available:
• Configuration records that provide the history of installed
components and software
• Maintenance records that provide a history of earlier failures and
corrective actions
• Required maintenance equipment, which includes ESD protection.
Required tools for working The tools listed below are recommended when performing
on circuit packs maintenance on circuit packs.
• ESD wrist strap
• Torque device
• BBU door tool (comcode 408-474-823).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Maintenance equipment
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Test equipment required for maintenance is specific to a given

customer, and may include:
• Radio and control equipment
• Power measurement equipment
• Building and site maintenance equipment.
Radio and control Radio and control equipment includes frequency generators and
equipment analyzers (test sets), and calibrated connectors and cables.
Power measurement Test sets can be used to measure and analyze RF power. In addition,
equipment equipment such as multimeters should be available to check the
operation of AC and DC components.
Building and site To maintain the base station site, it is usually necessary to have tools
maintenance equipment and equipment for general maintenance work available at the site.
Equipment maintenance Test equipment must be maintained to ensure that its outputs are
checks meaningful.
The components that need to be maintained are cables and probes, and
calibration devices such as attenuators.
Equipment maintenance should be performed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s specifications, using up-to-date software.
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Routine maintenance
Routine maintenance
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes recommended practices for routine maintenance.
Routine maintenance Routine maintenance includes activities and tests performed on a

regular schedule to monitor base station performance.
Maintenance schedule 4 - 14
Maintenance records 4 - 15
Drive testing 4 - 16
Performance measurements 4 - 17
Audits 4 - 18
Automated tests overview 4 - 19
Board Level Self Test (BLST) 4 - 20
Routine diagnostics 4 - 21
RF tests 4 - 25
RF transmit power verification 4 - 28
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Routine maintenance
Maintenance schedule
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Sample maintenance Shown below are suggestions for maintenance checks on a base station.
schedules
Typical Preventive Maintenance Schedule
PREVENTIVE CHECK INTERVAL
• Site condition Each visit or 3-month

• Frame Each visit or 3-month
– Cabling
– Weather seals
– Alarm LEDs
– Electrical power levels
– Ventilation (cooling fins and, if equipped, cooling fans)
• FCC Measurements Every 12 Months
Site maintenance Site maintenance tasks performed outside a base station are often
outsourced. These tasks include:
• Visual inspection of antennas, groundings, and other equipment,
to identify and remedy potential sources of hazards
• Maintenance of the site, such as snow removal, and trimming
shrubs.
Equipment maintenance Equipment maintenance includes:

• Inspection of frame hardware to verify that it functions properly
• Automatic software diagnostics to identify failing units. Such
diagnostics are scheduled to minimize impact on service.
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Routine maintenance
Maintenance records
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Need for maintenance Maintenance records keep a history of maintenance activities.

records Maintenance records are necessary to document base station operation,
and to facilitate the performance of any required corrective actions.
Types of maintenance Typical records would include:

records
• Dates of maintenance visits to the base station
• Description of maintenance tasks performed
• Repair and performance logs, such as performance measurements
• Reference documents (such as base station installation and
engineering diagrams)
• Up-to-date base station configuration data (for example, software
release).
Guidelines for maintenance Maintenance records should be kept at the base station for use by
of records maintenance personnel and for audit purposes.
Maintenance records should be neatly organized in folders, with
drawings and logs kept in an organized format to ensure their long-term
availability.
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Routine maintenance
Drive testing
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Drive testing is performed on a periodic basis to meet regulatory

requirements and to identify progressive degradation of performance.
Drive testing measures and compares wireless signals to original
specifications.
Drive testing process Drive testing equates to driving a motor vehicle (complete with mobile
transceiver) in a specific area of coverage while attempting to complete
or monitor mobile calls. It is a performance analysis activity that may
be used to find service-affecting problems. Drive testing an entire
cellular system to find problems is effective in directly assessing
system performance; however, it is time consuming and expensive.
Therefore, system-level drive testing is not normally performed, except
after a retune or major configuration change.
Drive testing may be performed with a normal mobile or a test mobile.
The test mobile is virtually identical to a normal mobile but has
incorporated an automatic answer and the ability to complete a call to
the base station. The test mobile can also check RF propagation
because the receiver measures the base station RF off-air.
Trouble isolation For a system fault that involves the base station, it is important to
determine whether the fault is from the DCS, the transmission link, the
site controller, or the RF. The test mobile is an important tool used to
differentiate between these categories.
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Routine maintenance
Performance measurements
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Performance measurements are unique in that they can be used to

identify cell-site-related faults that may not be detected by the base
station and the RCS, such as call processing coverage problems and
hardware units that have partial performance degradation. For example,
catastrophic and severe failures will be detected by the base station and
the RCS, but less severe service-affecting failures may escape
detection.
Causes of performance The problems listed below can cause reduced radiated power (and
degradation therefore, reduced coverage) without detection:
• Damaged antenna
• Partial lightning damage to antenna/cable
• Damaged feeder
• Damaged, faulty, or waterlogged connectors
• New (since the base station installation) buildings, foliage growth,
and other obstructions.
Types There are four types of performance measurements collected by the

RCS and reported to the MSC:
• Service measurements
• Plant measurements
• Voice channel selection activity (VCSA) measurements
• Power-level measurements.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Audits
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview To detect any discrepancies in the configuration and state of the

Maintenance Units (MUs) in the cell, the RCS periodically performs
routine audits of each MU. This is a low-priority task.
Software audits Software audits detect faults on software that is in service. Software
audits that are run on a regularly scheduled basis (routine audits) can
lead to the detection, isolation, and correction of software data errors
before the errors adversely affect system performance. When audits
detect errors, they recover any lost resources and, if necessary, invoke
appropriate system initializations.
Software audit frequency The frequency of routine audits is controlled exclusively by the system
software; there is no scheduling translation associated with audits.
Audit test errors are reported to the MSC.
Reference Refer to the Series II Cell Site Audit Manual (401-610-078) for a list of
audits that apply to Flexent CDMA.
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Routine maintenance
Automated tests overview

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Automated tests Automated tests for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station
consist of:
• Board Level Self Tests (BLSTs)
• Routine diagnostics
• RF tests.
Board Level Self Test The Board Level Self Tests (BLSTs), are invoked from software that
(BLST) resides in boot memory for each of the processing components in the
base station. These tests represent a core set of low-level hardware tests
designed to verify the basic functionality of a processor module.
Routine diagnostics Routine diagnostics includes tests that are not handled under the initial
self-test suite. These tests are conducted through an automated suite of
tests that return failure messages.
RF tests RF tests test the functionality of the RF path for the system.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
Board Level Self Test (BLST)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The Board Level Self Test (BLST) represents a portion of the Flexent
CDMA Distributed Base Station diagnostic design. This test is
executed either when a board is powered-up or reset. BLSTs verify as
much circuit pack functionality as can be accomplished in a stand-
alone environment.
General description During a BLST, all the processor LEDs are on. Upon conclusion of a
BLST, failures are indicated by red LEDs.
Test results from the BLSTs are available in two ways:
• A real-time display of the results obtained through the execution.
Terse information is provided as a character string output to the
RMT.
• Test results are also stored and made accessible to the board’s
main processor during normal operation.
Boards tested BLSTs automatically test:

• CDMA Radio Controller (CRC)
• CDMA Channel Unit (CCU)
• Timing and Frequency Unit (TFU)
• Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio (PCBR)
• Transmit Amplifier.
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Routine maintenance
Routine diagnostics
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The base station supports highly flexible testing and diagnostics tools.
Routine diagnostic tests are run in groups which address specific areas
of a wireless system. Within each test group, individual tests are broken
into phases that are themselves broken down into segments, which
enables a top-down fault isolation process.
Tools The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station supports two types of
diagnostics tools:
• MSC-based tools
• Remoted Maintenance Tool (RMT).
Levels of diagnostic tests There are three levels of diagnostic tests:

• Low level
• BBU
• BBU with diagnostic image.
When to run the tests Routine diagnostic tests are automatically run on a regularly scheduled
basis to verify that the base station hardware units are operational.
Routine diagnostics can also be invoked manually to help isolate faults
as a function of corrective maintenance.
Automated routine Routine diagnostic tests can be initiated automatically from the MSC.
diagnostics The base station performs the requested diagnostic test and returns the
test results to the MSC. These automated tests are run once a day; the
time of day at which these tests are run is specified in the base station
translations database on the cmmceqp form.
cmmceqp form
The cmmcepq form contains routine diagnostics (rtdiag) timers.
Manually initiated routine Routine diagnostic tests can also be initiated manually, either from the
diagnostics MSC or the RMT. The base station performs the requested diagnostic
test and returns the test results to the MSC or RMT.
ECP-based diagnostics
ECP-based diagnostics use Flexent/AUTOPLEX commands to
communicate with the MSC. These commands are entered through the
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Routine maintenance
OMP from a laptop computer connected to the base station’s craft

interface port.
Process overview
To manually initiate routine diagnostics, a technician must:
1. Invoke Selectable Cell Site Messaging (SCSM) to enable the
operator to limit the display of ROP messages to only those that
relate to the base station
2. Launch routine diagnostics to verify that all circuits operate
properly
3. Inhibit SCSMs once the routine diagnostics have been run to
return the base station monitoring capabilities to their original
status.
Command syntax
To manually invoke routine diagnostics through the OMP, use:
exc:cell a,bbu b,rtdiag
Diagnostics that use the RMT

Tests and diagnostics done through the RMT are based on the use of a
diagnostic image (DI). The DI is a set of testing and diagnostic
instructions that is downloaded to the appropriate boards and stored in
their respective NVM.
Important! These tests are intrusive in nature, and require that

the base station equipment be offline.
For information on the performance of testing and diagnostics through
the RMT, refer to the RMT online help.
How diagnostic tests run Important! Routine diagnostics are service-affecting in that the
tests take the CRC out of service for approximately ten minutes.
In response to a routine diagnostics request, the RCS will trigger a
conditional restore:
1. First the units to be diagnosed will be removed from service.
Additionally, a camp-on procedure will be executed on all active
calls before the base station is taken out of service. (A camp-on
procedure protects active calls from termination for a period of
time.)
2. During the next stage of the conditional restore, the units will be
diagnosed
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Routine maintenance
3. If the units pass the diagnostics, they will be restored to service
Important! When routine diagnostics are executed, the base

station must be in the active state. While the tests are in progress,
the base station will not process calls. If calls are in progress when
the routine diagnostics request is initiated, the request will camp-
on for five minutes. If after five minutes the calls are terminated,
the request is granted. If not, the request is denied.
System response When the system receives an input command, it acknowledges the
command with one of the messages listed below.
• IP = Request has been accepted and will be sent to base station.
Output messages will follow
• RL = Retry later; system is unavailable
• NG = Base station is not equipped with the unit specified in input
command.
Once the diagnostics have been completed, the test results are
displayed: All Tests Pass (ATP), Conditional ATP (CATP), or Some Tests
Failed (STF).
The CATP message is displayed whenever a given module is not
available to be tested.
Diagnostic test results Diagnostic test results provide the starting point, from which a
technician can identify faults (non-alarm). It should be noted that alarm
conditions (such as power, fuse, etc.) can cause diagnostic faults to
appear. Therefore, alarm indications should be cleared before attempts
are made to clear diagnostic troubles. In some instances, it may be
difficult to relate an existing alarm condition to a diagnostic fault
condition.
Failed diagnostics When a diagnostics test fails, test displays indicate the point in the test
sequence where the test failed, in terms of the phase, segment, and test
that has failed.
Inhibit routine diagnostics There are three methods to inhibit routine diagnostics:
• Translations database - enter “n” in the Routine Diagnostics
Enabled field on screen 1 of the cmmceqp RC/V form
• Craftshell (TI) - enter “inh:cell a,rtdiag”
• SDP - Enter poke command on SDP 2132
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Routine maintenance
References To enter commands and interpret failure messages, consult Flexent/

AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell Site/DCS Input/Output Messages
(401-610-107).
For a further description of diagnostic commands for the Flexent/
AUTOPLEX system, consult Flexent/AUTOPLEX Cellular
Telecommunications Systems - System 1000 Cell Site Diagnostic Test
Descriptions (401-660-101).
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Routine maintenance
RF tests
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The PCBR invokes the MM automatically, in accordance with

specifications set in translations, to run antenna and transmit gain tests.
The RF tests cannot be run manually.
When do the tests run? RF tests run automatically at given intervals set in translations.
Antenna tests The RF transmit (Tx Fl) and receive (Rx0 and Rx1) antenna tests
measure the signal return loss to the antenna and compare the measured
value against a test limit. If the measured return loss is less than the test
limit, an alarm is generated.
Test limit
The test limit is determined when the base station is installed. The
RMT causes the base station to execute an RF antenna test, and
determines a basline return loss value. This value can be modified in
translations.
Test execution
The RCS sends a trigger message at regular intervals (set in
translations) to the CRC, which tells the PCBR to execute a test.
Error handling
If the PCBR detects an antenna failure, an autonomous alarm message
is generated.
Configurations and antenna tests

The table below provides information on which antenna tests will run
for a given base station configuration.
Antenna sharing Filter type Tx Fl test Rx0 test Rx1 test

mode
0 (no sharing) 1 (simplex) Yes Yes Yes
0 (no sharing) 2 (duplex) Yes No Yes
1 (sharing Div1 only) 2 (duplex) Yes No No
2 (sharing with non- either No No No
Lucent equipment
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Routine maintenance
Tx gain test The RF Tx gain test checks the power measurements at the base station.
Test implementation
The MM feeds transmit power measurements to the PCBR. The PCBR
compares those values against the digital gain values that it uses to set
its RF output. The PCBR adjusts its internal attenuator (output power)
to attempt to correct discrepancies between the two values.
Error handling
An alarm is generated if the PCBR can no longer adjust its attenuator
enough for the detected cell output power drift.
Test results The status of the tests (for example, pass/fail) may be reported by the:
• Read-Only Printer (ROP)
• Status Display Page (SDP) 2136.
Important! Components in the RFU should not be re-calibrated

in the field. If any modifications are needed to the unit, the entire
RFU should be replaced and sent to the factory to be serviced.
ROP output
Failed RF tests are displayed on the ROP in the following format.
REPT:CELL a,BBU b, RF TEST FAILED

RX0 ANTENNA
SEC CARR ADJ(Db) RX0 BPL RX0 LOSS(db) EXP(dB) OFFSET(dB)
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
RX1 ANTENNA
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
TX ANTENNA
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
c b d e f g h
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Routine maintenance
a = cell site number (1-384)

b = BBU or carrier number (1-2)
c = sector number (1-3)
d = adjustment value (-6dB to +6 dB, set on bbueqp form)
e = receive antenna 0 backplane limit (dB)
f = receive antenna 0 loss (dB)
g = expansion (EXP) value (dB, equal to sum of d and e)
h = offset value (dB, equal to difference of f and g)
Important! This report is only generated if any of the RF tests

fail; it is not generated if all RF tests pass. Data for the receive
antenna is only reported if the Rx antenna test fails. Data for the
transmit antenna is only reported if the Tx antenna test fails.
SDP 2136
RF tests are visible on SDP 2136, under Tx Pw (Tx gain test), Tx Fl
(Tx antenna test), Rx0 (receive 0 antenna test), and Rx1 (receive 1
antenna test). Normal status (tests passed) is reported as “norm” and
failed tests are reported as “fail.”
Responding to failed tests If RF test failures are generated, run diagnostics on the PCBR
(dgn:cell a,bbu b,pcbr) and check the antennas.
Inhibit RF tests To inhibit RF tests, enter “n” in the Tx Antenna Test, Rx Antenna
Test, and TX Gain Test fields on screen 2 of the cmmceqp form.
Test intervals Test intervals can be set for the antenna tests in the Tx Antenna Test
Interval and Receive Antenna Test Interval fields on screen 2 of
the cmmceqp form. Intervals may be set from 10 minutes to 1440
minutes (one day). The technician cannot set a test interval for the Tx
gain test.
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Routine maintenance
RF transmit power verification

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Factory calibration and RF Each RFU is calibrated in the factory, prior to installation. The RF
tests transmit gain is maintained by the closed-loop transmit gain control in
combination with the MM. For more information on the RF tests
performed by the MM, refer to RF tests (4-25).
Power measurements from If desired for verification or routine maintenance purposes, the RF
the RFU output power can be measured. The measurement can be taken when a
constant power signal is generated. It can be measured at the transmit
antenna port or at the RF test port of the RFU using a power meter.
Reference to procedure A detailed procedure for setting up a constant power signal using CFR
is described in the CDMA RF Translation Application Note #1-F
version 3.2 or later.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Corrective maintenance
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to provide an introduction to the

principles and tools used to perform corrective maintenance.
Fault detection 5-2
Alarms 5-7
Fault isolation - diagnostic tests 5-30
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Fault detection
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides a description of corrective maintenance and the

Hardware Error Handling (HEH) strategy used by the base station.
Principles of corrective maintenance 5-3
Hardware Error Handling (HEH) strategy 5-5
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Principles of corrective maintenance

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Corrective maintenance Corrective maintenance is event driven. Corrective maintenance is

usually triggered by an alarm, or by visual observation of physical
damage to the base station or the cell site.
Levels of maintenance Corrective maintenance can be undertaken from three different levels.
Mobile Switching Center (MSC) level

MSC-level corrective maintenance covers maintenance actions that do
not require technician intervention at the base station. These actions are
software-initiated, such as the use of a restore command to reset the
base station after an outage.
Base station level

This type of maintenance requires physical intervention at the cell site.
Base station-level maintenance usually involves the replacement of a
base station component.
Advanced
This level of maintenance corresponds to situations where corrective
actions require expert assistance. An example of such a situation would
be the replacement of components destroyed by lightning.
Sources of errors Sources of errors that will require corrective action are as follows.
• Hardware errors due to, for example, a faulty microprocessor or a
synthesizer out of lock. These errors are detected by on-board self
tests and monitoring.
• Software errors due to, for example, loss of program control
• Voice channel errors, such as access/failure rates
• Mobile errors due to, for example, poor transmission conditions
• Software detection of audit errors.
Cell site housekeeping Cell site fault detection is performed by cell site housekeeping
software software. Faults such as transmitter failure, power and entry alarms,
and speech path conditions are constantly monitored and are
automatically reported to the MSC. In most cases, fault detection,
diagnosis, and recovery are automatic.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Fault detection and Most faults trigger an alarm that is displayed on the SDP, and may be
corrective actions confirmed on circuit pack LEDs.
Faults are usually corrected by:
• Restore action (automated or manual)
• Component replacement.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hardware Error Handling (HEH) strategy

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hardware errors All errors are analyzed by the Hardware Error Handler (HEH) at the
RCS.
Depending upon the severity of the error, HEH either takes immediate
recovery action through the Maintenance Request Administrator, waits
until the error has occurred a predefined number of times before taking
action, or only prints an error report.
HEH performs the types of error analysis listed below.
• Immediate action
• All Tests Pass (ATP) analysis
• Single time-period analysis
• Fail/pass analysis
• Leaky bucket analysis.
Immediate action For severe errors that are service-affecting, such as loss of
communication between the RCS and the base station, HEH takes
immediate action. For on-board hardware errors, HEH will request a
conditional or unconditional restore of the suspect unit.
The conditional restore maintenance action schedules an event or
process to restore the suspect unit after the unit passes a diagnostic test.
If the unit fails the diagnostic test, the conditional restore aborts. The
failed unit remains in the out-of-service state.
All Tests Pass (ATP) For an HEH-initiated conditional restore request, if the unit passes all
analysis diagnostic tests, the unit is restored to service and HEH adds a count to
an ATP counter for the unit. If that count exceeds an assigned threshold
within a predefined time period (typically three in 40 minutes or five in
24 hours), HEH will request an unconditional remove of the unit (the
diagnostic tests for the unit may not be robust enough to detect the
problem, or the problem is external to the unit). This type of error
analysis prevents a recovery cycle that might otherwise continue
indefinitely.
Single time-period analysis This type of analysis refers to the use of error counters assigned to each
hardware unit. If an error count for a unit remains below a predefined
threshold for a specific period of time, HEH clears the counter. This
type of error analysis is based on the theory that if a unit has remained
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
reliable for an extended period of time, its error history should be

disregarded.
Fail/pass analysis HEH performs this type of error analysis on call processing detected
errors such as voice channel confirmation failures. When the number of
failures exceeds some predefined value relative to the number of
successful attempts (such as 2400 failures in 4000 attempts), HEH
takes recovery action.
Leaky bucket analysis This analysis refers to the decrements of non-zero error counters for the
configurable hardware units. The decrements are done at set time
intervals. This technique is more flexible than a simple analysis based
on the number of errors in a single fixed period of time. The count
increments each time the error being tracked occurs on the circuit
involved. If a specified number of errors have accumulated in a specific
amount of time, the circuit is usually taken out of service. If the error
has not occurred in a given amount of time, the count decrements. If the
count reaches zero, the error block is released.
Reference For more information on HEH messages, refer to Flexent/

Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (401-610-160).
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Alarms
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the alarms associated with the Flexent CDMA
Base station alarm description 5-8
BBU power alarms 5-10
TFU and OM alarms 5-11
CRC alarms 5-12
CCU alarms 5-13
IOC alarms 5-14
FOM alarms 5-15
Intrusion alarm 5-16
RFU PCU alarms 5-18
PCBR alarms 5-19
Measurement Module (MM) alarms 5-20
Transmit amplifier alarms 5-21
Frame alarms 5-22
User alarms 5-25
Alarm testing 5-27
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Base station alarm description

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Alarm roles Alarms are often the first indication of cell site trouble, and indicate:
• Hardware failures
• User-defined conditions.
Alarm indications can be supplemented by other signs of failures, such
as error messages from the automated tests described in Chapter 4.
Alarm indications The majority of alarm conditions reported to the MSC can be visually
identified at the cell site by observing equipment alarm indicators.
Some alarm indications are latched (that is, they remain until they are
reported). Non-latched alarms may or may not remain long enough to
be read and reported.
Alarm severity Alarms are also classified by level of severity/priority of required

action:
1. Critical: indicates events that cause an interruption of customer
service or possible damage to equipment
2. Major: indicates events that cause critical degradation of customer
service and require immediate action
3. Minor: indicates a failure of marginal degradation of customer
service (for example, degradation of voice quality, but not so
much as to bring voice quality out of design specifications), or a
condition that requires maintenance action but its consequences
are not of a global or immediate nature
4. Warning: indicates a failure that causes no noticeable degradation
of customer service, and typically does not require immediate
action.
Alarm reporting Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station alarms are reported to the
RCS. In addition, some alarms activate an LED display on the
appropriate equipment.
The CRC collects alarms from three sources in the base station. The
PCBR is the collection source for all RFU alarms, the FOM is the
collection source for BBU frame alarms, and the TFU is the collection
source for user alarms.
Alarm scanning The scanned alarms can be classified as follows:

• Transmit and receive amplifier alarms
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• Frame alarms
• User alarms.
Alarm visibility Alarms are indicated in the following ways:

• Failed routine diagnostics or RF tests (refer to “Routine
diagnostics” and “RF tests” in Chapter 4 for more information on
these tests)
• Failed diagnostics
• Alarm indicators and poke commands on SDPs, represented by
color changes or flashes; the SDPs may also indicate the state
(critical, major, or minor) of the alarm
• Greater details on the specific nature of the alarm can be found on
the ROP and craftshell interfaces
• Visible indicator lights, Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), on the
components in the BBU, that change color to reflect an alarm
condition.
Reference
For information on the SDPs, refer to Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless
Networks Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Operation,
Administration, and Maintenance Guide (401-610-160).
For information on the output messages used in the ROP, refer to
Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell Site/DCS Input/Output
Messages (401-610-107) and AUTOPLEX® Cellular
Telecommunications Systems/System 1000 Input Messages Manual
(401-610-055) /Output Messages Manual (401-610-057).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
BBU power alarms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The BBU power units generate five alarms. All of the alarms are
connected to the FOM, which provides them to the CRC.
BBU power alarms The frame alarms listed below are generated for the BBU power units.
Alarm Module (AC-DC

or DC-DC)
AC-DC Failure AC-DC
AC-DC Overtemp AC-DC
Battery Disconnect (Optional) AC-DC
AC Low (Battery On) AC-DC
DC-DC Failure DC-DC
BBU power LEDs The two LED indicators listed below are available on each BBU power
unit module.
Module Label/color Condition

AC-DC Alarm (red) Failure
Output (green) Operational
DC-DC Alarm (red) Failure
Output (green) Operational
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
TFU and OM alarms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The TFU sends TFU and OM hardware errors and user alarms to the
CRC.
TFU hardware errors The TFU generates hardware errors on the peripheral bus due to these
conditions:
• GPS satellites cannot be traced
• Satellite lock has been lost and flywheeling is in process
• GPS receiver failure.
TFU LEDs The LED indicators listed below are available for each TFU.
Label/color Condition
FAIL (red) TFU failure
NVM (yellow) Context-sesitive event in progress (for
example, NVM download)
ACT (green) TFU enabled for generating clock signals,
and the OM and GPS are functional
OM FAIL (red) OM failure
FLY EX (red) TFU has exceeded the maximum flywheel
time
LOCK GPS (green) GPS unit is locked to the GPS satellite signal
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CRC alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The CRC receives BBU frame alarms from the FOM, and receives all
RFU alarms and errors. User alarms are received from the TFU.
CRC LEDs The seven LED indicators listed below are available for the CRC.
FAIL (red) Board failure
NVM (yellow) NVM update in progress
ACT (green) CRC operational
P-LOS (red) Loss of signal, one for each T1/E1 line
S-LOS (red)
P-OOF (red) Loss of frame alignment, one for each T1/E1 line
S-OOF (red)
P-AIS (red) Receiving alarm indication signal, one for each
S-AIS (red) T1/E1 line
P-EER (red) Excessive error rate, one for each T1/E1 line
S-EER (red)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CCU alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The CCU has three front panel LEDs.
CCU LEDs The LEDs for the CCU indicate these conditions.
Condition/color Condition
FAIL (red) The CCU has failed diagnostics, one or more
CEs have failed to initialize, or another
component has failed to initialize
ACT (green) The CCU is functioning properly and at least
one CE is enabled
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
IOC alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The IOC displays RFU transmit status, and has switches to control the
connections to the RFUs.
IOC LEDs The IOC has three LEDs (Tx3, Tx2, Tx1) that indicate the transmit
status from the RFUs associated with the BBU. Under normal
operating conditions, these LEDs are green.
A red LED may indicate one or more of the following conditions:
• Call processing is inhibited
• Tx toggle switch on the IOC is in the down (off) position
• Fibers are disconnected
• Link failure.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
FOM alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The FOM generates four alarms for each of the three BBU-RFU fiber
links. These alarms are reported to the CRC.
FOM alarms The alarms listed below are generated for each of the three BBU-RFU
fiber links.
Alarm Condition
Optical detect failure This alarm is asserted when a port fails to detect light
from the remote end. When asserted, the alarm
indicates that the optical detector has failed, that the
fiber in the receive direction has failed, or that the
optical transmitter in the remote end has failed.
Unable to acquire framing This alarm is asserted when the layer link controller is
failure not framed and involved in a valid layer exchange
with the remote end. The alarm can indicate that the
remote end is not properly started, or that there is a
failure in the higher level functions of the link layer
processing of the remote end.
Frame parity error This alarm is asserted when the link encounters bit
errors. The alarm can indicate that a link is affected by
dirt in the connectors, weak, or contains failing fiber
or optical devices.
Unable to detect loopback data This alarm is asserted when there is a break in the link
stream loop.
One LED is available on the FOM to indicate these conditions.
RD-FAIL (red) The FOM has failed.
GRN-ACT (green) The FOM is functional.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Intrusion alarm
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview An intrusion alarm is generated when the door of a BBU is opened.
Intrusion alarm The intrusion alarm is carried from the FOM to the CRC.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU LEDs
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The RFU displays five LEDs inside the junction box.
RFU LEDs The LEDs for the RFU indicate these conditions.
FAIL (red) RFU failure
Tx (green) Tx active
DVP (red) Failure
ACT (green) Active
Important! For a properly functioning RFU, two LEDs (the Tx

and ACT LEDs) are green.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU PCU alarms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The RFU PCU generates five PCU alarms and one optional fan alarm.
RFU PCU alarms The frame alarms listed below are generated from the RFU PCU.
Alarm Polarity
PCU Failure Active Low
PCU Overtemp Active Low
High Battery Active Low
Low Battery Active Low
Fan Failure (Optional) Active Low
AC Low (Battery on) Active Low
RFU fan alarm An optional fan is available for each RFU. The failure alarm for each
fan is connected through the PCU module to the PCBR. The alarm is
sent to the CRC as a frame alarm over the peripheral bus. If fans are
installed, they will be in all RFUs for that base station. If fans are not
installed, the CRC filters the fan alarm and does not send it to the RCS.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
PCBR alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The PCBR is the collection source for all RFU alarms.
PCBR hardware errors The PCBR generates the hardware errors listed below on the peripheral
bus:
• PCBR RF test errors
• PCBR over-temperature
• FOI failure.
LNA functionality Important! There are no hardware alarms generated by the

LNA.
Since the LNAs for both receive diversity paths are located inside of
the PCBR, the LNA is not considered a maintenance unit, and will
therefore not generate hardware alarms.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Measurement Module (MM) alarms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The Measurement Module (MM) generates two hardware errors. These
alarms are read by the PRIM, and then passed to the CRC.
MM hardware errors The MM generates these hardware errors.
HW error Description Effects

Synth1 Fail Failure of pre-distortion The failure of this synthesizer
synthesizer will affect the pre-distortion
algorithm performance, Tx
power test, and Tx antenna test.
Synth2 Fail Failure of Rx Test Synthesizer If this synthesizer fails, the Rx1
antenna test cannot be
performed. Also, the Rx antenna
test cannot be performed on the
Rx0 simplex antenna for
configurations with simplex
receive filters.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Transmit amplifier alarms

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Transmit amplifier alarms indicate a failure condition in the transmit

amplifier that impacts call transmission capability. System software
will automatically block calls to the particular RF path if a critical
alarm is received from the transmit amplifier.
Tx amplifier alarms The alarms listed below are generated for the amplifier.
Alarm Condition
RF overdrive This alarm is asserted when the RF output power of the
amplifier is too high. The amplifier will reduce its gain to
protect itself, but will continue to transmit. When the RF
signal re-enters the normal range, the alarm will clear and the
amplifier will operate with normal gain.
Internal voltage out of This alarm is asserted when one of the DC supply voltages
range provided to the amplifier is out of operating range. The
amplifier will shut itself down under this condition, and
technician intervention will be needed to restore the unit to
service.
DC current out of range This alarm is asserted when one or more of the internal
amplification stages draws too much or too little power. The
amplifier will shut itself down under this condition, and
technician intervention will be needed to restore the unit to
service.
Over temperature This alarm is asserted when one or more of the internal
sensors in the amplifier indicates an over-temperature
condition. The amplifier will shut itself down under this
condition, and will return to service once it has cooled off to
within normal operating temperatures.
Circuit failure This alarm is asserted when the amplifier detects a failure in
one of its internal circuits. The amplifier will shut itself down
under this condition, and technician intervention will be
needed to restore the unit to service.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Frame alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Frame alarms indicate irregularities in the environmental condition at

the base station. These could include temperature and intrusion alarms.
Frame alarm table The frame alarms listed below are generated for the Flexent CDMA
Frame Meaning RFU BBU

Alarm # Number Number
1 BBU1 AC-DC Failure 1
2 BBU1 AC-DC Overtemp
3 BBU1 AC-DC Battery Disconnect
(Optional equipment)
4 BBU1 AC-DC Low Input
5 BBU1 DC-DC Fail
6-7 Spare
8 BBU1 Cabinet Intrusion
9 BBU1 Fan/Heater Fail (Optional
equipment)
10-21 BBU1 FOM Alarms
22 BBU2 AC-DC Failure 2
23 BBU2 AC-DC Overtemp
24 BBU2 AC-DC Battery Disconnect
(Optional equipment)
25 BBU2 AC-DC Low Input
26 BBU2 DC-DC Fail
27-28 Spare
29 BBU2 Cabinet Intrusion
30 BBU2 Fan/Heater Fail (Optional
equipment)
31-42 BBU2 FOM Alarms
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

43-63 Reserved for BBU3 3
64 RFU PCU failure 1
65 RFU PCU Overtemp
66 RFU PCU High Battery
67 RFU PCU Low Battery
68 RFU PCU Battery ON
69 Fan Failure (Optional equipment)
71 RFU PCU Overtemp
77 RFU PCU Overtemp
83 RFU PCU Overtemp
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

89 RFU PCU Overtemp
95 RFU PCU Overtemp
100-105 Reserved for RFU 7 7
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User alarms
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview User alarms are provided for use by the service provider to report base
station alarms that are not triggered by the base station itself. A
maximum of twelve user alarms can be connected to the Flexent
User alarm parameters User alarm parameters are defined in the cmmceqp RC/V form.
Alarm description User alarm points are external to the base station and their lines are
surge-protected. Since they connect to external equipment, the user
alarms are electrically isolated from the TFU circuitry. An alarm
consists of two-lead current loops, whose state of open or closed
indicates an alarm condition. Service providers can specify which state
indicates an alarm when they define the User Alarm Parameters in the
cmmceqp form.
Alarm connections User alarms are routed into the BBU through the I/O module, and are
surge-protected on entrance. All user alarms are collected by the TFU.
In configurations with an additional TFU, the user alarms can be
connected to BBU1 and BBU2 in parallel.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
User alarm table The table below shows the user alarms available for the Flexent CDMA
User Connected to TFU Polarity

Alarm ID Signal Name*
0 USER0 Polarity is defined by the
service provider through the
1 USER1
RC/V translations. The TFU
2 USER2 reports a value of 0x00 for
3 USER3 open and 0x01 for closed.
4 USER4
5 USER5
6 USER6
7 USER7
8 USER8
9 USER9
10 USER10
11 USER11
* If user alarms are not connected to the second TFU in BBU2, that
TFU will report a value of 0x00 since there are no connections to these
pins.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Alarm testing
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Alarm testing is used to verify that alarms are being reported to the
switch.
Alarm scanning detects and reports alarm messages to the switch.
When installed, the use of the Selectable Cell Site Messaging (SCSM)
feature allows the technician to re-route the message related to a
specific base station to its terminal.
Procedure summary Before the intrusion and user alarms are tested, invoke the SCSM
feature:
1. Check that SCSM is available
2. Clear registers and report alarms that are currently invoked
3. Produce list of base stations for which the SCSM feature routes
messages to a specific terminal.
Check the intrusion and user alarms:
1. Open the door of the BBU undergoing tests
2. Close and securely latch the door. Clear intrusion alarm
3. Test the user alarms.
Invoke SCSM feature Invoke the SCSM feature before the intrusion and user alarms are
tested.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Before the alarms are tested, verify that SCSM is available.
alw:cell a,scsm
a = RCS number (1-384)
Result: OK (Feature is available and activated for the specified
base station)
or
FEATURE NOT ACTIVE (SCSM not activated in feature activation
file)
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Next, clear registers and report alarms that are currently invoked.
init:cell a:spp as
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Important! An alarm will report only when its state (OFF

NORMAL or NORMAL) changes.
Result: OK (When no alarms are present)
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Produce a list of base stations for which the SCSM feature routes
messages to a specific terminal.
op:cell,scsm
Important! If ROP messages are not being routed to the

terminal on which they were ‘allowed’, re-enter the alw:cell a,
scsm command.
Result: A list of base stations is generated.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Test intrusion and user Test the intrusion and user alarms.
alarms
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 To test the intrusion alarm, unlatch the door latches and open the BBU
door.
Result: REPT:CELL a BBU b ALARM SCANNING

SCAN POINT: ALARM GROUP 3, ALARM ID 6
ALARM: CELL DOOR OPEN
STATE: OFF NORMAL
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 To clear the intrusion alarm, close and securely latch the BBU door.
Result: REPT:CELL a BBU b ALARM SCANNING
SCAN POINT:ALARM GROUP 3, ALARM ID 6

ALARM: CELL DOOR OPEN
STATE: NORMAL
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 To test User Alarm 1, set the DIP switch 1 to ON position and place the
ground pin on User Alarm 1.
Result: REPT:CELL a ALARM SCANNING

ALARM: USER ALARM 1
STATE: OFF NORMAL
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 To clear User Alarm 1, set the DIP switch 1 back to OFF position and
remove the ground from User Alarm 1.

ALARM: USER ALARM 1
STATE: NORMAL
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 To test the User Alarms that remain, repeat Steps 3 and 4 for User
Alarms 2 - 12.
SCAN POINT: ALARM GROUP 2, ALARM ID (2- 12)

ALARM: USER ALARM (2 – 12)
STATE: NORMAL
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Fault isolation - diagnostic tests
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides a description of diagnostic tests.
Fault isolation principles 5-31
Component diagnostics 5-33
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Fault isolation principles

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
What is fault isolation? Fault isolation covers activities designed to:

• Identify the source of trouble
• Correct the failure condition.
Corrective action may require hardware component replacement.
Fault isolation steps Fault isolation steps begin with an analysis of symptoms, followed by
trouble isolation going down the data path. The next step involves the
identification of the point of failure, and uses techniques such as the
measurement of the output signal down the data path. The last activity
involves corrective action, such as the restoration and/or replacement
of a faulty component.
Most fault isolation follows these guidelines:
1. Analysis of symptoms
2. Trouble isolation
• Follow data path
3. Identify point of failure
• Manual trouble locating procedures
• Measure output signal down the data path
4. Corrective action (for example, restore, replace faulty component,
etc.).
Fault isolation triggers Fault isolation should be undertaken when:

• Failure conditions are indicated in ROP output
• Failure conditions are indicated on SDPs
• Customers issue complaints
• There is a degradation in system performance.
Diagnostics tests Diagnostic tests can be run from the RMT or MSC, and serve to isolate
system faults.
Routine diagnostics
Routine diagnostic tests can be initiated by a technician to run
diagnostics on the entire base station. For more information on routine
diagnostics, refer to “Routine diagnostics” in Chapter 4.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Component diagnostics
Once the source of error has been narrowed down, a technician can run
diagnostics specific to a single component.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Component diagnostics
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The procedures described below can be used to diagnose specific

components of the base station.
Procedure summary Use the general procedure to diagnose a component.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Remove the unit undergoing diagnostics from service.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Diagnose the unit, take corrective action (if necessary), and restore the
unit to service.
Important! The conditional restore command (rst:)

automatically runs diagnostics on a component before the
component is restored to service. The restore will abort if the
component fails diagnostics. Alternatively, the diagnostics
command (dgn:) can be used to run diagnostics, and, once all tests
have passed, the unconditional restore command (rst:xxx;ucl)
can be used to restore the component to service.
Reference: If diagnostics fail [a Some Tests Failed (STF) response
is generated or a component is not restored to service], and a
component must be replaced, refer to Chapter 6.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
CRC diagnostics To diagnose the CRC:
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Unconditionally remove the CRC from service.
rmv:cell a,bbu b, crc;ucl

a = RCS number (1 – 384)
b = BBU number (1-2)
Result: RMV:CELL a BBU b CRC, COMPLETED
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Use a conditional restore to diagnose and restore the CRC.

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
rst:cell a,bbu b,crc
Important! If diagnostics fail, the component will not be

restored to service.
Result: If diagnostics pass, the ROP will display:
RST:CELL a BBU b CRC, ATP

RST:CELL a BBU b CRC, COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
CCU diagnostics To diagnose CCUs:
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Unconditionally remove the CCU to be diagnosed from service.
rmv:cell a,bbu b, ccu c;ucl

c = CCU number (1-6)
Result: RMV:CELL a BBU b CCU c COMPLETED
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Use a conditional restore to diagnose and restore CCU c.

rst:cell a,bbu b, ccu x

RST:CELL a BBU b CCU c, ATP

RST:CELL a BBU b CCU c, COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Repeat the above procedure for each CCU.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
TFU diagnostics To diagnose the TFU:
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Unconditionally remove the TFU from service.
rmv:cell a,bbu b,tfu;ucl

Result: RMV:CELL a BBU b TFU, COMPLETED
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Use a conditional restore to diagnose and restore the TFU.

rst:cell a, bbu b,tfu

RST:CELL a BBU b TFU, ATP

RST:CELL a BBU b TFU, COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
PCBR diagnostics To diagnose the PCBR:
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Unconditionally remove the PCBR from service.
rmv:cell a,bbu b,pcbr c;ucl

c = PCBR number (1-3)
Result: RMV:CELL a BBU b, PCBR c, COMPLETED
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Use a conditional restore to diagnose and restore the PCBR.

rst:cell a,bbu b, pcbr c
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

RST: CELL a BBU b PCBR c, ATP

RST: CELL a BBU b PCBR c, COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 Replace components and repair a
base station
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to enable the field replacement of failing
components and/or the performance of on-site repairs. Given the
modularity of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station, repairs
will essentially be accomplished through replacement of the faulty
component.
Fault isolation Refer to “Base station alarm description” in Chapter 5 for information
on isolating a faulty component.
Replacement process The replacement/repair process follows the identification of a failed

Field Replaceable Unit (FRU).
Depending on the FRU, the process may be a simple swap of the unit,
and/or require that base station operating parameters be reset and/or
recalibrated.
Safety precautions Refer to Chapter 4, “Before you begin maintenance,” for safety
procedures and equipment required to replace components.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace components and repair a base station
General directions The rules listed below should be respected:

• Follow Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection procedures.
• Use only recommended tools, especially when using a torque
wrench.
• Do not mishandle cables and connections.
Important! Only the components in the BBU can be replaced.

The entire RFU is treated as an FRU. Procedures for fault isolation
for an RFU are found in “RFU troubleshooting (6-18).”
Required tools The tools listed below are recommended for replacement of
components.
• ESD wrist strap
• Torque device
• BBU door tool (comcode 408-474-823).
Process outline The process to replace a failed unit is as follows:

1. Verify that the component is out of service
2. If required, change the base station configuration
3. Replace component
To remove a component, untorque the screws; then lift the latch,
and slide the component out of its slot in the BBU.
To insert a component, slide the component into its slot in the
BBU, and then close the latch and torque to 6 in-lbs.
4. Return to service
5. Test, and if necessary, calibrate.
BBU troubleshooting 6-3
RFU troubleshooting 6 - 18
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
BBU troubleshooting
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this section is to describe troubleshooting and

replacement of the BBU components.
Power cycle the BBU 6-4
Reseat/replace the FOM 6-5
Reseat/replace the CRC 6-7
Replace the AC-DC or DC-DC power units 6-9
Replace the TFU 6 - 11
Replace a CCU 6 - 13
Replace the IOC and OM 6 - 16
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Power cycle the BBU

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to power cycle the Power cycle the BBU if you suspect that a BBU component is stuck in
BBU a particular state.
Important! This procedure is service-affecting.
Fiberoptic cable safety Follow the appropriate safety precautions to handle the fiberoptic
cables.
Reference
For safety precautions and required equipment, refer to “Before you
begin maintenance” in Chapter 4.
Power cycle the BBU Use the steps below to power cycle the BBU.
Important! For BBUs featuring DC backup, both the AC-DC

and DC-DC units must be disconnected prior to power cycling.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Power down all RFUs.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Power cycle the BBU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Power up all RFUs.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Check to see if the failure is still present.

Result: If the failure is no longer present, continue testing from the
original test failure.
If the failure is still present, replace the suspected component or
contact technical support at https://wireless.support.lucent.com.
Use the “Ask Lucent” feature as the first point of contact; if the
issue is unresolved, call technical support at 1-866-Lucent8.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reseat/replace the FOM

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to reseat or replace If a problem does not follow the RFU hardware or the fiberoptic cable,
the FOM first try to reseat the FOM.
If a problem can be isolated to the port of the FOM, and reseating the
original FOM did not solve the problem, replace the FOM.
cables.
Reference
Reseat/replace the FOM Use the steps below if you need to replace the FOM.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Power down the BBU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Loosen the screws and remove the front panel of the BBU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Disconnect all of the fiberoptic cables from the FOM.
Important! Note the ports from which each cable is removed.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 Loosen the screws holding the circuit pack in its slot.
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 Lift the latch and slide the circuit pack out of the BBU.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
7
If Then
reseating the circuit pack, slide the same FOM back into the slot
and close the latch
replacing the circuit pack, slide the replacement circuit pack into
the slot and close the latch
............................................................................................................................................................................
8 Torque the screws for the circuit pack to 6 in-lbs.
............................................................................................................................................................................
9 Connect the fiberoptic cables to the FOM.
............................................................................................................................................................................
10 Power up the BBU. Wait for the active CRC, TFU, and FOM LEDs to
turn green.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
12 Replace the front panel of the BBU. Secure the screws so that they are
finger-tight: secured, but not stripped.
............................................................................................................................................................................
13 Check to see if the original failure still exists.

Result: If the failure is no longer present, continue testing from the
original test failure.
If the failure is still present, follow the steps to “Power cycle the
BBU (6-4).”
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reseat/replace the CRC

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to reseat/replace the If all RFUs are failing and the FOM is not suspect, reseat the CRC.
CRC
If the CRC is determined to be faulty, replace the circuit pack.
Conditions The conditions associated with replacement of the CRC are

summarized below.
Conditions Value Comments
Hot swappable Y The CRC should not need to be

(Y/N) removed or restored from service.
Need for re- N if After the CRC has completed its

download (Y/N) initialization is Board Level Self Test (BLST), the
successful board initializes and checks the board
Y if NVM. If the board contains the
initialization correct image, there is no need for
fails technician intervention. Perform the
op:cell command to check the
generic. If it is not the correct image,
the technician must perform an NVM
download through the TI “send”
command.
Replace the circuit pack Important! Always wear an ESD wrist strap when handling
components.
To reseat/replace the out-of-service CRC, follow the steps listed below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 If reseating the CRC, slide the same circuit pack back into the slot and
close the latch.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
If replacing the CRC, slide the replacement circuit pack into the slot
and close the latch.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
Result: The CRC should re-initialize automatically. If it does not,
refer to the “Conditions” table on the previous page to check the
generic.
If troubleshooting an RFU problem and all RFUs continue to fail,
proceed to “Power cycle the BBU (6-4).”
Commands The CRC should not need to be removed or restored to service. Use the
commands in the table below if the circuit pack needs to be removed
from service or does not automatically return to service after
replacement.
Purpose Command
Command to take unit out of rmv:cell a, bbu b, crc

service Where a=RCS# 1-384, b=BBU# 1-2
Command to restore unit rst:cell a, bbu b, crc
Message if successful RST:CELL a BBU b CRC, ATP

(both lines will be received) RST:CELL a BBU b CRC, COMPLETED,
ALL TESTS PASSED
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace the AC-DC or DC-DC power units

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Conditions Replacement is done on an out-of-service base station. The conditions

for the replacement of a power unit are summarized below.
Condition Value Comments
Hot swappable (Y/N) Y Power unit replacement disrupts

transmission
Need for re-download N

(Y/N)
Other Issues During the replacement of a power unit,

there will be no power to the OM. This
will result in the need for a 30-minute
warm-up of that module after the
replacement has been completed before
the carrier can be restarted.
components.
To replace the out-of-service power unit, follow the steps listed below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Power down the BBU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 Slide the replacement circuit pack into the slot and close the latch.
............................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace the TFU

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Conditions Important! This procedure is service-affecting.

This operation requires that the unit be taken out of service. The
conditions associated with replacement of the TFU are summarized
below.
Hot swappable (Y/N) Y
Need for re-download (Y/N) N Download is automatically done

at restore.
RMT required for operation N

(Y/N)
components.
To replace the out-of-service TFU, follow the steps listed below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Commands The TFU should not need to be removed or restored to service. Use the
replacement.
Purpose Command
Command to take unit out of rmv:cell a, bbu b, tfu; ucl

service Where a=RCS# 1-384, and
b=BBU# 1-2
Command to restore unit rst:cell a, bbu b, tfu
Message if successful RST:CELL a BBU b TFU, ATP

(both lines will be received) RST:CELL a BBU b TFU,
COMPLETED, ALL TESTS PASSED
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace a CCU
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Conditions Replacement of a CCU requires that the base station be taken out of
service only when the base station is equipped with a single CCU. If the
base station is equipped with two CCUs, calls are supported by the
second CCU during the replacement. The conditions associated with
replacement of a CCU are summarized below.
Hot swappable (Y/N) Y
Need for re-download (Y/N) N Download is automatically done

at restore.
RMT required for operation N

(Y/N)
Before a CCU is removed For a conditional or unconditional removal of a CCU, (either manually,
or as the result of a fault), the following conditions apply.
1. If a CCU is removed when an adjacent CCU is already out-of-
service, all upstream CCUs will also go out-of-service (OOS). For
the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station, upstream CCUs are
the ones located closer to the CRC.
2. All CCUs are subject to a total CDMA channel element major/
minor OOS limit. 3G-1X CCUs are subject to the CDMA 3G-1X
channel element major/minor OOS limit.
• If either major limit is exceeded during a conditional remove,
the remove request is rejected. If either major limit is
exceeded during an unconditional remove, the remove
request proceeds, and notification that the OOS limit has
been exceeded is sent to the MSC.
• If the request does not exceed the major limits, but does
exceed the total or 3G-1X minor limits, the remove request
proceeds, and notification that the OOS limit has been
exceeded is sent to the MSC.
3. Traffic is camped-on prior to the removal of the CCU. During a
conditional remove, the request is rejected if the traffic is not
cleared within five minutes. For an unconditional remove, traffic
is dropped after five minutes, and notification of the dropped
traffic is sent to the MSC.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
In the image below, the CCU ordering scheme is depicted. CCUs 2-6
are considered to be “upstream” from CCU-1. As an example in
applying the first condition described on the previous page, if CCU-4 is
OOS, and a technician removes CCU-3 from service, CCU-5 and
CCU-6 also go OOS.
components.
To replace the out-of-service CCU, follow the steps listed below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Commands The CCU should not need to be removed or restored to service. Use the
replacement
Purpose Command
Command to take unit rmv:cell a, bbu b, ccu c

out of service Where a=RCS# 1-384, b=BBU# 1-2 and
c=CCU# 1-6
Command to restore unit rst:cell a, bbu b, ccu c
Message if successful RST:CELL a BBU b CCU c, ATP

(both lines will be received) RST:CELL a BBU b CCU c, COMPLETED,
ALL TESTS PASSED
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace the IOC and OM

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Conditions Important! This procedure is service-affecting.

To replace the OM, the entire IOC must be replaced.
Hot swappable (Y/N) N The temperature of the OM must

stabilize after replacement, before the
base station can be restored to
service.
Need for re-download N
(Y/N)
RMT required for N
operation (Y/N)
Commands The base station should be removed from service prior to replacement
of the IOC/OM.
Purpose Command
Command to take base rmv:cell a, bbu b, tfu

station out of service Where a=RCS# 1-384, b=BBU # 1-2
Command to restore base rst:cell a, bbu b, tfu

station
Message if successful RST:CELL a BBU b TFU, ATP

(both lines will be received) RST:CELL a BBU b TFU, COMPLETED,
ALL TESTS PASSED
components.
To replace the IOC, follow the steps listed below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU troubleshooting
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The purpose of this section is to troubleshoot and repair the RFU and
associated components.
When to troubleshoot Before replacing an RFU, troubleshoot using the procedures in this
section. Potential problems may include: being unable to configure
radios, the cell inventory not obtaining amplifier information, or an
FOM port showing up as OOS. Using these procedures you should be
able to isolate a fault to the RFU, fiberoptic cable, or BBU circuit pack.
Pole-mounted RFUs For pole-mounted RFUs, it is not possible to verify that the RFU Tx
LEDs are lit. Omit this step in the procedures that follow.
Potential scenarios 6 - 19
Power cycle the suspect RFU 6 - 21
Logically swap the suspect RFU 6 - 23
Replace the fiberoptic cable 6 - 25
Replace the RFU 6 - 26
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Potential scenarios
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
For all RFU For all suspected cases of RFU problems, first verify that the TFU is
troubleshooting active and has GPS lock, and the FOM active LED is green.
No communication to any If both the Tx amplifier and PCBR for all RFUs are out-of-service, you
RFUs may suspect that there is no communication between the FOM in the
the RFUs. Begin to troubleshoot this problem by following the steps
below:
1. Reseat/replace the FOM (6-5)
2. Reseat/replace the CRC (6-7)
3. Power cycle the BBU (6-4).
No communication to a If both the Tx amplifier and PCBR are out-of-service, you may suspect
single RFU that there is no communication between the FOM in the BBU and the
RFU. Begin to troubleshoot this problem by following the steps below:
1. Verify that the fiberoptic cables are properly connected to the
FOM and RFU
2. Power cycle the suspect RFU (6-21) to refresh the state of the
components
3. Logically swap the suspect RFU (6-23) to determine if the
problem follows the hardware (the RFU or the fiberoptic cable), or
remains with the FOM port. Proceed from this section to isolate
the problem to the FOM or RFU.
Tx amplifier, PCBR, or Tx If only one maintenance unit in the RFU (the Tx amplifier or the
gain failures PCBR) is out-of-service, or a Tx gain failure is reported, you can
expect that the problem lies with the hardware, not the fiberoptic cable.
Troubleshoot this problem by following the steps below:
1. Clear all other alarms prior to troubleshooting the Tx gain failure
2. Power cycle the suspect RFU (6-21) to refresh the state of the
components
3. Replace the RFU (6-26) if power cycling the RFU does not correct
the problem.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RFU troubleshooting flow

chart
Verify that TFU is active and

Start has GPS lock, and that the
LED on the FOM is green
Power cycle No Yes

Are all RFUs Reseat If still failing
the suspect
failing? the FOM
RFU
If still failing Reseat

the CRC
Logically swap the
suspect RFU with a
good RFU If still failing
Power
cycle the
Does the BBU
Yes No
problem follow
the RFU? If still failing
Reseat
Are the red No the FOM
Call technical
LEDs lit?
support
If still failing
Yes
Replace
Verify, clean,
the FOM
Verify If still failing or replace
power up fiberoptic
cables If still failing
Power
If still failing cycle the If still failing
BBU
Call technical Call technical

support support
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Power cycle the suspect RFU

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to power cycle Power cycle the RFU when you suspect the RFU is stuck in a particular
state.
cables.
Reference
Power cycle a RFU Use the steps below to power cycle a suspect RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Power down the suspect RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Verify that the fiberoptic cable is properly connected at the RFU and
BBU ends.
Important! The end of the cable labeled “Tx” should be

connected to the port labeled “Tx” and the end labeled “Rx”
should be connected to the port labeled “Rx.”
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Power up the suspect RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Wait thirty seconds and then verify that the RFU has a green Tx LED on
the PCBR. To see the Tx LED, look inside the junction box.
Result: If the Tx LED is not properly lit, proceed to “Replace the
RFU (6-26).”
If the Tx LED is properly lit, check to see if the original failure has
cleared. If the problem persists, proceed to “Logically swap the
suspect RFU (6-23).”
If the Tx LED does not light at all, check the power source.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Logically swap the suspect RFU

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to logically swap the Logically swap the suspect RFU to isolate a problem to the RFU/
RFU fiberoptic cable or FOM port.
cables.
Reference
Logically swap RFUs Use the steps below to logically swap the RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Swap the fiberoptic cable on the BBU end for the two RFUs that will be
swapped. For example, if RFU1 and RFU2 are being swapped plug the
fiberoptic cable from RFU1 into the “B” FOM ports, and the fiberoptic
cable from RFU2 into the “A” FOM ports.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Wait thirty seconds and then verify that the RFU has a green Tx LED on
the PCBR. To see the Tx LED, look inside the junction box.
Result: If the original problem is still present, but has moved to a
new RFU number, the problem followed the RFU or fiberoptic
cable. Return the fiberoptic cables to their initial configuration
(Steps 1-3 of this procedure), and then proceed to “Replace the
fiberoptic cable (6-25).”
If the problem is still present but remains with the same RFU
number, the FOM port is suspect. Return the fiberoptic cables to
their initial configuration (Steps 1-3 of this procedure), and then
proceed to “Reseat/replace the FOM (6-5)” to reseat the FOM.
If the original problem clears, return the fiberoptic cables to their
initial configuration (Steps 1-3 of this procedure), and continue
testing from the original failure.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace the fiberoptic cable

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to replace the cable Replace the fiberoptic cable if all communication to the RFU is
blocked (both Tx amplifiers and PCBRs are out-of-service).
cables.
Reference
Replace fiberoptic cable Use the steps below to replace the fiberoptic cable.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Power down the RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Replace the existing fiberoptic cable with a fiberoptic cable that is

known to be good.
Important! Replace both the orange and blue fibers of the

fiberoptic cable pair.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Power up the RFU.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Check to see if the failure is still present.

Result: If the failure is no longer present, the original fiberoptic
cable was probably the problem.
If the failure is still present, proceed to “Replace the RFU (6-26).”
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Replace the RFU

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
When to replace the RFU If components of the RFU fail and the problem cannot be isolated any
farther, contact technical support at https://wireless.support.lucent.com.
Use the “Ask Lucent” feature as the first point of contact; if the issue is
unresolved, call technical support at 1-866-Lucent8. Should any
component be determined to be faulty, the entire RFU is treated as an
FRU.
cables.
Reference
Turn off power Before the RFU is removed, the power must be disconnected.
Remove frame wiring and Follow the appropriate safety precautions to remove the cabling
hardware associated with the RFU that is to be replaced. Be sure to label the
cables when disconnecting them. The cables include:
• RFU grounding
• Power
• Fiberoptic connections to the BBU.
Important! During replacement of the junction box access

cover on the RFU, torque all fasteners to 6 to 10 in.-lb. (0.7 to 1.1
Nm) to ensure that the compartment will be weather-proof.
Return RFU to Lucent Return the RFU to Lucent Technologies as instructed; ideally the unit
Technologies should be properly packed in the box in which it was originally
shipped.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7 Configuration management
(software updates, growth and
degrowth procedures)
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This chapter reviews the procedures necessary to perform configuration

managment on a Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station. These
procedures include: initialization of the base station, Non-Volatile
Memory (NVM) updates, and growth and degrowth (removal) of
software components. These procedures are used when adding
components and carriers to a base station, or when changing the base
station site configuration.
Before you begin 7-2
Base station initialization and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) 7-7

update
Growth procedures 7 - 16
Grow a single carrier or sector 7 - 34
Degrowth procedures 7 - 36
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Configuration management (software updates, growth and
Before you begin
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes reference material for the configuration

management procedures.
References 7-3
Translations 7-5
Configuration options 7-6
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
References
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview Before you undertake growth or degrowth procedures, check that the
configuration and cabling requirements that are listed in this section
have been met. Check that all interfaces and related documentation that
will be needed are available, and that all systems and documentation
are up to date.
Assumptions It is assumed that the requirements described below have been met:
• If installing a new base station, a vacant RCS number has been
identified by the customer
• If adding components to an existing base station, the base station
is currently running
• The pair of application processors that contain the new RCS are
already integrated into the APC
• The DS1 spans on the application processor and the 5ESS Switch
have already been configured
• All circuit packs have been installed
• Any additional DS1 lines that are needed have been run to the
cabinet, and required components have been added at the 5ESS
Switch
• These Recent Change/Verify (RC/V) forms already exist: ecp,
iun, link, apeqp, cgsa, cdhfl, cdhnl, and fci.
Required interfaces The interfaces described below are used for the APC growth
procedures.
• UNIX® RTR Shell (or access through the OMP), for these
databases: ECP RC/V and ECP RC/V Equipment Configuration
Data (ECD)
• 5ESS Digital Cellular Switch (DCS) Supplemental Line Trunk
Work Station (SLTWS), for access to the 5ESS Switch RC/V
• Element Management System (EMS), for configuration of
managed objects and command execution from either the: EMS
Graphical User Interface (EMS GUI) or Command Line
Interpreter (CLI)
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• APC Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT), to control application

processor module power and execute application processor
platform-level commands using: Emergency Interface (EI) and the
Console Program (QmodemPro)
Reference documents Refer to the Lucent Technologies documents listed below for detailed
reference information.
Topic Refer to Document
RC/V forms used in these Flexent/AUTOPLEX® Wireless
growth/degrowth procedures Networks Database Update Manual
(401-610-036)
Command line formats Flexent/AUTOPLEX® Wireless
Networks Input/Output Messages
Manual (401-610-055/057)
APC operation and Flexent Application Processor Cluster
maintenance (APC) Operation, Administration, and
Maintenance (401-710-101)
MM-AP operation and Flexent Wireless Networks Mobility
maintenance Manager Application Processor Cluster
(APC) Operation, Administration, and
Maintenance (401-710-201)
RCS growth and software Flexent Wireless Networks Radio
updates Cluster Server (RCS) and Mobilty
Manager Radio Cluster Server (MM-
RCS) Operations, Administration, and
Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-102)
Individual component Instructions provided with kit
installation
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Translations
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Recent Change/Verify The MSC maintains a database that contains equipment configuration
(RC/V) forms data, call processing configuration data, and subscriber data. This data
is managed through translations, known as the RC/V feature. This
feature allows the user to make changes to the data from a central
location, instead of having to be at the cell site.
Reference For more information, refer to the Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless

Networks Executive Cellular Processor (ECP) Database Update
Manual (401-610-036).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Configuration options
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Supported configurations The minimum configuration for the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base
Station consists of one BBU connecting up to three RFUs via dedicated
fiberoptic links. For the first release, a maximum of up to two BBUs
will be supported. This allows for configurations of:
• One sector, 1-2 carrier
• Two sector, 1-2 carrier
• Three sector, 1-2 carrier.
Future growth In future releases, a third BBU will be supported, which will allow for
three-sector, three-carrier configurations. Omni sectorization will also
be supported.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Base station initialization and Non-

Volatile Memory (NVM) update
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section provides information on booting the base station and Non-
volatile Memory (NVM) updates.
Base station initialization or RCS reboot 7-8
Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) 7 - 10
NVM update 7 - 13
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Base station initialization or RCS reboot

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview The initialization of the Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station

includes the reset of the radio controller and all associated circuit
packs, the reload of appropriate generics to the radios, and the
establishment of signaling links between the RCS and the BBUs.
Component hardware initialization failures are recorded in each
specific component’s NVM.
Command format To complete a manual initialization, use the restart command to reboot
the RCS (restart:rcs a) or perform a stable clear on the base station
(init:cell a:sc). When the restore command and/or stable clear
procedures are used, the initialization time starts with the time stamp on
the ROP and ends with the time stamp that indicates the completion of
the initialization.
Initialization process The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station initialization and
bootstrap procedures involve the actions described below.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Reset the base station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Establish the signaling link with the RCS.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Perform local initialization for the CRC.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Reset and initialize the radios.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 Update the NVM of the radios.
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 Reach the normal operating stage (ready for call processing).
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CRC initialization Upon power-up, or as the result of a power cycle or reset, the CRC
performs initialization functions. Upon successful completion of the
initialization process, the CRC is in its “Power-on, IDLE” state. The
CRC has successfully booted itself, and is capable of communicating
via the signaling link to either the RCS or the RMT.
PCBR initialization Upon power-up, or as the result of a power cycle or reset, the PCBR
performs a Board Level Self Test (BLST), boots on to its NVM image,
and establishes communication with the RCS via the CRC.
Role of the signaling link The signaling link is used by the CRC to respond to a message (either
during the initialization from the RCS or the RMT) that will specify which NVM image to load
process from the NVM file area. The CRC loads and executes that image if
available, or reports an error back after the boot generic has been
loaded to the requesting RCS.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Non-Volatile Memory (NVM)

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview A complete executable image (or set of images) of the current software
generic is stored locally at the base station in an NVM area. An
executable image of the NVM software is also loaded into executable
memory (RAM) on individual circuit packs.
Definitions Active generic The active generic is the one in use by the base station
or RCS. The active generic cannot be deleted from the database.
Alternate generic Alternate generics are loaded in the database as

back-ups.
Diagnostic generic (DI) Diagnostic generics are used by the RMT

for diagnostics purposes.
RCS boot or reboot An RCS boot or reboot restarts the entire RCS.
This should be done if a new generic is available for the RCS, as well
as for all associated base stations.
Base station initialization Base station initialization performs a stable

clear on just a single base station. This should be done if only the base
station-specific portion of the generic has changed.
Example of generic An NVM generic is similar to the one shown below.

structure
Fxxxxxx.vv
xxxxxx = RCS generic
vv = Cell site-specific generic
NVM update process The update is done in two stages:

1. The first stage transfers the images from the RCS or RMT to the
CRC
2. The second stage occurs automatically as part of the initialization
and downloads these images to the CCUs, PCBRs, and TFU from
the CRC.
Once the generic version string is sent to the base station, the base
station checks a local file system to see if it has all of the NVM files
associated with the generic. One of two things will occur:
• If the versions are compatible, the base station reboots onto the
required generic
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
• If the versions are not compatible, the RCS marks the CRC
associated with the base station as “out of service” and reboots
onto the boot generic.
The operator can bring an out-of-service base station back into service
in one of two ways:
• Perform an NVM download procedure for the required generic
and restore the base station
• Instruct the base station to boot from a good generic already
contained on the base station locally.
Command format To download a new generic image to a BBU, use:

send:cell a,bbu b-c, generic d
Where a = RCS number (1-384), b and c = BBU numbers (1-2), and d =
generic number
Important! The generic can be downloaded at the cell level

(send:cell a, generic d), to a single BBU (send:cell a,
bbu b, generic d), or to two BBUs at the same time
(send:cell a, bbu b-c, generic d).
Advantages of base station The storage of the images locally in non-volatile form allows a base
storage station to be booted faster than if software were to be downloaded from
the application processor as part of each base station initialization
event. This minimizes overall cell site downtime, and downtime on an
individual carrier basis.
Downtime is also minimized because NVM is used only for storage
purposes, while ordinary RAM is used for the actual execution of
software.
NVM update characteristics New images are downloaded from the RCS (or via the RMT) when
available on a scheduled basis. NVM images are originally installed via
tape onto the OMP, and then onto the application processors. After the
base station boots, the memory image of each processor in the base
station is read by its processor and loaded into RAM for execution.
Passive units, such as filters, do not have their own NVM to store their
memory images, and do not have updatable NVM images.
Available generics
The base station can store three generics of NVM images for call
processing: an “active” image, an “alternate” image, and a diagnostic
image (DI).
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
These images will be kept at the CRC. The CRC load includes NVM
images for the CRC, CCUs, PCBRs, and TFU. The alternate image can
be used to test a new official generic before it is marked official (via
RC/V). This enables the service provider to return to the active generic
to ensure continued base station operation with a known, working
generic in the event that a new NVM update does not meet customer
expectations.
Role of the signaling link Downloads to the base station do not require that the base station be out
on the NVM process of service. However, the signaling links between the RCS (or RMT)
and the base station must be operational. If no valid generic is in the
base station, the boot generic (which is a special firmware boot image)
is capable of initializing the signaling links and downloading a new
NVM generic.
NVM downloads are performed on the backup signaling link. If the
backup signaling link is down (or not provisioned), the NVM
downloaded will use the primary signaling link, which could impact
call processing.
Cell site storage Within a target CRC, the downloaded executables are stored in a
special NVM device called the Flash File System (FFS). The FFS
device mimics a hard disk, and in doing so, supports basic file I/O
capabilities (open/close, read/write, compress/uncompress, create/
delete directory, etc.).
Reference A step-by-step description of the NVM RCS load procedure is covered

in Chapter 4 of the Flexent Radio Cluster Server (RCS) and Mobility
Manager Radio Cluster Server (MM-RCS) Operations, Administration,
and Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-102) .
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
NVM update
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview An NVM generic update can be done at the RCS level or at the base
station level.
Before you begin Before a new NVM generic can be downloaded to a base station, it
must be installed on the application processor. Refer to Flexent Radio
Cluster Server (RCS) and Mobility Manager Radio Cluster Server
(MM-RCS) Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (401-710-
102) for this procedure.
Important! Changes to NVM generics may be service

affecting.
It is recommended that changes be made when call volume is low.
Update the cell2 form Update the cell2 form to enter the new generic into the database.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Access the appropriate cell2 form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Enter the new generic information into the form.

If then change fields:
a new RCS generic, Cell Generic - Version Name
Flexent Cell Site Revision Number
Flexent Software - Revision Number
a change in the cell site Flexent Cell Site Revision Number
portion of the generic Flexent Software - Revision Number
only,
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Update the cell2 form.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Download new generic Use the procedure below to download the new generic to the base
station. Perform these steps from the TIpdunix.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 To view a list of available generics already loaded on the base station,

enter:
op:cell a,bbu b, generic

Result: A list of generics available on the system and their
characteristics (active, good, bad, loading, or missing) will be
displayed.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 To make room on the system, delete an obsolete generic. Enter:

del:cell a,bbu b, generic "Fxxxxxx.vv"
Result: The system will respond with a repeat of the command and
a response that that the deletion has been completed.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 To download the new generic, enter:

send:cell a,bbu b-c, generic "Fxxxxxx.vv"

Result: The system will respond with a repeat of the command and
a response that that the download has been completed.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Restart the RCS or initialize the base station to complete the update.
If then:
a new RCS generic, restart the RCS. Enter:
restart:rcs a
a = RCS number
a change in the cell site initialize the base station. Enter:
portion of the generic init:cell b:sc
only,
b = cell site number
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 Verify results.
Result: The system should respond with verification that the boot
phase has been completed, and SDP 2131 should display the
specified RCS and associated base stations as in-service.
EN D O F STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Growth procedures
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section describes the software procedures required to grow a

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station and RCS. The growth
procedures are listed in sequential order, and are organized by RC/V
form name. The RC/V forms to be updated are as follows:
• cell2
• cmmceqp
• ceqface (for each face)
• bbueqp
• pptg
• cmodpptm (for each packet pipe)
• fci (for each face)
• ecp
General order of growth The typical sequence of growth procedures is as follows:

procedures
1. Verify installation of hardware
2. Access apxrcv to update the required RC/V forms
3. Create and restore the RCS at the EMS CLI
4. Restore the base station to service.
Table format The tables that accompany the procedures that follow provide
mandatory values when appropriate, and ranges with default values (if
available) in parentheses for customer-specific information.
Important! Before beginning growth or degrowth procedures,

specify the desired end carrier/sector configuration.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
New RC/V forms In the procedures that follow, the insert function is used to create new
RC/V forms. The change/insert function can also be used to insert
new forms.
Reference
Refer to Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Executive Cellular
Processor (ECP) Database Update Manual (401-610-036) for
additional information on using either of these functions.
Before you begin Ensure that the steps listed below have been completed before
beginning growth of a Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
1. The 2130 Status Display Page (SDP) has been reviewed and
shows that cell y is unequipped
2. Verify that the base station is unequipped. At the EMS CLI, enter:
op:cell y
3. The hardware for the base station is installed and powered up.
Contents The topic covered in this section is as follows.
RC/V database updates 7 - 18
Integrate the base station into the network 7 - 30
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RC/V database updates

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Access RC/V database Use the AUTOPLEX System 1000 ECP Access menu, located under the
AUTOPLEX OMP Technician menu, or enter the command below from
an ECP UNIX/RTR terminal to access the ECP RC/V subsystem:
apxrcv
Important! RC/V form modifications cannot be completed

unless the iun and apeqp forms have been inserted for the
application processor pair that will support the RCS.
Reference
For detailed information on specific fields and values in the RC/V
forms, refer to the Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Executive
Cellular Processor (ECP) Database Update Manual (401-610-036).
Insert cell2 form Create a cell2 form for the new base station to define cell site
information.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 From the apxrcv prompt, enter:
cell2
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Enter i to initiate the Insert operation.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 On screen 1, enter:
Field name Value

Cell Site Number 1-384
Cellular Geographic Service Area 1-16 (1)
Switch Identification 1-16 (1)
CDMA Switch Identification 1-16
Cell Site Status e/g*
* The base station can be put in a "growth" state so that diagnostics can
be run before the base station is equipped.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 2, under Frame Technology Type: (Controller) Frame

0 enter:
rcs_mmc
The additional growth frames should contain a value of u, unequipped.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 On screen 3, for the CDMA Packet Pipe Trunk Group field, enter a
value from 1-2000.
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

Cell Generic - Version Name alphanumeric
sequence
-R5 Compatible y
Flexent Cell Site RCS Revision Number 0-99
Flexent Software - Revision Number 0-99
- Diagnostic Generic alphanumeric
sequence
............................................................................................................................................................................
7 On screen 10, under Cell Site Optional Features, enter y for the
CDMA field. Enter y for the PCS CDMA field if equipping a PCS base
station, or enter n if equipping a Cellular base station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
8 On screen 11, under Cell Site Optional Features (cont.), enter

y for the CDMA PP 16 field if the number of DS0 channels in the
cmodpptm form is equal to 1 or greater than 8, or n if not. Enter y for the
CDMA PPOPTMT field if the CDMA PP 16 field is y, or enter y or n.
............................................................................................................................................................................
9 On screen 17, under CDMA Cell Site Information Only:, enter

information into the CRC Overload Control (%) (allowed values 50-
95), Total CDMA Channel Elements OOS Minor Limit (%) (allowed
values 1-100), and Total CDMA Channel Elements OOS Major Limit
(%) (allowed values 1-100) fields.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
10 On screen 20, under CDMA Carrier:, enter information into the

Channel Number (allowed values 1-1023) and Band Class (1900 for
PCS base stations and 850 for Cellular base stations) fields.
Result: A Warning:Insert PPTG xxx with Switch ID y
message will appear.
............................................................................................................................................................................
11 Enter i to insert the form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
12 Enter < to exit and return to the apxrcv prompt.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Insert cmmceqp form Create a cmmceqp form for the new base station to enter information for
the test radio, base station, and user alarms.
............................................................................................................................................................................
cmmceqp
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 On screen 1, enter information into the Cell Site Number (MicroMini

Cell RCS) (allowed values 1-384) field.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 2, enter information under User Alarm Parameters to equip

the user alarms.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Update ceqface form Update the ceqface form to define cell equipage face information.
............................................................................................................................................................................
ceqface
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Enter u to initiate the Update operation.
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

Cell Site - Number 1-384
-Physical Antenna Face 1-3
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 7, enter information into the Pilot PN Sequence Offset

Index (allowed values 0-511) field.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 On screen 9, under Base Assisted Soft Handoff (BAHO):, enter 0.0

into the BAHO Quality Threshold (dB) field and n into the BAHO
Mobile Type fields.
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 Enter u to update the form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Insert bbueqp form Create a bbueqp form for the new BBU to enter information on CRC
status, signaling links, CCU status, and PCBR equipage.
............................................................................................................................................................................
bbueqp
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

Base Band Unit Number 1-2
CRC Status e
Transmission Facility Type l, s, m
CRC Overload Control (%) 50-95
AP Signaling Link Information for
Connections at the AP:
Primary AP: DS1 1-4 for 1st
generation AP;
1-8 for MM-AP
DS0 1-24
(T1);
1-31
(E1)
Alternate AP: DS1 1-4 for 1st
generation AP;
1-8 for MM-AP
DS0 1-24
(T1);
1-31
(E1)
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 2, enter the required information to equip the CCUs under

CDMA Control Unit Information. Allowed values are e (equipped),
u (unequipped), and g (growth). The CCUs can be placed in a "growth"
state (g) to run diagnostics before the base station is equipped.
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 On screen 3, enter the required information under Base Band Unit DS1
Information.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 On screen 4, enter the required information to equip the PCBR under

PCBR Equipage. Allowed values are e (equipped), u (unequipped), and
g (growth) for PCBR Stat. The PCBR can be placed in a "growth" state
(g) to run diagnostics before the base station is equipped. Also enter
information to associate the amplifiers and antenna face with each
PCBR.
Important! As of Release 18.0, base stations deployed in the

Cellular band support 20 watts of ouput power at the J4
connection. This affects the Amp Type and Max Pwr fields on
screen 4 of the bbueqp form. The new value for the 20 watt
amplifier is cmma_20 for the Amp Type field. The 16 watt
amplifiers (cmma) previously deployed in the Cellular field, while
no longer used in new base stations, will continue to be supported.
There is no change to the PCS amplifier (pmma).
For base stations that support the cmma (16 watt Cellular) or pmma
(PCS) amplifiers, a warning is generated for the Max Pwr field
when the value exceeds 16 watts. For the cmma_20 amplifier, a
warning will be generated when the value exceeds 20 watts.
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Insert pptg form Create a pptg form to define the packet pipe trunk group.
............................................................................................................................................................................
pptg
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

CDMA Switch Identification 1-16 (1)
Trunk Group Number 1-2000
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Insert cmodpptm form Create a cmodpptm form to define the packet pipe trunk member
number.
............................................................................................................................................................................
cmodpptm
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

CDMA Switch Identification 1-16
Trunk Group Number 1-2000
Trunk Member Number 1-96
Trunk Status e
Physical CRC Number 1-3
DS1 Number 1-2
DS0 Channel 1-24 (T1)
1-31 (E1 with
ccs)
1-15, 17-31
(E1 with cas)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Logical CRC Number 1-3

CCU Numbers 1-6
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Assign trunk groups at the At the 5ESS Switch MCC, have MSC support assign trunk groups for
5ESS Switch Master the base station. Complete the forms listed below.
Control Center (MCC)
If Then
a T1 facility, enter information into the:
• 5.1 (Trunk Group) and
• 5.5 (Trunk Member) forms
an E1 facility, enter information into the:
• 4.1 (Trunk Group Number) and
• 4.3 TRKNR (Trunk Group Number
and Member Number) forms
Reference
For further information on 5ESS Switch Recent Change forms, refer to
5ESS-2000 Switch Recent Change Reference (235-118-253).
Configure DS0 connection At the 5ESS Switch MCC, have MSC support configure the primary
to application processor and alternate application processors for the application processor/base
station DS0 connections.
If Then
a T1 facility, enter information into the 7.11 (Nail-Up
and Hairpin Specification) form
an E1 facility, enter information into the 6.6 RTPER
(Semi-Permanent Connection) form
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reference
For further information on 5ESS Switch Recent Change forms, refer to
5ESS-2000 Switch Recent Change Reference (235-118-253).
Insert fci form Insert the fci form to define the inter-MSC and intra-MSC handoff
information.
............................................................................................................................................................................
fci
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

Server Group 0
Antenna Face Number 1-3
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 14, under CDMA Principle Neighbor List, enter:
Field name Value

Cell Site 1-384
Ant Face 0-6
Pilot PN 0-511
Pri Grp 0-3
Anlg Ant Face 0-6
Eqvl Srv Grp 0-1
Anlg Only Pilot y/n
Ngbr Conf 0-3
Band Class 1900 (for PCS)
850 (for
Cellular)
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hard Handoff Only y/n

Extended System ID DCS 0-16
Extended System ID ECP 0-15
Extended System ID SYS 1-32767
............................................................................................................................................................................
Important! The fci forms for the base stations entered in the
neighbor lists must be updated to include the new base station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Update neighbor fci forms Update the fci forms for the neighbor cells to enter information about
the new base station into the Neighbor Lists.
............................................................................................................................................................................
fci
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 On screen 1, enter the information below to recall the correct form.
Field name Value

Server Group 0
Antenna Face Number 1-3
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 On screen 20, under CDMA Directed Handoff Neighbor List, enter

the following data:
Field name Value

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Cell Site 1-384

Ant Face 0-6
Hard Handoff Only y/n
............................................................................................................................................................................
Important! Repeat steps 1-4 for each neighbor of the base

station.
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Update ecp form Update the ecp form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
ecp
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 On screen 1, enter information into the Executive Cellular

Processor Identification field to obtain the correct form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
Field name Value

Flexent RCS Forward Power Report crc
CRC Overload Control 80
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 On screen 41, enter information into the Paging Cell Site List
(allowed values 1-384) field.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Update cdhnl/cdhfl forms Prior to restoring the base station, the appropriate cdhnl/cdhfl forms
must be updated by permitted personnel to account for any RF
optimization changes, and to add the newly created base station to the
neighbor list.
Reference
Refer to the CDMA RF Translation Application Note #4 for more
information on updating the neighbor lists.
Update cell2 form Update the cell2 form to turn on the CDMA QFAF. Enter y in the
CDMA field under Cell Site Optional Features on screen 10.
Integrate the base station To continue integrating the base station into the network, continue to
into the network the next section. Refer to Flexent Radio Cluster Server (RCS) and
Mobility Manager Radio Cluster Server (MM-RCS) Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (OA&M) (401-710-102) and
Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell Site/DCS Input/Output
Messages (401-610-107), or contact technical support at https://
wireless.support.lucent.com for more detailed information on:
• Creating an RCS
• Booting the cell
• Performing NVM updates
• Diagnostics and testing.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Integrate the base station into the network

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Initiate a Command Line Initiate a Command Line Interface (CLI) session.

Interface (CLI) session
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Right click the mouse in the blue workspace of the OMP-FX console.
Result: A drop-down menu appears.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Select AUTOPLEX® OMP Technician Window.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Select Flexent Element Management System.
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Select Command Line Interface (CLI).

Result: The system should respond with an EMS CLI prompt.
Reference: Enter <Ctrl> d to exit from the EMS CLI back to the
OMP Technician Window.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Verify proper RCS and base Verify that the proper RCS and base station generic software has been
station generic software loaded on the primary and secondary application processors.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 For the first application processor, enter:
op:ap x,version
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Repeat the process for the secondary application processor. Enter:

op:ap y,version
Result: The desired RCS will not be present until it is created.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
View list of all equipped View the list of all equipped RCSs and DS1s on the primary and
RCSs and DS1s secondary application processors.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Verify that the new RCS number does not already exist on the primary
application processor. Enter:
op:ap x,status
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Repeat the process for the secondary application processor. Enter:

op:ap y,status
Important! Repeat the above commands for all application

processors on the system.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Download generic software Download the generic software.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 At the EMS CLI, enter:
send:cell a,bbu b-c, generic "c"

ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Create RCS Create the RCS.
............................................................................................................................................................................
create:rcs y
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Verify that the RCS has been created. Enter:

op:ap y,status
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Restore RCS Restore the RCS to service.
............................................................................................................................................................................
rst:rcs y
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Diagnose the hardware Diagnose the hardware.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 For all CRCs, enter:
dgn:cell y,bbu x, crc
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 For all CCUs, enter:

dgn:cell y,bbu x, ccu y
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 For all PCBRs, enter:

dgn:cell y,bbu x, pcbr
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 For all TFUs, enter:

dgn:cell y,bbu x,tfu
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Update RC/V forms to If the base station was placed in the growth state for diagnostics
equip base station (if in purposes, update the RC/V forms to equip the base station.
growth state)
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Update the value in the Cell Site Status field on the cell2 form to
e if the value had been previously entered as g.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 On the bbueqp form, update the values for the CCU Status and CBR
Stat fields to e if g had been previously entered.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Review SDPs Review SDPs to ensure that the ending configurations are as shown
below.
SDP command End configuration

SDP 2130 Cell Y equipped
SDP 2131,Y BBUs equipped
SDP 2132,Y Call Processing Allowed
SDP 2136,Y TFU and amplifier active
SDP 2138,Y,Z CRC, CE, PP, and PCBR active
SDP 2139,Y,Z CCU and CE active
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Grow a single carrier or sector
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This section covers the procedures needed to modify the RC/V forms
when growing a single sector or carrier into an existing Flexent CDMA
Distributed Base Station. The growth procedures are listed in
sequential order, and are organized by RC/V form name. The RC/V
forms to be updated are as follows:
• cell2
• cmmceqp
• ceqface
• cmodpptm (for each packet pipe)
• bbueqp
Before you begin Ensure that all new hardware has been installed and restored to service.
RC/V database updates 7 - 35
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RC/V database updates

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview This section provides the procedures to update the RC/V forms in order
to equip additional carriers and sectors.
Update cell2 form Update the cell2 form to enter the required information for Channel
Number and Band Class under the Common Carrier field on screen 20.
Update cmmceqp form Update the cmmceqp form to enter the required information for the new
carrier or sector.
Update ceqface form Update the ceqface form to enter the new sector information.
Update cmodpptm form Update the cmodpptm form to equip new packet pipes if there are any
additional CCUs.
Update bbueqp form Update an existing, or insert a new, bbueqp form to enter the required
information for the new carrier or sector.
Reference Refer to the Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Executive

Cellular Processor (ECP) Database Update Manual (401-610-036) for
details on the fields and values required in these forms.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Degrowth procedures
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose The section provides procedures to degrow a carrier or sector, and the
entire Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
General order of degrowth Elements are usually removed in the reverse order from that in which
procedures they were grown. The typical sequence of degrowth procedures is as
follows:
1. Remove the base station from service
2. Delete the RCS at the EMS CLI
3. Update RC/V forms for the cell site using apxrcv
4. Remove the hardware and verify degrowth.
Degrow a single carrier or sector 7 - 37
Degrow a base station 7 - 38
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Degrow a single carrier or sector

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview This section provides the procedures to degrow a single carrier or

sector from a Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station.
Before you begin Before updating or deleting the RC/V forms, use the rmv: command to
remove the base station and packet pipes from service.
Refer to Flexent/AUTOPLEX Wireless Networks Cell Site/DCS
Input/Output Messages (401-610-107) for details on using the remove
command.

details on the fields and values required in the RC/V forms.
Update the required forms Access apxrcv and update/delete the forms as required.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Delete cmodpptm forms if packet pipes are being removed.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Update the bbueqp form to unequip the CCUs and PCBRs being
removed.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Degrow a base station

.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview This section provides the procedures to degrow a Flexent CDMA

Before you begin Before updating or deleting the RC/V forms, use the rmv: command to
remove the base station and packet pipes from service.
Input/Output Messages (401-610-107) for details on using the remove
command.

details on the fields and values required in the RC/V forms.
Delete the RCS Delete the RCS at the EMS CLI.
Reference
Input/Output Messages (401-610-107) for details on this command.
Update the required forms Access apxrcv and update/delete the forms as required.
............................................................................................................................................................................
1 Update the cell2 form to turn the CDMA QFAF off. Enter n in the CDMA
field under Cell Site Optional Features on screen 10.
............................................................................................................................................................................
2 Delete the cmodpptm forms.
............................................................................................................................................................................
3 Delete references to the T1/E1 facilities being degrown on the 5ESS

Switch Recent Change/Verify forms.
Reference: For further information on 5ESS Switch Recent
Change/Verify forms, refer to 5ESS-2000 Switch Recent Change
Reference (235-118-253).
............................................................................................................................................................................
4 Delete the pptg form.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................
5 Update the bbueqp forms for each sector. Enter u in the CRC Status,
CCU Status, DS1 Status, and PCBR Stat fields to unequip the CRC
and its associated components. After the form has been updated, re-enter
each bbueqp form and delete it.
............................................................................................................................................................................
6 Delete the cmmceqp form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
7 Update the cdhnl/cdhfl forms to remove references to the base station

being degrown.
............................................................................................................................................................................
8 Update fci forms for neighbor cells to null out the information about
the base station being degrown on the CDMA Directed Handoff
Neighbor List.
Important! The base station being degrown must be removed

from the fci forms for all neighbor cells before the fci form for
the base station itself can be deleted.
............................................................................................................................................................................
9 Delete the fci form.
............................................................................................................................................................................
10 Delete the cell2 form.
ND OF STEPS
...........................................................................................................................................................................
Complete degrowth To complete the degrowth of the base station, perform the steps
described below.
1. Use the RMT to reset the Boot Memory Parameters to the new
base station configuration
2. Power down the base station, and remove the hardware
3. Review SDP 2130 to ensure that Cell Y is unequipped.
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Appendix A: DIP switch verification
Overview
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Purpose This appendix provides the instructions to verify that the DIP switches
are set correctly on the BBU.
Contents The topics covered in this appendix are as follows.
BBU DIP switches A-2
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary A - 1
BBU DIP switches
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Overview This section describes the procedures to be followed when verifying

the DIP switch settings in the BBU. Dip switches need to be checked if
a BBU is replaced or moved to a new cell site.
Location of DIP switches There are three sets of dip switches on the back plane of the BBU, as
shown in the following diagram.
Switch position
Closed Open
Rear of BBU
with door removed 8
SKT 11
1
DIP switch
SKT 9
1
Dip switch 8
SKT 10
1
Bit position
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
A - 2 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
Verify DIP switch settings There can be up to two BBUs associated with a cell site (BBU 1 and
BBU 2). The settings of the three DIP switches on the rear of the BBU
are different depending on the BBU number.
Remove the rear door of the BBU, and locate the three DIP switches
shown in the diagram on page A - 2.
Verify that the switches are set as shown in the following table. (In the
open position, the switch is pressed down on the right side. In the
closed position, the switch is pressed down to the left side.)
Location Bit position BBU 1 BBU 2

SKT 11 8 Open Open
7 Closed Closed
6 Closed Open
5 Closed Closed
4 Open Open
3 Closed Closed
2 Closed Closed
1 Closed Closed
SKT 9 8 Closed Closed
7 Closed Closed
6 Closed Closed
5 Closed Closed
4 Closed Closed
3 Closed Closed
2 Closed Closed
1 Closed Open
SKT 10 8 Open Open
7 Closed Open
6 Closed Closed
5 Closed Closed
4 Closed Closed
3 Closed Closed
2 Closed Closed
1 Closed Open
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary A - 3
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
A - 4 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
Glossary
5ESS® Digital Cellular Switch

A multiple application digital cellular switch (DCS) that manages the connectivity
between the cell site and the various networks. It supports AMPS, CDMA, GSM,
and TDMA wireless; landline POTS; the intelligent network; operator services;
and ISDN.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
A Access Manager
Consists of the ECP and the OMP (Operation Management Platform). An Access
Manager provides mobility management functionality for its wireless subsidiary
units. Each Access Manager supports the required number of subscribers.
AC-DC rectifier unit

Converts AC input to a single output voltage (24 volts or 48 volts). This output
voltage is then fed as an input to the DC-DC converter unit.
Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)
See AMPS.
AGC (AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTRol)
A process or means by which gain is automatically adjusted in a specified manner
as a function of input level or another specified parameter. Automatic gain control
amplifiers are often used in a communications receiver to hold various points of the
receiver circuitry at predetermined power levels.
Alarm testing
One of the tests to verify the integrity of the fixed alarms at a cell site, using a
UNIX® terminal.
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone Service)
Refers to analog (FM) technology radios.
AP (Application Processor)
The first generation Application Processor (AP) is a central processing unit (CPU)
that provides generic computing facilities to host a wide range of applications in a
Flexent wireless network. The APs perform the call-processing and underlying
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
401-703-369 Lucent Technologies – Proprietary G L O S S A R Y
Issue 5, July 2002 Use pursuant to company instructions GL-1
OA&M functions for the base stations in a Flexent network. Pairs of application
processors host the Radio Cluster Server (RCS) application for base stations. The
application processors provide an integrated high-availability hardware and
software platform that offers increased reliability, availability, and maintainability
for its subtending network elements.
APC (Application Processor Cluster)
The set of all application processors that reside in an APF.
APF (Application Processor Frame)
The cabinet that houses the application processors and several other hardware
modules in a Flexent wireless network. The modules are rack-mounted in the APF.
The APF is compatible with the Lucent Technologies 5ESS Digital Cellular Switch
(DCS).
Application Processor Cluster (APC)
See APC.
Application Processor Frame (APF)
See APF.
Application processor
Generic term used to refer to both the first generation AP and the MM-AP.
Application-specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)
See ASIC.
apxrcv
Recent Change/Verify command. Use this UNIX command to update and review
databases.
ARCNET (Attached Resource Computer Network)
Defines the physical and the data link layer of the OSI protocol stack. An ARCNet
software driver located at the host processor interacts directly with the ARCNet
controller hardware and shields the rest of the application from the ARCNet
hardware.
ASIC (Application-specific Integrated Circuit)
An integrated circuit which has been built for a specific application. Manufacturers
use it to consolidate many chips into a single package, reducing system board size
and power consumption.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
See ATM.
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)
A high bandwidth, controlled-delay, fixed-size packet switching and transmission
system. Uses fixed-size packets also known as "cells"; ATM is often referred to as
"cell relay." ATM will provide the basis for future broadband ISDN standards.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
G L O S S A R Y Lucent Technologies – Proprietary 401-703-369
GL-2 Use pursuant to company instructions Issue 5, July 2002
Attached Resource Computer Network (ARCNET)
See ARCNET.
AUTOPLEX® System 1000

A cellular platform architecture developed by Lucent Technologies.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
B BLST (Board Level Self Test)

The first stage of testing, it is invoked from software that resides in boot memory
for each of the processing components in the base station. These tests represent a
core set of low-level hardware tests designed to verify the basic functionality of a
processor module.
Board Level Self Test (BLST)
See BLST.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
C CAD (Cabling Diagrams)

Cabling diagrams are part of the schematic drawings set.
Call processing test

A test of the ability of a cell site to process calls. At least one land-to-mobile,
mobile-to-land, and mobile-to-mobile call is placed to ensure that calls are going
through the cell site, the transmission lines, and the switch successfully. A mobile
phone call is also placed on every traffic channel element of a cell site. The test
verifies trunking to the DCS.
Call processing tests should be performed during off-peak hours when call traffic
is low.
CATP (Conditional ATP)
Appears when a given module is not available to be tested.
CCU (CDMA Channel Unit)
The CCUs provide the channel coding and decoding functions for CDMA.
CDL (Conditional)
Priority of craft action applies to remove (rmv) of a maintenance object.
CDMA Channel Unit (CCU)
See CCU.
CDMA Radio Controller (CRC)
See CRC.
CDMA System Time (CST)
See CST.
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
CDMA uses spread-spectrum digital modulation techniques.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CE (Channel Element)
Voice processing unit that converts between analog and digitally encoded voice
signals.
Cell Site Node (CSN)
See CSN
Cell site
An installation located within a cell housing the equipment needed to set up and
complete calls on cellular telephones; for example, FM radio transmitter and
receiver equipment, antennas and computers.
Cell
A geographical area, usually depicted as hexagon-shaped, that is served by a
cellular system. Cellular technology is based on the premise that a group of radio
frequencies used within one cell can be used again in distant cells.
Cellular Geographic Service Area (CGSA)
See CGSA.
CGSA (Cellular Geographic Service Area)
A basic coverage area served by a cellular system.
Channel Element (CE)
See CE.
Channel Service Unit (CSU)
See CSU.
CLI (Command Line Interface)
Instead of clicking on icons to manipulate files, you type instructions to the
operating system. For contrast see GUI.
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
See CDMA.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
See CLI.
CP (Call Processing)
Command line argument in the craftshell to perform some action on call
processing.
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
1. The portion of a computer that includes circuits controlling the interpretation and
execution of instructions. 2. The portion of a computer that executes programmed
instructions, performs arithmetic and logical functions on data, and controls input/
output functions.
CRC (CDMA Radio Controller)
In the base station, the major functions performed by the CRC are as follows:
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
interface to two T1/E1 lines, transport voice data between CCUs and T1/E1 lines
via the packet bus, control cell hardware via the peripheral bus, and perform cell-
level call processing and OA&M functions.
Craftshell Interface (Technician Interface, TI)
Flexible interface that allows technicians to input commands and to retrieve output
messages from a base station.
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
The display tube that is used in several computer terminals. Generic reference to a
terminal.
Crystal Oscillator (XO)
See XO.
CST (CDMA System Time)
An ASCII string representing the current timestamp retrieved by the Timing and
Frequency Unit (TFU) from the Global Positioning System (GPS) network. CST is
synonymous with GPS time, and is the number of seconds elapsed since January 6,
1980, 00:00:00 UTC (uncorrected for leap seconds).
CSU (Channel Service Unit)
Provides two major functions: it serves as an interface between the network and the
customer premises equipment (CPE), and it provides an additional set of
manufacturer-specific features.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
D Data Link
A time slot that can route through several T1/E1 spans for controlling a cell site.
DCS-1800
A DCS working in the 1800-MHz range.
DC-DC converter unit

Converts a single DC input to the several DC ouput voltages required by the BBU
circuit packs. The input DC can be obtained from the AC-DC rectifier unit or from
an external DC source.
DCS (Digital Cellular Switch)
The AUTOPLEX System 1000 switch that terminates all voice trunks in the
cellular system (for example, 5ESS Switch).
DFI (Digital Facilities Interface)
A DS1 board, located in Series II cell sites, that contains either one or two T1/E1
facilities. It is a circuit pack used as a T1\E1 interface for cell site and DCS
equipment.
DI (Diagnostic Image)
The DI is a set of testing and diagnostic instructions that is downloaded to the
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
appropriate boards and stored in their respective NVM.
Diagnostic Image (DI)
See DI.
Diagnostic testing
A set of tests performed to check cell site equipment and verify that no equipment
is out of service (OOS).
Directory
A collection of related files on a computer.
DS0 (Digital Signal, level 0)
The lowest level of signal in the digital hierarchy. A DS0 consists of a digital signal
of 64 kbps.
A signal that consists of 24 DS0 channels. The DS0 channels are combined by time
multiplexing. A DS1 signal has a bandwidth of 1.544 Mbps. A T1/E1 facility or
span carries a DS1 signal.
For a T1 line, a 6.312-Mbps channel that consists of four DS1 channels; for an E1
line, an 8.45-Mbps channel that consists of four DS1 channels.
DS3 line
A 44.736-Mbps line consisting of seven DS2 channels. A DS3 line is also called
a T3 line.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
E E1
A four-wire voice and data trunking facility that carries 30 duplex channels in 64-
kbps time slices. E1 facilities are standard for digital telecommunications in all
continents except for North America.
ECP (Executive Cellular Processor)
A Lucent Technologies 3B21D computer and its associated input/output devices,
which controls system operations. The ECP is responsible for mobility
management, call processing, system maintenance, technical interfaces, and
system integrity.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
See ESD.
Element Management System (EMS)
See EMS.
EMS (Element Management System)
The EMS is used for configuration of managed objects and to execute commands
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
from the EMS Graphical User Interface (EMS-GUI) or Command Line Interface
(CLI).
ESD (Electrostatic Discharge)
A transfer of electric charge between bodies of different electrostatic potential in
proximity or through direct contact. Proper electrostatic discharge (ESD) practices
must be followed whenever handling circuit packs or working inside a cell cabinet.
Executive Cellular Processor (ECP)
See ECP.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
F FER (Frame Error Rate)

The FER is defined as the number of frames with errors divided by the total number
of frames transmitted. This provides a way to measure the quality of voice calls.
FFS (flash file system)
The FFS device mimics a hard disk, and in doing so, supports basic file I/O
capabilities (open/close, read/write, compress/uncompress, create/delete directory,
etc.). These FFS capabilities allow for some degree of sophistication – especially
in terms of economy – in the way software images are maintained in NVM, on the
basis of not only whole generics but also selective portions of generics.
Field Replaceable Unit (FRU)
A component that can be replaced in the field.
Flash File System (FFS)
See FFS.
Flexent Mobility Server (FMS)
Platform that supports multiple call processing and mobility management
applications for 3G networks.
Flywheel
The TFU relies on the GPS unit to regulate the 15-MHz signal from the OM, and
to provide the 1 pulse/second and the UTC time signals. If the GPS unit loses lock
on the GPS satellites, it relies on the OM to provide a timebase until satellite lock
can be reacquired. This reliance on the OM is referred to as flywheeling.
FMS (Flexent Mobility Server)
See Flexent Mobility Server.
FOM (Fiberoptic Module)
The FOM provides fiberoptic interfacing between the RFU and BBU.
FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
A specialized microprocessor that has no physical connections between its logic
gates when manufactured, but has potential connections which can be made by a
programmer/user.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Frame Error Rate (FER)
See FER.
FRU (Field Replaceable Unit)
See Field Replaceable Unit.
FS (Functional Schematics)
A portion of the schematic drawings set.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
G General Purpose Instruments Bus (GPIB)

See GPIB
GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)
An electrical/mechanical device which will automatically disconnect when a
difference in current is detected.
Global Positioning System (GPS)
See GPS
GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus)
General Purpose Interface Bus is the common name for the communication
interface system defined in ANSI/IEEE Standards 488.1-1987 and 488.2-1987.
GPS (Global Positioning System)
A space-based radio positioning/navigation system of 18 satellites providing
worldwide, extremely accurate, 3-D position and velocity information coordinated
with universal time.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
See GUI.
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)
See GFCI.
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
Pronounced "gooey." A software interface based on pictorial representations and
menus of operations and files. Opposite of command line interface.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
H Hardware Error Handler (HEH)

See HEH.
HDLC (High-level Data Link Control)
This process monitors a received bit stream until a flag character (a string of six
ones) is read. It then interprets the following bits as an LAPD frame until a trailing
flag character is received. Bit destuffing is performed when indicated, and a CRC
check is done on the received frame. The converse is performed in the transmit
direction.
HEH (Hardware Error Handler)
Automatic recovery actions at the cell site are done through the hardware error
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
handler (HEH) software subsystem. HEH receives error reports from hardware
boards, functional tests, and call-processing software. It determines when a
recovery action (restore, remove) is needed and then issues a request to carry out
the action.
High-level Data Link Control (HDLC)
See HDLC
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
I IMACS Screen
The login screen for the Acculink Access Controller (AAC).
Integration testing
The process of ensuring the cell site is functioning properly under the control of the
switching center via data transmission lines.
Integration
The final process of system installation prior to RF performance (cluster) testing.
Interprocess Message Switch (IMS )
See IMS.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
K kbps
Abbreviation for kilobits per second.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
L LAC (Linear Amplifier Circuit)

Amplifier used in Series II cell sites for radio signal amplification. The reference
has been carried forward to refer to amplifiers in the computer interfaces for later
cell products.
Landline
A telephone accessed by land-line media.
Landline POTS
The Plain Old Telephone Service
Line Interface Unit (LIU)
See LIU.
LIU (Line Interface Unit)
The LIU handles the low-level High-Level Data link Control (HDLC) protocol
processing of the packet pipes and signaling links. The LIU is part of the CRC in
the base station.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
LNA (Low Noise Amplifier)
The LNAs provide low-noise preamplification of signals received from each of the
receive antennas after they have passed through the receive bandpass filters.
Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
See LNA.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
M Main Cluster Controller (MCC)

See MCC
Maintenance Unit (MU)
A component that can be removed and restored to service by a technician.
MCC (Main Cluster Controller)
The MCC is located in the CRC and controls the devices that hang off the MCC
processor bus. Various functions provided by the MCC include: different timers,
dual serial controller, programmable interrupt controller, loss of clock detection,
SDRAM controller, Ethernet controller, 10Base-T transceiver, programmable user
I/O port, and software trap feature for monitoring bus access to specified memory
region.
MCRT (Maintenance CRT)
Location from which maintenance and craft interface activity is controlled.
Measurement Module (MM)
The MM provides the ability to verify the RF paths and the functionality of the
CDMA system.
MEM
Memory Board.
MIN (Mobile Identification Number)
The 34-bit number that is a digital representation of the 10-digit number assigned
to a mobile station.
MM-AP (Mobility Manager Application Processor)
Second generation application processor based on the Flexent Mobility Server
(FMS) platform. The MM-AP takes over certain applications performed by the
ECP and its ring nodes, enhancing the performance of both the ECP and the
applications.
Mobile Switching Center (MSC )
See MSC.
Mobility Manager Application Processor (MM-AP)
See MM-AP.
MOST (Mobile Station Test)
When used as a test station, the MOST mobile unit enables the technician to test
cell-to-mobile unit call processing interface and to check the audio quality on all
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
the radio voice channels on a given antenna face. When this feature is used, a
MOST call is established over a radio channel, enabling the technician to test
specific call processing functions over that radio channel. This works in concert
with the functional tests and CTRM.
MSC (Mobile Switching Center)
All of the control and switching elements for a cellular system are contained at the
MSC. For an AUTOPLEX System 1000, the MSC consists of the ECP, the CNI/
IMS ring, and the 5ESS DCS.
MU (Maintenance Unit)
See Maintenance Unit.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N NAM (Number Assignment Module)

A set of MIN/IMSI-related parameters stored in the mobile station.
Network Interface
The demarcation between the LEC infrastructure and the Customer Premises
Equipment (CPE). Equipment located at this point is intended to allow the LEC to
determine whether transmission problems are within the network itself or the CPE.
Non-Volatile Memory (NVM)
See NVM.
Number Assignment Module (NAM)
See NAM.
NVM (Non-Volatile Memory)
NVM is a type of memory that maintains its data contents across resets and power
cycles. It is useful for storing configuration information across sessions.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
O OA&M
See Operation, Administration, and Maintenance.
OM (Oscillator Module)
See XO.
OMP (Operation Management Platform)
This component provides a centralized point of access for wireless systems’
operation and maintenance. The OMP provides a dedicated processor from which
system operators can perform multiple operation, administration, and maintenance
(OA&M) tasks simultaneously.
The OMP is a separate dedicated processor and the Access Manager is off-loaded
from the processor. Therefore, OMP can perform dedicated call processing and
optional feature functions. The OMP supports service measurement data, read-only
printer (ROP) stream re-direction to the OMP, disk storage, and recent change and
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
verify (RC/V).
OOS (Out of Service)
A service state for equipment and ports indicating the unit in question is inactive,
cut off, or isolated.
Operation, Administration, and Maintenance

See OA&M. Generic name given to functions such as technical interfaces,
diagnostics, service measurements, and status reports.
Operation Management Platform (OMP)
See OMP.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
P Packet Pipe (PP)

See PP.
PCBR (Pre-distortion CDMA Baseband Radio)
Receives the digitally combined baseband forward signal from the CCUs and
converts it to a low power level, modulated RF signal
PCS (Personal Communications Services)
A networking system which provides secure digital wireless communications in a
high frequency range, around 1900 MHz. It uses small low-powered base stations,
and lightweight and compact personal communicators.
PCSC (PCS Switching Center)
Consists of a 5ESS Switch and Access Manager. Provides the control and
switching elements for PCS CDMA systems.
PCU (Power Converter Unit)
The Power Converter Unit (PCU) in the RFU converts supplied AC or DC input to
DC at several voltage levels for the RFU.
PDA (Power Distribution Assembly)
The circuit breakers in the base station.
Peripheral Bus
A low speed (312 kbps) serial bus used to carry control messages between the LIU/
MC and the cell components. Intended primarily for communicating with non-
CCU components (CBRs, RFDUs, etc.).
PHV (Protocol Handler - Voice)
The PHV receives packets from the packet pipe (via the FRPHs) and converts the
variable length packets into PCM voice, then sends them via the TSI to the PSTN.
The PHV can receive packets from multiple cell sites during a soft handoff via
separate FRPHs. In the reverse direction, PCM voice received (from the TSI) at the
PHV is converted into variable length packets.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
PN (Pseudo-noise)
A noise-like code used in the encryption and decryption of CDMA signals.
Power Converter Unit (PCU)
See PCU
Power Distribution Assembly (PDA)
See PDA
PP (Packet Pipe)
A special trunk used to send packet-sized voice and data between a given CDMA
Cluster Controller (CCC) at the cell site and the DCS speech handlers at the switch.
Pre-distortion Radio Frequency Board (PRFB)
Component within the PCBR that allows for the incorporation of digital pre-
distortion
Pre-distortion Radio Interface Module (PRIM)
Component within the PCBR that allows for the integration of the receive paths
LNAs
Protocol Handler - Voice (PHV)
See PHV
PSA (Pilot Sync Access)
Supervision channels sharing a channel element in the base station.
Pseudo-noise (PN)
See PN
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)
The worldwide telephone network.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
R RC/V (Recent Change and Verify System)

Provides the user interface to the database management system.
RCF (Radio Channel Frame)
This is a Series II cell site frame that houses the processor and/or radio equipment.
RCS (Radio Cluster Server)
Each RCS application provides call processing and OA&M functionality.
Read-only Printer (ROP)
See ROP.
Remote Maintenance Tool (RMT)
See RMT.
RF (cluster test) team

Same as RF performance team.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
RF performance team
Same as RF (cluster test) team.
RF (Radio Frequency)
The electromagnetic wave used for, among other things, cellular voice and data
communications.
RL (Retry Later)
The system is unavailable to accept the command at this time.
RMT (Remote Maintenance Tool)
The RMT-based diagnostics and testing mode is designed to facilitate the
performance of maintenance tasks through a “point-and-click” graphical interface.
The RMT is connected to the base station through the Maintenance Test port.
ROP (Read-only Printer)
A continuous listing of all system activities.
RSP (RTU Switch Panel)
It provides routine diagnostics by exercising all channel elements and Radio
Frequency (RF) paths.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
S SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)

A peripheral device high-speed bus, defined by ANSI standard X2.131-1986.
Mostly used for harddisk, scanner, and streamer interfaces.
SCSM (Selectable Cell Site Messaging)
This optional feature allows the technician to have all output messages associated
with a specific cell site routed to a specific terminal.
SD (Schematic Drawing)
SDs are multipage documents that support particular applications. Of direct
interest to maintenance personnel will be the SDs that relate to cabling and
connections. These SDs document the circuit paths used in troubleshooting.
SDP (Status Display Page)
SDPs, sometimes referred to as cartoon pages, graphically represent the hardware
and software subsystems of the base station site and of the various components of
the MSC.
Selectable Cell Site Messaging (SCSM)
See SCSM.
Series II Advanced Mobile Phone Service

See AMPS.
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI)
See SCSI.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Status Display Page (SDP)
See SDP.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
T T1 span
A T1 span (DS1) contains twenty-four 56-kbps time slots capable of handling 24
standard TDM voice trunks.
T1
A four-wire voice and data trunking facility that carries 24 duplex channels over
56-kbps time slots.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/internet Protocol)
The pair of protocols and also a generic name for the suite of tools and protocols
that form the basis for the Internet. Originally developed to connect systems to the
ARPANET.
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
TDMA divides each carrier frequency into a number of time slots, each of which
constitutes an independent telephone circuit. Current North American digital
systems use TDMA.
TFU (Timing And Frequency Unit)
The TFU is the frequency reference and CDMA time-base unit that synchronizes
the base station with the other base stations in the CDMA network.
TI (Technician Interface)
See Craftshell Interface
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
See TDMA.
Timing And Frequency Unit (TFU)
See TFU.
Translations
The base station uses translations to access data stored centrally at the ECP. ECP
translations retrieves data from the application databases, formats them into
translations messages, and sends them to the requesting base station(s). The RCC
receives these messages, and stores them in write-protected local memory. Sub-
systems of the base station may access the data through RCC translations macros.
Transmission Control Protocol/internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
See TCP/IP.
Transmit amplifier
The transmit amplifier provides RF power amplification.
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
U UCL (Unconditional)
Priority of craft action which often applies to remove (rmv) and restore (rst). It is
sometimes pronounced "uncle".
UNIX
Computer operating system developed at Bell Laboratories and used for the
technician interface. UNIX is not an acronym (it was a pun on MIT's MULTICS).
UTMOST (User Talk MOST)
See MOST (-10).
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
V VCSA (Voice Channel Selection Activity)

VCSA measurements provide detailed information about traffic movement within
a cellular system by recording the occurrences of a set of predefined call-
processing events at specified cell sites.
Voice Channel Selection Activity (VCSA)
See VCSA.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
X XO (Crystal Oscillator)
The XO OM is an oscillator that provides a highly stable, 15-MHz frequency
reference over temperature variations expected within the base station.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Flexent

CDMA Distributed Base Station

Copyright © 2002 Lucent Technologies

Mandatory customer information

Part 1 of FCC rules

5ESS is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.

Adobe is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Incorporated.

AUTOPLEX is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.

Flexent is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.

Developed by Lucent Learning

Lucent Technologies - Proprietary

About this information product

1 Hardware and network introduction

The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station 1-3

2 Signal flow and component descriptions

RF signal flow and components description

Reference signal flow and components

Power distribution and components description

Maintenance flow and components

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station documentation

Base station user interfaces

ECP-based interface: Recent Change/Verify (RC/V) screens

ECP-based interface: craftshell interface and Read-Only Printer (ROP) basics

ECP-based interface: Status Display Pages (SDPs)

Application processor Command Line Interface (CLI)

Maintenance records and equipment

Fault isolation - diagnostic tests

6 Replace components and repair a base station

7 Configuration management (software updates, growth and degrowth procedures)

Before you begin

Base station initialization and Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) update

Grow a single carrier or sector

A DIP switch verification

BBU DIP switches A-2

Purpose This information product (IP) provides a description of the Flexent

Related documentation For related documentation, refer to the list below.

Related training For related training, refer to the list below.

To obtain technical The 401-010-001 Flexent®/AUTOPLEX® Wireless Networks

Purpose The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the wireless

Contents The topics covered in this chapter are as follows.

The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station 1-3

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station hardware 1-7

FCC statements for cellular applications of the Flexent 1-9

FCC statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA 1 - 10

Industry Canada statements for PCS applications of the 1 - 11

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station components 1 - 13

Differences between Cellular and PCS Flexent CDMA 1 - 18

Differences between indoor and outdoor Flexent CDMA 1 - 19

The Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station

Structure of the network The switching center is composed of these elements:

Radio Cluster Servers (RCSs), application processors, and cell

Important! In this document, the generic term “application

First generation Application Processor (AP) description

• Flexent application software

Second generation Mobility Manager Application Processor (MM-

Important! The MM-AP is an optional feature. Service

Important! The RCS software can only be installed on an MM-

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station hardware architecture

• Support of antenna sharing among RFUs on a given sector, so an

FCC statements for cellular applications of the Flexent CDMA

FCC statements for PCS applications of the Flexent CDMA

Industry Canada statements for PCS applications of the Flexent

Flexent CDMA Distributed Base Station components