LABOUR LEGISLATIONS

Introduction: The term `labour legislation is used to cover all the laws which have been enacted to deal with employment and non-employment wages, working conditions, industrial relations, social security and welfare of persons employed in industries.

Need for labour legislation in India: Organized industry in a planned economy calls for the spirit of co-operation and mutual dependence for attaining the common purpose of greater, better and cheaper production. Since this has not been happening voluntarily, the need for State intervention. In India, labour legislation is treated as an arm of the State for the regulation of working and living conditions of workers. The need for labour legislation may be summarized as under: o Necessary for the health, safety, and welfare of workers; o Necessary to protect workers against oppressive terms as individual worker is economically weak and has little bargaining power; o To encourage and facilitate the workers in the organization; o To deal with industrial disputes; o To enforce social insurance and labour welfare schemes.

Objectives: The objectives of labour legislations are two-fold: o Preservation of the health, safety and welfare of workers; and o Maintenance of good relations between employers and employees.

Principles of labour legislation: Social Justice: o The essence of democracy is ensuring social justice to all sections of the community. o This demands the protection of those who cannot protect themselves. o In modern industrial set-up, workers, left to themselves, are unable to protect their interest. o Therefore, the State has to intervene to help them by granting them freedom of association, the power of collective bargaining and by providing for mediation or arbitration in the case of industrial conflict. Social Equity: o Legislation based on this principle provides for achievement of definite standards.

Standards in terms of living, position in society etc. of the working population. These standards for the working class can be achieved by bringing about changes in the Law of our land. o Power to change the Law is exercised by the government. Existing laws may be amended to meet the changed standards. National Economy: o Measures have to be provided through legislation to: Ensure normal growth of industry for the benefit of the nation as a whole; Satisfy the physical and intellectual needs of the citizens; Ensure the growth of industrial efficiency such as to adjust the wage system with a view to increase the productivity and prosperity of the workers. International Uniformity: o Since its inception, securing minimum standards (for the working population worldwide) on a uniform basis in respect of all labour matters has been the main objective of ILO. o To this end, conventions are passed at the conferences of ILO. o As a member of the ILO, adopting these conventions would require appropriate legislation to be brought about. o The influence of international labour conventions has been significant in shaping the course of labour legislation in India.

Labour Legislation in India: In India, we have many labour laws that affect the labour conditions. The main laws are: o The Factories Act, 1948. o The Trade Union Act, 1926. o The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. o The Payment of Wages Act, 1936. o The Minimum Wages Act, 1948. o The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976.

Labour Legislation refers to all laws of the Government which have been enacted to provide social and economic security to the labour or workers. The evils of industrial volution have led to the labour legislation. Now the state has a direct interest in the industrial peace and prosperity. These acts are aimed at reduction of production losses due to industrial disputes and to ensure timely payment of wages and other minimum amenties of the workers.

Need of labour Legislation :

The basic principle of industrial legislation is to ensure social justice to the workers . The object of legislation is the equitable distribution of profits and benefits accruing from industry between industrialists and workers and affording protection to the workers against harmful affects to their health safety and morality.In a developing country like India, Labour legislation becomes especially important because of the following reasons : 1. Labour organizations are relatively weak and in most of the cases, they depend merely on the mercy of the employers. Individual worker is economically very weak and is unable to bargain his terms with the employers. Now the prior payment of wages lay off, dismissal, retrenchments etc , are all governed by legislation. The economic insecurity of the workers is removed to a great extent. 2. In many organizations, workers may feel occupational insecurity. The workers may not be given by amount in case of accidents, death, occupational Act, Employees State Insurance Ac, certain benefits have been statutarily given to workers which the employees otherwise may not get from their employers. 3. In any factories, there important working conditions on account of which the employees health and safety is always in danger. The factories Act contains a number of provisions relating to health safety and welfare of workers. Special provisions have been made for the women. 4. Labour legislation is also necessary from the view point of law and order situation and national security of the country. State plays a vital role I the continuing production. It helps in the economic development of the country. The idea of Welfare State is embodied in the Directive Principles of the constitution and for reason, various labour laws have been enacted to protect the sections of the society. 5. Labour Legislation is one of the most progressive and dynamic instruments for achieving socioeconomic progress : 6. Objectives of Labour Legislation The main objectives for various labour laws are as follws : To protect the workers from profit seeking exploiters. To promote cordial industrial relations between employers and employees. To preserve the health safety and welfare of workers. To product the interests of women and children working in the factories.

Principles of Labour Lesgislation :

There are four principles on which the labour legislation is based viz, 1. Social Justice 2. Social and Economic Justice 3. National economy 4. International conventions Social Justice: The concept of social justice refers to providing justice to everyone in the society so that the poor are not exploited by the rich. It is an in the interest of both employers and employees that they should consider themselves as two wheels of a cart and firmly believe that one cannot exist without the other. National Economy : Labour legislation ensures industrial peace and helps in the industrialization of the country. The Directive principles of the constitution contain the idea of welfare state. It is a fundamental of a welfare state to look after the interest of workers who are the weakest section of the society and satisfy their physical needs with the increase in productivity the benefits are shared with the workers, resulting ih their prosperity. Thus for the growth of economy and development of the country, labour legislation acts as guiding principle. International Conventions :International labour originations aims at securing the minimum standard of living for the workers throughout the world. If any convention is passed by govt, it becomes binding if it is ratified by any country. Thus, labour legislation is guided by these conventions.

Significance Wages are the most common earnings of people. Perceived by workers, clerks, managers, and employees in general, wages and salaries constitute the core element in income for the majority of active people. Similarly, many pension schemes are based on wage levels and dynamics. By contrast, the self-employed do not receive wages, but sell directly their labour in the market. The property and enterprise owners obtain income from rents, dividends, and other financial instruments' gains. The unemployed in certain countries and under constraints receive public financial support. In another perspective, wages are a major determinant of production costs. Types of wages

Nominal wages are written down in contracts between the employee and the organization. Real wages somehow correct nominal wages for prices of

goods and services bought by the employee. In specific institutional settings, nominal wages may be automatically and frequently adjusted to certain inflation measures, resulting in a more or less constant real wages. Part of the wage may be paid in nature (e.g. fringe benefits), but the core is usually paid with money. Some firms use stock options as part of the remuneration package. A part of firms' labour cost is given to the State in terms of taxes and contributions to social funds for retirement and unemployment. Thus, in many countries there exists a large discrepancy between gross and net wages.
This Diwali, may you be blessed with good fortune as long as Ganeshji's trunk, wealth and prosperity as big as his stomach, happiness as sweet as his ladoos and may your trouble be as small as his mouse. Happy Diwali Have a prosperous Diwali. Hope this festival of lights, brings you every joy and happiness. May the lamps of joy, illuminate your life and fill your days with the bright sparkles of peace, mirth and goodwill, because you are someone who deserves life's best and so much more. Have a joyous Diwali and new year.
Baniya on his death time. My wife, where r u ? Wife:Yes, Im here My sons daughters ru all here? Yes, Papa Baniya:To phir brabar wale kamre ka pankha Q khula hay ??? :D:D

Baniya 14th floor se neche gira Girte waqt usne apni ghar ki khirki me apni wife ko roti pakate hue dekha to chilla k bola MERI ROTI NAHI PAKANA! Titanic K Sath Baniya Bhi Doob Raha Tha Aur Hans Bhi Raha Tha Dost: Oye Hans Kyun Raha Hai? Baniya: Shukar Hai Main Ne Return Ticket Nahi Khareeda

Sardarni : Pata hai aaj 3 Dakoo aye aur meri izzat looti ! Sardar : Tumne unhe roka kyo nahi?? Sardarni: Maine bahot roka lekin woh kahne lage . Ab to hame jaane do hum bahot thak gaye hai. !! Aik Larki ne apni Jeans utar di or sardar je se boli: Ek sardar apne bete se bola : Bevakuf, kaisa machis leke aaya hai, ek bhi tili nahin jalti. Beta : Kya baat karte ho papa, sab tili test karke laya hu.

Boss : Where were you born ? sardar : Punjab. Boss : which part ? sardar : Kya which part ? Whole body born in punjab. Muje biwi honay ka Ehsas dilao sardar ne bhe Jeans utaar de or bola: Jao ye dono Jeans dho kar lao