POPULATION

Nurizatul Aziah Bte Hj Kamaruddin 08B0721

Nurul Hafizah Bte Abd Latif 08B0764

Nur Hasyimah Mastura Bte Hj Burhanuddin 08B0743

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INDEX
Introduction on Population Game - Aim of the game - Objectives - Content How to play - Break time! - Bonus - Jail Question and Answer Subtopics:Demographic Term Underpopulation and Overpopulation Population Pyramid Migration Government Policy Bonus Questions Page 5-6 Page 7-8 Page 9-10 Page 11-13 Page 14-15 Page 16-20 Page 4 Page 3

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AIM OF THE GAME To help students/players while doing revision on topic about population

OBJECTIVES By the end of this game, students should be able to master all sub-topics of population

CONTENT 1 game board (manila card) 8 coloured flags 1 die Cards consist of questions 1set of card consist of bonus questions

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How to play? This game can be played with 4 to 6 players and suitable for revision 1. Roll a die, the highest roller starts first. Play continues clockwise 2. On your turn, roll the die and move that number of squares clockwise around the board 3. According to the space you land on; question will be given based on the sub-topic where you stayed Example: If you stay on Demographic Term, you will get question based on demographic term, i.e. Define the term Birth rate and write its formula? 4. One or two students will have to check whether the answer given is correct 5. Continue until only one player finishes 3 rounds. Therefore he/she will be the winner for this population game

BREAK TIME! When you land on these spaces, you dont have to answer any question. Take a break. Just wait the turn to roll the die for the next round. BONUS Bonus questions will be given, if you can answer this questions you can move forward 2 squares. Otherwise you get nothing but to wait your turn to roll the die JAIL When you land on this space, youve been jailed. So you dont play 1 turn.

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DEMOGRAPHIC TERM
1. Question:

Define the term of BIRTH RATE and write its Formula. Birth Rate is the number of babies born per thousand people in the population per year. No of live births x 1000 Total Population

Answer:

Formula:

2. Question: Answer:

Define the term of DEATH RATE and write its Formula. Death Rate is the number of people who die per thousand people in the population per year.

Define the term of DEPENDENCY RATIO and write its Formula.

Formula: No of deaths x 1000 Total Population

3. Question: Answer:

Define the term of DEPENDENCY RATIO and write its Formula. Dependency Ratio is the ratio of dependants to the number of working population in the country.

Formula:

Young Dependants + Old Dependants Working Population

4. Question:

Define the term of INFANT MORTALITY RATE and the term of LIFE EXPECTANCY. Infant Mortality Rate is the number of infants under one year old who die per thousand live births per year. Life Expectancy is the number of years that a person is expected to live at birth.

Answer:

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5. Question: Define the term of NATURAL INCREASE and write its Formula. Answer: Natural Increase is the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths. Natural Increase = Birth Rate Death Rate

Formula:

6. Question: Define the term of NET MIGRATION and write its Formula. Answer: Net Migration is the number of people coming into a country less the number leaving it. Net Migration = Immigration Emigration

Formula:

7. Question: Define the term of POPULATION GROWTH and write its Formula. Answer: Formula: Population Growth is the result of natural increase and net migration. Population Growth = Natural Increase + Net Migration

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UNDERPOPULATION and OVERPOPULATION

1. Question: Define the term of Under-population. Answer: Under-population is a situation in which there are too few people to fully utilise the resources of a country.

2. Question: Define the term of Over-population. Answer: Over-population is a situation in which there are too many people and not enough resources to support the population in the country.

3. Question: Give at least 3 countries that you think that include under-population countries. Answer: Canada, Singapore, France, Greenland, Antartica, a few countries in Europe.

4. Question: Give at least 3 countries that you think that include over-population countries. Answer: China, India, Bangladesh, Africa, Asia, Russia, North America and some parts in England (London).

5. Question: Give at least 3 problems of over-population. Answer: Lack of food and water supply. Overcrowding. The emerging of squatter settlements or slum areas. Increasing unemployment Increasing rate of crimes, example raping, murdering, robberies, vandalism, etc. And others.

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6. Question: Give at least 3 problems of under-population. Answer: Lack of workers / shortage of workers Can prevent economic development Limited manpower for defence of the country. Declining birth rate i.e. population decrease. And others.

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POPULATION PYRAMID

1. Question: Define the term of Population pyramid. Answer: Population pyramid is a diagram used to show the age-sex structure of a countrys population in the form of graphs.

2. Question: The shape of a Population pyramid is determined by? Give at least 3 terms. Answer: Birth rate Death rate Annual population growth Infant mortality rate Life expectancy. Age groups.

3. Question: Match the diagram of Population pyramid that given to you with this characteristics: Broad base and narrow apex/top. Has a large young population and few elderly people. E.g. of countries Saudi Arabia, Kenya, Nigeria and Mexico.

Answer:
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4. Question: Match the diagram of Population pyramid that given to you with this characteristics: A very narrow base and broad top. Indicates a negative population growth or known as depopulation. Associated with very advanced countries such as Germany, Belgium and Switzerland. Answer:-

5. Question:

Name the group of A, B and C shown on the pyramid. Hint: Children (Young dependent), Adults group or working population, and Aged population (old dependent).

Answer:-

% of total population

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MIGRATION
1. Question: Define the term of Migration. Answer: Migration is the movement of people from one place to another place.

2. Question: State 2 types of migration. Answer: Internal migration. International migration.

3. Question: Choose one from the term of either Internal, International, Rural-Urban, Voluntary, or Involuntary migration. Define the term that you choose.

Answer: Internal migration is the movement of people within their own country. International migration is the movement of people across the international boundaries. Rural-urban migration is the movement of people away from the rural regions (farms and villages) to an urban town or city. Voluntary migration is the migration of people from one country to another country because of their own free will. Involuntary migration is the migration of people from one country to another country against their own free will.

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4. Question: What are the causes of rural-urban migration? Give 3 causes of push factors and the 3 causes of pull factors.

Answer:Push factors Lack of entertainment Lack of education Low standard of living Lack of employment Natural disasters e.g. volcanic eruption, earthquakes, flooding, typhoon and etc. And others Pull factors Lots of employment opportunities Better education High standard of living Lots of entertainment Better medical care and health facilities And others

5. Question: What are the consequences of rural-urban migration? Give at least 3 consequences to the rural areas and at least 3 consequences to the urban areas. Answer:Consequences in rural areas Rural depopulation less young male people Shortage of young people to work in farms Dependent people (elderly people and children) are helpless without their bread winners Low agricultural productivity Rural poverty will be even more widespread And others Consequences in urban areas There will be a problem of overcrowdedness Increasing unemployment. Most of young rural people are uneducated and unskilled There will be the growth of squatter settlement An increasing rate of crimes Increasing in the number of birth rate And others

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6. Question: What are the problems faced by the immigrants (people who enter a country)? Give at least 3 problems. Answer: Difficult to find a place to settle down. Difficult to communicate with other people, because different language. Difficult to get the suitable jobs, because they are not suited to their qualifications. Difficult to adapt to the new environment because of the different language, culture, food, background, lifestyle, etc. Maybe they have financial problems. And others

7. Question:

What are the consequences to the host (receiving) and home countries due to the international migration? Give at least 3 consequences to the host (receiving) and at least 3 consequences to the home countries.

Answer:Consequences to the host countries Consequences to the home countries Competition for jobs between the local and the immigrants Brain drain (is the losing of intelligent and bright people) in the country of origin Racial discrimination or racial tensions can occur Poverty arises and thus increasing crimes Concentrations of immigrants belonging to a particular ethic groups e.g., the establishment of China town They gain benefit as the migrant sent back money When they returned, they bring back with them new skills

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GOVERNMENT POLICY 1. Question: China is the most populous country in the world with a population of 1.2 billion in 1995. High population growth before 1970 hindered economic progress, so the government adopted a policy named Chinas One-Child Policy. What measures does the government of China take to this policy? State at least 3 measures. Answer: Birth control such as contraceptives, sterilisation, and abortion are made easily available to people Financial disincentives fines are imposed to discourage couples from having more than one child. A couple with a second child has to pay a fine and an annual tax Education Couples with only one child are given free education for their child Incentives Couples with only one child are given a 10% salary bonus

2. Question: Chinas One-Child policy is very successful in urban areas. However, in rural areas, it is not quietly successful. Why was that? State at least 3 reasons. Answer: Uneducated especially among women They are not expose to new things Many rural people are farmers, therefore, they need more children Some areas are to remote and unreachable Strong traditional culture And others

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3. Question: In 1980s, the Singapore government realised that the population was growing below replacement level, which means that people were not having enough children to replace the number who died. The government then decided to implement a policy named Singapores three or more policy. What measures does the Singapore government take to this policy? State at least 3 measures. Answer: Facilities Government has encouraged the establishment of child-care centres so that working mothers will be able to have children and continue with their careers. Conducive working conditions such as flexible working hours and part time employment are encouraged as well as extended maternity leave. Incentives Married couples with more than two children are given tax rebates, subsidies for children in approved child-care centres and priority for housing. Education Married couple with many children are given free education for their child. And others

4. Question: What do you think the factors that cause the failure of child policy in India? Answer: Low standard of living Especially in rural areas, majority of them still practicing farming and need more labours (which is their own children) Poor communication The advertisement for one child policy is limited. Meaning to say that some part of areas in India is difficult to reach due to poor communication Culture and Religion Example in Islam, abortion is a sin and illegal. For certain culture, they think that the more children they have, the more their social class gets higher

And others
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BONUS QUESTIONS
1. Question: State at least 3 reasons for low Birth Rate (BR) in most developed countries. Answer: High level of education Widespread use of birth control methods e.g. contraceptives, sterilization, and abortions Women are becoming more educated and career-minded Women prefer to remain single and marry late Improved medical care and medical advancement leads to reduction in the number of deaths among children. Therefore, reducing the need to bear more children And others

2. Question: State at least 3 reasons for high Birth Rate (BR) in most developing countries. Answer:-

Low level of education Lack of family planning Early marriages Religious or cultural beliefs against birth control methods Improved sanitation and access to clean water supplies And others

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3. Question: State at least 3 reasons for Death Rate (DR) Answer:-

Diseases e.g. heart attack, obesity, cancer, malaria, Birds flu, and etc.
Natural disasters e.g. Tsunami, Earthquakes, flooding, typhoon, volcanic eruptions, and etc. Poor medical and health care Wars. Poor hygiene and sanitation e.g. cleanliness Malnutrition And others

4. Question: Why Death Rate (DR) is low in most developed countries? State at least 3 reasons. Answers:-

Better medical and health services Better sanitation Better nutrition/better diet High level of education Better transportation and distribution of food because all the areas are well served And others

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5. Question: Why Death Rate (DR) is low in some developing countries? State at least 3 reasons. Answer:-

Improved medical care Improved sanitation and hygiene Improvement in nutrition Improvement in food production and distribution because of improvement in
transportation e.g. remote areas can be reachable

Increasing in the level of education And others

6. Question: Why they have low infant mortality rate in developed countries? State at least 3 reasons. Answer: Better medical care and health services better medical technology Better nutrition/better diet pregnant mothers take high in protein, balanced diet. Among pregnant mothers have high level of education or have knowledge on how to look-after themselves, how to make their baby healthy e.g. they take high protein And others

7. Question: Why they have low infant mortality rate in many developing countries? State at least 3 reasons. Answer:-

Improvement in terms of medical care, enough medicine, doctors, enough

vaccination, so diseases can be controlled

Improvement in nutrition/diet e.g. among pregnant mothers Improvement in the level of education among pregnant mothers And others
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8. Question: How to solve the problems of under-population (solution)? Give at least 3 solutions. Answer:-

Encourage more birth by increasing the birth rate as in the case of Singapore with
its three or more policy and by giving some incentives.

Increase the retirement age of the old workers for e.g. from 55 years old to 60
years old.

Employ foreign workers Adopt appropriate technology e.g. use robots to replace manual workers And others

9. Question: How to solve the problems of over-population (solution)? Give at least 3 solutions. Answer: Provide more jobs for the unemployment by opening more new industries Introduce population policy as in the case of China One Child policy which is very strict. Increasing the level of education Increasing the standard of living Increasing the food supply And others

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10. Question: What can you expect the population pyramid will be in urban area where the migration is high (rural-urban migration)? Answer:- For example:

11. Question: What are the causes of international migration? Give at least 3 causes. Answer: Searching for jobs/ employment e.g. Bangladesh people migrate to the Brunei who become salesman. For studies or to find better education e.g. Bruneian students who are under government scholarship who studied in UK, Australia, Malaysia, Egypt and etc. For vacation to enjoy their holidays or to visit other countries. For medical reasons because to treat patients who could not undergo some major operations locally and they have to undergo the operation outside Brunei. For sport event for e.g. SEA games which many participates from other countries joined And others

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