Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
DIPLOMA COURSE
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER SYSTEM
(DRAFT COPY)
PREPARED AT
Curriculum Development Centre, Kalamassery
By The Staff of the Technical Education Department
2
Branch: ELECTRICAL
First Year (Semesters I & II Combined)
Periods Per Week Evaluation (Marks)
CODE SUBJECT Theory Practical Total Theory Practical Internal Total
THEORY:
GE 101 English 4 ----- 4 100 ---- 25 125
GE 102 Technical 6 ----- 6 100 ---- 25 125
Mathematics
Applied Science
GE 103A Physics 3 ---- 3 50 ---- 12.5 62.5
GE 103B Chemistry 3 ----- 3 50 ---- 12.5 62.5
GE 104 Engineering 1 3 4 100 ----- 50 150
Graphics
GE 105 Computer 2 1 3 100 ---- 25 125
Fundamentals &
ProgramminginC
PRACTICAL:
GE 107 Applied
Science Lab ----- 2 2 ---- 50 25 75
Physics
Chemistry
EE 108 Workshop
Practice ----- 6 6 ---- 100 50 150
TIME SCHEDULE
V a) Composition
Essay writing
Comprehension
Precis writing
Note making
Application for Jobs
Preparation of bio – data 24
AIM :
The special needs of the technical students in English language require a curriculum
that enables them to handle the language as an effective tool for communication. An
integration of the four – fold language abilities namely listening, speaking, reading and
writing aims at developing the ability to correctly and effectively use the language for
specific technical requirements. Thus the teaching of English language to Technical
students will definitely help them for their performance in their professional needs.
OBJECTIVES :
1. Comprehension
2. Vocabulary
4. Composition
5. Spoken Communication
6. Pronunciation
ST UDY MATERI AL S
TIME SCHEDULE
I 1.1 Matrices 8
1.2 Determinants 6
1.3 Binomial Series 6
1.4 Trigonometric Functions 8
Tutorials 4
(1 pd/week)
Test on Topics 1.1 to 1.4 3
Revision 10
Model test and feed back 7
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192
8
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.1 Matrices
1.1.0 Understand operations on matrices such as addition, subtraction, transpose,
adjoint, inverse and multiplication
1.1.1 Define a matrix
1.1.2 Identify the type of a given matrix
(Square, Unit, Singular etc)
1.1.3 Perform operations of addition and multiplication of a given matrix
1.1.4 Define – transpose, adjoint and inverse of a matrix
1.1.5 Find the inverse of 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 matrices
1.1.6 Solve linear equations by using the inverse of the coefficient matrix
1.2 Determinants
1.2.0 Solve simultaneous linear equations using determinants
1.2.1 Evaluate determinants of second and third order
1.2.3 Find the minors and cofactors of the elements in a determinant
1.2.4 Solve simultaneous linear equations in 3 unknowns using Cramer’s rule.
1.2.5 Elimination of three linear equations in to unkowns.
UNIT – II
2.1.4 State the identities for SinA, CosA, tanA in terms of A/2.
2.1.5 Solve the problems of the type: if Sin A = 0.6 and A is acute, find sin 2A
and cos A/2
2.1.6 Express sum or difference of two sines or two cosines as a product and
vice versa.
2.1.7 Apply sum and product formulae to do the problems of the type
(1) Sin A + Sin 3A+ Sin 5A = tan 3A
Cos A+Cos 3A+ Cos 5A
(2) Sin 10˚ Sin 50˚ Sin 70˚ = 1/8
UNIT – III
2) limit 1/x = 0
x ->α
3.1.3 Find the limit of the following type
1) limit 2x + 1
x->1 3x - 2
2) limit 2x² + 3x
x-> α 5x² + 4x + 1
3) limit x² – 3x
x->3 x² - 9
3.1.4 verify the following results
1) limit xn – an = n a n-¹, when n is rational
x->a x – a
2) limit Sin = 1, is in radian
ø ->0 ø
3.1.5 Solve problems of the type
1) Limit √x - √a
x->a x - a
2) limit Sin mø
ø->0 ø
3.1.6 Describe the general definition of continuous functions
eSinx, log sinx, (x²+1)10 Sec5x, Sin 2x, Cot5 (x³), log (sec x + tan x)
1+cos2x
3.3.3 Find the derivative of the implicit functions of the form
ax² + 2hxy + by² = 0
3.3.4 Differentiate parametric functions of the type
x = f(x), y = g(t)
3.3.5 Find the second derivative of the functions
y = x , y = x² sinx
x-2
3.3.6 Solve the problem of the type
If y = x2 cos x, show that
x² d²y – 4x dy + (x²+6) y = 0
dx² dx
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
1) x cos x dx
2) x² e-x dx
3) x log x dx
4) log x dx
1) x (1-x) ² dx
0
13
π
2) sin²x dx
0
3) x √1+x² dx
0
π
4) 1-Sinx dx
0 x+Cosx
π/2
5) x cosx dx
0
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
1.1 Matrices
Matrix notation, order of a matrix, and type of matrices: - Square matrix, unit matrix, Zero
matrix, and Singular matrix. Transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew-symmetric
matrices, sum and product of matrices, Adjoint of a matrix, inverse of a matrix (definition
only) and problems.
1.2 Determinants
Determinants of second and third order matrices, minors and cofactors, Cramer’s rule,
solution of simultaneous linear equations in three unknowns by Cramer’s rule. Elimination of
three linear equations in two unknowns.
Idea of nCr, Value of nCr (no derivation). Binomial theorem for positive integers (no proof),
finding a given term in a Binomial Expansion.
14
UNIT – II
Addition formulae, Multiple and Sub-multiple formulae, Sum and Product formulae, simple
problems.
State and prove Sine rule, Cosine rule and projection formula. State and prove Napier’s
formula and simple problems relating to this.
UNIT – III
Definition of derivative of xn, Sin x, Cos x etc by using first principle, find derivatives of ex
and log x, Fundamental formulas, product and Quotient rules (statement only). Derivatives
of other trigonometric functions, Simple problems.
UNIT – IV
Geometrical meaning of derivatives, Slope, Tangent, Normal and Equation of a straight line,
Rate of change.
Problems connecting Area and Volume, Velocity and Accelerations.
Increasing and Decreasing functions, Turning points, Finding Maximum and Minimum
values of a function by using derivatives, Conditions for Maximum and Minimum, Simple
problems.
UNIT – V
Integral of the product of two functions, formula (without proof) and simple problems.
Finding areas between the curve y = f(x) and the axes, Volume of the solid, Problems
REFERENCE BOOKS
....
17
TIME SHEDULE
II 2.1 Statics 10
2.2 Elasticity 4
2.3 Fluid Flow 5
2.4 Viscosity 3
2.5 Surface Tension 3
2.6 Simple Harmonic Motion 5
Test – 2 2
III 3.1 Optics 7
3.2 Electricity 12
3.3 Semiconductors 6
3.4 Laser 2
3.5 Photoelectric Effect 3
Test – 3 2
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Total 96
====
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.2 Dynamics
1.2.0 Apply the dynamics of a particle in practical situations.
UNIT – II
2.1 Statics
2.2 Elasticity
2.4 Viscosity
UNIT – III
3.1 Optics
3.3 Semiconductors
3.4 Laser
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Units – fundamental and derived units. Systems of units – S.I. Dimensions – Application –
Derivation of expression of period of a simple pendulum using dimension.
1.2 Dynamics
Definitions for Work, Power, Energy – Units of work – Power and energy, Potential energy and
Kinetic energy – Expression for P.E and K.E. (no derivation). Numerical problems.
Moment of inertia of a rigid body – Radius of gyration. Theorems of Parallel and Perpendicular
axis (only statement) – Angular momentum Torque – Relation between Torque and angular
momentum (no derivation) expression for K.E. of rotation (no derivation). Moment of Inertia of
a uniform circular disc about an axis passing through its center and Perpendicular to its Plane
(derivation) – K.E. of disc rolling on a horizontal Plane. Numerical problems.
UNIT – II
2.1 Statics
Vectors and Scalars – Triangle Method of vector addition – Concurrent forces – Resultant and
equilibrant – Parallelogram law – Derivation of the resultant in Magnitude and direction – Law of
triangle of forces – Lami’s theorem – Resolution of forces – Parallel forces – Like and unlike
Parallel forces – moment of force- Conditions of equilibrium of body under the action of a
number of coplanar parallel forces couples – Moment of a couple – work done by a couple –
Numerical problems.
2.2 Elasticity
Elastic and plastic bodies – Stress – Strain – units - Hooke’s law – Young’s Modulus Rigidity
modulus, Bulk modulus – Numerical problems.
Stream line and turbulent flow – Pressure enemy, Potential energy and kinetic energy of a liquid
– Equation of continuity – Bernoulli’s theorem – Applications – Air foil and Atomizer.
2.4 Viscosity
Viscous force – Coefficient of viscosity – Unit dimension - Poiseuille’s formula (no derivation).
Stokes formula - Variation of viscosity with temperature - Numerical problems.
Surface tension - Surface energy – Relation between S.T and Surface energy (Proof) – Expression
for excess of Pressure inside a spherical drop and bubble (no derivation) – Problems.
UNIT – III
3.1 Optics
Smells law of refraction – Critical angle – Total internal reflection – Optical fiber Convex and
concave mirror – Focus, image formed by mirror (Qualitaive idea only), Mention the formula 1/u
+ 1/v = 1/f, (no derivation) – Convex and concave lens, focus image formed by lenses(qualitative
idea only), mention the formula 1/f = 9n-1)[1/R1 - 1/R2] , no derivation. Simple microscope –
magnifying power m=1+d/f, No derivation.
3.2 Electricity
Kirchoff’s Laws – WheatStone’s bridge - Condition for balancing – Magnetic effect of Electricity
– Biot and Savart Law – Right hand palm rule – Magnetic field due to current through circular
coil at a point on the axial line and at the center (no derivation) – Fleming’s Left hand rule –
Force on a current carrying Conductor placed in a magnetic field – moving coil galvanometer –
theory and construction – Conversion of a galvanometer into ammeter and voltmeter – Numerical
problems.
3.3 Semiconductors
3.4 Laser
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SHEDULE
II PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
2.1 Electrochemistry 10
2.2 Corrosion 7
2.3 Energetics 10
2.4 Colloids 5
Test – II 1
3.1 Introduction 4
3.2 Polymers 9
3.3 Paints, Varnishes & Adhesives 6
3.4 Fuels 9
3.5 Environmental Pollution 5
3.6 Chemistry In Action 2
Test – III 1
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Total 96
====
25
OBJECTIVES
UNIT - I INORGANIC AND THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY
Introduction
STRUCTURE OF ATOM
1.2.0 Understand the basic ideas related to modern approach to the structure of atom
1.2.1 State the fundamental particles – proton, electron, neutron – their charge & mass
1.2.2 Differentiate atomic number & mass number
1.2.3 Explain the concept of isotopes
1.2.4 Describe the dual nature of matter
1.2.5 Outline de-Broglie equation
1.2.6 State Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
1.2.7 Explain the concept of uncertainty
1.2.8 Distinguish between orbit & Orbital
1.2.9 Illustrate the Hund’s rule & Aufbau principle
1.2.10 Illustrate the electronic configuration of first 20 elements
1.2.11 State modern periodic law
1.2.12 Classify elements based on electronic configuration
CHEMICAL BONDING
1.3.0 Understand the different types of chemical bonds – how & why they are formed
1.3.1 Explain the reason for inactivity of zero group elements
1.3.2 Illustrate ionic, covalent & co-ordinate bond
1.3.3 Define electro-negativity
1.3.4 Explain the polar character of covalent bond & significance of Hydrogen
Bonding
1.3.5 Illustrate the application of hydrogen bonding – high boiling point of water,
density of ice, silky nature of proteins (elementary idea only)
VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS
Water
1.7.0 Understand hard & soft water- definition, types of hardness, its causes & certain methods
of removal
1.7.1 Distinguish between hard water & soft water
1.7.2 Mention the types of hardness
1.7.3 Explain methods of removal of hardness – one each (temp. – boiling, permanent
– ion exchange)
1.7.4 Define degree of hardness
1.7.5 Explain the method of determination of degree of hardness using EDTA –
principle, procedure & calculation
1.7.6 Explain disadvantages of using hard water – wastage of soap in laundry,
formation of boiler scales
Corrosion
2.2.0 Understand the concept of corrosion & identify it as an electrochemical process
2.2.1 Define corrosion
2.2.2 Explain the rusting of iron-mention the conditions for rusting
2.2.3 Explain the electrochemical theory of corrosion
2.2.4 Describe the methods of prevention of corrosion, barrier protection and
sacrificial protection
2.2.5 Explain the theory behind each method learned
Chemical Energetics
2.3.0 Appreciate the basic concepts of ‘Thermodynamics’ & ‘Chemical
Thermodynamics’
2.3.1 Explain the scope and limitations of thermodynamics
2.3.2 Distinguish between a) reversible & irreversible reactions b) exothermic &
endothermic reactions
2.3.4 Explain ‘system & surroundings’
2.3.5 Distinguish between open, closed & isolated systems
2.3.6 Define macroscopic properties
2.3.7 Distinguish between extensive & intensive properties
2.3.8 Describe the different thermodynamic processes like isothermal, adiabatic,
isobaric & isochoric process
2.3.9 State the first law of thermodynamics
2.3.10 Explain internal energy E & ^E
2.3.11 Explain the concept of work & heat
2.3.12 State the mathematical expression for the first law of thermodynamics
2.3.13 State Hess’s Law – only statement & examples (solving problems not expected)
2.3.14 Describe the limitations of the 1st law
2.3.15 Explain the terms a) ‘enthalpy’ H & ^H b) entropy S & ^S
2.3.16 Describe spontaneous & non-spontaneous processes with suitable examples.
2.3.17 State 2nd law of thermodynamics
2.3.18 Explain Gibb’s free energy G & ^G
2.3.19 Derive the mathematical expression (only) for Gibb’s – Helmholtz equation
2.3.20 State 3rd law of thermodynamics
Colloids
2.4.1 Comprehend the methods of preparation, the properties & some industrial
applications of colloid
2.4.2 Define ‘colloids’
2.4.3 Illustrate the different types of colloids with examples.
2.4.4 Describe the method for the preparation of Fe(OH)3 sol
2.4.5 Describe Bredic’s Arc method
2.4.5 Describe the purification of colloids by Dialysis
28
Polymers
3.2.0 Understand the nature of some industrially important polymers
Fuels
3.4.0 Comprehend the classification and use of various types of fuel.
3.4.1 Define “fuel”
3.4.2 Explain their classification into solid, liquid & gaseous
3.4.3 Give brief explanation of solid fuels wood, charcoal, lignite, bituminous coal,
anthracite coal – list their applications
29
3.4.4 Explain briefly the liquid fuels petrol, diesel, kerosene & list their applications
3.4.5 Explain gaseous fuels natural gas (CNG), producer gas, water gas, LPG & Gobar
gas
3.4.6 Describe nuclear fuels with examples
3.4.7 Define 1) calorific value 2) octane number 3) Cetane no.
3.4.8 Explain 1) knocking 2) cracking
Environmental pollution
3.5.0 Investigate the impact of pollution on the environment
3.5.1 Describe the categorization and sources
3.5.2 List the different methods of controlling pollution
1) Effluent treatment 2) removal of toxic gases and particulate materials
3.5.3 Distinguish between BOD & COD
Chemistry in action
CONTENT DETAILS
1.1 Introduction
Atoms and Molecules, Valency, Molecular formula, Atomic weight, Molecular weight,
Chemical equation, Problems based on Chemical equation.
Chemical Bonding - theory of valency – Inertness of Zero group elements - Ionic bond, Co-
ordinate bond, Co-valent bond, Polar character of covalent bond – Hydrogen bond –
Applications High B.P of Water, density of ice, silky nature of protein (Idea only).
Acids-Bases – (Arrherius, & Lewis Concepts) – Concepts of strong and weak acids & bases –
Neutralization - Equivalent weight of acid & bases (Calculate based on Equation) -Oxidation,
Reduction (electronic concept and oxidation No concept) - Redox reaction (Eg: - Daniel Cell
reaction).
1.3 Water
Hard & soft water, Types of Hardness – degree of hardness. One method to remove
Temporary hardness (Boiling) – Renormal of permanent hardness (Ion-exchange method) –
disadvantages of using hard water a) Wastage of Soap in laundry) Boil Scales –
Determination of Degree of hardness using EDTA (Principle & Procedure only).
(Problems not expected from the chapter)
Galvanic cell –
Difference in the sign of electrodes – Primary cell (eg: - Daniel cell construction details,
Anode reaction, cathode reaction & Net cell reaction)
Secondary cells –
Lead storage balling, (Constructional details – charging & discharging) Electrochemical senis
– Application in the construction of a cell.
Fuel cells –
Introduction, Hydrogen – Oxygen fuel cell, Methanol – Oxygen fuel (elementary idea only) –
Advantages.
2.2 Corrosion
Definition – Rusting of Fe condition for Rusting of Fe, Electrochemical theory of corrosion,
Preventing of corrosion
i) Barrur protection
ii) Sacrificial protection
iii) Cathodic protection
iv) Antirust solution.
Understand the term chemical energetic & thermodynamics _ Scope & Limitations of
Thermodynamics. Basic concepts – Reversible & Irreversible reaction, Exothermic &
endothermic reactions, systems & surroundings – Types of systems Open, closed, Isolated –
process – Macroscopic properties – Extensive & Intensive properties.
Thermodynamic process
Isothermal, Adrabalie, Isobaric, Isochoric Process.
First Law of Thermodynamics – (statement)
Internal energy (E) and Internal energy change (E)
Concept of Work & heat
31
2.4 Colloids
Definition, Types of colloids, preparation 1) Condensation-e.g. Ferric hydroxide sol 2)
Dispersion- e.g. Bredic’s arc method, purification – dialysis, Properties. 1. Tyndall effect 2.
Brownian movement 3. Electrophoresis 4. Coagulation Hardy – Schulze rule, Gold number
Industrial application 1) Smoke precipitation 2) Treatment of sewage 3) Purification of
drinking water.
3.1 Introduction
Differences between organic and inorganic compounds – uniqueness of carbon – catenation,
saturated and unsaturated – general classification of organic compound – classification based
on functional groups isomerism (definition wish an example).
3.2 Polymers
Polymerization – illustrate with examples – Addition and condensation polymerization with
one example each.
3.3 Plastics - Thermoplastics, Thermosetting plastic, with one example each –
advantages.
3.4 Rubber – Natural and synthetic rubber (example), vulcanization.
3.5 Fiber – Natural fibers, synthetic fibers, semi synthetic fibers, examples.
VARNISHES
Type, Constituents
LUBRICANTS
Principle of lubrication – Types of lubricants
ADHESIVES
Types and Applications.
3.4 Fuels
Types of fuels - solid, liquid, gaseous and nuclear - Calorific value of fuels. Knocking,
Cracking - Octane number and octave number.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Soni P.L. A Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry S.Chand & Co., New Delhi
2. Puri B.L. & A Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry Shoban Lal Nagin
Sharma L.R Chand&Co, Jalandhar
3. B.S.Bahl Text book of Organic Chemistry S.Chand & Co., New Delhi
4. I.L. Finar Organic Chemistry – Vol I ELBS & Longman, Group Ltd.,
Arun Bahl
5. Sono. P.L. Textbook of physical Chemistry Sultan Chand & Sons, New
Delhi
6. A.J. Mee Physical Chemistry William Heinemann Ltd.,
London
7. Glasstone & Element of Physical Chemistry Macmillan Press
Lewis
33
TIME SCHEDULE
OBJECTIVES
UNIT - I
1.2.1 Select the proper instrument to draw horizontal, vertical and inclined lines
1.2.2 Select the proper instrument to draw large and small circles and arcs to its
specifications
1.2.3 Select the proper pencil to draw different types of line according to its
specifications
1.2.4 Identify the steps to keep the drawing clean and tiny
1.4.1 Write drawing tile using sloping and vertical lettering including numerals as per
BIS
1.4.2 Select suitable size of letters of different layout and applications
1.4.3 Write engineering drawings notes using lettering stencils
1.5 Dimensioning
UNIT – II
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
4.2.1 State whether the auxiliary view is needed, given an engineering drawing
4.2.2 Draw the auxiliary views of a given engineering drawing
UNIT - V
5.1.1 Explain the need for and types of commonly used pictorial drawings
5.1.2 Prepare isometric drawing of simple objects using appropriate construction
procedures given their appropriate drawings
5.1.3 Sketch the isometric views of simple engineering objects given either
orthographic drawing or actual components
5.1.4 Prepare oblique drawing – cavalier and cabinet-of simple engineering objects
given either orthographic drawings or actual components
5.1.5 Sketch 5.4 by free hand
5.1.6 Identify the correct pictorial view from orthographic drawings
5.2 Visualization
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
Explanation of the scope and objective of this subject – its importance as a graphic
communication, Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) need for preparing drawing as per
standards – BIS, SP 46.
Basic drawing instruments – T square – Set square – compass dividers – drawing boards –
Pencils – Drawing papers – Mini drafter – French curves – Stencils – Selection and mode of
using them.
Size of drawing sheets – Layouts of drawing sheet – Title Blocks – Types of lines – Folding
of drawing sheets
Need for legible lettering and numbering on drawings – selection of suitable size of lettering
for different drawing writing of Engineering drawing titles and notes using both vertical and
sloping styles.
1.5 Dimensioning
Construction of regular polygon given the length of its side - methods of inserting a regular
Polygon in a given circle – construction of ellipse by different methods (eccentrically,
concentric circle, parallelogram). Definition of involute, helix, parabola & hyperbola –
Construction of cycloid helix, involute and parabola.
38
UNIT – II
Projection of points in different quadrants, projection of straight lines parallel to one or both
planes, parallel to one plane –perpendicular to other – inclined to one plane and parallel to
other line inclined to both planes (In first quadrant only)
Methods of finding true length and its inclination with the reference planes. Projection of
planes – parallel to one plane and perpendicular to other plane (in first quadrant only)
UNIT - III
Explanation of the meaning of orthographic projection using a viewing box and a model-
number views obtained need of only three views for displaying the object. Concept front
view, top view and side view-sketching these views for a number of engineering objects-
explanation of the meaning of first angle and third angle projection – symbol of projection
UNIT - IV
Need for sectional drawing of an engineering object- selection of the section plane to reveal
the maximum information – sectional views (full and half section) of simple engineering
objects.
UNIT - V
5.2 Visualization
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
V 5.1 Graphics in c 7
5.2 Computer Networks 3
5.3 Programming practice 6
Test 5 2
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TOTAL 96
===
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.2.3 Describe the hardware functional components of a digital computer with the help
of a block diagram
1.2.4 List the functions of ALU, Memory, Input, Output Units and Control Unit
1.2.5 Define CPU and Microprocessor
1.2.6 List the classifications of computers based on capability
1.2.7 Describe micro, mini, mainframe and supercomputers in brief
1.2.8 Discuss machine language, Assembly language and high level language
1.2.9 List the different software components
1.2.10 Define system software and application software
1.2.11 Give examples for system software and application software
1.2.12 State the need for translators – assembler, compiler
1.2.13 Define operating system
1.2.14 List the functions of operating system
1.2.15 List the names of various operating system
UNIT – II
2.1.0 Use data processing techniques and DBMS (not for theory exam)
UNIT – III
3.1.0 Use ‘C’ language in programming
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
Steps in problem solving – Algorithm, Flowchart- Flow chart symbols- examples syntax,
semantics- types of high level languages – characteristics of high level languages - Types
of high level languages – Examples – Procedural and object oriented programming
languages
45
Arrays – declaration, processing, searching, sorting – linear search, bubble sort – multi
dimensional arrays- matrix manipulations, character strings, string declaration, input/out
put functions gets (), puts ()
C-Graphics – resolution – graphics functions – initgraph (), setcolor (), setbkcolor (),
putpixel (), Line (), circle (), rectangle (), out text (), outtextxy ()
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Brian w. Kernigham and Dennys M. Ripchie : The ‘C’ programming Language, PHI
2. Hughes J. K. and Michton J. I. : A structured approach to Programming , Prentice Hall India.
3. Gottfried.B : Theory and problems Programming with C, Tata McGraw Hill.
4. E. Balaguruswamy Programming ANSI C, Tata McGraw Hill.
5. Robert A. Radcliffe: Encyclopedia C , BPB Publications
46
TIME SCHEDULE
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
1.1.14 Compute the unknown quantity in a network applying the above theorem
1.1.15 Distinguish between Electric power and energy in D.C. circuits
1.1.16 Solve problems on power and energy
UNIT II
2.1.0 Appreciate the phenomena associated with static electricity and magnetism
UNIT III
3.1.1 Derive an expression for the force produced by current carrying conductor
place in a magnetic field
3.1.2 Derive the expression for the force of a long conductor and long solenoid
3.1.3 Express the relation between m.m.f , flux and reluctance of a magnetic
circuit
3.1.4 Compute the ampere tons of a given electromagnet
3.1.5 Compare magnetic circuit and electric circuit
3.1.6 State Faraday’s laws of Electro magnetic induction
3.1.7 State Lenz’s law and Fleming’s right hand rule
3.1.8 Differentiate statically and dynamically induced e.m.f
3.1.9 Differentiate between self induced e.m.f and mutually induced e.m.f
3.1.10 Define self inductance and mutual inductance
3.1.11 Obtain the formula for co-efficient of coupling
3.1.12 Solve problems in electromagnetic induction
3.1.13 Derive the expression for energy stored in a magnetic circuit
UNIT IV
4.1.11 Solve problems in RL, RC, circuits to determine XL, XC, Z , P.F and I.
4.1.12 Draw the phase diagram of RL, RC circuits
4.1.13 Differentiate apparent power, true power and reactive power in A.C circuits
4.1.14 Apply a factor of series A.C circuits
4.1.15 Describe the resonance condition in R-L-C circuits
4.1.16 Solve problems on R-L-C series circuits
4.1.17 Describe parallel A.C circuits
4.1.18 Compute the unknown quantity in parallel RLC combination by vector method
4.1.19 Describe resonance condition in RLC parallel circuit
4.1.20 Define a factor in parallel circuit
UNIT V
CONTENT OUTLINE
Static electricity - Absolute and relative permittivity of a medium, Dielectric consent - Laws of
electrostatics. Electric field, Field strength or field intensity, Electrostatic induction, Electric flux
density - potential and potential difference, Potential at a point, Potential of a charged sphere –
Equipotential surfaces - Potential gradient - Breakdown voltage and dielectric strength.
Capacitance
Capacitor and capacitance - Capacitance of an isolated Sphere - Spherical capacitor and parallel
plate capacitor - Variable capacitors - Capacitors in series and parallel - Energy stored in a
capacitor
Secondary cells
Primary and secondary cells - Comparison of lead acid and alkaline cells - initial charging and
commissioning of new batteries - charging methods. Calculation of ampere hour efficiency and
Watt hour efficiency
Care and maintenance of batteries -specification
Magnetism
Absolute and relative permeability, field strength, magnetizing force, flux and flux density.
Relation between flux density and magnetizing force, B.H. curve
Force on a current carrying conductor lying in a magnetic filed - Magnetizing force of long
straight conductor, long solenoid
Magnetic circuit
Faradays laws of electromagnetic induction problems - direction of induced emf and current
(Flemings right hand rule, Lenz’s law) statically and dynamically induced e m f. Expression for
dynamically and statically induced emf. Self and mutual inductance – co-efficient of self and
mutual induction - coefficient of self and mutual induction - co efficient of coupling – problems.
Energy stored in magnetic field – problems.
A.C fundamentals
Generation of alternating voltage and current - equation of instantaneous values of voltage and
current. Simple and complex waveforms. Definition of (a) cycle (b) frequency (c) time period
(d) amplitude value (e) average value (f) R.M.S. Value (g) form factor and peak factor phase and
phase difference. Relation between f, p, n deviation of r.m.s and average value for sinusoidal
waveforms. Different forms of e.m.f equation
51
Vector representation of alternating quantities vector diagrams using r.m.s. Values. Addition and
subtraction of alternating quantities by vector method – problems. Mathematical representation
of vectors - polar form, complex form, trigonometric forms. Addition, subtraction, multiplication
& division of alternating quantities in above forms.
A.C Through resistance, inductance and capacitance - voltage, current, power, p.f impure
resistive, inductive, capacitive - circuits – problems. Series A.C circuits - AC through R and L,
R and C, R, L and C circuits – active, reactor and apparent power, Q factor. Resonance in R-L-C
circuits - problems in series circuits
Parallel A.C circuits - vectors or phase method, solving problems in R, L, C parallel
circuits - resonance in parallel circuit - Q factor
TIME SCHEDULE
I Semiconductors 15
IV Amplifiers 15
Test – II 2
Test - III 1
-------------
Total 80
=====
OBJECTIVES
UNIT - I
1.1.10. Explain the constructional details of variables resistors such as carbon and wire
wound types
1.1.11. List the applications of variable resistors
1.1.12. Explain the constructional details of capacitors such as paper, Mica, Ceramic
polyester, aluminium tantalum electrolytic capacitors gang capacitor
1.1.13. List the applications of different types of capacitors
1.1.14. Understand the properties and applications of Thermisters, Photo voltaic cell
photoconductive cell, LED LCD, LDR strain gauge.
UNIT - II
UNIT – III
UNIT-IV
4.1.0. Amplifiers
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
Carbon film resistors - wire resistors - metal film resistors - applications of above
resistors in circuits - Colour coding of resistors - basic construction - details of variables -
resistors carbon and wire wound - applications of above, tolerances-temperature
coefficient.
UNIT – II
UNIT - III
UNIT-IV
amplifiers
UNIT - IV
Oscillators and Multi vibrators
Classifications of oscillators – condition for oscillations – tuned collector – Hartely –
Colpits – RC phase shift – Wein bridge – crystal oscillators - multi vibrator circuits -
astable – monostable – Bistable – multivibrator – triggering techniques- applications -
Schmitt trigger – UTP and LTP – Hysteresis – advantages and applications
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
Test – II 2
V 5.1 Rubber, Ceramics an other Insulating Materials 15
Test - III 1
-----------
Total 80
=====
59
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT-II
2.1.0. Properties of Conducting Materials
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
4.1.1 Classify the insulating materials in different classes based on the temperature
limits
4.1.2. List the properties, shapes, industrial applications of different insulating materials
4.1.3. Describe the essential properties of transformer oil
4.1.4. Outline the method of testing and filtering of transformer oil superfying the range
of dielectric strength, break down voltage moisture content as per I. S
4.1.5. Describe the main solidifying insulating materials used in industry and their field
of applications
4.1.6. Describe the manufacturing process of insulating the wires
4.1.7. Appreciate the need of impregnation and vulcanization of insulating materials
4.1.8. Differentiate insulation materials and dielectrics
4.1.9. List the requirements of dielectrics
4.1.10. State the properties and advantages of SF6 as insulating materials
UNIT - V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Valance electrons - concept of energy level - valance band - conduction and forbidden
band -Classifications of materials as conducting - semi conducting and insulating
materials based on energy level concept.
Conducting materials
UNIT-II
UNIT – III
Magnetic materials
Magnetization of Iron - B.H curve - Hysteresis loop - Eddy current loop - Hysteresis loop
of different magnetic materials - soft and hard magnetic materials -steel - Properties of
silicon steel - percentage of silicon content - Grain oriented steel - properties and
applications.
Insulating materials
Concept of relevant electrical,mechanical and thermal properties, with regard to
resistivity - coefficient of expansion - permittivity - dielectric strength - breakdown
voltage - tensile strength - resistance to heat ,solubility - hygroscopic property - resistance
to chemical actions.
UNIT – IV
Transformer oil – properties - dielectric strength - testing transformer oil for dielectric
strength - wire for winding - types of insulation - coating materials for wires - coating of
synthetic resins - super enamel cotton silk etc.
Common solidifying insulating materials resins – Nitrocellulose- Poly vinyl Chloride
(PVC) – polyethylene - nylon - cross linked Polymer - drying oils - waxes - paraffin -
in, varnishes - properties of each and field of application - vacuum and pressure
impregnation - coating and adhering - Insulation compound -bituminous compound -
cable compounds
Examples of each class
62
UNIT - V
Other Materials
Rubber - advantages and disadvantages - areas of applications - vulcanization of rubber -
its advantages- ebonite properties and its applications
Mica – Slates - marble properties and use
Porcelain - Manufacture of porcelain materials - general properties - glazing tunnel over -
uses - pin and suspension - type of insulators - field of applications - refracting materials
Timber – paper - hard board - capacitor paper - Mica paper - leatheroid paper - Adhesive
tapes - varnished cloth – asbestos – fiber - glass properties and field of applications
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
IV Commercial Measurement 15
Test - II 2
V CRO and Transducers 15
Test - III 1
-----------
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT - II
UNIT – III
3.1.0 Study the various methods of measuring Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance
3.1.1 Study the potentiometer methods for low resistance measurement
3.1.2 Explain the importance of soldered connections in low resistance measurement
3.1.3 Explain the wheat stone’s bridge and slide wire bridge for measurement of
medium resistance measurement
3.1.4 Draw the sketch of insulation megger
3.1.5 Describe the working principle of megger
3.1.6 Explain measurement of insulation resistance using megger
3.1.7 Know the range of earth resistance at different electrical installations like major
power station, substation domestic installation
3.1.8 Understand the procedure of measurement of earth resistance by fall of potential
method
3.1.9 Measure earth resistance by 4 electrode earth tester
3.1.10 Know the methods of locating cable fault
3.1.11 Understand the method of locating faults by potential drop method
3.1.12 Understand the principle of AC bridge
3.1.13 Understand the procedure of measurement of resistance inductance and
capacitance by LCR bridge
3.1.14 Understand the weins bridge for measurement of frequency
3.1.15 Understand the Max well’s bridge for measurement of inductance
3.1.16 Understand the Schering’s bridge for measurement of capacitance
65
UNIT – IV
Commercial instruments
4.1.0 Study the various types of commercial instruments
4.1.1 Know classifications of frequency meter
4.1.2 Describe the working principle of Reed type and indicating type frequency meter
4.1.3 Understand the single phase and 3 phase dynamometer type p.f meter
4.1.4 Describe the briefly the connections of synchroscope and phase sequence
indicator
4.1.5 Understand the principle and working of analog type multimeter
4.1.6 Understand the digital multimeter
4.1.7 Know the applications of multimeter
4.1.8 Understand the digital frequency meter
4.1.9 Explain digital volt meter
4.1.10 Describe the principle and operation of maximum demand indicator
4.1.11 Understand the TOD meter
4.1.12 Understand the Digital single phase and 3 phase energy meter
4.1.13 Measure power factor using digital phase meter
4.1.14 Understand the digital watt meter
UNIT - V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – 1
Extension of range – use of shunts and multiplier problems – multi range instruments –
use of C.T and P.T clipon meters – rectifier type - clip on meters - general errors in
instruments and their remedy -identification of instruments - form dial markings
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
Measurement of R, L, C
Classifications of resistance – low, medium and high - Measurement of low resistance by
potentiometer method - measurement of medium resistance by wheat stone bridge and
slide Wire Bridge
Measurement of high resistance – insulation resistance by megger – working principle
and construction details of megger
Measurement of earth resistance by fall of potential method and 4-electrode earth tester
Localization of cable fault – measurement of R-L-C by LCR methods – potential drop
method
UNIT – IV
Commercial Instruments
Measurement of frequency – construction and working of vibrating reed type and
indicating type frequency meters (Resonant type)
Measurement of power factor – Construction & working of pf meters-single-phase and 3
phase dynamometer type – working principle and diagram synchroscope and phase
sequence indicator
Multimeter analogue and digital frequency meters – digital voltmeters- Ramp type -
integrating type - Principle of Maximum demand indicators - TOD meter - Electronic
Energy meter – single phase and 3 phase – digital phase meter – digital watt meter
UNIT – V
REFERENCE BOOKS
OBJECTIVES
TIME SCHEDULE
Test - III 1
-------------
Total 80
=====
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
UNIT-III
3.1.0. Sequential logics
3.1.1. Know the different types of shift registers
3.1.2. Study the serial parallel data transfer
3.1.3. Give a typical shift register using JK flip flop
3.1.4. Understand the operation of a Up-down counter
3.1.5. Know the JK flip flop set up as a counter with input & out put wave forms
3.1.6. Study the asynchronous counter and synchronous counter
3.1.7. Explain binary counter and BCD decade counter
3.1.8. Study decoding a counter
3.1.9. Explain analog to digital conversion ad vice versa
UNIT – IV
4.1.0. Introduction to Operational amplifies
4.1.1. Understand working of op-amp
4.1.2. Draw and explain the block diagram of general purpose opamp
4.1.3. Define electrical characteristics of op-amp
4.1.4. State the characteristics of ideal op-amp
4.1.5. Explain the op-amp circuits –inverting –non inverting ,difference , summing
amplifiers, integrator, differentiator
UNIT – V
5.1.0. Application of op-amp
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
Digital Circuits
Digital circuits – Number system - Binary – Hexadecimal conversions – BCD – Binary addition-
subtraction – multiplication and division - 1’s and 2’s compliment – usage for subtraction
Logic gates: - basic gates – symbol – equationy – truth table – AND, OR, NOT – EXOR gate
universal gate – NAND & NOR
Logic families – TTL, ECL, CMOS, - advantages & disadvantages – comparison
70
UNIT-II
Combinational circuits
UNIT – III
Sequential logic circuits
Sequential combinational logic circuits – flip flop – clocked flip flop – SR, master /slave
SR, JK master /slave JK and D flip flops
Counters – synchronous and asynchronous – BCD and decade counter
Shift registers – types – ADC and DAC.
UNIT – IV
Introduction to Operational amplifies
Block diagram of general purpose op-amp–detailed explanation of each block–
Differential amplifier–Op-amp symbol- package type- pin identifications –parameters of
op-amp – concept of virtual ground –Input offset voltage, input offset current, input bias
current, output offset voltage, CMRR, slew rate etc –Characteristics of ideal and actual
op-amp –Op-amp circuits- inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, voltage follower,
comparator, difference amplifier, summing amplifier, integrators, differentiators.
UNIT – V
Application of op-amp
Zero crossing detector, positive and negative voltage level detector – Schmitt trigger, window
detector, logarithmic amplifier, antilog amplifier, Instrumentation amplifier –Voltage to current
converter, Current to voltage converter, voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage converter,
A to D and D to A converter, Flash ADC- Half wave and full wave precision Rectifier –
Advantages
REFERENCE BOOKS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Measure the value of resister using Ohm-meter/Multimeter and compare with color code
value
2. Identification of terminals and testing of different diodes and transistor
3. Study the diode characteristics-forward and reverse.
4. Study the characteristics of zener diode.
5. Construct a half wave, full wave and Bridge rectifier circuit using semiconductor diode
(without filter) Plot the regulation characteristics. Determine percentage regulation and
ripple factor. Observe the input and output wave forms in a CRO
6. Plot the input and output characteristics for a transistor in common emitter configuration
7. Plot the input and output characteristics for a transistor in common base configuration
Determine the input resistance and current amplification factor in each case.
8. Plot the V-I characteristics for a JFET (a) Drain current /source drain voltage. (b) Drain
current/source gate voltage. Determine the drain resistance, transconductance and
amplification factor
9. Draw the characteristics of UJT. Determine intrinsic stand of ratio.
10. Plot the V-I characteristic of S.C.R Determinations of break over voltage and holding
current
11. Construct a single stage transistor amplifier using NPN or PNP transistor. Measure
voltage gain at 1 kHz. Plot the frequency response characteristics and calculate its
Bandwidth.
12. Construct a Hartley oscillator. Measure the frequency of oscillation. Observe the
waveform.
13. Construct a RC phase shift oscillator circuits. Determine frequency of oscillation.
Observe the waveform.
14. Observe and plot the wave shapes of
1. RC Differentiating Circuit
2. RC integrating circuit – using Op Amp
Observe the effect of RC time constant of the circuit on the output wave forms
15. Construct biased and unbiased series and shunt clipping of a sine wave using switching
diodes and Dc sources
16. Set up a transistor Astable Multivibrator circuit. Plot the waveforms of collector and
base. Determine its frequency of oscillation.
17. Set up a transistor Monostable Multivibrator circuit. Plot the wave forms at each collector
and base for a given trigger signal. Measure its pulse width and time period.
18. Observe the wave shapes and measure voltages of a simple single phase SCR invertor
circuit.
72
CONTENT DETAILS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
(In general, wherever it is not indicated, one period each from any three subjects in
third and fourth semesters is to be set apart for ISAP.)
Introduction
The average Engineer walking out of education institution is surprised by the amount of
non-technical work he or she faces in the real world(by the amount of personal contact,
the number of phone calls, meetings, reports and presentation etc). Further many cannot
find appropriate jobs, because of the lack of these skills. The problem aggravates in the
case of diploma pass outs who are supposed to have interactions with different cadres in
an industrial environment.
The time allotted for ISAP skills development are to be utilized to provide a slice of
practical training in a form that may be used in a class room setting. This is not to be
taught in a conventional manner. Here the emphasis will shift from teacher oriented
methods to students oriented methods. While the information – skills acquired by all
students will be same, the actual methods & techniques used by each student will vary
according to his or her initiative, enthusiasm, effort taken etc.
These hours are to be taken as a supplement to the theory classes. Students will acquire
ISAP skills based on the fundamental knowledge he/she has acquired from the theory
sessions.
Objectives
Educational researchers have found that 17 year olds, in a single academic year, learn
about 200 to 300 new words, in a university environment. However, during the same
period they acquire around 4000 words in their informal home and play environment.
That is learning is higher in an informal environment than in an academic one designed
specifically for that purpose. The primary objective here is to simulate the informal
learning environment.
Oral and written communication skills are of at most importance to any engineer for a
positive professional growth. Emphasis is given for this aspect also.
Activities
A. PART ONE.
Write articles on various technical areas and basic research papers. Students can identify
simple projects individually or groups of not more than 4 any technical area. Emphasis
here is on the acquisition of ISAP skills.
Source of Information
a. People
b. Print media – Magazines, News papers, Journals, Vendors catalogues etc.
c. Electronic information – CD ROM, Usage of internet – User news groups,
WWW.
B. PART TWO
Sample Projects
1. Prepare and deliver transparency based presentations on the topics,
a. Technicians are not properly appreciated in the society.
b. Engineers do not know about non technical topics.
c. Lay people do not know enough about technical topics.
d. India’s products are not competitive in international markets as its quality
is not good.
e. India’s software professionals are paid too much.
2. Prepare transparency based presentation for the opposite side of the issue you
choose in project 1.
3. Prepare and deliver a brief autobiographical presentation.
4. Prepare and deliver a sales promotional presentation (Example – Washing
machine, Computer , Air conditioner, Microwave oven or other items related to
your branch of study)
76
Oral Communication
Oral communication activities like,
a. Dyadic communication (Interaction between two persons, example Telephone
conversation)
b. Meetings.
c. Job interview.
d. Group Discussions.
e. Debates.
f. Case studies.
EVALUATION
There is no separate evaluation for ISAP skills. But the teachers will consider this for the
award of internal assessment marks related to the theory subjects in that semester. The
performance of the student will be taken equivalent to an Assignment and an
Examination while awarding the internal assessment marks.
-- --
77
SEMESTER IV
ISAP 3
TIME SCHEDULE
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Atmospheric pressure - gauge pressure and absolute pressure peizometer – Manometer – U tube –
Inverted U tube- Differential manometer – Pressure on plane surface immersed in liquid -
horizontal and inclined plane surface
Flow of Fluids
Types of flow – uniform flow - non-uniform flow - streamline flow – turbulent flow - steady and
unsteady flow.
81
Datum head - pressure head - velocity head – total energy of fluid in motion – Bernoulli’s
theorem - proof and limitations – practical application of Bernoulli’s theorem – pitot tube –
venturimeter description and use
UNIT - II
Major and minor losses – Loss of head at entrance - due to sudden enlargement - due to sudden
contractions - Loss of head at exit of pipe – Frictional loss in a pipe.
Chezy’s and Darcy’s formula – Hydraulic gradient and total energy line - Discharge through
parallel pipes connected to reservoir - flow through syphon pipe – Hydraulic transmission of
power – flow through nozzle at the end of the pipe line – diameter of nozzle for maximum HP -
Water Hammer and its effect (description only) – Laminar and turbulent flow – critical velocity
measurement of fluid flow using venturimeter – orifice meter and water meter
UNIT – III
I. C. Engines
UNIT – IV
Steam Boilers
Functions – classifications – fire tube and water tube – water tube boilers – Babcock and Wilcox
– modern high pressure boilers – Brief explanation with line sketches – steam turbines –
advantages over steam engine – types – working principles of impulse and reaction turbines (use
line sketches)
Speed range of working pressure - speed and capacity of different types of turbines used in
thermal power stations
UNIT – V
Water Turbines
Classifications of turbines – impulse and reaction turbines – water power - break power - overall
efficiency – Pelton wheel - description of working – Reactions turbines – working principles
inward and outward flow -Francis turbine and Kaplan turbines – speed load characteristics –
82
Regulation of water turbines – Governors - needle valves - guide vanes and deflectors – specific
speed - Choice of turbine based on specific speed.
Pumps
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
I Generation 15
Test – I 2
Test – II 2
V Distribution systems 15
Test - III 1
-----------
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.1.1 Know the different sources of energy and method of generation of energy
1.1.2 Draw and explain the general layout of Hydro electric power stations
showing Dam, Reservoir, surge tank, penstocks etc
1.1.3 Compare low head, medium head and high head hydro-electric power
stations
1.1.4 Estimate the available energy from a hydroelectric power station using
available rain fall and head of water
1.1.5 Draw the block diagram and working of gas power station
1.1.6 Draw the block diagram and layout of steam power station and explain
1.1.7 Explain the functions of main accessories in a steam power station
1.1.8 Draw the block diagram and layout of Diesel power station and explain
84
1.1.9 Specify the factors for choice of site of various power plants
1.1.10 Prepare the layout of nuclear power plant and explain the function of each
component
UNIT - II
UNIT - III
3.1.1. State clearly the effect of voltage on the design of transmission line
3.1.2. Obtain the most economical transmission voltage
3.1.3. Appreciate the advantage of DC transmission system
3.1.4. Understand the various transmissions line constants R, L and C.
3.1.5. Define skin effect
3.1.6. State the formula finding capacitance and inductance of round and parallel
conductors, single phase and three phase symmetrical and transposed
spacing
3.1.7. State the necessity of transposition of conductors in overhead transmission
lines
3.1.8. Solve simple problems related to line constants
3.1.9. Classify the transmission lines based on length of transmission as short,
medium and long transmission lines
85
UNIT - IV
4.1.0 Understand the various types of cables & sag in transmission lines
UNIT - V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
UNIT - II
Economics of Power
cost of generation– fixed and running cost – interest –depreciation - total annual cost
Maximum demand - average demand and load factor (daily and annual) - diversity factor
of generation - effect of load factor and diversity factor on cost of generation – total
generating cost per kWh-problems
Tariff - types of tariff - problems
Power Factor improvement – necessity of determination of KVAR - rating of capacitors
for the power factor improvement for 1 and 3 phase loads – Problems
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
UNIT - V
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
Test - I 2
IV Performance of DC motors 15
Test – II 2
Test - III 1
------------
Total 80
======
89
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
UNIT - V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Basic concepts of rotating electrical machines
Basic electro magnetic laws-EMF generation in a rotating electrical machine-
Physical concepts of production of torque-Elementary concepts of electrical machines-
Common features of rotating electrical machines-Types of rotating electrical machines-
MMF and Flux distribution in DC and AC machine-Voltages in DC and AC machines-
Torque balance-Power losses and efficiemcy-Methods of Ventillation and cooling of
machines.
91
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
Motor principle – back emf - Voltage equation of a motor - torque equation – problems -
Types of motor shunt, series and compound motors - Motor characteristics –
torque/armature current - speed/armature current - speed /torque for D.C shunt series and
compound motors - derive the equation of compound motors
Factors controlling motor speed – field control and armature control - methods of shunt -
Series and compound motors
Starting of D.C. motors – necessity of starters – Types of starters-two point- three point
and four point starters
UNIT – V
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
I. Microcontroller architecture 15
Test – II 2
V Micro Controller applications 15
Test – III 1
---------
Total 80
=====
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
UNIT IV
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I:
UNIT – II:
UNIT – III:
UNIT IV:
UNIT – V:
REFERENCE BOOKS
TOPICS
..
97
CONTENT DETAILS
1. Study of DC machines
2. Identification of DC Machines from name plate
3. Study of DC motor starters
4. Measure the armature & field resistance of DC machines
5. Draw the O.C C of D.C shunt generator at rated speed. Determination of critical field
resistance and maximum EMF induced on open circuit at rated speed. Derivation of
O.C.C and critical field resistance at different speeds
6. Draw the O.C.C of separately excited generator, and to determine the critical field
resistance at rated speed
7. Plot the external characteristics of D.C series generator
8. Draw the external and internal characteristic of D.C shunt generator
9. Draw the external characteristics of D.C compound generator
(a) Cumulative field connections
(b) Different field connections
10. Conduct Load test on dc shunt motor
11. Perform Load test on dc series motor
12. Conduct Load test on dc compound motor
13. No. load test ( swinburne’s Test) on a D.C shunt motor and pre-determine the
efficiency of the machine under the following working conditions
(a) Machine working as a generator delivering a specified kW output
(b) Machine working as a motor delivering specified kW out put
14. Perform Load Text on Motor generator set &Determination of over all efficiency of
the set
15. Draw the speed control characteristics (speed Vs %F.L characteristics) of a D.C shunt
motor on load with constant field circuit resistance and variable values of armature
circuit resistance (Arm. control)
16. Plot the speed control characteristics of D.C shunt motor (field control)
98
CONTENT DETAILS
1. Familiarization of 8051 Micro controller Kit and writing and executing a sample program
Programs for the following in the kit and test
2. Multiplication of two numbers
3. Finding the maximum value in an array
4. Ascending order / Descending order.
5. BCD to Hex conversion
6. Hex to BCD conversion
7. Binary to ASCII
8. ASCII to Binary
9. Program using I/Os in port 1
10. Counter using timer
11. Program using interrupt
Interfacing with application boards
SEMESTER V
Project*/Seminar 2 2
TIME SCHEDULE
I Transformer Principles
15
II Testing of transformers 15
Test - I 2
III Special purpose Transformers. 15
Test – II 2
V Speed Control of Induction Motor 15
Test - III 2
------------
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT - I
1.1.12. Draw the vector diagram under load condition, under different power factor
1.1.13. Understand the equivalent impedance resistance and reactance referred to primary and
secondary
1.1.14. Solve the problems on e.m.f equations and equivalent impedance reactance and resistance
1.1.15. Identify the losses in a transformers
1.1.16. Draw and analyze approximate equivalent circuit
1.1.17. Derive an expression for the approximate voltage drop
1.1.18. Define voltage regulation
1.1.19. Define percentage resistance, reactance and impedance drop
1.1.20. Compute the percentage regulation of given load condition and transformer parameter
1.1.21. Define per unit values of resistance reactance and impedance
1.1.22. Enumerate the losses
1.1.23. Obtain the condition of maximum efficiency and determine the corresponding load
UNIT - II
UNIT - IV
UNIT - V
5.1.0. Understand the Circle diagram, Starting and Speed Control of Induction Motor
5.1.1. Study to construct circle diagram by conducting no load test and blocked rotor test.
5.1.2. Interpret the performance of 3-phase induction motor from circles diagram.
5.1.3. Develop performance characteristics from circle diagram
5.1.4. Measurement of slip
5.1.5. Study the necessity of starters
5.1.6. List out the various methods of starting and induction motor
5.1.7. Explain each method with the help of circuit diagram
5.1.8. Compare the starting Torque with full load torque from each method
5.1.9. Understand the need of Speed control
103
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Transformer Principles.
Principle – advantages - construction and classification - core- shell, radial types - core materials
– grain oriented silicon steel - insulation - different types of insulation - construction of single
phase transformer- three phase transformer - explosion vent - breather - conservator tank etc. -
emf equation - transformation ratio - step up and step down transformers
Transformer on no load - Vector diagram - component of no load current - no load parameters
and no load losses - Transformer on load - difference between leakage flux and mutual flux -
Primary and secondary leakage reactance - transformer constants on load.
Vector diagram of transfomer on load with different power factors - equivalent impedance as
referred to primary and secondary.
Simple problems on determination of primary current losses - secondary current and efficiency
based on approximate equivalent circuit - determination of approximate voltage drop – exact
voltage drop – equivalent circuit
Voltage regulation- definition – percentage – regulation - percentage impedance - permit values
of resistance - reactance and impedance - Problems - losses and efficiency - condition of
maximum efficiency - KVA output at maximum efficiency - Problems
UNIT – II
Testing of Transformers
Polarity tests - Ratio tests - open circuit test - short circuit test - load test on single-phase
transformer as BIS code of practice - Determination of transformer – parameters such as
percentage resistance, percentage reactance and percentage impedance - Predetermination of
efficiency and regulation at various loads and power factors
Three phase transformer- connection - methods of connection - vector group - specific areas of
applications - Open delta connection - Distinction between power transformer and distribution
transformer - tertiary winding and its use- Define the term al day efficiency and compute All day
efficiency from given data with reference to distribution transformer-problems.
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
Principles of Induction Motor
Three phase induction motor - Principle of operation - production of rotating magnetic filed in a
three-phase induction motor – speed of rotating magnetic field
Constructional details of squirrel cage and phase wound motors TEFC/Flame proof - construction
of Induction motors – skewing of rotor conductors in squirrel cage motor – advantages
Slip and frequency of rotor currents - Relation between rotor emf and stator emf - Resistance and
reactance of rotor - Stand still rotor reactance - Rotor power factor
Analogy between Induction Motor and transformer- exact and approximate equivalent circuit -
Relationship between rotor input, rotor, copper loss and rotor output power transfer form stator to
rotor-Problems
Torque equation of induction motor – relationship between torque and rotor resistance - Torque
slip characteristics – torque in synchronous watts and Newton meters - Relation of full load
torque to stand still torque - Effect of voltage on Induction motor operation - maximum torque
and condition for maximum torque-power flow diagram-losses & efficiency-problems
UNIT - V
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
II Circuit breakers 15
Test - I 2
IV Protection 15
Test - II 2
V Earthing&Lightning arresters 15
Test – III 1
Total 80
OBJECTIVES
UNIT - I
1.1.0 Understand Short Circuit Current Calculations, Sources of Short Circuit, Fuses
UNIT - II
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
4.1.0. PROTECTON
UNIT - V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
Circuit breakers
Circuit breakers – functions – fault clearing process - trip circuit – classification based on arc
quenching process – high resistance and current zero - arc extinguish - idea of arc voltage -
recovery voltage – restriking voltage - current chopping - switching – principles and applications
Oil circuit breakers – working principle – classification of circuit breakers Air blast – circuit
breaker – advantages – principles with simple sketches – vacuum circuit breaker - principles with
simple sketches – air circuit breaker –SF6 circuit breakers-circuit breaker advantages – working
with simple sketch - Selections and specification of circuit breakers - circuit breaker ratings -
108
breaking capacity and making capacity - short time current rating and rated voltage normal
current rating-testing of circuit breakers
UNIT – III
Relays
Protective relays- importance of protective relays – primary and back up protection - properties of
relays – Inverse time definite minimum time properties - Current setting time - setting and
tripping time - Classification of relays - electromagnetic relays - induction relays - Construction
and working of attracted armature type electromagnetic relay - directional and non- directional -
induction over current relays - Static relays- functional circuits - brief description with block
diagram - Electronic time delay – relay using transistors- microprossesor based digital relays
UNIT - IV
Protection
Protection of alternators – differential protection against internal faults - Principle and schematic
diagram and working - Protection against loss of excitation –over load ,over voltage,overspeed
protection- motoring-rotor fault protection-vibration, bearing protection-back up protection-
Principle and necessity of field suppression.-Protection of ac motors.
Protection of transformers – differential protection – schematic diagram - working - current
transformer connections in star and delta – safety devices of the transformers - Buchholz relay –
brief description and working
Bus bar protection-arrangement-bus-zone fault-back up protection-differential over current
protection
Protection of transmission lines – over current,overload and earth fault-time graded –current
graded-pilot wires protection-protection of radial and ring system by graded time lag protection -
Protection of parallel feeders
UNIT-V
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
Test - I 2
Test - II 2
IV Control systems 15
Test - III 2
----------
Total 80
=====
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.1.0. Power control devices
1.1.1. Study the symbols operation of diac, triac and IGBT
1.1.2. Study constructional feature of thyristor
1.1.3. Understand its transistor analogy
1.1.4. Study the characteristics
1.1.5. Understand the terms, holding current, latching current gate, triggering current,
turn on time and turn off time
1.1.6. Study different methods of turning on of SCR resistance triggering, voltage
triggering, dv/dt triggering and gate triggering
1.1.7. Study natural commutation, forced commutation and gate turn off method to turn
off SCR
1.1.8. Study phase control with wave forms in half and full wave control circuit
1.1.9. Study the single phase half wave, full wave and bridge converters
1.1.10. Study 3 phase bridge connector operation
110
UNIT – II
UNIT – III
UNIT-V
5.1.9 Study buck converter (step down) and boost – converter (Stop up)
5.1.10 Study operation of buck boost converter (regulator) and compare them
5.1.11 Study the basic of timer circuit
5.1.12 Know about the 555 IC timer
5.1.13 Study the working of 555 timer in monostable mode and a-stable mode
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
Power Devices
UNIT - II
Inverters: - Requirements of practical inverters - single phase series inverter – parallel inverters -
three phase inverter – circuit and their operations
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
Control systems
Laplace transforms-first and second order.
–Basic control system – open loop closed loop systems servo mechanism – positioning servo
system using synchros – synchronous control system for remote application - phase locked loop
(PLL) - control of a DC motor – applications
112
UNIT - V
Regulation – simple regulator circuit using zener – regulators using 78 xx and 79 xx IC’s – Series
voltage – shunt voltage regulators – op amp regulator LM 317 – A.C voltage stabilizer – step type
and servo stabilizer for a.c – switching mode power supply – UPS – Integrated circuit power
supply – Timer- basic principle - working of 555 timer
REFERENCE
TIME SCHEDULE
I Domestic wiring 15
II Design of Illumination Scheme and Flood Lighting 15
Test - I 2
III Industrial Wiring and Estimation 15
IV Estimation of Low Tension and Line Extensions 15
Test - II 2
V Estimation of Sub-station 15
Test - III 1
-----------
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
2.1.1 Define terms – illumination flux, luminous intensity, illumination luminous, and
their unit
2.1.2 Study laws of illumination
2.1.3 Study various lighting schemes – Direct, indirect, semi direct and semi indirect.
2.1.4 Understand illumination levels required at various places as per I.S.
2.1.5 Study terms used for design of lighting schemes - Space to Height ratio,
Depreciation Factor, Maintenance Factor and Utilization Factor
2.1.6 Study different methods of lighting calculation watt per square meter method and
lumen method
2.1.7 Determine no. of lamps required to illuminate various types rooms, halls etc and
draw the lighting arrangements
2.1.8 Explain the principles of diagram of sodium (high pressure and low pressure)
vapor lamps
2.1.9 Draw the diagram of Mercury vapor lamp, neon lamp and fluorescent lamps
2.1.10 Study the working and applications of each
2.1.11 Design and estimate for lighting schemes in various places
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
4.1.5 Prepare estimate and cost of materials for extending an existing 11 kV Overhead
line
UNIT – V
5.1.0 Estimation of Substations
5.1.1. Study various components of pole materials and substation and their costs
5.1.2. Study IE rules regarding spacing clearance etc
5.1.3.Prepare the estimate and cost of the materials for erecting a 2 pole mounted distribution
substation
5.1.4. Prepare the estimate and cost of the materials for a 4 pole mounted substation
5.1.5. Prepare the estimate and cost of the materials for a plinth mounted substation
5.1.6. Design an electric installation scheme and draw the electrical schematic diagram, for the
given connected loads, of a factory, with suitable transformer and standby generator .
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT - I
Domestic Wiring
UNIT - II
Define terms used in illumination – laws of illumination - various lighting schemes – illumination
levels for various places – Space Height ratio – Utilization Factor - Depreciation Factor,
Maintenance Factor – Design of lighting schemes for various rooms – arrangement of lamps –
design of flood lighting scheme
Types of lamps – incandescent lamps --Gas filled lamps – advantages over vacuum lamps – types
of gases used – Arc lamps – principle and uses - Halogen lamps – CFL working and uses -
Discharge lamps –sodium lamps – Mercury vapor lamps (High pressure and low pressure types)
Neon lamps – Fluorescent lamps and the field of application of each
Design and estimate for lighting schemes in various places
UNIT - III
UNIT - IV
Overhead Lines
Extension of Overhead lines – Prepare estimate and cost for extending single phase Low tension
distribution lines – 3 phase distribution lines – street lighting using O.H lines – U.G cables –
Estimate and costing of 11 KV O.H line extension.
UNIT - V
Estimation of Substations
Estimation of sub station – IE rules regarding spacing of conductor - distance from building etc –
materials used for erecting 11 KV substation – Preparation of the distribution sub station – 4 pole
mounted sub station – plinth mounted sub stations
Define installation scheme for a large industry - Prepare Schematic diagram for a given load
Design of ratings of back-up fuse, ACBS, MCCB, bus bar, cables, capacitor banks, generator,
change over mechanism, transformer etc as per rules
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
I Basic commands 6
I Substation Layouts 12
Test 1
II DC Machine Windings 12
Test 1
III D.C Machines 15
Test 1
----------
Total 48
=====
CONTENT DETAILS
1. Assumed half sectional views of DC machines (Both end view & Elevation)
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. An introduction to Auto CAD -Dayanithi(NITTTR)
2. Auto CAD -S.Vishal
3. Electrical Drawing - P.O.Kuttappan
4. Electrical drawing - Dargon
5. Electrical Design & Drawings - Surjit Singh
119
Experiments:
1. Study of Power devices – power BJT, SCR, power MOSFET, IGBT etc.
2. Characteristics of SCR and Triac
3. Characteristics of power MOSFET
4. Triggering circuits for SCRs – R, RC and UJT triggering
5. Single phase fully controlled SCR bridge circuit – R load, RL load – effect of free
wheeling diode.
6. Triggering circuits for SCR chopper
7. Triac triggering
8. Speed control DC motor using SCR
9. Study of V/F control of induction motor.
10. AC controller using Triac
11. Study of UPS
12. Study of SMPS.
PLC Programming
13 Study of PLC
14. Writing Direct On Line (DOL) starter program, compile it, download it to the PLC and
executing the program by giving physical inputs
15 Stair case light
16 Star-delta starter for 3 phase induction motor
17 Starting of two speed, 3 phase motor using pole change method
18 Starting of 3 phase slip ring motor – step by step switching of resistance connected in rotor
circuit
19 Dynamic or DC, injection braking circuit for squirrel cage 3 phase induction motor
20 Plugging or reverse current braking of 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor
21. Counting pulses from a source and check for the pre determined value
22. Writing sample programs using jump
23. Writing sample programs using subroutine
24. Water level controller
25. Traffic light control
26. Conveyor control
27. Lift control
120
TOPICS
1 Troubleshooting of fan
2 Trouble shooting of grinder
3 Trouble shooting of electric ion
4 Trouble shooting of mixie
5 Trouble shooting of refrigerator
6 Trouble shooting of washing machine
7 Trouble shoot the AC & DC motors
8 Trouble shoot the different types of starters
9 Trouble shoot the transformers
10 Trouble shoot the UPS
11 Overhauling of DC Machines
12 Overhauling of AC Machines
13 Rewinding of Fan motors, mixie etc.
14 Trouble shoot transformers, starters etc.
15 Panel board wiring
16 Armature testing using growler
121
SEMESTER VI
Utilization of Electrical
EE602 5 1 6 75 25 100
Power
Renewable sources of
EE603 5 5 75 25 100
energy
Project & 4 4 50 25
100
EE606
Seminar* 2 2 25
TIME SHEDULE
Test – I 2
Test – II 2
Test – III 1
----------
Total 80
=====
123
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
UNIT – II
2.2.0 Understand the elements of ISO 9000, its Installation and audit
2.2.1 Describe the concept and role of ISO 9000
2.2.2 List the elements of ISO 9000
2.2.3 List the steps for installing quality system
2.2.4 Explain different ways of quality audit
2.2.5 Identify the agencies who give ISO certification
2.2.6 Discuss the role of accreditation board
2.2.7 Explain various stages of ISO 9000 implementation
2.2.8 Describe briefly the benefits of becoming an ISO 9000 company
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
5.2.0 Formulate the feasible project report to start a small scale industry
5.2.1 Explain the concept of entrepreneurship
5.2.2 Describe the profile of an entrepreneur
5.2.3 List the functions of an entrepreneur
5.2.4 List the risk taking qualities of an entrepreneur
5.2.5 Explain the concept of entrepreneurial development
5.2.6 List the different factors
contributing to the failure of entrepreneurial ventures
5.2.7 Identify industrial support needed programs existing in India
5.2.8 State the concept of small scale and ancillary industrial undertaking
5.2.9 List the steps involved in starting small-scale industry
5.2.10 Describe the procedure of registration of SSI
5.2.11 Identify the net work of financial assistances given to SSI
5.2.12 Identify the different constituents of feasibility study
5.2.13 Prepare the feasibility report / project report
5.4.0 Recognize the causes of environmental pollution and steps to be taken to control
the pollution
5.4.1 Define the terms Ecology and Ecosystem
5.4.2 Explain the impact of industrial development on environment
5.4.3 Explain the causes and
effects of air and water pollution on plant, animal life and materials
5.4.4 Identify the characteristics of industrial and municipal waste
5.4.5 Outline the various treatment processes
5.4.6 Identify the sources of air pollutants
5.4.7 State the effects of air pollution
5.4.8 Outline the methods of prevention and control of air pollution
127
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – 1
1. Principles of management
Introduction – meaning of management: - Management as an art of getting things done,
management as a process, management as an activity
UNIT - II
UNIT – III
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
1. Industrial Psychology
Meaning, importance of good working conditions and environment: - physical working
conditions, psychological working conditions, working conditions related to time, related
to social situation. Behavioural dynamics: - self concept and self understanding, inter
personal needs, developing interpersonal relationship: - framing fint impression,
developing mutual expectations, hounouring psychological contracts, developing trust &
influence, projecting positive qualities and hiding negative points – developing better
behaviour and qualities a TQM approach: - conducting ‘SWOT’ analysis for self
understanding, prepare incremental projects to reduce weakness and threats - mission
statement
3. Industrial Safety
Define Accident, Frequency rate, severity rate, and accident proneness.
List the causes of accidents: - Mechanical, Environmental, personnel factors accident
prevention techniques – 4 E’S of Accident prevention technique
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
I Synchronous Generator 15
Test – I 2
Test-II 2
V FHP Motors 15
Test - III 1
----------
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.1.0. Know the Working of Synchronous Generator
1.1.1. Understand the constructional details of synchronous generator.
1.1.2. Name the materials used for various parts.
1.1.3. State the merits and demerits of salient pole and non-salient pole type of rotor
1.1.4. Sketch various parts of synchronous generator.
1.1.5. Understand various methods of excitation
1.1.6. Know the classification of 3 phase windings, winding terminology
133
1.1.7. Define chording factor and distribution factor and derive equations for the same.
1.1.8. Derive the e.m.f equation for alternator
1.1.9. Effects of harmonics on pitch and distribution factor
1.1.10. Solve problems and compute generated e.m.f.
UNIT – II
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT-I
Synchronous Generator
Synchronous generator - Principles of a.c generator – single phase and three phase -
Constructional details of salient pole and turbo generators with sketches - Relationship between
speed, frequency and number of poles.
Methods of exciting the field - main and pilot exciter - static excitations
Armature windings - single layer and double layer types - Full pitched and short pitched
windings - fractional Slot windings – pitch factor and distribution factor
Methods of obtaining sinusoidal waveform in generators - EMF equation on an A.C generator –
Problems
UNIT – II
Characteristics and parallel operation of Alternator
Armature reaction
Resistance and leakage reactance – Armature reactions under leading - lagging and unity power
factor loads - Synchronous reactance and synchronous impedance - Vector diagram of alternator
on load at lagging, leading and unity power factors.
Voltage regulation- definition - determination of regulation by EMF, MMF and ZPF methods -
Problems
Synchronizing of alternator to infinite bus bar conditions dark lamp - bright lamp and
synchroscope methods - Active and reactive power output - Effects of excitation - Effect of
variation of prime mover – input, output sharing –Power sharing- Problems- Cooling of
alternators
135
UNIT III
SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS
3 Phase synchronous motor – Principle of operation –Effect of excitation of armature current and
power factor - Power developed by a synchronous motor – Torques of synchronous motors-V
curves and inverted V curves - Synchronous condenser – use of synchronous motor – field of
applications- methods of starting- hunting – prevention of hunting by damper windings –related
problems.
UNIT –IV
Single phase induction motors: - Principle of operation - Revolving double field theory –
split phase-equivalent circuit-torque equation- Torque-Speed characteristics of single
phase induction motors- shaded pole – repulsion – start - capacitor start - capacitor run
motor –series motor-universal motor- field of application of each type.
UNIT – V
F.H.P Motors
REFERENCE BOOKS
TIME SCHEDULE
I Electric heating 15
II Welding 15
Test – I 2
Test - II 2
V Electrical Braking 15
Test - III 1
Total 80
======
OBJECTIVES
UNIT – I
1.1.11. Explain the principle of operations of induction furnaces with sketches (low and high
frequency, core type and core less types)
1.1.12. List the industrial applications of core type, core less type and high frequency type
furnaces
1.1.13. Explain the principle of dielectric heating
1.1.14. List the industrial applications of the dielectric heating
1.1.15. Solve simple numerical examples under given conditions
UNIT - II
UNIT - III
UNIT – IV
UNIT – V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT – I
Electric Heating
Electrical heating and welding – advantages and types of electric heating - properties of resistance
heating materials - design of heating element – simple problems. Resistance ovens- Methods of
temperature controls.
Induction heating - principle – factors affecting induction heating- induction furnace- core type
and core less type - high frequency eddy current heating- dielectric heating - equivalent circuit -
139
loss angle application of dielectric heating - Arc furnace – direct and indirect types – equivalent
circuit.-problems
UNIT – II
Electric Welding
Electric welding – types – resistance welding-spot welding- pre welding, seam welding and butt-
welding - Electric arc welding – electrical properties of negative resistance – Types of arc
welding – requirements of welding generators and transformers - Use of reactor for control of
welding current - Third brush and Bipolar welding generator – description-problems.
UNIT – III
Electrolysis – Faraday’s laws of Electro types – problems – applications – extraction of Zinc and
Aluminum – Refining metals – Electroplating anodizing.-problems.
Mechanical features of electronic motor – frame size - relation between speed and frame size –
types of enclosures
Electric drives – classification of electric drives - group, individual and multi motor drives -
Matching the drive with load - Basic classes of duty- continuous - short time - intermittent
period’s duty
Selection of electric drives – steel mills, paper mills, cement mills, diagrams
UNIT - IV
Electric traction - system of electric traction - Direct electric traction - diesel electric traction -
Merits and demerits
Speed time curves for train movement – Simplified speed time curves - specific energy output on
level track - factors affecting specific energy consumption - Simple problems.
UNIT-V
Electrical braking
Traction motors - D.C. and A.C. motors – properties and characteristics - control of DC motors –
Series parallel control systems of electric traction - D.C. single and three phase systems of supply
- brief description.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1 A Text Book of Electrical Technology, Vol. III – B.L. Theraja
2. Principles of Power System - V.K. Mehta
3. Utilisation of Electrical Energy - N.V.Surya Narayana
4.Electrical Power - Uppal
140
TIME SCHEDULE
Test I 2
Test II 2
Test III 1
Total 75
OBJECTIVES
UNIT I
UNIT II
UNIT III
UNIT IV
UNIT V
CONTENT DETAILS
UNIT I
Renewable and non-renewable sources of energy
Brief review of conventional sources of energy -Brief review of non conventional sources of
energy like solar, wind, ocean, geo thermal, biomass, chemical etc -Green house effect and
global warming-Description of solar thermal devices like furnaces cookers, stills water
heater, refrigerators etc-Solar thermal power storage
Generation of electric power from MHD Generator
UNIT II
Solar energy
Description of photovoltaic effect-shematic view of PV Cells-Electric characteristic of
photovoltaic cells-equivalent circuit of solar cell-Instruments for measurements for solar
radiations pyrheliometer and pyranometer-Basic PV System for power generation-
Applications of Solar energy devices-Advantages & disadvantages of PV.
Wind energy
Wind energy basics-Classifications-Wind energy turbines (horizontal axis and vertical axis
type)-Brief idea of conversion of wind energy to electrical energy- Power and energy from
wind turbines-Applications of Wind energy devices- site selection-block diagram of wind
energy system
UNIT III
Tidal, Ocean thermal & Biomass
Concepts of ocean energy-Concepts of wave energy-methods(open and closed cycles)-hybrid
cycles-physical principles-Wave energy technology- fixed devices and floating devices-
Concepts of ocean thermal energy conversion-Understand the methods of power generation-
Concepts of Tidal power-Study the basic principles of power generation
Concepts of extracting energy from biomass-Study the methods of biogas generation-Study
the classification of biogas plants-Study the various applications of biogas plants(brief study
only)
UNIT IV
UNIT V
Energy management and Audit
General principles -Energy management opportunities with lighting systems
Energy management opportunities with motors-Energy management opportunities with
electric heating-Energy management opportunities with electrolysis-Load analysis
Basic concepts of energy audit-Case study
References:
REFERENCE BOOKS
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Perform the polarity test and turns ratio test on a Single Phase Transformer
2. Study the measurement of armature resistance and determination of polarities of three
Phase armature windings.
3. Perform OC and SC Tests on Single Phase Transformer. Determine voltage regulation and
efficiency at various loads and power factors. Determine equivalent circuit and
maximum efficiency.
4. Conduct Load test on single phase transformer – Determine Efficiency and regulation.
5. Study the connection of single-phase transformers to form three phase banks in various
combinations of Star and delta connections and understand the precautions
6. Perform Open circuit and short circuit characteristics of an alternator and to determine the
voltage regulation by EMF method (Synchronous impedance method).
7. Conduct OC and SC test of an alternator and determine the voltage regulation by MMF
method.
8. Draw Zero power factor load characteristic and determine voltage regulation by potier
method
9. Perform Load test on alternator and determine efficiency and regulation.
10. Synchronize 3 Phase alternator with infinite bus bars by lamp method.
11. Conduct No load test on induction motor and separation of no load losses
12. Conduct No load and blocked rotor test and plot circle diagram and determine the
performance characteristics like slip, efficiency, torque and p.f. at various loads.
Determine the maximum output and maximum torque and equivalent circuit.
13. Conduct Load test on induction motor and determine the slip and efficiency.
14. Measure the slip of an induction motor using tachometer, galvanometer (Centre Zero
ammeter) and stroboscope.
15. Draw the V – curves of synchronous motor on load and no load inverted ‘V’ – curves.
16. Perform Load test on synchronous motor- and determine the efficiency.
146
CONTENT DETAILS
Some of the suggested topics are given below. The students in a batch of 3 or 4 can choose a
topic and do the project depending upon the size or the volume of the topic. Each student has to
submit the Project Report individually and attend the viva –voce individually. Each batch should
submit a copy of the Project and Seminar Report to the Head of Section
Projects regarding
1. Rewinding of motors
2. Design and fabrication of transformers
3. Starters – Electronic and contactor type
4. S.C.R drives for ac and dc motors
5. S.C.R power control
6. Welding transformers
7. Spot welding machine
8. Electronic Energy meter
9. Electronic watt meter
10. Projects using Micro processors
11. Projects using Micro controllers
12. Projects using PLC
13. Working models of non conventional energy devices
14. Case study on energy management and auditing
15. Estimation of industrial electrification & rural schemes
16. Robotic and automated devices
SEMINAR
25 marks will be allotted as internal evaluation mark for seminar. Each student is
expected to make a presentation for a minimum of 30 minute in the class on a topic
related to the production/maintenance/renewable energy or on advanced topic in
Electrical /Electronics/Computer related subjects