THE EFFECTS OF PLASTIC POISONING IN THE MARINE LIFE

OF PASIG RIVER



A Thesis Proposal Presented
To the Department of Science
Jesus Reigns Christian Academy
Malate, Manila


n Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for
4
TH
Year High School


Charles Allan D. Juan
V-Ambassadors
2011

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Chapter 1

Why did the researcher choose "PIastic Poisoning in Pasig River?
-Because he noticed that many fishes in Pasig River died of eating of plastics. t's polymers of
high molecular mass, and may contain other substances to improve performance and/or reduce costs.
t's mostly made from polymer that it takes a thousand of years to decompose, and it will not digest,
so it's dangerous if you eat it. t's made to reduce cost because it can mold easily when heated and
retains its shape when cooled, but have dangerous effects in the lives of everyone. From the factories
to garbage can, it releases toxic pollutants that contribute to global warming. f you plan to burn
plastics, don't continue it because the gases released from burning it is poisonous and the organism
that can smell it will slowly die. t's dangerous compared to the metals, both of them are useful but the
metals are not dangerous and the melting point of plastic is ranging from 70C to 120C but the
melting point of metal is ranging from 1000C to 5000C. Plastics are cheaper than metals, cheaper
but dangerous, expensive but safe, that's the difference between the molding materials. But the mass
of metals are heavier than plastics. n history, the first human-made plastic is made from cellulose
that is safer from now but expensive to produce. The 90% of waste in Pasig River is composed of
plastics, so the Pasig River is smelly, and the main causes of deaths of marine lives in Pasig River
are by ingesting plastics. f you throw one plastic bag in Pasig River, one piece is equivalent to ten to
hundreds of lives gone, so the main solution in this problem is discipline. Plastics are durable
and degrade very slowly; the molecular bonds that make plastic so durable make it equally resistant
to natural processes of degradation. Since the 1950s, one billion tons of plastic have been discarded
and may persist for hundreds or even thousands of years. n some cases, burning plastic can
release toxic fumes. Burning the plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) may create dioxin. Also, the
manufacturing of plastics often creates large quantities of chemical pollutants. Unfortunately,
recycling of plastics has proven to be a difficult process. The biggest problem is that it is difficult to
automate the sorting of plastic wastes, making it labor intensive. While containers are usually made

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from a single type and color of plastic, making them relatively easy to be sorted, a consumer product
like a cellular phone may have many small parts consisting of over a dozen different types and colors
of plastics. n such cases, the resources it would take to separate the plastics far exceed their value
and the item is discarded. That's the reason why he chooses that topic.
General Problem in the Pasig River
-He stated that the 90% of wastes in Pasig River is composed of plastic bags, so there's
plastic poisoning in Pasig River. Because of its insolubility in water, it can't be dissolve, so it threatens
the lives in that area. Many countries like Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, etc., had their rivers clogged
with these plastic bags. And because of its tight molecular bond, it resists the natural degradation so
it can be in its form of ranging from hundred years to thousand years. And the people have no
discipline, so the Pasig River is poisoned with these plastic bags.
Advantages of Studying "PIastic Poisoning in Pasig River
-To know what plastic poisoning can make in the marine lives.
t can make the people be conscious in the effects of it in the marine lives. The brain of the
fishes can only store their habitat and their sons and daughters. They can only identify the
underwater things, so they thought that the plastic is their food, so sometimes they accidentally
swallow the plastic. Plastics can't dissolve in your stomach so it will contribute to the blockage of their
rectum. t has a tendency to block all of their bowels so they will have a tendency to die. Because of
these effects of plastics in the marine lives, the government makes a law regarding of this. The law
that they made is the using of paper bags instead of plastics in buying goods in the market. Many
markets now selling grocery bags that is eco-friendly to solve the problems regarding of plastic
poisoning in Pasig River.
-To know the molecular structure of modern plastics.

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Many people don't know the structure of plastics so they thought that if they throw it in the
water, it will decompose so there're many plastics in the river. Plastics have tight bondage of
molecules that it can resist the natural process of degradation. t can't harm them by not doing
anything on it; it can only harm them if they eat it.
To know the toxicity of modern plastics.
Due to their insolubility in water and relative chemical inertness, pure plastics generally have
low toxicity in their finished state, and will pass through the digestive system with no ill effect (other
than mechanical damage or obstruction). However, plastics often contain a variety of toxic additives.
For example, plasticizers like adipates and phthalates are often added to brittle plastics like polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) to make them pliable enough for use in food packaging, toys and teethers, tubing,
shower curtains and other items. Traces of these chemicals can leach out of the plastic when it
comes into contact with food. Out of these concerns, the European Union has banned the use
of DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate), the most widely used plasticizer in PVC. Some compounds
leaching from polystyrene food containers have been found to interfere with hormone functions and
are suspected human carcinogens.
Scopes and Limitations of this study
t involves the human, the plastic structures and the environment of Pasig River. The human
race is responsible for all of these cases involving the Plastic Poisoning of Pasig River. They might
not notice it but it's the reality. They only believe in the superstitious of the elderly so they don't know
the reality. n poverty or in riches, they still contribute to the Plastic Poisoning of Pasig River. They
have the same percentage also in terms of garbage throwing. The plastic also has an ill effect in the
marine lives of Pasig River. Due to its insolubility, it may damage the stomach of the fishes. And due
to the Pasig River is in the heart of the city, some company will throw their plastics in the river. And
due to many populations, there are many consumers of plastics.

Chapter 2
The toiIs and triumphs of the Sagip Pasig Movement
By Perry GiI S. MaIIari Reporter

Save for a simple website, there is a dearth of publicity announcing the works of the Sagip Pasig
Movement (SPM). The SPM is a nongovernment organization founded in 1993 through the efforts of
then First Lady Ming Ramos and various NGOs committed to saving the Pasig River. t was formally
incorporated in 1997. Despite setbacks it experienced through the years such as lawsuits and
lack of funding, the SPM refused to give up the fight of saving and rehabilitating the historic Pasig
River. Today, similar NGOs are benefiting from the pioneering works of the SPM foremost among
them is the community-based river rehabilitation scheme. n an interview with the Sunday Times
Magazine, SPM Executive Director Myrna Jimenez reveals the organization's past struggles,
accomplishments_and_future_direction.

The_poisoning_of_Pasig_River

The Pasig River is now biologically dead. Decades of incessant dumping of both industrial and
domestic waste along its length have killed it. Jimenez says that based on a scientific study
conducted by the Danish nternational Development Assistance (DANDA) in cooperation with the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the waste that is continually being
pumped into the Pasig River is divided into three categories; 45 percent is industrial pollution, another
45 percent is liquid domestic waste and the remaining 10 percent is solid waste. She pointed out that
based on that study it was proven that it was not the communities along the riverbanks that were the
main culprit in polluting the Pasig River.

Jimenez explains that an inadequate sewerage facility is the main reason why liquid domestic waste
continues to find its way to the Pasig River. She estimated that around 20 percent of the liquid waste
comes from communities situated on the riverbanks but the rest comes from various households of
Metro Manila. Jimenez criticized the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) for its
continuous failure to solve the sewerage problem in Metro Manila. "Since the 1940s, a sewerage fee
is being collected from the public and yet their facilities are so inadequate, she laments.

Jimenez believes that the greatest hindrance to saving the Pasig River is both the lack of political will
of government officials and the availability of right resources. "All the dredging they are now doing is
useless if nothing is being done about the urban poor communities situated along the river's length,
she_says.

Community-based_waste_management

Jimenez believes that the zenith of SPM's achievements is its community-based waste management
programs. "We've seen a lot of river rehabilitation programs through the years but many of them
failed because they did not involved the communities, she narrates, adding, "They pioneered
community based waste management. We started the buy-back centers, which are now called
"material_recovery_facilities.
Jimenez attested that long before the Solid Waste Management Act was enacted, communities under
the SPM were already segregating their waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable categories.

Since 1998, the SPM has organized 205 barangays along the Pasig River System to initiate
community based waste management projects. These are located in the cities of Manila, Quezon,
Makati, Mandaluyong, Pasig and San Juan. n all, 32 Community Based Waste Management
Programs (CBWMP) have been put in place consisting of: improvement of household garbage

collection particularly in inaccessible areas, segregation of recyclables, setting-up of buy-back centers

for the collection of the recyclables, rehabilitation of communal toilet facilities, and the installation of
garbage traps in strategic areas of the river.

"They are currently designing 'green jobs' for these communities, narrates Jimenez. Such "green
jobs, she explains entails workers to collect waste for recycling during the early part of the day and
indulge in urban farming in the afternoon. Urban farming can be accomplished by growing plants in
containers. "But we would want to make sure that the soil they will be using is not toxic so we will
employ an urban agriculturist to attend into that, Jimenez adds.

She emphasized the importance of trusting the capability and commitment of the communities to
initiate positive change even if it would take some time.

Because of the community-based waste management programs of the SPM, Jimenez revealed that
the solid waste being dumped into the Pasig River was now reduced by 50 percent.

PubIic_discIosures

Another potent instrument of the SPM in initiating change is public disclosure via its annual Lason
(poison) Awards, a mock award given to companies that pollutes the Pasig River. What is good about
the SPM's Lason Awards is that in the majority of cases, it turned former foes into partners. Jimenez
named Jollibee and Coca Cola as former Lason awardees who are now SPM's active partners in
saving_the_Pasig_River.
"Jollibee is now funding their participatory action research. That research will give us a very good
insight regarding community-based waste management, she says.

Jimenez said that the Danish government recently gave the SPM a grant to make a study of the
impact of its Lason Awards, "The study concluded that it is among the most successful public
disclosures schemes in Asia, she says, adding "They're even cited in research materials published in
Tokyo_and_Sweden.

After the SPM put up a resource center for Philippine rivers, it decided to make the scope of its public
disclosure national. "We are now giving a national Lason Award every two years called the Pasaway
Award, Jimenez narrates. She revealed that riverbank communities nominated a lot of mining
companies_across_the_country.

Forging_partnerships

Besides forging new partnerships, Jimenez is grateful to all the institutions that helped the SPM
particularly when it entered a serious slump in the late 1990s. A member sued the organization then
for anomalous transaction and while the Commission on Audit eventually cleared the SPM after three
years it had lost great momentum. "Former DENR Secretary Bebet Gordon came to our aid and gave
us an office. t was also then that the SPM became the secretariat of the international Earth Day
Network Philippines, she recalls.

Since 2005, the SPM is in partnership with the Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP). "The
PUP gave them a building but they can't still use it at the moment because of the squatter colonies
around it, Jimenez says. The SPM has grand plans for the facility. "He is meeting with Mayor Alfredo
Lim and he's going to ask if he can help us clear it up, Jimenez narrates, continuing, "They can make
a laboratory there for water quality testing. She revealed that there's even a serious plan to
collaborate with the National Commission for Culture and the Arts to put up an eco-solution museum
in the place. "They want to popularize technology and bring it to the hands of the people, Jimenez

emphasized.

The SPM now has 100 full scholars all attending the PUP. The scholarship program, Jimenez said,
was funded by Shell Philippines. These scholars dubbed as "green scholars would be harnessed for
SPM's ongoing and future environmental projects.

Reasons_to_Iive_for

Jimenez has a clear answer to those doubting the value of saving a river that was long dead. She
said that the Pasig River is the foremost indicator of an ecosystem in urban Metro Manila. "f the
Pasig River isn't saved, then the same fate also awaits the Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay, Jimenez
warns. She also said that failing to save the Pasig River connotes a national shame. Pertaining to the
influx of people from the provinces to the cities resulting in the pollution of vital waterways she says,
"The death of the Pasig River is an indicator of the failure of the government's rural development
program.

Jimenez states that they are currently planning to work with experts from the Quezon City
government to come up with a biodiversity urban template. Biodiversity is the sum total of the variety
of life on earth. "f you saw a frog in the city, that's a healthy indicator of biodiversity, she attests.
Jimenez believes that good governance is vital in winning the battle to save the Pasig River. She
admonishes the public to be really wise in choosing new leaders in the elections next year. "We have
enough good laws in place, among them are the Clean Air Act and the Solid Waste Management Act.
Just enforce them strictly and their environmental problems will be solved, she explains.

She encourages the common Filipino to do their part in saving the Pasig River no matter how small.
With a glint of hope in her eyes Jimenez concludes, "Just clean up her own backyard, which would go
a long way.
RevivaI of FiIthy River from Changed Habits
By Kara Santos

MANILA, Apr 19, 2010 (IPS) - WhiIe more deveIoped countries consider waterfronts prime
property, most FiIipinos have regarded rivers and creeks as their "backyard" and sewage
system.

Over 60 percent of the pollution of an historic and major waterway, the Pasig River, comes from
untreated direct discharge of domestic waste, says the Philippine environmental department's Pasig
River_Rehabilitation_Commission(PRRC).

As a result, the Pasig, which connects two bays in this South-east Asian country, was declared
biologically dead in the 1990s. But a 2008 study by the environment department found that several
species_were_still_thriving,_sparking_new_hope_for_reviving_the_19-kilometre_river.

Last year, the PRRC embarked on a massive dredging project to deepen the river's depth from three
to six metres and remove the huge amounts of garbage lying beneath.

"n the seven months of dredging operations, 75 percent or two million out of the target 2.83 million
cubic metres of contaminated riverbed has been dredged, " says PRRC Executive Director
Deogracias_Tablan,_an_architect.

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Everything from decades-old disposable diapers, old tyres, entire cars and sunken boats were dug up
from_the_river,_he_adds.

To think that 66-year-old Ben Galindo says that when he was a child, the Pasig was "so clear and
blue". Growing up in a village near it, Galindo says the river was where he learned to swim at the age
of_seven.

"n those days," he adds, "when we didn't have any dinner, my father would just go down to the river
with a net and come back with so many different fish for us to eat."

Back then, there were only 20 houses in their area, he says. But from the 1960s onwards, rows and
rows of shanties sprouted along easements of riverbanks and creeks in the capital as people from
provinces_migrated_to_the_city.

Since there were no facilities to speak of, Galindo says, people made holes in the floors, making the
rivers_their_toilet.

Decades later, negligence, lack of proper sanitation systems, and rapid urbanisation had turned the
waters of Pasig into filthy, sluggish soup. slands of garbage began floating along its whole murky
stretch. Creeks became clogged in layers of trash so thick that in some areas children could walk on
the river. The stench of decay hovered under bridges from the dumpsites of the slums.

nstead of fish, discarded plastic bags and used bottles made up the haul of scavengers from the
waterways.

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These days, the PRRC says its dredging operations would not only reduce health risks to residents
and improve the river's navigation potential, but help prevent flooding.

At the height of Typhoon Ketsana last year, swollen rivers forced families to take refuge on their roofs
amid the worst flooding the country had seen in over 40 years.

After dredging is completed, PRRC plans to treat the water through bio/phytoremediation activities.
But Tablan points out that there is no use doing this if people continue to throw garbage in its waters.

Relocating the thousands of families along the river to alternative communities with livelihood
opportunities is another crucial step underway, with ABS-CBN Foundation nc, the socio-civic arm of
a major broadcasting network, taking the helm.

Working to change residents' poor waste-handling habits, the foundation has constructed facilities for
segregating trash, along with communal toilets in impoverished areas.

"Residents can use the toilets in exchange for their recyclable goods, so they are encouraged to
segregate their recyclables and bring it to our facility," says project engineer Richard Penaflor.

A United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) study estimates that with an average waste
generation of 0.5 kg per person, the garbage in Metro Manila alone amounts to 5,250 metric tonnes
per day. f residents even just halved the amount of their garbage, this will lead to a sizeable
reduction in solid waste over time, says Penaflor.

Yet while many are quick to blame urban blight on the poor, former environment secretary Elisea
Gozun of the Earth Day Network stresses that the sanitation systems are not only inadequate but

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badly_designed_and_constructed.

"The 12 million Filipinos who live and work in Metro Manila all contribute to the pollution in our
waterways as only a small percentage of households are connected to a sewer system," says Gozun,
adding that majority of household septic tanks are improperly designed, leading to eventual seepage
into_waterways.

Groups are now also addressing the problem of industrial waste, which accounts for 35 percent of the
river's_pollution.

One non-profit organisation, the Sagip Pasig (Save Pasig) Movement, has even organised the 'Lason
(Poison)' Awards 'honouring' firms that pollute the river.

Movement head Myrna Jimenez says the mock awards' recipients have tried harder to address their
inadequacies. For instance, a year after it became a 'Lason' awardee, the local fastfood chain
Jollibee was honoured for real for building a new waste-treatment plant.

Since 'Lason' began, Jimenez says, there has been a 15-percent reduction of river pollution caused
by_industrial_firms.

Advocates say that involving communities is key to restoring the Pasig's pristine state. Says ABS-
CBN foundation's Penaflor: "No matter how many millions of pesos we spend, if each person doesn't
have the consciousness to dispose of garbage in the right way, then nothing will happen."

Galindo agrees: "People really need to change their thinking that rivers are a place to throw trash,
and instead treat it as a precious resource."

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PIastics and 'Ondoy'
By Rina Jimenez-David
Philippine Daily nquirer
THE MNUTE floodwaters from last year's "Ondoy disaster receded enough to allow vehicles
on the road, they motored to SM Marikina to buy food supplies and other necessities, such as plastic
pails and basins, brooms and a transistor radio.
As they sped along Marcos Highway, she wondered if there was a fiesta being celebrated as
light posts and the fence on the traffic island was festooned with what looked like bunting. On closer
inspection, the "bunting turned out to be plastic bags and trash snagged on the posts and on the
chicken wire of the fence, swaying in the wind and lending a cheery air to an otherwise somber
atmosphere, what with mounds of dried mud on the road and roadsides, and disabled vehicles
littering the highway.
The plastic trash could be spotted throughout the stretch of Marcos Highway, obviously borne
by the floodwaters. The sight of them brought home the predominance of plastic material among the
flotsam in their drains and ditches, leading one to speculate if these did not perhaps contribute to the
extraordinary level of flooding that swamped much of Metro Manila almost a year ago.
These suspicions would seem to have been bolstered by a statement issued recently by the
Alliance for a Cleaner Earth (ACE), a group of outdoor sports enthusiasts and environmentalists

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calling for measures to stop what it calls "plastic pollution. The group sees the amount of plastic trash
as a "major cause of the regular flooding experienced in Metro Manila and solid waste pollution in all
parts of the countryfrom beaches to mountains, from creeks and rivers to seas all over the
archipelago.
* * *
ONDOY, said ACE, was a "wake-up call that should have been heeded since plastic trash has
been found to be a major cause of blocked drainage and floodways.
The government, said the group, could adopt and enforce measures that will drastically reduce
the amount of plastic materials, as part of climate change adaptation measures. Among these are the
creation, adoption and enforcement of a "plastics pollution tax to be levied on all products that are
packaged in plastic. n Ghana, said the group, both producers and consumers of products packed in
plastic bear the burden of the tax.
Such a measure could be an expansion of a plastics tax bill recently filed in Congress covering
plastic bottles, pouches, sachets, wrappers, etc. HB 127 seeks to levy a tax of P2.50 "for every plastic
bag used at the point of sale of goods or products. ndeed, the proposed plastics pollution tax would
increase the price of goods packaged in plastic, and would in fact force consumers to buy fewer
products packaged in plastic and force producers as well to seek alternative means of distributing

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their products. Moreover, said ACE, they hope the tax will "lead to the creation of a fund that would be
used for the retrieval and proper disposal of plastic waste.
* * *
WHLE they wait for the bill to make its way through Congress, and then wait even longer as
the concerned bodies begin to implement the tax, there are some questions that need to be answered
now as we approach the Ondoy anniversary.
First, what has the task force or commission created in the wake of Ondoy accomplished so
far? She know the former President appointed tycoon Manuel Pangilinan to head this body, but aside
from some preliminary steps, nothing has been heard from it since.
Second, what have local governments, especially in towns and cities badly affected by Ondoy,
done to mitigate the impact of heavy rains and flooding? Have they at the very least inspected
particular areas where flooding was pretty bad and begun to either dredge, clear or clean up
waterways and routes for floodwater? Are they even now collecting all the plastic trash from drains to
make sure these don't cause floods in the event of heavy rain?
At the same time, have measures been taken to enable local governments to respond rapidly
in cases not just of typhoons and flooding but of other natural disasters like earthquakes, volcano
eruptions and landslides? n the first few weeks after Ondoy, they saw and heard a slew of
suggestions, like re-designing barangay halls and equipping these with rescue boats and other

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rescue equipment, coming up with a system of alarm bells, sirens and other means to alert residents
of incoming danger, and even clearing the floodways of obstructions to make sure floodwater makes
it way to Manila Bay or Laguna de Bay. Have any of these measures been implemented?
* * *
ENVRONMENT experts had a single message in the course of numerous briefings held in the
face of tremendous media interest post-Ondoy. And this was: Ondoy can and will happen again, and
sooner than we think. This is because, they said, measures that should have been taken decades
ago to mitigate flooding in Metro Manila and other urbanized parts of the country were either ignored
or laid aside due to lack of funds.
At the same time, local governments and private developers have tampered needlessly (but
profitably) with nature, filling creeks, rivers and even lakes to build subdivisions or commercial centers.
Others have not only felled trees but entire hillsides and mountains to build not just homes and
commercial establishments, but also golf courses, resorts and casinos.
Ondoy, as many commentators said, was nature's way of warning us that we abuse her at our
own risk. But a repeat of Ondoyand don't doubt that it will happen sooner rather than laterwould
be nature's way of slapping some sense into them. t's time they were shaken awake.

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efinition of Terms
1. FIash FIood - is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas - washes, rivers, dry
lakes and basins. t may be caused by heavy rain associated with a storm, hurricane,
or tropical storm or melt water from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields. Flash
floods can also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure
such as a man-made dam, as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889.
2. Toxicity - is the degree to which a substance can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to
the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on
a substructure of the organism, such as a cell or an organ, such as the liver.
3. Biodegradation - is the chemical breakdown of materials by environment. The term is often
used in relation to ecology, waste management and natural environment. Organic material can
be degraded aerobically with oxygen, or anaerobically, without oxygen.
4. EnvironmentaIIy FriendIy are synonyms used to refer to goods and services, laws,
guidelines and policies considered to inflict minimal or no harm on the environment.
5. FIotsam floating wreckage of a ship or its cargo; -roadly floating debris
6. FIooding is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. The EU Floods
directive defines a flood as a temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by
water. n the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide.
Flooding may result from the volume of water within a body of water, such as a river or lake,

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which overflows or breaks levees, with the result that some of the water escapes its usual
boundaries.
7. FIuviaI is used in geography and Earth science to refer to the processes associated
with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by them. When the stream or
rivers are associated with glaciers, ice sheets, or ice caps, the
term gIaciofIuviaI or fIuviogIaciaI is used.
8. Trash is unwanted or useless materials. Litter is waste which has been disposed of
improperly.
9. eath is the termination of the biological functions that sustain a living organism. The word
refers both to the particular processes of life's cessation as well as to the condition or state of a
formerly living body.
10. Mitigation are terms used primarily by the United States government and the related
environmental industry to describe projects or programs intended to offset known impacts to
an existing historic or natural resource such as a stream, wetland, endangered species,
archeological site or historic structure.

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Research Paradigm



















Research Hypothesis

-The sewage system in the creeks of the river must be rerouting to water treatment facility in
able to drain it in the river. This must be the most effective way for the river to be easily cleaned. This
method is so simple, but many bypass the water treatment system and directly drain it to the river.

Step 1. Remove all the sewage system in the
river. This will lead to easy cleaning and
detoxifying of the entire river
Step 2. Deepen the river and the arteries.
The effects of this are there will have more
space for the creatures.
Step 2.1. Remove all the
cluster in the river.
Step 2.2. Remove the sewage
systems and the cluster in the arteries
of the river.

Step 3. Direct the canals and creeks into the
water treatment facility so there will be an
organized drainage system. This will make the
creatures in the river healthier.

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Chapter 3
The river can be easily cleaned if there are no factory who violating the law where they directly
drain their sewage into the river. But first of all, they need to reroute their sewage system into the
water treatment facility. Rerouting it will be hard for the factory because they'll need more time to
completely reroute their sewage system and they cost it more money to do that certain activity.
Government must create a law that will make the group of people involved in the factory jailed for
about 10-20 years and a penalty of P500 million if they have a direct sewage system in the river in
order for the another factory in the riverbank allot a time and money to reroute their sewage system to
water treatment facility.

Then, they must deepen the river and its arteries in order for the creatures in the river have
more space for them. This will lead the group of people who clean the river to easily detoxify the river.
There is a natural way for the river to detoxify. t's to put millionaire's vine in the river. n order to
detoxify the river easily, they need to clear out the clusters in the river. They must notice the factories
that have sewage system in the arteries of the river that they need to reroute their sewage system.

Lastly, direct the canals and creeks into the water treatment facility. They need to completely
reroute the sewage systems into the water treatment facility in order for the creatures to become
healthier, and live longer. The fishermen will now rise again in the river.