1

Date: November 21
th
, 2008
Physics 204L
Heat Engine

Names: Ali Shams, Ibrahim El Masry, Section:
Instructor: Mrs. Nibelle SkaII

Part I: Boyle`s Law
Temperature 25.12
Piston Diameter d (32.5 I 0.1) mm

Cross-sectional Area of cylinder A (8.30 0.05) 10
-4
m
2


Where x: Piston Position (m)
A: Area of cylinder (


Piston position x (m)
10
-3

Gas Pressure ( KPa) Volume oI air in
cylinder 1/V( m
-3
)
100 100.6 12,048
90 110.8 13,386
80 123.1 15,060
70 137.2 17,211
60 152.8 20,080
50 172.4 24,096

Plot the pressure versus the inverse oI volume. Do you get a straight line? II yes determine using
linear regression the slope oI your straight line along with its associated error. Find Irom the
slope the number oI moles oI air inside the cylinder.

7,/0
2


The graph is a straight line with a slope 0.005 10
3
5 Pa . m
3

The slope here is a PV and from the equation of ideal gas we can write that
a PV nRT so n a/RT 20.2 10
-4
mol.
The error on the slope:

1/V 1/V
2
y
i
(KPa) y(KPa) e
i
e
i
2
12,048 688,922,045 100.6 92.19 -8.41 70.72
13,386 558,082,441 110.8 98.88 -11.92 142.08
15,060 440,910,109 123.1 107.25 -15.65 244.92
17,211 337,588,142 137.2 118.005 -18.195 331.05
20,080 248,011,936 152.8 132.35 -20.45 418.2
24,096 172,230,511 172.4 152.43 -19.97 398.8
Total:101,881 1,942,745,184 1,605.77

1,276,732,943
6
2
2
10 88 . 1
2

-

So the error on the slope o is 0.0014

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Part II: Heat Engine
Piston Diameter d (32.5 I 0.1) mm
Mass of piston-and-platform (35.00I 0.06) g
Area of the cylinder A (8.30 0.05) 10
-4
m
2

Before recording any data, run the experiment through a few cycles to get used to its
operation

Fill in the table below, record the cold and hot temperatures using the provided thermometer.

%
and

% .Also record the displacement h oI the mass m200 g produced by the heat engine.

Tria
l

! (KP
a )

!

(KPa )
h( mm )

%

( )

% (
)
1 0.001 -0.005 0.00
7
0.01
3
101.6 104.5 14 25.12 95
2 0.000 -0.006 0.00
4
0.01
0
101.6 104.5 14 25.12 88.4
3 -0.001 -0.005 0.00
4
0.00
9
101.6 104.5 13 25 88.4
4 -0.002 -0.005 0.00
5
0.01
0
101.6 104.5 14 25 88.4

1. Determine the thermodynamic work done, Ior each trial. (Show a sample
calculation)

The thermodynamic work done is the area under the parallelogram ABCD:
;
4
O J.
O J.
O J.
O J.

2. Find the average value oI the thermodynamic work done along with its rms error.

&sing the calculator:

J

J.
1.

3. alculate the mechanical work done in liIting the mass m200g along with its
uncertainty. ompare this work to the work done by the thermodynamic cycle.

kg. Where: Mass oI the
mass 200 g
Mass oI the piston


O J.
O J.
O J.
O J.

Using the calculator

J.

J.

1.



5



4. What is the maximum theoretical thermal eIIiciency oI the engine?

The maximum theoretical thermal efficiency of this engine is that of a carnot and
calculated by the formula used for a carnot engine so


So it is 16






5. Is the heat engine we are dealing with a arnot engine? Explain.


This heat engine is not a carnot engine because the carnot cycle contains 2 adiabatic
transformations and 2 isothermic transformations, but this engine showed 2 adiabatic
transformations and 2 isobaric transformations. In addition to this, the carnot engine is an
ideal engine that is its efficiency is 1 but our engine had it to be 0.16 which is pretty far
from that of a carnot. So this it is not a carnot engine