Feudal Economy: The landlordism was very usual in the pre-revolted Russia, and land was very important,

thinking in a country of Russias proportions and with an 80% of rural population. There were two kinds of land workers: -Mujiks: cheap manpower in miserable conditions working in a landlordism system. -Kulaks: Peasants who were little owners. -Industry precariously develops. -Most of the enterprises have a foreigner capital. -Awful transportation a communication. -All of this was accentuated by the squalid condition and treatment of the landlords with their workers.

Social Inequality Russian society was characterized by extreme economic and social inequalities, constituting a society strictly established: High Class: Aristocracy (landlord or urban) and enriched bourgeoisie. Middle Class: Bourgeoisie (liberal professionals), Kulaks. Lower Class: peasants, labor and popular urban classes.

Czars Power El zar era el jefe poltico, militar y religioso. La mayora del pueblo, sobre todo los campesinos, lo consideraban su protector, al que llamaban El padrecito. The Czar was the political, military and religious leadership. Most of people have very strong patriarchal feelings with this authority, calling him The Daddy. He lived surrounded by the court in very luxurious palaces in San Petersburgo. At the time of the revolution, Czar Nicholas II Romanov has losses his prestige under the influence of the polemic Rasputin.

Russian- Japanese War and 1905 Revolution: Entre 1904-5 se produjo un conflicto blico entre Rusia y Japn por el dominio de Manchuria (Regin del Noreste de China). 1904-05 Russia and Japan entered into a war for the domain of Manchuria, northwestern China. The Russian defeat brings different reactions: -Bloody Sunday (1905). A strike at the factory Putilov culminated in a demonstration march to the Winter Palace (residence of the royal family), which was put down hard by the Guard of the Czar. The unrest spread to Russia, prompting waves of strikes and protests that hit the military itself (Battleship Potemkin).

Soviets are formed first (which are banned in 1906) and Czar himself, bound by the grave circumstances, Parliament or Duma calls for reform.

Opposition to Tsarist: They formed political parties opposed to the Tsar: - Kadets and bourgeois liberals: They want a parliamentary monarchy. - Social Democrats, Marxists.: They are divided into Mensheviks (minority) party to delay the Revolution to have achieved a higher level of economic development in Russia. Bolsheviks (majority) felt that the proletariat must carry out a revolution and not compromise with the bourgeoisie (class struggle). - Socialist: Mostly farmers. Among his proposals was a federal republic. Conjunctural Factors: Russia's participation in the first word war caused a famine and misery that generated social conflict. The numbers of demoralizing defeats were a discontented population. The Tsar and the army itself was losing prestige in the eyes of his people.